Chemical Bonding Sheet Solution3546

ENTHUSE
IIT CHEMISTRY
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
CHEMICAL BONDING (HINT AND SOLUTIONS)
H.O. 92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) Mob. 97831-97831, 70732-22177, Ph. 0744-2423333
CHEMICAL BONDING
EXERCISE # I
WEAK FORCES
1. The correct order of boiling point of NCl3, NClF2, NF3 is :
(A) NCl3 > NClF2 > NF3 (B) NCl3 < NClF2 < NF3
(C) NClF2 < NCl3 < NF3 (D) NCl3 < NF3 < NClF2
Ans. (A)
Sol. On the basis of molecular mass.
2. Which of the following option is correct about Boiling point ?

(A) C3F8 < C3H8 (B) CH4 < CF4 (C) C2H6 > C2F6 (D) CF4< CH4
Ans. (B)
Sol. B.P.  molecular weight
3. At room temperature, iodine is solid, Bromine is liquid and chlorine exist in gaseous phase due
to following factor:
(A) Surface area (B) Molecular volume
(C) Ease of polarisation (D) All of these
Ans. (D)
Sol. Iodine is Solid, Bromine is Liquid and chlorine is in gas phase due to  Surface area, Molecular
volume and high Tendency high of polarization.
4. Graphite is used as lubricant in high temperature machinery because:

(A) Hexagonal layers slide over each other.
(B) In between two layer Vandar Waal Force is present.
(C) Both A & B
(D) None
Ans. (C)
Sol. Graphite used as dry lubricant due to the vanderwaal force which exist between two hexagonal
ring.
\\chemistry-3\G\SESSION-20-21\IOC\ENTHUSE\CHEMICAL BONDING
5. Dipole-induced dipole interaction depends upon

(A) size of polarisable particle (B) dipole moment of permanent dipole
(C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of these
Ans. (C)
Sol. "Both the factor are responsible for such type of interaction‖.
6. Which of the following interaction is responsible for the formation of clathrates compounds:
(A) Instantaneous dipole-induced dipole interaction
(B) Ion-dipole interaction
(C) Dipole-dipole interaction
(D) Dipole-induced dipole interaction
Ans. (D)
Sol. Clatherate compounds are formed due to dipole induced dipole interaction
H.O. 92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) Mob. 97831-97831, 70732-22177, Ph. 0744-2423333 1
www.nucleuseducation.in
CHEMICAL BONDING
7. Which of the following statement is correct ?
(A) Noble gases are insoluble in water.
(B) The solubility of noble gases in water is fairly high due to London dispersion force.
(C) The solubility of noble gases increases with the decrease in size of the noble gas atom.
(D) The solubility of noble gases in water is fairly high due to dipole- induced dipole
interaction.
Ans. (D)
Sol. The solubility of noble gases in water is due dipole- induced dipole interaction
8. Which of the following interaction is present in Xe6H2O

(A) Keesom force (B) Debye force (C) Ion-dipole (D) None of these
Ans. (B)
Sol. A clathrate is a chemical substance consisting of a lattice that traps or contains molecules. The
Debye force is responsible for such type of compound formation.
BENT'S RULE AND DRAGO'S
9. Which of the following order of bond angle is CORRECT.

(A) NH3 < PH3 < AsH3 < SbH3 (B) H2O < H2S < H2Se < H2Te
(C) OF2 < H2O < Cl2O (D) SiF4 < SiCl4 < SiBr4 < SiI4
Ans. (C)
Sol. as the electronegativity of terminal atom increases, the bond angle decreases but in case of
Cl2O their is sterric repulsion.
10. Calculate the percentage of p character in the orbital occupied by the lone pair of electrons in
 is 104. 5 and cos (104.5º) = –0.25]

water molecule.[Given : HOH
(A) 80% (B) 20% (C) 70% (D) 75%
Ans. (C)
s
Sol. Cos 
s 1
%s = 30%
 = 104.5 %p = 70%
Cos(104.5) = –0.25 %s = 20%
H H %p = 80%
s
0.25 
s 1
s = 20%
(This is the % s-character hold by bonded atom)
CHEMICAL BONDING
11. Which of the following statement is correct for F3C – CF2 – CF3 ?
(A) All C–F bond lengths are identical .
(B) Two C–F bond attached to middle carbon atom are longer as compared to the other C–F
bond at the terminal carbon.
(C) Two C–F bonds attached to the middle carbon atom are shorter as compared to the other
C–F bond at the terminal carbon.
(D) None of these
Ans. (B)
F F F
Sol. F–C–C–C–F
F F F
%p character increases more

In the middle C–F bond %p character increases more than in comparison with the terminal C–F
bonds.
12. The correct order of dC–H in the following option is

(A) CHF3 = CH2F2 = CH3F (B) CHF3 > CH2F2 > CH3F
(C) CH2F2 > CH3F > CHF3 (D) CH3F > CH2F2 > CHF3
Ans. (D)
Sol. As the %p character increases in C–F bond the %p character decreases in C–H bond. Hence
bond long the decreases.
13. The strongest P–O bond is found in the molecule

(A) F3PO (B) Cl3PO (C) Br3PO (D) (CH3)3PO
Ans. (A)
Sol. In case of F3PO, Fluorine atom is more electronegativity So % p-character is more due to
which P = O Bond has higher % s – character, So stronger will be the bond.
14. Consider the following compounds :

(I) ClF3 (II) BrF3

The order of the angles between axial and equatorial bond pairs is
(A) I > II (B) I < II (C) I = II (D) none
Ans. (A)
Sol.  Order of angle Between axial and equatorial Bond pair:
ClF3 > Br F3
―as electronegativity of central atom increases, Bond angle also decreases‖
15. Out of C2H6, C2H4 and C2H2. Compound which have highest C-C bond length is :-
(A) C2H4 (B) C2H2
(C) C2H6 (D) All have equal C-C bond length
Ans. (C)
Sol. "In case of C2H6, the bond order between carbon-carbon is one, So it has higher bond length"
CHEMICAL BONDING
16. The correct sequence for polarity of the following molecule
1. Benzene 2. Inorganic Benzene 3. PCl3F2 4. PCl2F3
(P stands for polar and NP stands for non–polar)
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
(A) P NP NP P (B) NP NP NP P
(C) NP P NP P (D) NP P P NP
Ans. (B)
H H
H B H
H C H N N
C C
Sol. (1) (2) H B B
C C N H
H C H
H
H B3N3H6
C6H6 ;  = 0 (NP) Inorganic benzene
 = 0 (N.P.)
F F
Cl Cl
(3) Cl P (4) F P
Cl Cl
F F
PCl3F2 ;   0 (N.P.) PCl2F3 ;   0 (Polor)
17. N2H4 reacts with conc. H2SO4 to produce a salt [NH3 –NH3]+2SO4–2 in which.
(A) dN–N (salt) > dN–N (N2H4) (B) dN–N (salt) < dN–N (N2H4 )
(C) dN–N (salt) = dN–N (N2H4) (D) Cannot be predicted
Ans. (B)
H H H + + H
N—N H N—N H
Sol. H H
H H
dN–N(N2H4) > dN–N(salt)
BACK BONDING
18. The approximate hybridisation of the oxygen atom in disiloxane, (SiH3)2O, is-
(A) sp2 (B) sp3 (C) sp (D) sp3d
Ans. (A)
Sol. Due to 2p-3d Back Bonding the lone pair of electron on oxygen-atom involve in Back
Bonding hence its hybridization is sp2.
SiH3 SiH3
CHEMICAL BONDING
19. Which of the following will not form adduct ?
(A) (CH3)2O + BF3 (B) (SiH3)2O + BF3 (C) NH3 + BF3 (D) CH3NH2 + BF3
Ans. (B)
Sol. (SiH3)2O is example of 2p–3d Back Bonding hence it is a weaker lewis base and lesser
tendency to atom form adduct with BF3.
20. Select the correct statement about the reaction

BF3 + NH3  BF3.NH3
(A) Octet of 'N' is incomplete in product
(B) Octet of boron is complete in product
(C) During the reaction total number of sigma bonds remain same in the reactant as well as in
the product
(D) Type of -bond between boron and nitrogen is 2p – 2p
Ans. (B)
Sol. BF3 + :NH3  NH3: BF3
―Since Boron has vacant p-orbital and due to this Sigma coordinate Bond its octet of Boron is
completed in product‖.
21. Which of the following has highest bond energy ?

(A) C-F in (CF4) (B) C-Cl in (CCl4) (C) C-Br in (CBr4) (D) B-F in (BF3)
Ans. (D)
Sol. In BF3, there is 2p – 2p Back Bonding hence it has higher Bond energy compare to other.
22. The incorrect statement regarding O(SiH3)2 and OCl2 molecule is/are :
(A) The strength of back bonding is more in O(SiH3)2 molecule than OCl2 molecule
 —Si bond angle in O(SiH3)2 is greater than Cl— O
(B) Si— O  —Cl bond angle in OCl2
(C) The nature of back bond in both molecules is 2p – 3d

(D) Hybridisation of central O-atom in both molecules is same
Ans. (D)
Sol. The hybridisation in OCl2 and O(SiH3)2 is not same due to feeble back bonding in OCl2
23. The direction of back bonding from surrounding atom to central atom is observed in which of
the following compound
(A) CCl3 (B) C(CN)3 (C) :CCl2 (D) [B(OH)4]–
Ans. (C)
Sol. : CCl2 is the only molecule in which back bonding occur form surrounding to central atom.
CHEMICAL BONDING
MULTICENTERED BOND / BRIDGE BONDING
24. Which of the following molecule has 3C – 4e- bond ?
(A) Al2Cl6 (B) Be2Cl4
(C) I2Cl6 (D) All are having 3C – 4e- bond
Ans. (D)
Sol. Since in all the above molecule terminal atom has lone pair so they form 3C–4eBond.
25. In which of the following molecules/species all following characteristics are found ?
(a) Tetrahedral hybridisation
(b) Hybridisation can be considered to have taken place with the help of empty orbital(s).
(c) All bond lengths are identical i.e. all A–B bond lengths are identical.
(A) B2H6 (B) Al2Cl6 (C) BeCl2 (g) (D) BF4–
Ans. (D)
F
Sol. B
F F
F
-sp3, tetrahedral
-vacant orbital participate in hybridisation
- all B.L. are same
26. The number of three centre two electron bonds in a molecule of diborane is :-
(A) 0 (B) 2 (C) 4 (D) 6
Ans. (B)
Sol. Number of 3C–2e in diborane = 2.
27. Which of the following ligand is not responsible for symmetrical bond cleavage in B2H6 ?
(A) Me2S (B) H– (C) THF (D) NH3
Ans. (D)
Sol. Reactant which do not have tendency to form hydrogen bond give symmetrical clevage with
diborane.
28. Which of the following have both 3c–2e and 2c–2e type of bond ?
(A) BeH2(s) (B) BeCl2(s) (C) Al2H6 (D) Si2Cl6
Ans. (C)
H Cl Cl
Sol. Be Be Be Be Be
H Cl Cl
n n
Cl Cl
H H H
Al Al Cl—Si—Si—Cl
H H H
Cl Cl
CHEMICAL BONDING
-
29. Which of the following molecule have 3C–4e bond as well as planar geometry ?
(A) Al2Br6 (B) Al2I6 (C) I2Cl6 (D) (AlH3)n
Ans. (C)
Sol. ICl3 do not exist. It always exist in form of dimer with 3C–4e bond.
Cl Cl Cl
I I
Cl Cl Cl
-sp3d2
- planar
SILICATE
30. A cyclic silicate anion is represented as [Si3O9]n–. The value of 'n' is
(A) 3 (B) 4 (C) 6 (D) 8
Ans. (C)
Sol. Cyclic silicate anion is Si3 O96
31. In which of following silicate structure, the number of corner shared per tetrahedron is '2'.
(A) Four membered cyclic silicate (B) Pyrosilicate
(C) Orthosilicate (D) 2D-Silicate
Ans. (A)
O– O–
Si Si
O –
O O–
Sol. O– O–
Pyrosilicate
32. If four SiO4 units are forming single chain type arrangement then find the total number of
unshared 'O' atom.
(A) 10 (B) 6 (C) 2 (D) 8
Ans. (A)
Sol. Four SiO4 unit in form of single chain silicates:-
Total unshared oxygen atom = 10
CHEMICAL BONDING
33. Thortvetite, Sc2Si2O7 is :
(A) a pyrosilicate (B) a sheet silicate (C) an orthosilicate (D) an amphibole silicate
Ans. (A)
Sol. It contain Si 2O72 unit.
ODD ELECTRON SPECIES

