EASWARI ENGINEERING COLLEGE

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

YEAR/SEMESTER III/ V

191ECC501T– MICROPROCESSORS AND MICROCONTROLLERS

QUESTION BANK

UNIT I - THE 8086 MICROPROCESSOR

PART – A

1) Given that (BX) =0158 (DI) =10A5 Displacement = 1B57 (DS)=2100. Determine the
effective address and physical address for the following addressing modes.
(a) Register Indirect
(b) Relative based indexed.
2) What are macros?
3) What is the need for interrupts in microprocessor operation?
4) What are byte and string manipulation?
5) Define Stack pointer
6) List the various addressing modes of 8086.
7) The offset address of a data is (341B)H and the data segment register value is
(123A)H. What is the physical address of data?
8) List the Flags of 8086 microprocessor.
9) List the segment registers of 8086 microprocessor.
10) Calculate the physical address, when segment address is 1085H and effective
address is 4537H.
11) Show how the 2 byte INT instruction can be applied for debugging.
12) List the addressing modes of 8086. Give examples.
13) Write about the different types of interrupts supported in 8086.
14) What is the processing element inside the microprocessor? What process it does?
15) How many memory locations can be addressed by 8086 microprocessor?
16) If the stack segment register contains 3000H and the stack pointer register
contains 8434H, what is the physical address of the top of the stack?
17) What do you mean by addressing modes?
18) Give the operation of CBW and TEST instructions of 8086?
19) How 16-Bit address is converted into 20-Bit address in 8086?
20) Name the hardware interrupts of 8086.
21) What address in the interrupt vector table, are used for a Type-2 interrupt in 8086?
22) What are called assembler directives? Give two examples.
23) Draw the 8086 flag register format.
24) Why AAD is to be executed before DIV instruction while converting unpacked BCD
to Binary number?
25) List the pointer and index registers of 8086 architecture.
26) Identify the addressing modes involved in the following 8086 instructions:
MOV AX, 0005H; MOV AX, 50H [BX][SI].
27) Give the significance of Interrupt flag in 8086 processor.
28) What do you mean by Non Maskable Interrupt?
29) List the different flags affected by the arithmetic and logic operations.
30) Draw the contents of the stack and the registers after a PUSH instruction.

PART – B

1) With neat block diagram, explain the architecture of 8086 microprocessor.

2) What is interrupt and interrupt routine? Explain interrupt sequences for 8086
Microprocessor and interrupt pointers.
3) Explain the instruction set and assembler directives of 8086 microprocessor.
4) Explain the various addressing modes of 8086 microprocessor.
5) (i) Explain the internal hardware architecture of 8086 microprocessor with neat
diagrams.
(ii) Write a short note about assembler directives.
6) Explain the data transfer, , arithmetic and branch instructions with examples.
7) (i)Write an 8086 ALP to find the sum of numbers in an array of 10 elements.
(ii) Write an 8086 assembly language program to multiply two 16-bit numbers to
give 32-bit result.
8) (i) Explain about the Assume, EQU, DD assembler directives.
(ii) What is the use of the following assembler directives?
DW, ENDS, EVEN and EXTRN
9) (i)Describe procedure and macros in detail with necessary examples.
(ii) Discuss in detail about byte and string instruction manipulation.
10) Draw and discuss the interrupt structure of 8086.

PART-C

1) Write an 8086 ALP to sort out any given 10 numbers in ascending and descending
order.
2) (i) Write a program to find the average of ten numbers.
(ii) Write an assembly language program in 8086 to search the largest data in an
array.
3) (i)Write a program to divide two 8-Bit numbers.
(ii) Write a 8086 assembly language program to convert BCD data -Binary data.
 UNIT II - 8086 SYSTEM BUS STRUCTURE

PART – A

1) What are the significance of Bus High Enable Signal?

2) Write the advantages of loosely coupled system over tightly coupled systems.
Define system bus.
3) When is co-processor used?
4) List two differences between maximum mode and minimum mode configuration
of 8086.
5) What is meant by multiprogramming?
6) What is the need of LOCK signal?
7) Write some example for advanced processors.
8) Define machine cycle.
9) Compare closely coupled and loosely coupled configurations.
10) Why bus request and cycle stealing are required?
11) Draw the read cycle timing diagram for minimum mode.
12) How does the main processor distinguish it’s instructions from the co-processor
instructions when it fetches the instruction from memory?
13) What are advantages of coprocessor?
14) List the features of memory mapped I/O.
15) What is a floating point co-processor?
16) What are the differences between 8085 and 8086 processor?
17) How 8089 operates in loosely coupled configuration and tightly coupled
configuration?
18) What is the function of HOLD and HLDA?
19) Name the signals used by the processor to communicate with an I/O processor.
20) What is Daisy chaining and polling?
21) Name the three bus allocation schemes used in loosely coupled multiprocessor
system.
22) What are the three basic multiprocessor configurations that the 8086 can
support?
23) What is Bus Arbitration?
24) List some advanced processors.
25) In what ways are the standard microprocessor and co-processor differ from each
other?

