ECONTECHMOD. AN INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY JOURNAL – 2019, Vol. 08, No.

1, 8 – 18
Student Web Portfolio Information Technology
Yu. Butsa
Lviv Polytechnic National University
Lviv, Ukraine
Received: October 10, 2019, accepted December 1, 2019

Abstract. The search and recruitment of young IT- On the other hand, students who are planning to look
specialists, even students, can be improved by using for a job in IT are also, to some extent, in an uncertain
information technology that would provide relevant situation. In spite of the knowledge of various modern
information on the level of candidates' skills. Creating technologies, learned in the educational institution, self-
such technology that contains electronic portfolios of education is a rather effective way to obtain the
student achievement validated by their teachers is an knowledge and skills required by IT companies. Students
actual need not only for employers. Students are also need to have information on the current hard and soft
interested in using such a portfolio to present their skills required in the IT field. Unfortunately, for IT
professional achievements, as well as to get information students in Ukraine, there is no source of such
about current needs of the technology market. Teachers information.
of educational institutions can use such information
technology to maintain competition and motivate So, it is necessary to create an information
students. Such technology should enable quick search technology, which will manage an electronic student
and display of information on students' professional portfolio. Such technology would facilitate interaction
skills. While desining such technology, we should take between employers in the IT industry and students as
into account needs of all kinds of users, i.e. IT-students, potential employees. Such technology will be useful for
teachers, and employers. Using such technology, students employers if it contains validated information about
should be able to create a portfolio which describes their students' hard skills. Such technology will have value for
knowledge and skills, the task of teachers is to verify the students as it will allow monitoring of what technologies
accuracy of the information, and employers use this are of high demand between IT-employers. Teaching
system to find the specialists they need. The staff can use it as a tool for indirect cooperation and an
implementation of such technology using the website indicator of trends in information technology
provides ease of use and easy access from any device that development.
has access to the Internet. Such technology should also
enable adding new types of skills because the number of To design such information technology, we shall
new technologies is steadily increasing. The information analyse existing technologies that enable keeping a
records of the professional skills, we shall explore their
technology of students’ web-portfolio should provide an
advantages and disadvantages, establishing the main
intellectual search to enable relevant results both for IT-
functions that such technology will have. The next stage
students and employers.
is to develop models and set the requirements for the
Keywords. Web-portfolio, electronic portfolio, e- designed information technology. We shall also present
portfolio, information technology. an algorithm of students’ web-portfolio verification and
valuation.

INTRODUCTION The subject of the study is the process of

keeping a record of students' professional skills, as
The information technology industry is a young, fast- well as the process of displaying the information
paced industry, with the results of its activities spanning sought, based on the input of the user and statistics of
an ever-larger part of daily life. Its rapid development his previews.
creates a constant need for skilled personnel. As a result,
more and more young professionals and even students STATE OF ART
are being hired. One of the disadvantages of hiring young
professionals is the lack of previous experience in real IT
projects. When hiring a young specialist, the employer is An electronic portfolio (e-portfolio, web portfolio) of
forced to take on certain risks, such as the inability of the a student is a collection of electronic evidence collected
and managed by him. Such electronic evidence may
candidate to perform the job after the probation, the
include text, electronic files, images, multimedia, blog
candidate may find a job at another company, after all,
entries, and hyperlinks.
the company does not have any relevant data about
candidate’s knowledge and, accordingly, such employee Researchers consider e-portfolio as [1]:
might not be able to work out the expenses of the
company for its preparation.  a tool of formation of professional skills;
 a portfolio of achievements;
9 Yu. Butsa
 a means of improving the quality of education and Resources like portfoliobox.net, crevado.com,
individual student progress; squarespace.com, etc. can create e-portfolios with
static images, but they have no job search function.
 a technology of monitoring and evaluating learning Therefore, such a resource can only be used as an
achievement as part of the learning process. addition. These resources, as tools for creating e-
Electronic portfolios are used in many areas, for portfolios for students in the IT industry, have obvious
example, in foreign language education [2, 3], as a tool drawbacks. For example, most hard IT skills can not
for teaching students to assess students' knowledge [4-8], be displayed graphically, so using the above
as a tool for improving the quality of learning and technologies seems inappropriate.
enhancing student motivation [9-13], in social media
[14], in medical institutions [15]. Thus, the above-mentioned information
technologies, which could be used as a web portfolio,
In [16], the author describes the portfolio as a tool have disadvantages, almost all resources are focused
for motivating learning and improving the student's primarily on professionals with experience, most
knowledge quality using the e-portfolio technology technologies have no mechanisms to verify the
developed by the Center for Distance Learning reliability of information; information can be
Education. Authors in [17] focus on the creation of duplicated, outdated, etc. That is why there is an
models and templates for e-portfolios as an authentic actual need to create an information technology to
assessment tool within the European Higher Education improve the keeping a record of a student's
Area. professional skills to motivate him and present his
achievements, and so that these achievements were
Electronic student portfolios are increasingly accessible for employers, who consider hiring
used in other disciplines such as communication, students.
mathematics, business, IT, engineering and
architecture [18].
MAIN IDEAS AND METHODS