34. Find the odd electron specie in which odd electron is present in pure 'p' atomic orbital.
   
(A) NO 2 (B) ClO 2 (C) CF3 (D) CH 3
Ans. (D)

Sol. In case of C H3 only the odd electron present in pure p-orbital as the electronegativity of
terminal atom is less with respect to central atom.
HYDROLYSIS
35. Which of the following is an uncommon hydrolysis product of XeF2 and XeF4?
(A) Xe (B) XeO3 (C) HF (D) O2
Ans. (B)
Sol. XeF2 + H2O  Xe + O2 + HF
XeF4 + H2O  Xe + XeO3 + HF + O2
36. In which of the following reactions is INCORRECT according to its products formed.
(A) PCl3 + 3H2O  H3PO3 + 3HCl (B) NCl3 + 3H2O  NH3 + 3HOCl
(C) ICl + H2O  HClO + HI (D) N2O4 + H2O  HNO3 + HNO2
Ans. (C)
Sol. I+Cl – + H2O  HCl + IOH
37. Which of the following compound produce only oxyacid on hydrolysis :-

(A) IF7 (B) XeF6 (C) P4O6 (D) CrO2Cl2
Ans. (C)
Sol. IF7 + H2O  HIO4 + 7HF
XeF4 + H2O  XeO3 + 6HF
P4O6 + H2O  4H3PO3
CrO2Cl2 + H2O  H2CrO4 + 2HCl
CHEMICAL BONDING
38. Which of the following compound does not undergoes in partial hydrolysis ?
(A) BF3 (B) SiF4 (C) SbCl3 (D) NCl3
Ans. (D)
Sol. NF3 does not hydrolysed via SN2 due to absence of vacant orbital on central atom.
NF3 undergo complete hydrolysis at drastic condition by SN1 mechanism.
39. The correct increasing order of extent of hydrolysis is :
(A) CCl4 < MgCl2 < AlCl3 < SiCl4 < PCl5 (B) CCl4 < AlCl3 < MgCl2 < PCl5 < SiCl4
(C) CCl4 < SiCl4 < PCl5 < AlCl3 < MgCl2 (D) CCl4 < PCl5 < SiCl4 < AlCl3 < MgCl2
Ans. (A)
Sol. As positive charge on central atom increases  extent of hydrolysis increases
CCl4 does not hydrolysed.
40. XeF6 on complete hydrolysis gives:

(A) Xe (B) XeO2 (C) XeO3 (D) XeO4
Ans. (C)
Sol. XeF6 + O2  XeO3 + HF
MOLECULE DOES NOT EXIST
41. Which of the following molecule does not exist ?
(A) PbI2 (B) VI3 (C) ClF7 (D) CuI
Ans. (C)
Sol. ClF7 does not exist because of steric hindrance.
INERT PAIR EFFECT

42. Which of the following statements is incorrect?
(A) Oxidizing power order : SiCl4 < SnCl4 < PbCl4
(B) Ionic character order : CsBr > RbBr > KBr > NaBr > LiBr
(C) The ionic character of lead(II) halides decreases with increase in atomic no. of halogen
(D) The oxidation state of Tl in TlI3 is +3.
Ans. (D)
Sol. Tl I3 exists as Tl+ and I3–
43. Statement-1: Hg22+ is good oxdising agent

Statement-2: 6s electrons are strongly attracted towards nucleus of Hg, due to poor shielding
of 4f electrons
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for
statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for
statement-1
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
Ans. (A)
Sol. Both the statements are correct.
CHEMICAL BONDING
44. Statement-1: SnCl4 doesn't exist and converts into SnCl2 and Cl2 spontaneously at room
temperature
Statement-2: SnCl4 is more stable than SnCl2.
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for
statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for
statement-1
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
Ans. (D)
Sol. In group 14 on moving down the group stability of higher oxidation state decreases.
―In case of Tin SnCl4 is more stable compare to SnCl2 while in case of lead PbCl2 more Stable
than PbCl4 due to inert Pair effect‖.
IONIC COMPOUND
45. Which of the following substance has the largest negative lattice enthalpy ?
(A) NaCl (B) CaBr2 (C) NaBr (D) CaCl2
Ans. (D)
q1q 2
Sol. Lattice energy   CaCl2 has largest negative lattice energy.
(r1  r2 )
46. Choose the correct code for the following statements.

I. The (–)ve value of H for the dissolution of ionic compound is enough to predict the
compound is soluble in water at any temperature.
II. For the alkali metals carbonate, solubility order decreases down the group.
III. For the alkali metals ozonide, the thermal stability order increases down the group.
IV. For the alkaline earth metals nitride, the thermal stability order increases down the group.
(A) T T F F (B) T F F T (C) T F T F (D) F T T F

Ans. (C)
Sol. For the alkali metals carbonate, solubility order increases down the group.
For the alkaline earth metals nitride, the thermal stability order decreases down the group.
47. Out of the following which one has the highest values of covalent character?
(A) ZnCl2 (B) CdCl2 (C) HgCl2 (D) CuCl
Ans. (C)
Sol. Order of Covalent character:-
CuCl < ZnCl2 < CdCl2 < HgCl2
CHEMICAL BONDING
48. Compound having lowest Melting point.
(A) BeCl2 (B) MgCl2 (C) CaCl2 (D) SrCl2
Ans. (A)
Sol. Smaller Size of cation, Polarization , Covalent character, Ionic character, melting point.
49. Which of the following order is correct of the given property.
(A) LiCl >NaCl > KCl > RbCl > CsCl : Thermal stability order
(B) BeF2 < MgF2 < CaF2 < SrF2 < BaF2 : solubility order
(C) NO2– > NO— > NO = NO2+ > NO+ : bond length order
(D) BaO > SrO > CaO > BeO > MgO : basic character order
Ans. (C)
Sol. The correct order for the indicated property:
NO–2 > NO– > NO = NO+2 > NO+ (Bond length)
50. Which of the following has highest covalent character.
(A) CaCl2 (B) ZnCl2 (C) KCl (D) CuCl
Ans. (B)
Sol. ―Due to high Polarization of Zn, ZnCl2 has highest covalent character‖.
51. Which of the following order is CORRECT

(A) BeF2 < BaF2  Solubility (B) BeO < BeF2  Melting point
(C) BeO < MgO  Acidic character (D) MgF2 < AlF3  Covalent character
Ans. (D)
Sol. MgF2 < AlF3 (covalent character)
Size of Al+3 is smaller than Mg+2, So Polarization  and covalent character .
52. Which of the following order is CORRECT about thermal stability.

(A) Li2CO3 < Cs2CO3 (B) BeCO3 < BaCO3
(C) LiNO3 < CsNO3 (D) All of these
Ans. (D)
Sol. Correct order:- (Thermal Stability)
 Li2CO3 < Cs2CO3

 BeCO3 < BaCO3
 Li2NO3 < Cs2NO3
53. Which of the following order is/are INCORRECT:-

(A) NaF < MgF2 < AlF3 (Lattice energy)
(B) NaF < MgF2 < AlF3 (Melting point)
(C) NaF < MgF2 < AlF3 (Polarizing power of cation)
(D) NaF < MgF2 < AlF3 (% ionic character)
Ans. (D)
Sol. Incorrect order:-
NaF < MgF2 < AlF3 (% Ionic character)
 Size of cation, Polarization, covalent character.
CHEMICAL BONDING
54. The correct solubility order is/are :
(I) CaCO3 > SrCO3 > BaCO3 (II) Li2CO3 < Na2CO3 < K2CO3
(III) K2CO3 < Rb2CO3 < Cs2CO3 (IV) Na2CO3 > K2CO3 > Rb2CO3
(A) II, IV (B) I, IV (C) II, III, IV (D) I, II, III
Ans. (D)
Sol. Correct order of Solubility:
 Cs2CO3 > Rb2CO3 > K2CO3 > Na2CO3 > Li2CO3
 BeCO3 > MgCO3 > CaCO3 > SrCO3 > BaCO3
MOLECULAR ORBITAL THEORY
55. Which of the following species have more number of electrons in bonding MO's as compared
to antibonding MO's :-
(A) O2– (B) N2+ (C) C2 (D) All of these
Ans. (D)
Sol. Every stable molecules have more number of electrons in bonding MO's as compared to
antibonding MO's.
56. Which of the following statement is INCORRECT:-
(A) KO2 is paramagnetic in nature
(B) All halogens are coloured gases at room temperature
(C) O2 is paramagnetic gas
(D) Bond order of OF is 1.5
Ans. (B)
Sol. ―All Halogen are not coloured gases at room Temperature‖
F2:- Pale yellow (gas)
Cl2:- Greenish yellow (gas)
Cl2:- Reddish Brown (Liquid)
I2:- Violet (Solid)
57. Assuming that if Hund's rule is violated, then the paramagnetic specie is :
(A) B2 (B) O2 (C) NO (D) O2
Ans. (D)
Sol. O 2 (15e – ) : 1s2  *1s2  2s

2
 *2s
2
2p
2
x
2p
2
z
2p
2
y
 *12p y
Due to unpaired electron, O2+ is paramagnetic.
58. Among the following species, which has the minimum bond length?
(A) B2 (B) C2 (C) F2 (D) O2–
Ans. (B)
Sol. Molecules Bond order
B2 1
C2 2
F2 1
O2– 1.5
1
Bond order 
Bond length
CHEMICAL BONDING
–
59. During change of O2 to O2 ion, the electron adds in which one of the following orbitals ?
(A) σ* 2pz orbital (B) σ 2pz orbital
(C) π* 2px / π* 2py orbital (D) π 2px /π 2py orbital
Ans. (C)
Sol. O2 : Number of electron = 16
O2– : Number of electron = 17
O 2– (17 e – ) : 1s2 ,  *1s2 , 22s ,  *2s
2
, 2p
2
x
, 2p
2
z
 2p
2
y
,  *2p
2
y
  *12p y
17th electron is entered in π* 2px / π* 2py orbital
60. The molecular orbital with highest energy in a nitrogen molecule is

(A) 2p (B) 2p (C) *2p (D) *2p
Ans. (C)
Sol. For molecules having electron < 14 e–  2p is at higher energy level than the 2p
61. According to Molecular orbital theory which of the following is correct ?