PART-B

1) Explain the significance of the following signals:

a) HOLD b) IO/M c) LOCK d) RQ/GTO e) ALE
2) Explain the interrupt system based on multiple 8259 with necessary block
diagram.
3) Distinguish between closely coupled and loosely coupled multiprocessor
configurations.
4) What do you understand from system bus structure? Explain.
5) Discuss about the multiprocessor configurations of 8086.
6) Explain in detail about the system bus timing of 8086/8088.
7) Explain the following:
a) Multiprocessor system
 b) Coprocessor
c) Multiprogramming
d) Semaphore
8) [i] Draw the control word and status word format of 8087 processor.
[ii] Explain how the communication between CPU and IOP processor takes place.
9) Explain the architecture of 8087 numeric data processor.

PART-C

1) With neat diagram explain the minimum mode of operation of 8086 and the
functionality of the signals specific to the minimum mode of operation. Also explain
the bus timing diagram for input and output transfer on a minimum mode.
2) Enumerate I/O programming by its major input and output operation.
3) Explain the basic bus access control and arbitration schemes used in multiprocessor
system or Explain the basic bus access control and arbitration schemes used in loosely
coupled multiprocessor system

UNIT III – I/O INTERFACING

PART – A

1) What is the purpose of control word written to control register in 8255?

2) List the Four Display Modes of 8279 Keyboard / Display Controller.
3) What is a Mode 0 operation of 8255?
4) Why is memory interfacing required?
5) Give the various modes of 8254 timer.
6) What are the handshake signals used in Mode-2 configuration of 8255?
7) How the DMA operation performed with 8086?
8) What is the drawback of memory mapped I/O?
9) List the advantages and disadvantages of parallel over serial communication.
10) What frequency transmit clock (TxC’) is required by an 8251 in-order for it to
transmit data at 4800 baud with a baud rate factor of 16.
11) Draw the block diagram of alarm controller with 8086 as processor.
12) What are the requirements to be met while interfacing memory or I/O devices to
8085 processor?
13) What is the function of LOCK and RQ/GT signals?
14) How to change the direction of the stepper motor from clockwise direction to
anticlockwise direction using a program segment.
15) Mention any two applications that uses ADC and DAC.
16) State the use of cascading signals of 8259 programmable interrupt controller.
17) State the role of In-service register of 8259 interrupt controller.
18) What is the function of gate signal in 8254 timer?
19) Name the two modes used by the DMA processes to transfer data.
20) Using two 8259-interrupt controllers what is the maximum number of peripherals
 that can be provided with interrupt facility.
21) What is key bouncing?
22) What are the modes used in keyboard modes?
23) Give the register organization of 8257?
24) List the major components of the keyboard/Display interface.
25) Give the different types of command words used in 8259a?
26) Define D/A and A/D interface.
27) Give the applications of I/O interface.

PART – B

1) Draw the block diagram and explain the operations of 8251 serial communication
interface.
2) How are D/A and A/D interfaces used? Explain.
3) Explain in detail about DMA controller.
4) Draw and explain functional diagram of keyboard and display controller.
5) With a neat block diagram explain the 8255 Programmable Peripheral Interface and
its operating modes.
6) Explain the different modes of operation of 8253/54 timer.
7) (i)Bring about the features of 8251.
(ii)Discuss how 8251 is used for serial data communication.
(iii)Explain the advantages of using the USART chips in microprocessor based systems.
8) Draw the architectural block diagram of 8259 Programmable Interrupt controller and
explain.
9) With neat diagram explain the traffic light controller interface using 8086
microprocessor.

PART-C

1) Explain the interfacing of 8279 with 8086 with its various control word formats.
2) Illustrate traffic light controller with its interfacing procedure and programming.
3) How do you interface a keyboard and the display using Keyboard/display controller?
Write a program to interface keyboard display controller with 8086 Microprocessor.