ANALYSIS OF SIMILAR PROJECTS The designed technology of the student's web

portfolio aims to simplify the process of finding the
LinkedIn is one of the information technologies that first job for students in the field of IT. Such
can fulfill some of the required functions of a student's technology should store data on the student's hard and
web portfolio. LinkedIn is a social network that brings soft skills, ensure the accuracy of this data, provide
together professionals from all over the world, enabling quick and convenient access to select and view the
career opportunities. The network is popular and has over information required for interested parties, namely
200 million users from 200 countries, representing employers, students, and teachers. To verify the
around 150 industries. This platform is aimed to increase accuracy information, provided in student’s portfolio,
the number of professional contacts, as well as creating it is necessary to involve teachers, since it is the
initial business relationships with new people. In the teachers who are aware of the student's level of
profile of such a network, the user specifies information knowledge, this group of users is a guarantor of the
about the education, knowledge and hard skills they reliability of the information.
have. This resource is aimed primarily at professionals
who already have some experience in a particular field The information technology Student’s web
and want to expand their capabilities. The use of such portfolio should enable:
technology loses its attractiveness to students due to lack
of work experience, and potential employers are not able  the ability to create an account of different types of
to obtain additional information from their previous users, at least for the student, employer, and teacher;
workplace. The student, of course, can add his skills, but  the ability to create and edit a portfolio of students;
this information will not be confirmed, so it may not
cause interest from employers.  the ability to create and edit jobs by employers;

Various job search sites also have certain  the ability to verify student’s information by teachers;
features of the web portfolio. An employer can search  the ability to filter data when searching portfolios and
for employees using filters or announcing vacancies jobs;
on the website. Before posting vacancies, one should
register a company in the database of the site, so that  an intelligent search;
everyone could see the full list of vacancies of a  possibility of system maintenance.
particular company and choose the one that most
appeals to them. The disadvantages of such systems
include the orientation of such a site, first of all, to INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FUNCTIONS AND
professionals with experience, as well as the lack of REQUIREMENTS
means to check the accuracy of the information, the
availability of unreliable, outdated data.
 Student Web Portfolio Information Technology 10
For the correct implementation of the product, information, such as the name of the skill, the
it is necessary to clearly describe the set of credibility of the skill and the date of the test. If the
requirements for the created system. For better user's skill has been verified, information about the
perception of the requirements, it is necessary to user who tested it must be displayed. If any skills are
structure these requirements and divide them into untested, a button to confirm the validity of the data
specific groups. should be displayed for the data validation user.

There should be an ability to verify

FEATURES OF THE REGISTRATION AND information, provided by students. Information
AUTHORIZATION PROCESS validation rights should only be available to teachers.
Also, the duties of the teacher include checking the
Creating a new account, that is, registering, as authenticity of persons.
well as an authorization mechanism, are the basic and
one of the most important mechanisms for information The mechanism for creating and validating new
protection. These mechanisms are responsible for skills and technologies should give any user the ability
identifying the user and providing functionality to add new skills so that they can then be tested by
depending on his rights. authorized users and possibly displayed in the main
list of skills in the system.
The registration mechanism must meet the
following requirements: The user authentication technology should
enable the system to work autonomously without the
 check for the existing of the user with identical e- need for an administrator. An administrator is only
mail; required if some incorrect data is to be corrected,
individual users are to be locked or deleted, or data is
 require the user to create a complex password using to be edited that cannot be altered otherwise.
numbers and special characters;
 check that all required fields are completed. FEATURES OF THE PROCESS PORTFOLIOS AND
Requirements for the authorization mechanism VACANCIES SEARCH
are:
The search engine should deliver the most
 in case of incorrect data input, return an error relevant portfolios and jobs using smart search. To do
message to the user; this, a record of portfolio and job views and system
 in case of successful authorization, give access to the searches must be kept, and the results should be
functionality according to the rights of the user group. displayed using this information. Whenever a user
searches for data in the system, it is necessary to
update the search statistics by adding the search filter
FEATURES OF THE PROCESS OF CREATING AND data that the user has used to the statistics. As navigate
EDITING A PORTFOLIO through the portfolio or job search, in addition to
displaying data, it will be requested to update
The portfolio creation page should include the browsing statistics, and a unique identifier links the
following options: selected search result to the completed search query,
which helps you further fine-tune your sorting options.
 references to open repositories, if any;
The statistics are stored in a standardized
 provide a list of hard skills so that the student can format in a database. As the user attempts to search for
choose the relevant one; information, the statistics are aggregated and ed in the
server's memory for faster processing of information.
 field for additional information about the student.
The search query classifies the query and determines
In order to keep the information up to date, all whether it is a modification of the previous query or a
these fields must be editable. If there is currently no new query. It checks for cache search filters and
new technology, the system should allow the user to calculates the number of parameters that have been
add the appropriate skills. changed in the search filters. If the number of changed
parameters exceeds 30%, such a request is classified
Viewing an information means having access to as new. Such classification makes it possible to
profile list and job list. When selecting a particular recognize different types of queries, which in turn
profile, a user profile should be opened, indicating the makes each series of queries specialized and in the
student's skills list and general information about future will ensure the uniqueness of queries,
him/her. The list of user skills will be displayed in a uniqueness in the statistics of search queries. Fig. 1
table, each skill should contain all the necessary shows a search process using statistics:
11 Yu. Butsa