(A) LUMO level for C2 molecule is 2p orbital x
(B) In C2 molecules both the bonds are  bonds

(C) In C22–ion there is one  and two  bonds
(D) All the above are correct
Ans. (D)
Sol. All the above statements are correct.
62. N2 and O2 are converted to monocations N2+ and O2+ respectively, which is wrong statement :
(A) In N2+, the N—N bond weakens
(B) In O2+, the O—O bond order increases

(C) In O2+, the paramagnetism decrease
(D) N2+ becomes diamagnetic
Ans. (D)
Sol. N2  N2+ (13e–)
B.O.=3 B.O.=2.5
O2  O2+ (15e–)
B.O.=2 B.O.=2.5
Bond order increases  Bond length decreases
O2+ is paramagnetic.
CHEMICAL BONDING
63. Which of the following species absorb maximum energy in its HOMO-LUMO electronic
transition ?
(A) O2 (B) N2– (C) C2 (D) N2
Ans. (D)
Sol. As the size of molecules decreases, gap between HOMO and LUMO increases and energy gap
between HOMO and LUMO increases.
MISCELLANEOUS
64. Molecule in which central atom has sp3d2 hybridization is present.
(A)IF7 (B) IO6–5 (C) XeF2 (D) XeO4
Ans. (B)
O
O– O–
Sol. I  Hybridisation = sp3d2
– –
O O
O–
65. Which of the following oxyacid has S-S linkage :

(A) H2S2O8 (B) H2S2O7 (C) H2S2O3 (D) All of the above
Ans. (C)
HO S
Sol. H2S2O3 : S
HO O
66. Which of the following molecule/ion is planar and polar both;-
(A) NO3 (B) NO2 (C) PF5 (D) NH3
Ans. (B)
N=O  sp  planar and polar

2
Sol.
–
O
67. Choose the element which show maximum number of covalencies out of the given elements.
(A) F (B) N (C) C (D) Cl
Ans. (D)
Sol. Element Maximum covalency
F 1
N 3
C 4
Cl 7
CHEMICAL BONDING
68. Which of the following order in correct against the property indicated:-
(A) PH4 < PCl4< PBr4 (bond angle)
(B) BF3 < NF3 < NH3 (dipole moment)
(C) CCl4 < B(OH)3 < PCl5 (number of valence electrons used for bonding by central atom)
(D) CH4 < CCl4 < CBr4 (order of bond polarity)
Ans. (B)
Sol. Correct order of indicated property:
BF3 < NF3 < NH3 (dipole moment)
69. Which of the following have different shape from the others :-
(A) NOF3 (B) XeO4 (C) SOCl2 (D) BF4
Ans. (C)
Sol. SOCl2 has trigonal planar shape and all other molecules have tetrahedral shape.
70. Which of the following molecule/atom has lowest enthalpy of fusion ?

(A) H2 (B) He (C) Br2 (D) I2
Ans. (B)
Sol. He has lowest enthalpy of fusion due to presence of LDF.
71. Increasing order of stability of the +2 oxidation state of the ions ?

(A) Ca2+ < Ba2+ < Sr2+ (B) Pb2+ < Ge2+ < Sn2+
(C) Ge2+ < Sn2+ < Pb2+ (D) Cu2+ < Au2+ < Ag2+
Ans. (C)
Sol. In group 14, stability of +2 oxidation state increases down the group due to inert pair effect.
72. Two hybrid orbitals have a bond angle of 120º. The percentage of s-character in the hybrid
orbital is nearly:
(A) 25% (B) 33% (C) 50% (D) 66%
Ans. (B)
s s s 1
Sol. cos =  cos120º =  –0.5 =  s = = 33%
s –1 s –1 s –1 3
73. Which of the following species has the same number of X–O–X linkage, where X = S or P ?
(I) S4O62– (II) S3O9 (III) S2O52– (IV) P3O93–
(A) II & IV (B) II & III (C) I & III (D) I & IV
Ans. (A)
O O O O
S S
O– S S O O
2–
Sol. S4O6 : S S O S3O9 : O O
O O– S
O O O
O O O–
O P P
O– O
S2O52– : S S P3O93– : O O
O O P
–
O –
O O O–
CHEMICAL BONDING
ASSERTION -REASONING TYPE
In the following set of questions, a statement I is given and a corresponding statement II is
given below it. Mark the correct answer as:
(A) If both statement I and statement II are true and statement II is the correct explanation for
statement I.
(B) If both statement I and statement II are true but statement II is not the correct explanation
for statement I.
(C) If statement I is true but statement II is false.
(D) If statement I is false but statement II is true.
74. Statement I : XeH4 does not exist but XeF4 exists.
Statement II : F is more electronegative than H and causes lesser extent of d orbital contraction
as compared to that by H atom.
Ans. (C)
Sol. F is more electronegative than H and causes greater extent of d orbital contraction as compared
to that by H atom.
75. Statement I : (AlCl3)2 is not electron deficient [Al(CH3)3]2 is electron deficient
Statement II : (AlCl3)2 possesses 3c – 2e bond.
Ans. (A)
76. Statement I : [AlBr4]– exists while the existence of [BBr4]– is questionable.
Statement II : Al is larger in size as compared to B atom.
Ans. (A)
77. Statement I : dMn–O in MnO4– is less than that in MnO42–

Statement II : The higher oxidation state of an element causes higher extent of d orbital
contraction and forms more effective  bond with O atoms
Ans. (A)
CHEMICAL BONDING
EXERCISE # II
WEAK FORCES
1. Which of the following option(s) is/are CORRECT?
Type of interaction distance-energy function
1 1
(A) dipole-dipole  3 (B) H-bonding  3
r r
1 1
(C) Ion-dipole  2 (D) London force  6
r r
Ans. (ABCD)
Sol. Remember the fact
2. The correct order of the boiling point is/are -

(A) He < Ne < Ar < Kr < Xe (B) H2 < He
(C) H2 < D2 < T2 (D) BF3 < BMe3
Ans. (ACD)
Sol. Boiling Point  molecular weight  force of interaction b/w molecule
BENT'S AND DRAGO'S RULE

3. Which of the following order is correct regarding %p- character ?
(A) H2S has higher p-character in S – H bond than the O – H bond in H2O
(B) PH3 has higher p-character in P – H bond than the N – H bond in NH3
(C) NH4 has higher p-character in N – H bond than the P–H bond in PH 4
(D) None of these
Ans. (AB)
Sol. Hybridization is not occur in PH3 according to drago‘s rule so % charecter is more distributed
in P – H bond as compare to N – H bond in NH3.
4. Which of the following statement(s) is/are CORRECT ?

(A) Axial bond length > equatorial bond length in PF5
(B) axial bond length (P –F) < equatorial bond length (P–Cl) in PF2Cl3
(C) All P–F bond lengths are equal in PF5

(D) axial bond length (P–F) > equatorial bond length (P–Cl) in PF2Cl3
Ans. (AB)
F
F
Sol. PF5  F P
F
F
Axial bond contain more % of p character as compare to equatorial bond is greater than
equatorial.
In PF2Cl3 size of Cl is greater than F so overall length of axial bond is greater as compare to the
equatorial.
CHEMICAL BONDING
5. Choose the correct angle order.
 in PH  = 
(A) HPH HCH in CH4 .  in NH3 < HPH
(B) HNH  in PH3
4
 in NH3 < HPH

(C) HNH  in PH  (D) OSO  in NO
 in SO 2 < ONO
4 3 3
Ans. (ACD)
PH 4 & CH4 have perfect Sp hybridization and tetrahedral shape so angle will be 109º.28 NH3
3
Sol.
is sp3 hybridization with 1. Lp so bond angle will reduce.
6. In which of the following back bonding is NOT possible -
(A) N(CH3)3 (B) BO3–3 (C) P(CH3)3 (D) BF4–
Ans. (ACD)
Sol. In N(CH3)3 & P(CH3)3 no vacant orbital available on carbon atom. In BF4 no vacant orbital
available on B – atom.
BACK BONDING
7. Molecule(s) in which maximum number of atoms in a plane may be ten.
(A) B2Me4H2 (B) Al2(CH3)6 (C) N(SiH3)3 (D) [Co(NH3)6]3+
Ans. (AB)
Sol. In B2Me4H2 & Al2(CH3)6 maximum 10 atoms are present in one plane.
8. Which of the following statement(s) is/are CORRECT -
(A) [B3O6]–3 ion is non-planar but B3N3H6 is planar
(B) (SiH3)3N is planar but (SiH3)3P is pyramidal
(C) H3C–N C S is bent but SiH3 - NCS is linear
(D) (CH3)3N is pyramidal but (GeH3)3N is planar
Ans. (BCD)
Sol. (A) Both [B3O6]–3 & B3N3H6 are planar
(B) N(SiH3)3 is planar due to back bonding but P(SiH3)3 is pyramidal with one lp on
P–atom.
(C) H3Si-NCS is linear due to back bonding
(D) N(GeH3)3 has 2p – 4d back bonding
9. Which of the following statements is/are INCORRECT -
(A) CHF3 is less acidic than CHCl3
(B) R3C–O–H is more acidic than R3Si–O–H
(C) In BF3 back bonding is possible but in CO back bonding is not possible
(D) PH3 is more basic than NH3
Ans. (BCD)
Sol. (B) R3SiOH is more acidic due to back bonding
(C) Co molecules has 2p – 2p back bonding
(D) NH3 has lp in sp3 hybrid orbital which has butter ability to donate lp. In PH3 lp is
present in stereo chemically inert s – orbital.
10. Select the correct order of bond angle.
(A) O(SiH3)2 > OCl2 (B) N(SiH3)3 > N(CH3)3
(C) O(SiH3)2 < OCl2 (D) N(SiH3)3 < N(CH3)3
Ans. (AB)
Sol. Due to back bonding
CHEMICAL BONDING
11. In which of the following compounds, underlined atom can change their hybridisation due to
back bonding :-
(A) B3 N3H6 (B) N(SiH3 )3 (C) O(Si H3 )2 (D) H3 BO3
Ans. (BD)
Sol. When central atom donate lp in back bonding hybridisation changes
MULTICENTERED BOND
12. No X–X bond exists in which of the following compounds having general form of X2H6 ?
(A) B2H6 (B) C2H6 (C) Al2H6 (D) Si2H6
Ans. (AC)
Sol.
H H H H H H
B2H6 : ;
B B Al2H6 Al Al
H H H H H H
H H H H
C2H6 : H C C H ; Si2H6 : H Si Si H
H H H H
13. Which of the following molecules have CORRECT indicated overlapping.
Molecule Overlapping in the bridge bond (if any)
(A) Si2Cl6 sp3–p–sp3
(B) Be2H4 sp2–s–sp2
(C) Si2H6 sp3–s–sp3
(D) B2H6 sp3–s–sp3
Ans. (BD)
Sol. Molecular
Cl Cl
Si2Cl6 : Cl Si Si Cl , no bridge bond present

Cl Cl
H
Be2H4 : H–Be Be–H , 3c–2e– bridge bond present having sp2–s–sp2 overlapping,
H
H H
Si2H6 : H Si Si H , no bridge bond present

H H
CHEMICAL BONDING
H H H
B2H6 : B B , 3c–2e– bond present having sp3–s–sp3 overlapping
H H H
SILICATE
14. In which of the following cases the number of corner oxygen shared per tetrahedron is '2' -
(A) Pyroxene chain silicate (B) Amphibole chain silicate
(C) 5-membered cyclic silicate (D) None of these
Ans. (AC)
Sol. (A) Pyroxene (single chain) silicate have 2 oxygen shored per tetrahedrone
– – –
– – –
– –
(C) 5-unit cyclic silicate having 2-oxygen shored for tetrahedrone
ODD ELECTRON SPECIES

15. Select correct statement about NO2 :

(A) It is odd electron specie (B) N–O bond order = 1.5
(C) Paramagnetic specie (D) Isoelectronic with CO2
Ans. (ABC)
Sol. NO2 : (i) N-atom have 7 valence e–
(ii) is odd e– specie & paramagnetic
(iii) have B·O = 1.5
N
+  +
N N
–
O O– O O O O
B·O = 1.5
CHEMICAL BONDING
16. The number of specie(s) which are not perfectly planar.
   
