Scribd
Upload
79 views5 pages

Distributed Databases: Rohini College of Engineering & Technology

The document discusses distributed databases and their architectures. Distributed databases store data across multiple computers that may be located in the same place or dispersed over a network. The architectures discussed are client-server, peer-to-peer, and multi-DBMS. Client-server can be single or multiple server/client. Peer-to-peer has four levels of schemas and peers share resources. Multi-DBMS is a collection of autonomous DBMSs with six levels of schemas.

Uploaded by

mentalinside
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
79 views5 pages

Distributed Databases: Rohini College of Engineering & Technology

The document discusses distributed databases and their architectures. Distributed databases store data across multiple computers that may be located in the same place or dispersed over a network. The architectures discussed are client-server, peer-to-peer, and multi-DBMS. Client-server can be single or multiple server/client. Peer-to-peer has four levels of schemas and peers share resources. Multi-DBMS is a collection of autonomous DBMSs with six levels of schemas.

Uploaded by

mentalinside
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

ROHINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

1. DISTRIBUTED DATABASES
A distributed database is a database in which not all storage devices are attached to a
common processor. It may be stored in multiple computers, located in the same physical
location; or may be dispersed over a network of interconnected computers.
 Distributed database is a system in which storage devices are not connected to a common
processing unit.
 Database is controlled by Distributed Database Management System and data may be
stored at the same location or spread over the interconnected network. It is a loosely
coupled system.
 Shared nothing architecture is used in distributed databases.

Distributed Database System


Communication channel is used to communicate with the different locations and every
system has its own memory and database.
Reliability: In distributed database system, if one system fails down or stops working for some
time another system can complete the task.

CS3492-DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS


ROHINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

Availability: In distributed database system reliability can be achieved even if sever fails down.
Another system is available to serve the client request. Performance: Performance can be
achieved by distributing database over different locations. So the databases are available to
every location which is easy to maintain.
(i) Homogeneous distributed databases system:
Homogeneous distributed database system is a network of two or more databases (With
same type of DBMS software) which can be stored on one or more machines.
So, in this system data can be accessed and modified simultaneously on several databases
in the network. Homogeneous distributed system are easy to handle.
Example: Consider that we have three departments using Oracle-9i for DBMS. If some
changes are made in one department then, it would update the other department also.

(ii) Heterogeneous distributed database system.


 Heterogeneous distributed database system is a network of two or more
databases with different types of DBMS software, which can be stored on one or
more machines.
 In this system data can be accessible to several databases in the network with the
help of generic connectivity (ODBC and JDBC).
 Example: In the following diagram, different DBMS software are accessible to
each other using ODBC and JDBC.

CS3492-DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS


ROHINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

1.

1.1 DISTRIBUTED DBMS ARCHITECTURES


DDBMS architectures are generally developed depending on three parameters − Distribution −
It states the physical distribution of data across the different sites. Autonomy − It indicates the
distribution of control of the database system and the degree to which each constituent DBMS
can operate independently. Heterogeneity − It refers to the uniformity or dissimilarity of the
data models, system components and databases.
Architectural Models
Some of the common architectural models are –
 Client - Server Architecture for DDBMS
 Peer - to - Peer Architecture for DDBMS
 Multi - DBMS Architecture
1. Client - Server Architecture for DDBMS
This is a two-level architecture where the functionality is divided into servers and clients.
The server functions primarily encompass data management, query processing,
optimization and transaction management.
Client functions include mainly user interface. However, they have some functions like
consistency checking and transaction management.
The two different client - server architecture are
- Single Server Multiple Client
- Multiple Server Multiple Client (shown in the following diagram)

CS3492-DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS


ROHINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

2. Peer- to-Peer Architecture for DDBMS


In these systems, each peer acts both as a client and a server for imparting database
services. The peers share their resource with other peers and co-ordinate their activities. This
architecture generally has four levels of schemas
Global Conceptual Schema− Depicts the global logical view of data.
Local Conceptual Schema − Depicts logical data organization at each site.
Local Internal Schema − Depicts physical data organization at each site.
External Schema − Depicts user view of data.

CS3492-DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS


ROHINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

3. Multi - DBMS Architectures


This is an integrated database system formed by a collection of two or more autonomous
database systems. Multi-DBMS can be expressed through six levels of schemas
Multi-database View Level − Depicts multiple user views comprising of subsets of the integrated
distributed database.
Multi-database Conceptual Level − Depicts integrated multi-database that comprises of global
logical multidatabase structure definitions.
Multi-database Internal Level − Depicts the data distribution across different sites and multi-
database to local data mapping.
Local database View Level − Depicts public view of local data.
Local database Conceptual Level − Depicts local data organization at each site. Local database
Internal Level − Depicts physical data organization at each site. There are two design alternatives
for multi-DBMS –
 Model with multi-database conceptual level.
 Model without multi-database conceptual level.

CS3492-DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

You might also like