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Decorator Pattern

The decorator pattern allows adding new functionality to existing objects without changing their structure. The document implements the decorator pattern by creating shape objects that can be decorated with a red border, demonstrating how new behaviors can be added while keeping class methods intact.

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Natalia B.
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23 views

Decorator Pattern

The decorator pattern allows adding new functionality to existing objects without changing their structure. The document implements the decorator pattern by creating shape objects that can be decorated with a red border, demonstrating how new behaviors can be added while keeping class methods intact.

Uploaded by

Natalia B.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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15/01/24, 11:50 Design Patterns - Decorator Pattern

Design Patterns - Decorator Pattern

Decorator pattern allows a user to add new functionality to an existing object without
altering its structure. This type of design pattern comes under structural pattern as
this pattern acts as a wrapper to existing class.

This pattern creates a decorator class which wraps the original class and provides
additional functionality keeping class methods signature intact.

We are demonstrating the use of decorator pattern via following example in which
we will decorate a shape with some color without alter shape class.

Implementation
We're going to create a Shape interface and concrete classes implementing the
Shape interface. We will then create an abstract decorator class ShapeDecorator
implementing the Shape interface and having Shape object as its instance variable.

RedShapeDecorator is concrete class implementing ShapeDecorator.

DecoratorPatternDemo, our demo class will use RedShapeDecorator to decorate


Shape objects.

Step 1
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15/01/24, 11:50 Design Patterns - Decorator Pattern

Create an interface.

Shape.java

public interface Shape {


void draw();
}

Step 2
Create concrete classes implementing the same interface.

Rectangle.java

public class Rectangle implements Shape {

@Override
public void draw() {
System.out.println("Shape: Rectangle");
}
}

Circle.java

public class Circle implements Shape {

@Override
public void draw() {
System.out.println("Shape: Circle");
}
}

Step 3
Create abstract decorator class implementing the Shape interface.

ShapeDecorator.java

public abstract class ShapeDecorator implements Shape {


protected Shape decoratedShape;

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public ShapeDecorator(Shape decoratedShape){


this.decoratedShape = decoratedShape;
}

public void draw(){


decoratedShape.draw();
}
}

Step 4
Create concrete decorator class extending the ShapeDecorator class.

RedShapeDecorator.java

public class RedShapeDecorator extends ShapeDecorator {

public RedShapeDecorator(Shape decoratedShape) {


super(decoratedShape);
}

@Override
public void draw() {
decoratedShape.draw();
setRedBorder(decoratedShape);
}

private void setRedBorder(Shape decoratedShape){


System.out.println("Border Color: Red");
}
}

Step 5
Use the RedShapeDecorator to decorate Shape objects.

DecoratorPatternDemo.java

public class DecoratorPatternDemo {


public static void main(String[] args) {

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Shape circle = new Circle();

Shape redCircle = new RedShapeDecorator(new Circle());

Shape redRectangle = new RedShapeDecorator(new Rectangle());


System.out.println("Circle with normal border");
circle.draw();

System.out.println("\nCircle of red border");


redCircle.draw();

System.out.println("\nRectangle of red border");


redRectangle.draw();
}
}

Step 6
Verify the output.

Circle with normal border


Shape: Circle

Circle of red border


Shape: Circle
Border Color: Red

Rectangle of red border


Shape: Rectangle
Border Color: Red

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