UNIT IV – MICROCONTROLLER

PART – A

1) Explain the function of the SP pin of 8051

Why a latch is used for an O/P port, but a tri-state buffer can be used for aninput port?
2) Which bits of the PSW is responsible for selection of the register banks?
3) How microcontroller is different from microprocessor?
4) What are addressing modes for a microcontroller?
5) What are bit manipulation instructions? Give two examples.
6) Illustrate the DJNZ instruction
7) Which port used as a multifunction port? List the signals .
8) What is the significance of EA pin?
9) Mention the number of register bank and their addresses in 8051.
10) Draw the diagram for Processor Status Word in 8051.
11) What is the difference between MOVX and MOV instruction in 8051
Microcontroller?
12) What is Baud rate for mode 0 operation of the serial port of 8051?
13) In the program status word of 8051, the bits RS0 and RS1 are 1 and 0,
then which register bank is selected for operation?
14) What is the size of the on-chip program memory and on-chip data
memory of 8051 microcontroller?
15) List the features of the parallel ports of 8051 microcontroller.
16) What are the functions of the following signals of 8051? a) ALE/PROG
and b) PSEN
17) List the applications of a microcontroller.
18) What is the function of DPTR register?
19) State the difference between RET and RET1 instruction in 8051.
20) What is the function of GATE bit in the TMOD register of 8051?
21) What is Special Function Register (SFR) in 8051 microcontroller?

PART – B

1) Briefly explain about the various addressing modes of 8051 with one example
2) Explain the architecture of 8051 with a neat diagram
3) Discuss the ports and its circuits of 8051.
4) Write the available special function registers in 8051. Explain each register with its
format and functions.
5) (i) Explain the TMOD function register and its timer modes of operations.
(ii) Describe the functions of the following signals in 8051: RST, EA, PSEN and ALE
6) Draw the functional block diagram of 8051 microcontroller and explain each block.
7) Draw the pin diagram of 8051 Microcontroller and explain the Input /Output lines in
detail.
8) Explain the internal data memory structure of 8051 microcontroller with its SFRs.
9) Explain in detail about the 8051 register banks and stack.
10) Draw and explain the functions of bits in TMOD and TCON registers of 8051.

PART – C

1) (i) Write a program to generate Fibonacci series

(ii) Write a program to find out the smallest number in an array.
2) (i)Differentiate among the following instructions:
(a)MOV A,@R1
(b)MOVC A,@A+DPTR
 (c)MOVX A,@R1
(ii) Write an ALP to find the square and cube of the given number
3) How input/output pins and ports help in a circuit of a microcontroller?

UNIT V – INTERFACING MICROCONTROLLER

PART – A

1) What are the different modes in which timer 2 can operate?

2) When is an external memory access generated in 8051?
3) What are the types of ADC?
4) Give the priority level of the interrupt sources in 8051.
5) Give two examples of sensors and state its uses.
6) List the 8051 interrupts with its priority.
7) What are the types of sensors used for interfacing?
8) State how baud rate is calculated for serial data transfer in mode1.
9) Compare polling and Interrupt.
10) Define baud rate of 8051.
11) Mention the features of serial port in mode0.
12) How is A/D converter interfaced with 8051.
13) Differentiate between timers and counters. Draw the diagram of TCON in 8051.
14) Which register is used for serial programming in 8051? Illustrate it.
15) What is the necessity to interface DAC with microcontroller?
16) What is difference between watch dog timer and ordinary timer?
17) What is the need for de-bouncing the keyboard?
18) Draw the interfacing diagram of LCD with 8051 controller.
19) Sketch the control word for Programmable timer.
20) Write the BSR control word of 8255 to set bit 0 of port C

PART – B

1) (i)Describe how to program and interface an LCD to an 8051 using assembly

language programming.
(ii)Explain in detail the interfacing of temperature sensor with 8051.
2) Draw the block diagram of traffic light control system using 8086.Write the
algorithm and ALP for traffic light control system.
3) Write brief notes on ADC and DAC along with their interface details
4) Describe the different modes of operation of timers/counters in 8051 with its
associated registers.
5) Explain 8051 serial port programming with examples.
6) Draw the circuit diagram to interface a keyboard with microcontroller and explain
how microcontroller recognizes the key-press.
7) How does one interface a 16  2 LCD Display using 8051 Microcontroller?
8) Explain the interrupt structure of 8051 microcontroller with suitable diagrams.
9) Write a program for generating 2ms delay using 8051 Timer 0 operating in mode 1.
Assume crystal frequency=12MHz.

PART – C

1) With a neat circuit diagram explain how a 4*4 keypad is interfaced with 8051
microcontroller and write 8051 ALP for keypad scanning.
2) Draw the diagram to interface stepper motor with 8051 microcontroller and write
an ALP to run the stepper motor in both forward and reverse direction with delay.
3) Design a circuit to generate 12 MHz frequency for a system. Write a program for
generation of unipolar square waveform of 1KHz frequency using timer 0 of 8051 in
mode 0.

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