(A) C H3 (B) C F3 (C) C HF2 (D) C H 2 F
Ans. (BCD)
   
C H3 C F3 C HF2 C H2F
Sol.
H
H C C C C
H F F H F H F
F F H
sp2 sp3 sp2–sp3 sp2–sp3
planar pyramidal pyramidal pyramidal
17. Which of the following statement is CORRECT :-

(A) The free electron of ClO3 molecule is present in d-orbital of Cl-atom

(B) The free electron of CF3 is present in sp3 hybrid orbital
(C) NO is polar
(D) The free electron of ClO2 molecule is present in d-orbital of Cl-atom
Ans. (BCD)
Sol. In ClO3 free e– is present in sp3 hybrid orbital.
Cl sp3
O O
O
HYDROLYSIS
18. Which of the following compounds do not give free halogen acid (Hydra acid) on hydrolysis
with excess water as a final product ?
(A) NCl3 (B) PCl3 (C) SiCl4 (D) BF3
Ans. (AD)
Sol. NCl3 + H2O  NH3  + HOCl
PCl3 + H2O  H3PO3 + HCl
SiCl4 + H2O  H4SiO4 + HCl
BF3 + H2O  H3BO3 + H[BF4]
CHEMICAL BONDING
MOLECULE DOES NOT EXIST
19. Which of the following species do not exist in nature.
(A) PI5(TBP form) (B) PbI4 (C) HFO3 (D) ICl7
Ans. (ABCD)
Sol. (A) PI5  due to large size of I –atom
(B) PbI4  PbI2 + I2 (Inert pair effect)
(C) only HOF exist
(D) due to large size of Cl -atom. ICl7 does not exist.
20. Which of the following do/does not exist ?
(A) SH6 (B) HFO4 (C) FeI3 (D) HClO3
Ans. (ABC)
Sol. (A) SH6 : d - orbital contraction.
(B) HFO4 : F –atom can not show covalong more than one
–
(C) I is very good reducing agent reduces Fe+3 into Fe+2
INERT PAIR EFFECT

21. Which of the following have (18 + 2) electron configuration ?
(A) Pb2+ (B) Cd2+ (C) Bi3+ (D) S–2
Ans. (AC)
Sol. Pb+ : 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 5d10 6p0.
Bi+3 : same as above
Cd+2 : 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s0 4d10
S–2 : 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6
22. Which of following stability order is/are correct due to inert pair effect.
(A) Hg > Hg2+ (B) Bi3+ < Bi5+ (C) Pb2+ > Pb4+ (D) Fe2+ < Fe3+
Ans. (AC)
Sol. Due to inert pair effect lower oxidation state becomes more stable
IONIC COMPOUND
23. Which of the following order is/are CORRECT :-
(A) MgCO3 < BaCO3 (Thermal stability) (B) LiF < CsF (Solubility)
(C) Li3N > K3N (Thermal stability) (D) MgSO3 > BaSO3 (Solubility)
Ans. (ABCD)
1
Sol. L.E.  |q1q2| & L.E. 
(r1 + r2 )
CHEMICAL BONDING
24. Select the CORRECT order against the mentioned property :-
(A) NaNO3 < KNO3 < RbNO3 (Thermal stability)
( B ) NaF> KF > RbF (Covalent nature)
( C ) Si – O < P – O < S – O < C l – O ( -bond strength)
(D) F2 < Cl2 < Br2 < I2 (Bond length)
Ans. (ABCD)
1
Sol. (A) Thermal stability 
Polarisation
(B) Covalent Nature  Polarising Power of Cation

As we move down the group the polarising power of cation decreases.
(C) From Si to Cl size of atom decreases & hence strength of n-bond increases.
(D) Order of size : F < Cl < Br < I
Bond length  size
25. Correct order of solubility in water will be?

(A) LiCl > NaCl > KCl < RbCl < CsCl (B) Li2CO3 < Na2CO3 < K2CO3
(C) LiF < NaF < KF < RbF (D) BeCO3 < MgCO3 < CaCO3
Ans. (ABC)
Sol. correct order BeCO3 > MgCO3 > CaCO3
26. Which of the following will give metal oxide on heating?

(A) CaCO3 (B) AgNO3 (C) K2CO3 (D) Li2CO3
Ans. (AD)

Sol. CaCO3   CaO + CO2 

AgNO3   Ag + NO2  + O2 

K2CO3   X

Li2CO3   Li2O + CO2 
27. Which of the following order is/are CORRECT :-

(A) NaCl < LiCl (melting point) (B) CaF2 > CaO (lattice energy)
(C) LiNO3 < NaNO3 (thermal stability) (D) Be3N2 > Ba3N2 (thermal stability)
Ans. (CD)
Sol. Correct order : (A) NaCl > LiCl (M.P.), due to high polorising power of Li+.
(B) L.E × |q1.q2|
CHEMICAL BONDING
MOLECULAR ORBITAL THEORY
28. Which of the following have identical bond order ?
(A) O22+ (B) NO+ (C) CN– (D) CN+
Ans. (ABC)
Sol. Molecule B.O.
(A) O22 3
(B) NO+ 3
–
(C) CN 3
+
(D) CN 2
29. Assuming that if Hund's rule is violated, then the diamagnetic specie(s) is/are :
(A) B2 (B) O2 (C) N2 (D) O2
Ans. (ABC)
Sol. If Hunds Rule is violated then :
Molecule
*2pz *2pz
(A) B2 : *2px *2py (B) *2px *2py
2pz 2pz
2px 2py 2px 2py
Diamagnetic Diamagnetic
*2pz *2pz
*2px *2py *2px *2py
N2 :
2pz 2px 2py
2px 2py 2pz
Paramagnetic
Diamagnetic
u = 1.732 BM
30. The paramagnetic molecule(s) which have non fractional bond order :-
(A) O2 (B) O2Ɵ (C) N22– (D) B2
Ans. (ACD)
Sol. Molecule B.O.
(A) O2 2
(B) O 2 ` 1.5
(C) N22 2
(D) B2 1
CHEMICAL BONDING
MISCELLANEOUS
31. Bond angles which are associated with sp3d3 hybridization.
(A) 90º (B) 120º (C) 180º (D) 72º
Ans. (ACD)
Sol. sp3d3 hybridisation results in pentagonal bi-pyramidal geometry
a
a 90° a 90° = 10 angles
72° a
M 72° = 5 angles
a 80°
a 180° = 1 angles
a
32. Which of following statement is/are CORRECT for ClOF3 ?
(A) In hybridisation central atom uses its dxy orbital
(B) In -bond formation central atom uses its 'p' orbital
(C) The shape of molecule is see-saw
(D) The molecule is non-planar
Ans. (CD)
Sol. -sp3d hybridisation dz2 is used in hybridisation
- see saw shape
- 2p-3d bond is present
- non planar
F
O
Cl
F
F
33. Which of the following species are planar as well as polar.
(A) I3+ (B) NO2– (C) PCl3 (D) BO33–
Ans. (AB)
+
Sol. (A) I 3 = I sp3 (bent), planar, polar
I I
(B) NO2 = N  sp2 (bent) planar, polar

–
O O
P
Cl sp (pyramidal), polar
3
(C) PCl3 = Cl
Cl
O–
(D) BO33 = B sp2(planar) non polar.

O– O–
CHEMICAL BONDING
EXERCISE # III
INTEGER TYPE
1. Which of the following pairs have dipole-dipole interaction?
(BF3 + BF3), (CCl4 + Na+) (HCl + HCl), (CHCl3 + CHCl3), (K+ + HCl), (Na+ + Cl–)
Ans. (2)
Sol.
Al Al
2C–e– bond = 70
2. Find the number of molecules in which axial orbital length is higher than equatorial orbital
length of central atom : PCl5, PCl3F2, PF4Cl, PCl2F3, PF5
Ans. (5)
Sol. axial orbital length is always greater than equatorial in case of sp3d hybridization but bond
length may vary depending upon the size of surrounding atom
3. Find the total number of 2C – 2e– bond in Al2(C6H5)6 (excluding  bond)
Fill your answer as sum of digits till you get the single digit answer.
Ans. (7)
Sol. Al2(C6H5)6
H5C6 C6H5
Al Al
H5C6 C6H5
2C – 2e–  70
7+0 =7
CHEMICAL BONDING
4. Find the number of molecules, which do not have hybridisation, according to Drago's rule.
PH3, SH2, AsH3, H2Se, SiH4
Ans. (4)
Sol. According to drago‘s if central atom of molecule in of third period or below. Then lone pain in
present in steoreochemically in action s-orbital and bonding will take place through pure
p-orbital and there in no hybridization and B.A. in about 90° but E.N. of surrounding alon is
less then or equal 2.5
PH3, SH2, ASH3, H2Se do not have hybridization SiH3 have hybridization because bond
formation energy in sufficient to from a stable molecule.
5. 6XeF4 + 12H2O  4X + 2Y + 24HF + 3O2

In above reaction find the difference of oxidation state in central atom of X and Y.
Ans. (6)
Sol. 6XeF4 + 12H2O  4Xe + 2XeO3 + 24 HF + 3O2
 
   0.5 = 0 0.5
of x of y = 6
|X – Y| = |0 – 6| = 6
6. Total number of molecules in which bridge bond formed by sp3–s–sp3 type overlap
B2H6 , Al2 (CH3)6 , I2 Cl6 , Al2 H6 , Si2 Cl6
Ans. (2)
Sol. Only = 2
B2H6 and Al2H6
H H H
B B
H H H
sp3–s–sp3
H H H
Al Al
H H H
sp3–s–sp3
7. Among the following total number of planar molecules/ions is.