Fig. 1. Diagram the search process using statistics

 Student Web Portfolio Information Technology 12
The Admin panel is designed as a separate
DESCRIPTION OF THE LOGICAL STRUCTURE module. It provides the ability to edit data that cannot
be replaced otherwise. An administrator can block and
At the stage of system architecture design, it is delete users, delete portfolios and jobs, and view all
necessary to consider current requirements to the information on the site.
system and set possibilities for adding new
functionality in the future. For easy management of The diagram of classes (Fig. 3) of the Vacancy
the development process, it is necessary to divide the module is presented below.
project into separate components. The project will
consist of several parts (Fig. 2): The developed information technology
performs the following independent functions:
 wwwroot – static files (images and libraries); creation and updating of portfolios and vacancies, the
search of portfolios and vacancies, support of the site,
 Areas - contains isolated areas of code, as a rule, in particular, enables the possibility of adding new
contains Controllers, Models, Views components that skills to the system. The process of creating and
have standalone functionality; updating information is implicitly dependent on the
 Common – common constants used throughout the procedure of adding new skills, as over time the list of
project; technologies changes and without the ability to create
new skills, the technology developed will quickly
 Controllers – business logic execution, database become out of date.
queries, system change state;
 Data.Entities – system entities;
 Helpers –auxiliary mechanisms that make it easier to
write other program components;
 Migrations – database migration code;
 Models – data models used to deliver and collect data
from the graphic interface;
 Views – system’s graphic interface code;
 Startup.cs – a file with basic system settings;
 appsettings.json – configuration file.
In this template, projects are divided into 3
components that are interconnected, namely: model,
view, and controller. This template is used to separate
the data (Model) from the user interface (View) so that
changes to the user interface have as little impact on
the data, and changes in the model could be performed
without changes to the user interface.

The main modules of information technology

are Admin, Profile, Skill, Vacancy.

The Profile module includes the

implementation of viewing and editing a user profile,
as well as creating and editing a student's portfolio.

Skill and Vacancy modules have procedures for

viewing, creating, and editing information about skills
and jobs. These modules enable the creation, editing,
and viewing of relevant data. Skill is fully accessible
only by certified teachers and employers. These users
can view and validate new skills added by other site
users. Only employers have full access to Vacancy
module functionality. Only they can view, edit, and
delete (if necessary) the list of jobs they have created.
Also, these modules have a system search. Fig. 2. Project structure
13 Yu. Butsa

