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Comparative Genomics

The document discusses comparative genomics and its applications in microbial research. Comparative genomics involves comparing genome sequences of different organisms to understand evolution, diversity, and functional differences. It is used to study pathogen evolution and ecology of microbial communities. Alignment methods are used to identify genetic variations among sequences.

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Altaf Hussain
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18 views11 pages

Comparative Genomics

The document discusses comparative genomics and its applications in microbial research. Comparative genomics involves comparing genome sequences of different organisms to understand evolution, diversity, and functional differences. It is used to study pathogen evolution and ecology of microbial communities. Alignment methods are used to identify genetic variations among sequences.

Uploaded by

Altaf Hussain
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COMPARATIVE AND

FUNCTIONAL
GENOMICS
APPLICATION TO
MICROBIAL
RESEARCH

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Genomics Research is aimed at
• DNA/RNA Sequencing (Whole Genome and
Targeted Sequences)
• Analyzing the structure and function of the DNA
• Identifying the genes and their functions
• Studying gene expression and regulation
• Analyzing genetic variation and mutations.
Understanding the genetic basis of traits, and
diseases across species and developing new
treatments and therapies based on this knowledge.
What is Comparative Genomics:
This is a field of biological research in which the genome sequences of different
organisms (humans, mouse, and a wide variety of other organisms from bacteria
to chimpanzees) are compared. It could be a comparison between the same or
different species or t h e same specie but different strains as in the case of
microbial organisms.
RESEARCH APPLICATIONS OF
COMPARATIVE GENOMICS
MICROBES:
• Comparative genomics is used to understand the evolution and diversity of bacterial and
viral pathogens that cause disease in humans and animals. This information can be used to
develop new treatments and vaccines to combat these pathogens.
• Comparative genomics is also used to study the evolution and ecology of microbial
communities in different environments, such as soil, water, and the human gut. This can
help us understand how microbes interact with each other and their environment, and
how they contribute to important processes like nutrient cycling and carbon fixation.
RESEARCH APPLICATIONS OF
COMPARATIVE GENOMICS
BIOINFORMATICS DATA ANALYSIS WORKFLOW
❖ Data retrieval from the database (NCBI)
❖ Some software tools for comparative genomics
❖ General properties table (research paper concept)
❖ Genome assembly/genome annotation (Web servers)
❖ Bacteria genome annotation for real data
❖ Lazt alignment for conserved regions and unique genes
❖ Pan-genome/evolutionary study
ALIGNMENT METHOD
Genome alignment is the process of comparing two or more DNA sequences, typically the
complete genome of an organism or a large segment of it, to identify similarities and differences.
The goal of genome alignment is to identify the positions and types of genetic variation among
sequences, which can reveal important information about evolutionary relationships, functional
differences, and disease susceptibility. Genome alignment can be performed using a variety of
computational methods, such as sequence alignment algorithms, whole-genome assembly tools,
and comparative genomics software.
PAN-GENOMICS AND
EVOLUTIONARY STUDY

Pan-genomics involves presenting an entire set


of genes from different strains within a clad. It
could be set of genes shared among all
organisms as well as species or strain-
specific genes while evolution here involves the
genomic comparison of different strains of the
same species, or even genus based on
evolutionary changes.
CAPACITY BUILDING
Impact Outreach Program to Institutions and
Partnership with Academic Stakeholders

01 02

Our global impact outreach we have established partnerships


program aims to empower with academic institutions to
the next generation of support final year research
scientists through projects for undergraduates,
workshops, training, and masters, PhD students, and even
mentorship programs lecturers

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