H3O+, I3, NO2Ɵ, ClF3, XeF2, ICl4, OCl2
Ans. (6)
Sol. Only H3O+ is non planar
CHEMICAL BONDING
8. For the given compounds, number of compounds which undergo complete hydrolysis in
presence of excess amount of water in ordinary condition :
SF4, XeF2, BiCl3, NF3, NCl3, POCl3, BF3
Ans. (4)
Sol. XeF2, NCl3, POCl3, SF4 undergo complete hydrolysis.
9. Find out the number (s) of molecule in which bond angle around under line atom is 120º :-

H3BO3 , P(SiH3 )3 , N(SiH3 )3 , C H3 , N(CH3 )3 , SnCl3
Ans. (2)

Sol. N(Si H3)3 and CH 3 have B.A. around 120°.
10. Find the number of chemical species which undergoes hydrolysis through redox reaction.
XeF2 , XeF4, XeF6 , SF4 , PCl3 , PCl5
Ans. (2)
1 
(i) XeF2 + H 2 O  Xe + HF O2 
2 
Sol.  Both are redox reactions
1 
(ii) XeF2 + H 2O  Xe + XeO3 + HF + O2
2 
11. Find the maximum number of F atom(s) in one plane in XeF5+ :-

Ans. (4)
Sol. 4F atoms all in one plane
F
F F
+
Xe
F F
12. Find the number of molecules which are polar

PCl3F2, PCl2F3, P(CH3)3 (CF3)2, P(CH3)2 (CF3)3
Ans. (2)
F
Cl
F P Polar
Sol. PCl2F3 Cl
F
CF3
CH3
CF3 P Polar
P(CH3)2 (CF3)3 CH3
CF3
CHEMICAL BONDING
3 2
13. Ratio of sp and sp hybridized atoms in the anionic part of Borax is_______
(if ans is 12 : 4 then represented as 124 and fill your answer as sum of digits (excluding
decimal places) till you get the single digit) OH
sp3
Ans. (4)
3
B
Sol. 2 – sp O O
2 OH OH
2 – sp B O B
2:2 O 
O
B
22  2 + 2  4 ans sp3
OH
14. Number of species having bond order 2 will be?

O2+2 ,N2+2 ,N2–2 ,O2+,N2+ ,C2,B2–2
Ans. (4)
Sol. O2, N2+2, C2 and B2–2 hence B.O = 2
15. Find the total number of 2C – 2e– bond in Al2 (C6H5)6 (excluding  bond)
Fill your answer as sum of digits till you get the single digit answer.
Ans. (7)
Sol. Refer to Ex. III Q. no. 3.
CHEMICAL BONDING
EXERCISE # IV
Paragraph for Question 1 to 2
Bent's rule can be stated as follows. "The central atom projects the hybrid orbitals of less
s-character" towards more electronegative atom.
1. Which of the following statement is CORRECT ?
(A) CH3F is not perfect tetrahedral
(B) PCl3F2 has got a trigonal bipyramidal (T.B.P) shape.
(C) In PCl3F2, the two fluorine atoms preferably are positioned in the axial directions.
(D) All are correct
Ans. (D)
Sol. (a) CH3F is not Perfect tetrahedral because all surrounding atoms are not same. Due to
introduction of F, One hybrid Orbital hence more p-character than other three hybrid orbital. So
angle will very.
2. Which of the following order is CORRECT ?
(A) dC–H in CH3Cl > dC–H in CH3F (B) dC–H in CH3Cl < dC–H in CH3F
 
(C) HPH (PH3) > HPH (PH4 ) +
(D) H– Ĉ –H in CH4 > F– Ĉ –F in CF4
Ans. (A)
Sol. (a) d C – H in CH3Cl > d C – H in CH3F
Cl F
C C
H H H H H H
C – Cl has less p character than C – F. So C – Cl hybrid orbital deliver s-character in Rest 3 C–
H hybrid orbital less than C–F hybrid orbital. So result will be 3 C–H hybrid orbital in Ch3Cl
have less s-character than 3 C–H hybrid orbital in CH3F.
Back bonding is a type of sideways overlapping.
3. Which of the following molecule has 2p – 3d back bonding.
(A) PCl3 (B) CCl3– (C) BCl3 (D) (BO2–)3
Ans. (B)
Cl
2p3d
Sol. C= C–
Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl
l.p of C will be donate in 3d orbital of Cl.
4. Which of the following has CORRECT order of strength of back bonding.
(A) BF3 > BCl3 (B) O(SiH3)2 > S(SiH3)2
(C) N(SiH3)3 < NH2SiH3 (D) All are correct
Ans. (D)
Sol. (a) BF3 > BCl3 Because of 2p –2p Back Bonding.
(b) O(SiH3)2 > S(SiH3)2 Because of 2pp – 3do Back Bonding.
(c) N(SiH3)3 < NH2SiH3 Because extent of Back Bonding is greater in NH2SiH3.
CHEMICAL BONDING
Qualitatively, the formation of molecular orbitals can be understood in terms of the
constructive or destructive interference of the electron waves of the combining atoms. In the
formation of bonding molecular orbital, the two electron waves of the bonding atoms reinforce
each other due to constructive interference while in the formation of antibonding molecular
orbital, the electron waves cancel each other due to destructive interference.
5. Which of the following combinations give(s) antibonding sigma molecular orbital if z-axis is
the internuclear axis ?
(A) (B)
(C) (D)
Ans. (A)
Sol.
6. Which of the following specie does not exist :-

(A) HeH+ (B) Be2 (C) C22– (D) NO+
Ans. (B)
Sol. Be2 doesnot exist Because According molecular orbital theory bond order of Be2 is O (zero).

According to Bent's Rule, which states : more electronegative substituents prefer hybrid
orbitals having less s-character and more electropositive substituents prefer hybrid orbitals
having more s-character
7. Among the following, which has/have equatorial bonds becomes stronger and shorter than the
axial bonds ?
(A) PCl5 (B) ClF3 (C) SF4 (D) All of these
Ans. (D)
Sol. In TBP geometry equatorial bonds are shorter than the axial bonds.
8. Which of the following has CORRECT order of their indicating properties?

(A) F– Ĉ –F(CH2F2) >H– Ĉ –H(CH4); bond angle
(B) PH3 < PF3 ; bond angle
(C) POF3 < POCl3 ; P – O bond strength
(D) All of these
Ans. (B)
Sol. PH3 < PF3
Because in PH3 Bonding take place through pure ‗P‘ orbital so angle will be around 90º. But
PF3 Bonding take place through hybrid orbital. So Bond angle will be around 109º.28º.
CHEMICAL BONDING
When a substance undergoes nucleopilic substitution reaction and the nucleophile is solvent
itself, then the reaction is known as solvolysis, if the solvent used is water then the reaction is
called as hydrolysis.
9. The product(s) of hydrolysis of NCl3 is/are :-
(A) HNO2 (B) HCl (C) NH3 (D) HOCl
Ans. (CD)
Sol. Product of hydrolysis of NCl3 is NH3 and HOCl.
10. Which of the following compounds on hydrolysis produce oxyacid having basicity three in
water :-
(A) PCl5 (B) AsCl3 (C) PCl3 (D) BCl3
Ans. (AB)
Sol. PCl5 + H2O  H3PO4 (Basicity - 3)
AsCl3 + H2O  As(OH)3 (Basicity - 3)

Molecular orbital theory is based on linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO). According
to LCAO when respective atomic orbitals of the atoms interact, they undergoes constructive
and destructive interference giving two types of molecular orbital i.e. bonding and antibonding
molecular orbitals respectively.
11. Which of the following overlapping result ungerade molecular orbital.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
Ans. (AD)
+ + +
+ = Nodal
Sol. – – –
plane
Ungerade
Nodal
plane
– + + – + = –   +
Ungerade
12. Which of the following property does not change when O2 is converted to O2– :-
(A) Magnetic behaviour (B) Magnetic moment
(C) Bond order (D) Number of bonding electron
Ans. (AD)
Sol. When O2 is converted into O 2
Magnetic behavior doesnot change as it remain paramagnetic with one unpaired electron.
No change in Bonding e–.
CHEMICAL BONDING
Paragraph for Question Nos. 13 to 15
Bridge bonding is a specific kind of bonding in pages of chemistry. In general σ-bond pair
delocalisation is very difficult. But electron deficiency of the central atom forces to delocalise
and forms this kind of bond.
13. The state of hybridisation of central atom in dimer form of both BH3 and BeH2 is
(A) sp2, sp (B) sp3, sp2 (C) sp3, sp3 (D) sp2, sp3
Ans. (B)
H H H H H H H
Sol. B B sp3 B B H Be B H
H H H H H H H
14. Which of the following molecule has complete octet
(A) B2H6 (B) Al2Cl6 (C) Be2Cl4 (D) BeH2
Ans. (B)
Cl Cl Cl
Sol. Al Al
Cl Cl Cl
Al2 Cl6 has complete octet each Aluminium atom has e–.
15. Which of the following is/are electron deficient compounds?

(A) NaBH4 (B) B2H6 (C) Al2Cl6 (D) BeCl2(s)
Ans. (B)
Sol. B2H6 is e– deficient having 3C–2e– bond.
H H H
B B
H H H
MATCHING LIST
16. List I List II
(Species) (Bond order)
(P) O2– (1) 2.5
(Q) N2+ (2) 1.0

(R) H2+ (3) 1.5
(S) B2 (4) 0.5
Code : (P) (Q) (R) (S) (P) (Q) (R) (S)

(A) 2 3 4 1 (B) 3 1 4 2
(C) 3 1 2 4 (D) 4 1 2 3
Ans. (B)
Sol. Specie Correct bond order
(P) O2 = 1.5
(Q) N 2 = 2.5
(R) H 2 = 0.5
(S) B2 = 1.0
CHEMICAL BONDING
17. List I List II
(Unit of silicate) (Number of shared oxygen atom per tetrahedral unit)
(P) Si2O7–6 (1) 3
(Q) (Si2O5.5–3)n (2) 1
(R) SiO2 (3) 2.5 (avg.)
(S) (Si2O52–) (4) 4
Code : (P) (Q) (R) (S)
(A) 2 3 4 1
(B) 3 1 2 4
(C) 2 3 1 4
(D) 4 2 3 1
Ans. (A)
Sol. Refer to structures of silicates.
18. Match column-I with column-II :-

List I List II
(P) BF3 (1) Exist in dimeric form
(Q) AlCl3 (2) Effective back bond is present
(R) SiO2 (3) Acts as lewis acid
(S) CO (4) Exist in polymeric form
Select correct code of your answer :
Code : (P) (Q) (R) (S) (P) (Q) (R) (S)

(A) 3 2 4 1 (B) 1 2 4 3
(C) 3 1 4 2 (D) 1 2 3 4
Ans. (C)
Sol. (P) BF3 has stable 2p–2p back bonding and act as Lewis acid
(Q) AlCl3 exist as Al2Cl6 in dimeric form
(R) SiO2 has giant covalent network type structure.
(S) CO has effective back bonding (2p-2p)
CHEMICAL BONDING
MATRIX MATCH
19. Column-I Column-II
(A) BF3 (P) Intra molecular lewis acid-base interaction
(B) BCl3 (Q) 2p – 3p back bond
(C) H3BO3 (R) Lewis acid
(D) B(OCH3)3 (S) Incomplete octet of central atom boron
(T) sp2 hybridisation of boron
Ans. (A) P,R,S,T; (B) P,Q,R,S;T; (C) P,R,S,T ; (D) P,R,S,T
F
B
Sol. (A)
F F
sp2 hybridisation
2p-2p back bond present
Intramolecular L.A-L.B. interaction
Acts as Lewis Acid
has incomplete octet
Cl
(B) Cl B
Cl
sp2 hybridisation
2p-3p back bond (Intramolecular L.A-L.B. interaction) is present
H
O
(C) H B H
O O
sp2 hybridisation of B
2p-2p back bonding(Intramolecular L.A-L.B. interaction is present)
CH3
O
(D) H3C B CH3
O O
sp2 hybridisation of B
2p-2p back bonding(Intramolecular L.A-L.B. interaction is present)
CHEMICAL BONDING
20. Column-I Column-II
(Cumulative interaction)
(A) HCl and HCl (P) dipole - dipole
(B) HCl and C6H6 (Q) Ion-dipole

