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Problem Solving IT

The document discusses problem solving and program design in information technology, outlining the problem solving process which involves defining the problem, proposing and evaluating solutions, and implementing and reviewing the best solution. It also covers breaking problems down into input, process, output, and storage components using an IPOS chart and defines identifiers like variables and constants.

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29 views3 pages

Problem Solving IT

The document discusses problem solving and program design in information technology, outlining the problem solving process which involves defining the problem, proposing and evaluating solutions, and implementing and reviewing the best solution. It also covers breaking problems down into input, process, output, and storage components using an IPOS chart and defines identifiers like variables and constants.

Uploaded by

learningarabic1238
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Information Technology

Section 7: Problem-Solving and Program Design

Introduction to Problem Solving

What is a Problem?
Defined as a situation or task that needs to be solved.

What is Problem Solving?


A process which involves finding the most appropriate solution to a specific problem.

PHASES OF THE PROBLEM SOLVING PROCESS

• The Problem Definition/ Algorithm Phase


The Algorithm Phase consists of the steps in the Problem Solving Process
• The Implementation Phase
This phase consists of two steps:
1. Translate the algorithm (from the algorithm phase) into a programming language
such as Pascal, C C++.
2. Test the program to ensure that it produces the correct result.

STEPS IN THE PROBLEM SOLVING PROCESS


1) Definition of the Problem
2) Propose and Evaluate Solutions
3) Determine the most efficient solution
4) Develop and represent algorithm
5) Test and Validate Solution
6) Implement and Review

Page 1
BREAKING DOWN A PROBLEM
All Problems can be broken down into 4 significant parts:
❑ INPUT
❑ PROCESS
❑ OUTPUT
❑ STORAGE

This creates the IPOS Chart


THE IPOS CHART

I P O S

Breaking down the problem into four key components:


1) What is given (input)
2) The tasks that must be performed (processing)
3) The expected results (output)
4) What should be stored (storage)

KEYWORDS ASSOCIATED WITH IPOS CHARTS

INPUT
GET, ACCEPT, READ, INPUT

PROCESS
LET, ASSIGN, SET

OUTPUT
DISPLAY, WRITE, PRINT, OUTPUT

STORAGE – (Name of ALL variables used)

Page 2
WHAT IS AN IDENTIFIER?
Computers use memory to store data and information. Each data item being entered must
be stored in a location in the computer’s memory. This is called an Identifier.

There are two Identifiers:


• Variables
• Constants

A variable is an area of storage whose value can change during processing.


Sum = num1 + num2

A constant consists of a value that never changes.

Page 3

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