Fig. 3. Class diagram of Vacancy module

The PortfolioSkill is a connective table,

DATA STORAGE PECULIARITIES information in which reflects the relationship between
student portfolio and skills. The VacancySkill and
MS SQL is used to accumulate data in the SearchSkill tables show the relationship between
developed information technology. This DBMS has vacancies and skills and search statistics and skills that
many advantages, including simplicity in the first were used as filters. The SearchStatistic table stores
installation, deep integration with projects on the statistics for portfolio and job searches. This table
.NET platform, the ability to view data through a contains a unique ID, time stamp, user ID, and
graphical interface using Microsoft SQL Server statistics type (portfolio or job). The data in this table
Management Studio. A database schema was created is used by the intelligent search algorithm to improve
that included 15 related tables. Tables starting with information retrieval.
AspNet in their caption and _EFMigrationHistory
tables are created automatically. These tables store
user information and authorization and rights SELECTION AND JUSTIFICATION OF
information on the system. _EFMigrationHistory INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CREATION TOOLS
stores information about changes to the database
schema. To create an information technology with the
specified functionality, a website, mobile application
The Portfolio table is used to store student or PC application can be developed.
portfolio data. This table contains information about
the student group, their level of English proficiency, In our case, the advantages of the website usage
links to public repositories, as well as the optional are, among others, its low creation cost. Also,
description field, in which the student may leave a websites are accessible from almost any device, on
brief description of himself/herself. any operating system. The main requirement is to have
an installed browser and a working Internet
The Skill table contains information about a connection. The cost of developing such information
student's skills, that is, mastered technology, technology will be much cheaper than with other types
programming languages, and software. of software since development occurs immediately for
all platforms. One of the drawbacks of a website is its
 Student Web Portfolio Information Technology 14
poor performance, but this aspect should not be taken An important decision after choosing a
into account since today almost all gadgets have a programming language is to choose a framework for
large amount of computing power. We provide a creating the server part of the site. Among the popular
laconic interface that will not cause a significant load technologies are ASP.Net MVC / Web API and
on the devices used. ASP.Net Core MVC / Web API. These technologies
have many similarities, but there are also significant
differences. The Core technologies have been recently
WEB APPLICATION STRUCTURE
developed, all the positive features of a previous
technology were inherited, as well as some problems
The developed website has a typical structure, it were solved. These technologies support the
includes registration and authorization functions, the development and launch of more operating systems,
ability to view and modify data. For a more making it very promising in the future. Comparing the
productive, faster development process, we have used MVC and Web API, it's worth saying that the MVC-
the Bootstrap v4.1.3 style library, as well as the based technologies are primarily designed to build
jQuery v3.3.1 library and its add-on libraries. This set simple websites and provide functionality for both
of libraries helps greatly increase the speed of server and client-side development. At the same time,
development through ready-made methods and the Web API allows only the server-side to be
templates from which it is advisable to build developed, however, it has more mechanisms for
additional functionality. Another positive feature of specialized development. Considering all the positive
using these libraries is the ability to create websites and negative aspects of this technology, a decision
that look good on both a desktop computer and a was made in favor of ASP.Net Core MVC.
mobile device.
The .Net platform applications have several
All the necessary links are in the navigation bar ORM (Object-relational mapping) technologies for
(Fig. 4, Fig. 5), which allows you to quickly and working with databases:
conveniently navigate the pages of the website. The
list of links in the navigation pane changes according TABLE 1. OBJECT-RELATIONAL MAPPING TECHNOLOGIES
to the group of users and their rights. Entity
Dapper NHibernate
Framework Core
The Vacancies link points to a job search page, Support for the
and the Portfolios link points to a portfolio search Supports multiple Support almost all
most common
databases relational databases
page. In the System tab, the user can see a list of new databases
types of skills that are waiting for confirmation before Moderate
adding them to the main list of system skills. If the Very fast database Very slow database
database query
query development query development
current user is a teacher, an additional New users link development
will also be available to one and will lead to a page You need to know the
with listed new users that are waiting for confirmation. SQL instructions, as
No need to know No need to know
the developer needs to
SQL instructions SQL instructions
write queries to the
The e-mail tab links all the functionality needed database manually
to manage your own account, such as viewing and Low or medium
editing your own profile, changing your password, and performance
Moderate
more. depends on the Highest performance
performance
developer's
knowledge
Another tab that is only available to employers,
It is very simple
is Vacancies. This tab replaces the identical link and It is relatively
for beginner
contains more functionality, namely a link that leads Difficult to use, you easy to use but
developers, but it
need to independently has many
to the creation of a new job, that displays a list of jobs also has a large
develop an aspects for procedures and
and a job search page from all over the site. number of aspects
querying the database techniques for
for development in
learning
the future
THE SERVER PART STRUCTURE

Fig. 4. Navigation bar (student)

15 Yu. Butsa

Fig. 5. Navigation bar (teacher)

