Binomial Expansion SL [41 marks]
1. 22N.2.SL.TZ0.6
[6]
Markscheme
Note: Do not award any marks if there is clear evidence of adding instead of
multiplying, for example Cr9+ax9-r+1r.
valid approach for expansion (must be the product of a binomial coefficient
with n=9 and a power of ax ) (M1)
Cr9ax9-r1r OR C9-r9axr19-r OR C09ax019+C19ax118+…
recognizing that the term in x 6 is needed (M1)
6
Term in x 4
2
=k x OR r =6 OR r =3 OR 9−r=6
21 x
correct term or coefficient in binomial expansion (seen anywhere) (A1)
C69ax613 OR C39a6x6 OR 84 ( a6 x 6 ) ( 1 ) OR 84 a6
EITHER
correct term in x 4 or coefficient (may be seen in equation) (A1)
C6921a6x4 OR 4 a6 x 4 OR 4 a6
8 5 4 8 5
Set their term in x 4 or coefficient of x 4 equal to a x or a (do not accept other
7 7
powers of x ) (M1)
6 8 5
C3921a6x4=87a5x4 OR 4 a = a
7
OR
correct term in x 6 or coefficient of x 6 (may be seen in equation) (A1)
6 6 6
84 a x OR 84 a
set their term in x 6 or coefficient of x 6 equal to 24 a5 x 6 or 24 a5 (do not accept
other powers of x ) (M1)
6 6 5 6
84 a x =24 a x OR 84 a=24
THEN
2
a= ≈ 0.286 ( 0.285714 … ) A1
7
2
Note: Award A0 for the final mark for a= and a=0.
7
[6 marks]
2. 22M.1.SL.TZ1.9
(a.i)
[2]
Markscheme
EITHER
attempt to use binomial expansion (M1)
1+C13×1×-a+C23×1×-a2+1×-a3
OR
( 1−a ) ( 1−a )( 1−a )
¿ ( 1−a ) ( 1−2 a+ a ) 2
(M1)
THEN
2 3
¿ 1−3 a +3 a −a A1
[2 marks]
(a.ii)
[4]
Markscheme
a=cos 2 x (A1)
So, 1−3 cos 2 x +3 cos 2 2 x−cos 3 2 x=¿
( 1−cos 2 x )3 A1
attempt to substitute any double angle rule for cos 2 x into ( 1−cos 2 x )3
(M1)
3
¿ ( 2 sin x )
2
A1
6
¿ 8 sin x AG
Note: Allow working RHS to LHS.
[4 marks]
3. 22M.1.SL.TZ2.6
(a)
[2]
Markscheme
EITHER
recognises the required term (or coefficient) in the expansion (M1)
bx5=C27x512 OR b=C27 OR C57
b=
7!
¿
( 7!
2! 5 ! 2! (7−2 ) ! )
correct working A1
7 ×6 ×5 × 4 × 3× 2× 1 7 ×6 42
OR OR
2 ×1 ×5 × 4 ×3 ×2 ×1 2! 2
OR
lists terms from row 7 of Pascal’s triangle (M1)
1 ,7 ,21 , … A1
THEN
b=21 AG
[2 marks]
(b)
[5]
Markscheme
a=7 (A1)
correct equation A1
6 4 6 4
5 a x +35 x 7 x +35 x
21 x = OR 21 x5 =
2 2
correct quadratic equation A1
2 2
7 x −42 x +35=0 OR x −6 x +5=0 (or equivalent)
valid attempt to solve their quadratic (M1)
6 ± √ (−6 ) −4 ( 1 )( 5 )
2
( x−1 ) ( x−5 )=0 OR x=
2 (1 )
x=1 , x=5 A1
Note: Award final A0 for obtaining x=0 , x=1 , x=5.