(C) Na and NH3 (R) Ion-induced dipole - dipole
(D) K+ and CCl4 (S) induced dipole
(T) London dispersion force
Ans. (A) P,S,T; (B) Q,R,S; (C) P,R,S; (D) Q
Sol. Refer to weak forces.
CHEMICAL BONDING
EXERCISE # V
NATIONAL STANDARD EXAMINATION IN CHEMISTRY (NSEC) STAGE-I
1. Which of the following pairs has the strongest hydrogen bonding between themselves?
(A) SiH4 and SiF4 (B) CH4 and CH3OH [NSEC-2002]
(C) CH3COCH3 and CHCI3 (D) HCO2H and CH3CO2H
Ans. (D)
Sol. SiH4 and SiF4 – No H-bonding
CH4 and CH3OH – No H-bonding
CH3COCH3 and CHCl3 – No H-bonding
HCO2H and CH3CO2H – H-bonding present
2. The number of hydrogen bonds formed by each H2O molecule in an ice crystal is :
(A) 6 (B) 4 (C) 2 (D) 3 [NSEC-2003]
Ans. (B)
Sol. O number of H-bond = 4

H H
3. The molecule with non-zero dipole moment is [NSEC-2004]

(A) BF3 (B) PCI3 (C) SiCI4 (D) CIF5
Ans. (B)
F Cl
F
F F
P Si
B Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl
Sol. F F
Cl Cl F F
0 0 =0
4. Bond orders of NO and NO+ are respectively [NSEC-2004]

(A) 2.5 and 3 (B) 2 and 4 (C) 3.5 and 2.5 (D) 4 and 2
Ans. (A)
Sol. Specie Bond order
NO 2.5
+
NO 3.0
CHEMICAL BONDING
5. The molecular orbital with highest energy in a nitrogen molecule is [NSEC-2004]
(A) 2p (B) 2p (C) *2p (D) *2p
Ans. (C)
Sol. Energy level diagram of N2 is given below
2pz
2px 2py
2pz
2p has highest energy
2px 2py
2s
2s
1s
1s
6. The substance that has the lowest boiling point is [NSEC-2004]

(A) HCI (B) H2S (C) PH3 (D) SiH4
Ans. (D)
Sol. Boiling Point  Intermolecular Force
7. The compound in which H-bonding is not possible is : [NSEC-2005]

(A) CH3OCH3 (B) H2O (C) CH3CH2OH (D) CH3COOH
Ans. (A)
Sol. CH3OCH3 has No H-bonding.
8. In solid CuSO4. 5H2O, copper is coordinated to [NSEC-2005]

(A) One water molecule (B) three water molecules
(C) Five water molecules (D) four water molecules.
Ans. (D)
+2
H2O OH2 O O– H
Sol. Cu S O
–
H2O OH2 O O H
CHEMICAL BONDING
9. In thiosulphuric acid H2S2O3, the oxidation states of sulphur atoms are [NSEC-2006]
(A) + II,+ II (B) 0, + IV (C) + I , + III (D) –II, + VI.
Ans. (D)
S–2
S+6
Sol. HO OH
O
10. Lewis dot structures of compounds of representative elements normally follow the octet rule.
Which of the following does not obey the octet rule? [NSEC-2006]
2– –
(A) CO3 (B) O3 (C) SO2 (D) I3
Ans. (D)
Sol. I 3  I I I
10e–
11. Considering z-axis to be the internuclear axis, the combination of orbitals on Li and CI atoms
respectively, that can lead to a stable sigma bond [NSEC-2006]
(A) 2s and 3py (B) 1s and 3py (C) 1s and 3pz (D) 2s and 3pz.
Ans. (D)
Sol. Li : 1s22s2
Cl : 1s22s22p63s23p5
Y Y
Z + Z = Z
2orbital of 3pzorbital of  bond

Li atom Cl atom
12. The structures of AlCl3 and PCl3 can be described as [NSEC-2006]

(A) Both planar (B) Both pyramidal
(C) Planar and pyramidal respectively (D) pyramidal and planar respectively.
Ans. (C)
Cl
Al P
Sol. Cl Cl Cl
Cl
Cl
sp2, Trigonal planar sp3, Pyramidal
CHEMICAL BONDING
13. The hybrid orbitals used by chlorine in CIF3 molecule are of the type [NSEC-2006]
(A) sp3 (B) sp2 (C) sp2d (D) sp3d
Ans. (D)
F
Sol. Cl F ; sp3d (Bent-T shape)
Cl
14. The non-linear molecule is [NSEC-2006]
(A) SO2 (B) CO2 (C) HCN (D) C2H2
Ans. (A)
O
S
Sol. ; sp2 , Bent shape
O O
O=C=O ; sp, linear
H–CN ; sp, linear
H–CC–H ; sp linear
15. Which of the following pairs is a Lewis acid & a Lewis base ? [NSEC-2007]
(A) CI & Ag+ (B) NH3 & BF3 (C) SO42– & HSO4– +
(D) H & OH –
Ans. (D)
Sol. H+ is Lewis acid and OH– is Lewis Base.
16. Trisilylamine N (Si(CH3)3)3 is [NSEC-2006]

(A) acidic (B) basic (C) neutral (D) amphoteric
Ans. (C)
(CH3)3Si
Sol. N Si(CH3)3
(CH3)3Si
17. Which type of bond exists between the two boron atoms in a diborane molecule ?
[NSEC-2007]
(A) 2-Center-2electron (B) 3-Center-2-electron
(C) 3-Center-3-electron (D) 4-Center-4-electron
Ans. (B)
2C–3e– bond
H H H
Sol. B B
H H H
2C–2e– bond
CHEMICAL BONDING
18. According to Molecular Orbital Theory, the oxygen molecule is- [NSEC-2007]
(A) Diamagnetic (B) Paramagnetic (C) Ferromagnetic (D) non magnetic
Ans. (B)
Sol. 1s2, 1s2,2s2, *2s2, 2 p 2z ,2 p 2x = 2 p 2y , *2 p 2x = *2 p 2y
19. In which of the following pairs are both molecules polar ? [NSEC-2008]
(A) O2 and H2O (B) BF3 and PCl3 (C) SO2 and SCl2 (D) CS2 and NO2
Ans. (C)
S S
Sol. Cl Cl
O O
  0 (Polar)   0 (Polar)
20. The species containing the maximum number of lone pairs in the central atom is :
[NSEC-2009]
– –
(A) ClO3 (B) XeF4 (C) SF4 (D) I3
Ans. (D)
Sol. Molecule No. of lone pair
O
–
(A) O —Cl 1
O
O F
(B) Xe 2
O F
F
F
(C) S 1
F
F
(D) I—I—I 3
21. The electron-pair geometry of the central oxygen atom of ozone is – [NSEC-2009]
(A) linear (B) trigonal planar
(C) tetrahedral (D) trigonal bipyramidal
Ans. (B)
Sol. O3 : O sp2, Bent shape e– geometry Trigonal planar

O O
CHEMICAL BONDING
22. The sequence of molecular orbitals for the carbide ion (C22–) is – [NSEC-2009]
(A) 1s2 *1s2 2s2 *2s2 2p4
(B) 1s2 *1s2 2s2 *2s2 2p4 2p2
(C) 1s2 *1s2 2s2 *2s2 2p4 2p2 *2p2
(D) 1s2 *1s2 2s2 *2s2 2p4 2p2 *2p4
Ans. (B)
Sol. C2–2 contain total 14-electron.
1s2 < *1s2 < 2s2 < *2s2 < 2p2y  2p z2  2p z2
23. The change in hybridization of aluminium when Al2Cl6 decomposes in the gas phase is :
[NSEC-2010]
(A) sp  sp
2 3
(B) sp  sp 2
(C) sp  sp 3
(D) sp  sp
3 2
Ans. (D)
Sol. O3 : O sp2, Bent shape e– geometry Trigonal planar

O O
24. The species that contains maximum number of electrons in the antibonding molecular orbitals
is : [NSEC-2010]
2– – +
(A) O2 (B) O2 (C) O2 (D) O2
Ans. (A)
Sol. Specie No. of e– in ABMO
(A) O 22 - 8
(B) O2 - 6
(C) O2 - 7
(D) O2 - 5

 2pz

 2px 2py
2px 2py
2pz
2s
2s
1s
1s
CHEMICAL BONDING
25. The compound that has the highest ionic character associated with the X-Cl bond is
[NSEC-2010]
(A) PCl5 (B) BCI3 (C) CCl4 (D) SiCl4
Ans. (D)
Sol. % Ionic character  EN
26. According to VSEPR theory the shape of IF5 molecule will be : [NSEC-2011]
(A) Tetrahedral (B) trigonal bipyramid
(C) Square pyramid (D) Trigonal planar
Ans. (C)
F
F F
Sol. IF5 : I sp3d2, square pyramidal
F F
27. The compound that does not have a  bond is : [NSEC-2011]

(A) SO2 (B) SF6 (C) O2 (D) SO3
Ans. (B)
F
F F
Sol. S
F F
F
28. The species in which the central atom uses sp2 hybrid orbitals is [NSEC-2012]
(A) PH3 (B) NH3 (C) CH3+ (D) SbH3
Ans. (C)
 H
Sol. 
CH3 : H–C
H
sp2
29. In which of the following ion/molecule , the 'S' atom does not assume sp3 hybridization ?
[NSEC-2012]
2–
(A) SO4 (B) SF4 (C) SF2 (D) S8
Ans. (B)
O F
F S S S
S S S S S
Sol. O– S
O– F F F
O F S S
sp3 sp3d sp3 sp3
CHEMICAL BONDING
30. Which of the following compounds has the least tendency to form hydrogen bonds between
molecules? [NSEC-2012]
(A) NH3 (B) H2NOH (C) HF (D) CH3F
Ans. (D)
F
Sol. C No- H-bonding

H H
H
31. The bond order of NO+ ion is : [NSEC-2012]

(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 2.5 (D) 3
Ans. (D)
Sol. NO+ = 3
32. Which of the following molecular structures is NOT possible? [NSEC-2012]

(A) OF2 (B) SF2 (C) OF4 (D) SF4
Ans. (C)
Sol. Oxygen cannot form 4 covalent bonds.
33. Which of the following molecular structures is NOT possible? [NSEC-2014]

(A) OF2 (B) SF2 (C) OF4 (D) SF4
Ans. (C)
Sol. (Refer question No. 32)
34. The species having highest bond energy is [NSEC-2015]