Among the database technologies described portfolios or vacancies that have all the selected
above, the best solution is Entity Framework Core. skills in their list of skills.
This technology supports MS SQL Database and
For better display of search results, a smart
enables rapid product development. So, as a server, we
search engine has been added. Each search query and
will use software created on the basis of ASP.Net Core
view of its user results is recorded in a history that
MVC framework. This technology works on the MVC
allows you to generate statistics. Then, based on this
(model – view – controller) model [19].
data, the search engine calculates which skill
combinations have the highest number of views and
DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT uses this information to sort the search results
according to the most requested combinations of
Crucial characteristics of Microsoft Visual skills.
Studio 2019 and Rider environments were compared
for the project development (see Table 2). USER INSTRUCTION
TABLE 2. CHARACTERISTICS OF DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENTS
The created information technology allows
Microsoft Visual Studio 2019 Rider
Paid versions of the
working for different groups of users: students,
Free version available teachers, and employers. The instructions for using
environment only
The amount of functionality There is a lot of this system differ for each user group.
depends on the version selected, functionality, but new
and for an additional fee, you can versions of this environment A feature common to all user groups is the
install additional extensions that always come out later than a registration process, managing your account, as well
greatly increase the functionality competitor
Optimized, it has better a as searching for portfolios and jobs on the system.
It requires a lot of resources for After logging in, the user will receive an email
performance compared to its
its operation
competitor confirmation email and will be directed to their profile
page after authorization. If the created user is a
student, they will be asked to complete their portfolio.
The above development environments are one
of the best environments among many technologies. The student must fill in all required fields. The
Considering the list of advantages and disadvantages completed portfolio is added to the search engine by
of these programs, it was decided to choose Visual checking Make visible in the search system tick.
Studio, since this environment has a free version for
system development. On the user profile page one can see all the
necessary information, ie. portfolio, job listing, as well
The job search and portfolio search process is as additional information (who validated the user,
one of the most important components of the created checked this portfolio, and more). At this point, the
information technology. Searching is done through student user should contact the faculty to confirm the
filters, and search results are made more accurate by account on the website and the created account, to
using a neural network. The search options are: have full access to the functionality of the system.

 English level, when the selected value is translated On the portfolio (Fig. 6) and vacancies (Fig. 7)
into a numeric variable (the higher the English search pages users can search information according to
proficiency, the greater the numerical value), and their needs. For better search performance, one should
the search is performed among a portfolio with a use search filters. With smart search, in the first search
given English proficiency level or higher. For results, the neural network displays portfolios or job
example, if you select English level Medium: B1 – openings that are of interest to the current user. Neural
Intermediate – the search result will be all network decisions, first of all, are based onstatistics of
portfolios or vacancies with that English level and search and views of the user, and if it is a new user,
above; then the general trend is the combination of filters
collected from all users of the site.
 Skill is a list of skills that should be in the required
portfolio. The search results will include all
 Student Web Portfolio Information Technology 16

Fig. 6. Portfolio search page

A useful addition to the system is its ability to necessary for correcting erroneous data in the system,
adapt to change through user experience. The list of managing users, viewing all system information and
system skills can be updated, so if the current list of more.
skills does not have new technology that the user
wants to include in his portfolio or job, the user can During testing of the developed information
add it independently. Such functionality is available to technology the following functions were tested:
all validated users of the system. One can view a list registration, logging in, filling in the profile, viewing
of currently awaiting confirmations. Once the added profile, editing profile, adding new skills, editing,
skill is validated by teachers or employers, it will changing, deleting skills, identity verification, skills
appear in the mail list of skills. verification, portfolio search, job search. All tests
included checking for access by users who did not
For the users of the Teachers group there is an have access to the tested functionality. Separately,
additional tab New users. On this page, teachers can SoupUI was used to test the security of the system. In
see all the users who are waiting for their identity to this software, one can make requests to a web server
be confirmed. of any complexity. Possible settings include query
types such as POST and GET, Cookie, Header, and
Another important component of virtually any Local / Session Storage settings.
system is the admin panel. This mechanism is
17 Yu. Butsa

Fig. 7. Job search page

improve the process of finding relevant information for

CONCLUSIONS employers in the IT industry. Existing information
technologies of accounting of professional skills of IT
Electronic portfolios have become a popular specialists, their advantages and disadvantages were
alternative to paper portfolios as they provide the analyzed. Models are developed and basic
ability to view, communicate and provide feedback requirements for the created information technology
asynchronously. Using electronic portfolios by IT were set. The logical model of the system and the
students enables reflecting their work, an online model of system usage were developed. A portfolio
student portfolio can be shared with a potential and job search algorithm has been developed, the
employer or used to keep record the achievement of a algorithm takes into account preview statistics,
program or course of study. displays the most relevant portfolios initially, and
personalizes jobs for each user.
The author designed and developed components
of information technology designed to improve the To implement the developed system in the
accounting of students' professional skills and to activities of educational institutions that train IT
 Student Web Portfolio Information Technology 18
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