[5 marks]
4. 21M.1.SL.TZ2.4
[5]
Markscheme
EITHER attempt to use the binomial expansion of ( x +k )7 (M1)
C07x7k0+C17x6k1+C27x5k2+… (or C07k7x0+C17k5x1+C27k5x2+…)
identifying the correct term C27x5k2 (or C57k2x5) (A1) OR attempt to
use the general term Cr7xrk7-r (or Cr7krx7-r) (M1) r =2 (or r =5)
(A1) THEN C27=21 (or C57=21 (seen anywhere) (A1)
21 x5 k 2 =63 x5 ( 21 k 2=63 ,k 2=3 )
A1 k =± √ 3 A1 Note: If working
shown, award M1A1A1A1A0 for k =√ 3. [5 marks]
5. 21M.2.SL.TZ1.6
[5]
Markscheme
METHOD 1 product of a binomial coefficient, a power of 3 (and a power of x 2)
seen (M1) evidence of correct term chosen (A1) C2n+1×3n+1-
2×x22 =nn+12×3n-1×x4 OR n−r=1 equating their coefficient to 20412 or their
term to 20412 x 4 (M1) EITHER C2n+1×3n-1=20412 (A1) OR
Crr+2×3r=20412⇒r=6 (A1) THEN n=7 A1
( )
2 n +1 2
n +1 x x
METHOD 2 3 1+ product of a binomial coefficient, and a power of
3 3
1
OR seen (M1) evidence of correct term chosen (A1)
3
( )( )
2
n +1 n ( n+1 ) x 2 3
n−1
4
3 × × ¿ n ( n+1 ) x equating their coefficient to 20412 or their
2! 3 2
n−1 n ( n+1 )
term to 20412 x 4 (M1) 3 × =20412 (A1) n=7 A1 [5
2
marks]
6. 20N.2.SL.TZ0.S_5
[6]
Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
valid approach for expansion (must have correct substitution for parameters, but
accept an incorrect value for r ). (M1)
() ( ) () ( ) () ( )
r 1 2
9 ( 2 )9−r −k ( 2 )9 9 ( 2 )8 −k 9 2 7 −k
eg 3x , 3x + 3x + (3 x ) +… valid attempt
r x 1 x 2 x
r 9−r
to identify correct term (M1) eg 2 ( 9−r )−r =6 , ( x 2) ( x−1 ) =x 6 identifying
correct term (may be indicated in expansion) (A1) eg r =4 ,r =5 correct
term or coefficient in binominal expansion (A1) eg
() ( ) ( )
4 4
9 ( 2 )5 −k 10 k
, 126 ( 243 x ) 4 ,30618 k correct equation in k
4
3x (A1) eg
4 x x
()
9
4
2
( 243 ) ( k 4 ) x 6=6048 x 6 , 30618 k 4 =6048 k = (exact) 0.667
3
A1 N3 Note:
Do not award A1 if additional answers given. [6 marks]
7. 19N.1.SL.TZ0.S_4
(a)
[2]
Markscheme
11!
valid approach (M1) eg 11−a=9, a=2 A1 N2 [2 marks]
9 ! ( 11−9 ) !
(b)
[4]
Markscheme
valid approach for expansion using n=11 (M1) eg (11r ) x 11−r r
3,
a b+
11
( 111)a b +(112) a b +… evidence of choosing correct term A1 eg
0 10 1 9 2
(112) 3 , (112) x 3 , (119) 3 correct working for binomial coefficient (seen anywhere,
2 9 2 2
A1 eg 55, ( ) =55, 55 ×3 , ( 55 ×9 ) x
11 2 9
do not accept factorials)
2
11×10
, × 9 495 A1 N2 Note: If there is clear evidence of adding instead of
2
multiplying, award A1 for the correct working for binomial coefficient, but no other
marks. For example, 55 x 9 × 32 would earn M0A0A1A0. Do not award final A1 for
a final answer of 495 x 9, even if 495 is seen previously. If no working shown,
award N1 for 495 x 9 . [4 marks]
© International Baccalaureate Organization, 2023