–
(A) O2 (B) O2+ (C) O2 (D) O2 2–
Ans. (B)
Sol. B.E.  B.O.
35. The structure of a molecule of N (SiMe3)3 is [NSEC-2015]

(A) Pyramidal with angle close to 110º
(B) T-shaped with angle 90º
(C) Bent T-shaped with angle close to 89º
(D) Trigonal planar with bond angle close to 120º
Ans. (D)
Sol. SiH3
N SiH3 (Due to 2p – 3d Back
SiH3 Bonding ; the shape is Trigonal
Planar with angle close to 120)
CHEMICAL BONDING
36. The order of p-d interaction in the compounds containing bond between Si/P/S/Cl and
oxygen is in the order [NSEC-2015]
(A) P > Si > Cl > S (B) Si < P < S < Cl (C) S < Cl < P < Si (D) Si > P > S > Cl
Ans. (B)
Sol. Si P S Cl
* Size of atom
* Tendency to form p – d interaction 
EXERCISE # JEE-MAIN
1. The bond order in NO is 2.5 while that in NO+ is 3. Which of the following statement is true for
these two species ? [AIEEE–2004]
(1) Bond length in NO is equal to that NO (2) Bond length in NO is greater than NO+
+
(3) Bond length in NO+ is greater than NO (4) Bond length is unpredictable
Ans. (2)
1
Sol. B.L. 
B.O.
2. The states of hybridization of boron and oxygen atoms in boric acid (H3BO3) are respectively
[AIEEE 2004]
3 2 2 3 2 2
(1) sp and sp (2) sp and sp (3) sp and sp (4) sp and sp3
3
Ans. (3)
H
O sp2
sp2
Sol. H B
O O
3. The maximum number of 90º angles between bond pair-bond pair of electrons is observed in :-
(1) dsp2 hybridization (2) sp3d hybridization [AIEEE 2004]
(3) dsp3 hybridization (4) sp3d2 hybridization
Ans. (4)
Sol. sp3d2 hybridsation has square bipyramidal geometry.
L
L L
M
L L
L
 there are 12 bond pair bond pair repulsion present.
CHEMICAL BONDING
4. Which one of the following specie is diamagnetic in nature ? [AIEEE-2005]
(1) He2+ (2) H2 (3) H2+ (4) H2–
Ans. (2)
Sol. H2 : 1s2 ; Diamagnetic (zero unpaired e–)

H +2 : 1s1 ; paramagnetic (one unpaired e–)
He +2 : 1s2, *1s1 ; paramagnetic (one unpaired e–)
H 2– : 1s2, *1s1 ; paramagnetic (one unpaired e–)
5. Which of the following molecule\ion does not contain unpaired electrons? [AIEEE-2006]
(1) N2+ (2) O2 (3) O22– (4) B2
Ans. (3)
Sol. O2–2
2pz
2px 2py ; zero unpaired e– diamagnetic
2px 2py
2pz
2s
2s
1s
1s
6. Among the following mixtures, dipole-dipole as the major interaction, is present in
[AIEEE-2006]
(1) KCl and water (2) benzene and carbon tetrachloride
(3) benzene and ethanol (4) acetonitrile and acetone
Ans. (4)
Sol. Dipole–dipole interaction is present in both polar species.
7. A metal, M forms chlorides in its +2 and +4 oxidation states. Which of the following statement
about these chlorides is correct ? [AIEEE-2006]
(1) MCl2 is more ionic than MCl4
(2) MCl2 is more easily hydrolysed than MCl4
(3) MCl2 is more volatile than MCl4
(4) MCl2 is more soluble in anhydrous ethanol than MCl4
Ans. (1)
Sol. (1) If polarization increases then covalent character increases and ionic character decreases in
the compound.
(2) MCl4 is more covalent ( Polarization  charge on cation) Hence MCl4 has greater
tendency to hydroyse.
(3) MCl4 has more molecular mass so it is less volatile
CHEMICAL BONDING
8. The decreasing values of bond angles from NH3 (106º) to SbH3 (91º) down group-15 of the
periodic table is due to [AIEEE-2006]
(1) decreasing lp – bp repulsion (2) increasing electronegativity
(3) increasing bp – bp repulsion (4) increasing p-orbital character in sp3
Ans. (4)
Sol. Refer Drago's Rule.
9. In which of the following ionization process, the bond order has increased and the magnetic
behaviour has changed [AIEEE-2007]
(1) NO  NO +
(2) O2  O2 +
(3) N2  N2 +
(4) C2  C2 +
Ans. (1)
Sol. (1) NO   NO+
B.O. = 2.5 3
(Paramagnetic) (Diamagnetic)
(2) O2   O +2
B.O. = 2 2.5
(Paramagnetic) (Paramagnetic)
(3) N2   N +2
B.O. = 3 2.5
(Diamagnetic) (Paramagnetic)
(4) C2   C+2
B.O. = 2 1.5
(Diamagnetic) (Paramagnetic)
10. Which of the following species exhibits the diamagnetic behaviour [AIEEE-2007]
(1) O2+ (2) O2 (3) NO (4) O22–
Ans. (4)
Sol. Refer to ans. 5
11. which one of the following pairs of species have the same bond order? [AIEEE-2008]
– + – + – –
(1) CN and NO (2) CN and CN (3) O2 and CN (4) NO and CN+
+
Ans. (1)
Sol. species Bond order
–
CN = 3
+
NO = 3
+
CN = 2.5
O 2– = 1.5
CHEMICAL BONDING
–1
12. The bond dissociation energy of B–F in BF3 is 646 kJ mol whereas that of C–F in CF4 is 515
kJ mol–1. The correct reason for higher B–F bond dissociation energy as compared to that of
C–F is :- [AIEEE-2009]
(1) Significant p – p interaction between B and F in BF3 whereas there is not possibility of
such interaction between C and F in CF4.
(2) Lower degree of p – p interaction between B and F in BF3 than that between C and F in
CF4
(3) Smaller size of B-atom as compared to that of C-atom
(4) Stronger  bond between B and F in BF3 as compared to that between C and F in CF4
Ans. (1)
Sol. Due to back bonding B–F bond order increases & strength of bond increases.
13. Using MO theory predict which of the following species has the shortest bond length ?
[AIEEE-2009]
– 2– 2+ +
(1) O2 (2) O2 (3) O2 (4) O2
Ans. (3)
1
Sol. Bond Length 
Bond order
14. Among the following the maximum covalent character is shown by the compound :-
[AIEEE-2011]
(1) AlCl3 (2) MgCl2 (3) FeCl2 (4) SnCl2
Ans. (1)
Sol. Covalent character  Polarization
and Polarization  charge an cation
15. Which one of the following molecules is expected to exhibit diamagnetic behaviour ?
(1) C2 (2) N2 (3) O2 (4) S2 [AIEEE-2013]
Ans. (2)
Sol. N2 ; 1s2, *1s2, 2s2, *2s2, 2 p 2x = 2 p 2y , 2 p 2z
- Zero unpaired e– Diamagnetic.
16. In which of the following pairs of molecules/ions, both the species are not likely to exist ?
[JEE-M-2013]
+ 2– – 2– 2+ – 2+
(1) H2 , He2 (2) H2 , He2 (3) H2 , He (4) H2 , He2
Ans. (3)
Sol. H 22 and He2 have zero bond order
CHEMICAL BONDING
– +
17. Stability of the species Li2, Li2 and Li2 increases in the order of :- [JEE-M-2013]
+ – – + – + –
(1) Li2 < Li2 < Li2 (2) Li2 < Li2 < Li2 (3) Li2 < Li2 < Li2 (4) Li2 < Li2 < Li2+
Ans. (2)
Sol. Stability  Bond order
18. Which one of the following properties is not shown by NO ? [JEE-M-2014]

(1) It combines with oxygen to form nitrogen dioxide
(2) It's bond order is 2.5
(3) It is diamagnetic in gaseous state
(4) It is a neutral oxide
Ans. (3)
Sol. No is paramagnetic with one unpaired e–
19. The correct order of thermal stability of hydroxides is : [JEE-M-2015 (on line)]
(1) Ba(OH)2 < Sr(OH)2 < Ca(OH)2 < Mg(OH)2
(2) Mg(OH)2 < Sr(OH)2 < Ca(OH)2 < Ba(OH)2
(3) Mg(OH)2 < Ca(OH)2 < Sr(OH)2 < Ba(OH)2
(4) Ba(OH)2 < Ca(OH)2 < Sr(OH)2 < Mg(OH)2
Ans. (3)
1
Sol. Thermal stability 
Polarization
Sol. Larger cation is able to stabilize polyatomic anion more than smaller cation.
20. Which of the alkaline earth metal halides given below is essentially covalent in nature :-
[JEE-M-2015 (on line)]
(1) SrCl2 (2) CaCl2 (3) BeCl2 (4) MgCl2
Ans. (3)
Sol. Halides of Be are essentially covalent in nature.
21. Which one of the following alkaline earth metal sulphates has its hydration enthalpy greater
than its lattice enthalpy ? [JEE-M-2015]
(1) BaSO4 (2) SrSO4 (3) CaSO4 (4) BeSO4
Ans. (4)
Sol. Be+2 has very high hydration enthalpy.
CHEMICAL BONDING
22. The intermolecular interaction that is dependent on the inverse cube of distance between the
molecules is :- [JEE-M-2015]
(1) London force (2) Hydrogen bond
(3) ion-ion interaction (4) ion-dipole interaction
Ans. (2 AND 4)
1
Sol. Ion dipole interaction of Hydrogen Bond  3
r
23. Which one has the highest boiling point ? [JEE-M-2015]

(1) Kr (2) Xe (3) He (4) Ne
Ans. (2)
Sol. Boiling Point  Molecular/Atomic Mass.
24. Which intermolecular force is most responsible in allowing xenon gas to liquefy?
(1) Ionic [JEE (MAIN) ONLINE 2016]
(2) Instantaneous dipole- induced dipole
(3) Dipole - dipole
(4) Ion - dipole
Ans. (2)
Sol. Instantaneous dipole Induced dipole Interaction is present between two non polar species.
25. The bond angle H–X–H is the greatest in the compound : [JEE (MAIN) ONLINE 2016]
(1) NH3 (2) H2O (3) PH3 (4) CH4
Ans. (4)
Sol. (1) NH3 : H N

107°
H
H
(2) PH3 : H P H
93.4°
H
(3) H2O : O
H 104.5°
H
H
109.8°
(4) CH4 : H C
H
H
CHEMICAL BONDING
26. Which of the following species is not paramagnetic? [JEE (MAIN) ONLINE 2017]
(1) NO (2) CO (3) O2 (4) B2
Ans. (2)
Sol. (i) NO is odd e– specie & is paramagnetic
(ii) CO is diamagnetic
(iii) O2 is paramagnetic having 2 unpaired e– in ABMO
(iv) B2 is paramagnetic having 2 unpaired e– in BMO
27. Which of the following is paramagnetic ? [JEE-MAIN-2017 (On-line)]

(1) CO (2) O22– (3) NO +
(4) B2
Ans. (4)
Sol. B2 : paramagnetic (2 unpaired e–)
2px 2py
*2s
2s
1s
1s
28. sp3d2 hybridization is not displayed by : [JEE-MAIN-2017 (On-line)]

(1) [CrF6]3– (2) BrF5 (3) PF5 (4) SF6
Ans. (1 AND 3)
Sol. [CrF6]–3 : d2sp3
BrF5 : sp3d2
PF5 : sp3d
SF6 : sp3d2
29. The number of S=O and S–OH bonds present in peroxodisulphuric acid and pyrosulphuric acid
respectively are : [JEE-MAIN-2017 (On-line)]

(1) ( 2 and 4) and (2 and 4) (2) (4 and 2) and ( 2 and 4)
(3) ( 2 and 2) and (2 and 2) (4) (4 and 2) and ( 4 and 2)
Ans. (4)
O O O O
Sol. HO–S–O–O–S–OH HO–S–O–S–OH
O O O O
Peroxy disulphuric acid Pyrosulphuric Acid
S=O Bonds = 4 S=O bonds = 4
S–OH Bonds = 2 S–OH bonds = 2
CHEMICAL BONDING
30. The correct sequence of decreasing number of -bonds in the structures of H2SO3, H2SO4 and
H2S2O7 is [JEE-MAIN-2017 (On-line)]
(1) H2S2O7 > H2SO4 > H2SO3 (2) H2SO3 > H2SO4 > H2S2O7
(3) H2S2O7 > H2SO3 > H2SO4 (4) H2SO4 > H2S2O7 > H2SO3
Ans. (1)
Sol.
31. The increasing order of the boiling point for the following compounds is : -
[JEE-MAIN-2017 (On-line)]
(I) C2H5OH (II) C2H5Cl (III) C2H5CH3 (IV) C2H5OCH3
(1) (III) < (II) < (I) < (IV) (2) (II) < (III) < (IV) < (I)
(3) (IV) < (III) < (I) < (II) (4) (III) < (IV) < (II) < (I)
Ans. (4)
Sol. Boiling point  Intermolecular Interaction
32. The number of P–OH bonds and the oxidation state of phosphorus atom in pyrophosphoric acid
(H4P2O7) respectively are : - [JEE-MAIN-2017 (On-line)]

(1) five and four (2) five and five (3) four and five (4) four and four
Ans. (3)
O O
P P
Sol. HO O OH
OH OH
Pyrophosphoric Acid
P–OH bonds = 4
Oxidation state of P = +5
CHEMICAL BONDING
33. The group having triangular planar structures is : - [JEE-MAIN-2017 (On-line)]
2– –
(1) CO3 ,NO3 ,SO3 (2) NCl3,BCl3,SO3
(3) NH3,SO3,CO32– (4) BF3,NF3,CO32–
Ans. (1)
O–
Sol. CO3–2 : O C sp2, triangular planar
O–
O
––
NO : O
3
N sp2, triangular planar
O
O
SO3 : O S sp2, triangular planar
O
34. In the molecular orbital diagram for the molecular ion, N2+, the number of electrons in the 2p
molecular orbitals is : [JEE Main online - 2018]
(1) 0 (2) 1 (3) 2 (4) 3
Ans. (2)
2pz
Sol.
2px 2py ; one unpaired e– present
2px 2py
2pz
2s
2s
1s
1s
35. Which of following is a Lewis acid ? [JEE Main online - 2018]

(1) PH3 (2) B(CH3)3 (3) NaH (4) NF3
Ans. (2)
CH3
Sol. B B has 6e– in valence shell, is electron deficient. It acts as Lewis Acid.
H3C CH3
CHEMICAL BONDING
36. (I) (II) [JEE Main online - 2018]
H—N---N---N
In hydrogen azide (above) the bond orders of bonds (I) and (II) are :
(I) (II)
(1) <2 >2
(2) >2 <2
(3) >2 >2
(4) <2 <2
Ans. (1)
+ –
Sol. H–N= N = N
(I) (II)
B.O. < 2 > 2
37. The decreasing order of bond angles in BF3, NH3, PF3 and I3– is : [JEE Main online - 2018]
(1) I3– > NH3 > PF3 > BF3 (2) I3– > BF3 > NH3 > PF3
(3) BF3 > I3– > PF3 > NH3 (4) BF3 > NH3 > PF3 > I3–
Ans. (2)
F
120°
B N
Sol. BF3 : F NH3 : H H
F 107°
H
PF3 : F P I 3 : I I
F I
109°28'
F
38. Xenon hexafluoride on partial hydrolysis produces compounds ‗X‘ and ‗Y‘. Compounds ‘X‘
and ‗Y‘ and the oxidation state of Xe are respectively : [JEE Main online - 2018]
(1) XeO2(+4) and XeO3(+6) (2) XeOF4(+6) and XeO3(+6)
(3) XeO2F2(+6) and XeO2(+4) (4) XeOF4(+6) and XeO2F2(+6)
Ans. (4)
Sol. XeF6 + H2O  XeOF4 + 2HF
(X)
XeOF4 + H2O  XeO2F2 + 2HF
(X)
CHEMICAL BONDING
39. Among the oxides of nitrogen : N2O3, N2O4 and N2O5 ; the molecule(s) having nitrogen-
nitrogen bond is/are : [JEE Main online - 2018]
(1) Only N2O5 (2) N2O3 and N2O5 (3) N2O5 and N2O5 (4) N2O3 and N2O4
Ans. (4)
O O
O O O
Sol. N2O3 : N—N or N N
O
O O
N2O4 : N—N
O O
40. Which of the following conversions involves change in both shape and hybridisation ?
[JEE Main online - 2018]
(1) NH3  NH4+ (2) CH4  C2H6
(3) H2O  H3O+ (4) BF3  BF4–
Ans. (4)
Sol. BF3  BF4
sp2 sp3
Trigonal planar Tetrahedral
41. A group 13 element ‗X‘ reacts with chlorine gas to produce a compound XCl 3 is electron
deficient and easily reacts with NH3 to form Cl3XNH3 adduct; however, XCl3 does not
dimerize. X is : [JEE Main online - 2018]
(1) B (2) Al (3) Ga (4) In
Ans. (1)
Sol. All the given statement regarding silicon are correct.
42. Which of the following best describes the diagram below of a molecular orbital?
(2) An antibonding  orbital

(1) A non-bonding orbital

(3) A bonding  orbital (4) An antibonding  orbital
Ans. (4)
Sol. Li2 :- 1s2 1s2 2s2
Li 2 :- 1s
2
1s2 2s1
Li 2– :- 1s
2
1s2 2s2 2s1
N  NA
Bond order :- B
2
3 2
Li 2 :- = 0.5
2
Both the Species having same bond order greater than zero, So they are stable
43
Li 2 :- = 0.5
2
CHEMICAL BONDING
43. In KO2, the nature of oxygen species and the oxidation state of oxygen atom are, respectively:
(1) Oxide and – 2 (2) superoxide and – 1/2
(3) Peroxide and – 1/2 (4) Superoxide and – 1
Ans. (2)
43. In KO2, K+ & O 2 ions are present O 2 is superoxide ion.
44. The number of P – O bonds in P4O6 is: [JEE Main online - 2018]
(1) 6 (2) 9 (3) 12 (4) 18
Ans. (3)
P
O O O
Sol. P O P
O O
P
12 P–O bonds are present
45. In XeO3F2, the number of -bond(s) , -bond(s) and lone pair(s) on Xe atom respectively are
(1) 5, 2, 0 (2) 4, 2, 2 (3) 5, 3, 0 (4) 4, 4, 0
Ans. (3)
F
O
O Xe
Sol. O
F
Number of  bonds = 5
Number of  bonds = 3
Number of lp bonds = 0
46. Identify the pair in which the geometry of the species is T-shpes and squarepyramidal,
respectively : [JEE Main online - 2018]
– –
(1) CIF3 and IO4 (2) ICl2 and ICI5
(3) XeOF2 and XeOF4 (4) IO3– and IO2F2–
Ans. (3)
O
F F F
Xe O Xe
Sol.
F F F
sp3d, bent-T shape sp3d2 square pyramidal
CHEMICAL BONDING
47. The incorrect geomerty is represented by : [JEE Main online - 2018]
(1) BF3 - trigonal planar (2) H2O - bent
(3) NF3 - trigonal planar (4) AsF5 - trigonal bipyramidal
Ans. (3)
Sol. NF3 : F N 3
F sp pyramidal
F
48. Correct statements among a to d regarding silicones are : [JEE Main online - 2019]
(a) They are polymers with hydrophobic character
(b) They are biocompatible.
(c) In general, they have high thermal stability and low dielectric strength.
(d) Usually, they are resistant to oxidation and used as grease.
(1) (a), (b) and (c) only (2) (a), and (b) only
(3) (a), (b), (c) and (d) (4) (a), (b) and (d) only
Ans. (3)
H
H H
2 centre-2 2 centre-2 electron
B B
Sol. electron bond bond
H H
H
3 centre-2
electron bond
3 centre 2 electron bond = 2
According to molecular orbital theory, which of the following is true with respect to Li2+ and
49.
Li2– ? [JEE Main online - 2019]
(1) Both are unstable (2) Li2 is unstable and Li2– is stable
+
(3) Li2+ is stable and Li2– is unstable (4) Both are stable
Ans. (4)
Sol. Li+ and Li– both have B.O. = 0.5
50. The one that is extensively used as a piezoelectric material is : [JEE Main online - 2019]
(1) Quartz (2) Amorphous silica (3) Mica (4) Tridymite
Ans. (1)
Sol. "On moving down the group in p-block lower oxidation state stability increases due to inert
pair effect". Correct order for stability of +1 oxidation is Al < Ga < In < Tl
CHEMICAL BONDING
51. Aluminium is usually found in +3 oxidation state. In contrast, thallium exists in +1 and +3
oxidation states. This is due to : [JEE Main online - 2019]
(1) lanthanoid contraction (2) lattice effect
(3) diagonal relationship (4) inert pair effect
Ans. (4)
Sol. (1) SiH4 : Electron precise (2) AlH3 : Electron deficient
(3) B2H6 : Electron deficient (4) GaH3 : Electron deficient
52. In which of the following processes, the bond order has increased and paramagnetic character
has changed to diamagnetic? [JEE Main online - 2019]
(1) O2  O2 2–
(2) O2  O2 +
(3) NO  NO +
(4) N2  N2+
Ans. (3)
Sol. Refer to answer 9.
53. The type of hybridisation and number of lone pair(s) on electrons of Xe in XeOF4 respectively,
are : [JEE Main online - 2019]
3 3 2 3
(1) sp d and 2 (2) sp d and 2 (3) sp d and 1 (4) sp3d2 and 1
Ans. (4)
O
F F
Sol. Xe sp3d2 number of lp on Xe = 1
F F
54. Two pi and half sigma bonds are present in : [JEE Main online - 2019]
(1) N2+ (2) N2 (3) O2+ (4) O2
Ans. (1)
Sol. N 2 : 1s2, *1s2, 2s2, *2s2, 2 p 2x =2 p 2y , 2 p 2z
55. The number of 2-centre-2-electron and 3-centre-2-electron bonds in B2H6, respectively, are:
(1) 2 and 2 (2) 4 and 2
(3) 2 and 4 (4) 2 and 1
Ans. (2)
H
H H
2 centre-2 2 centre-2 electron
B B
Sol. electron bond bond
H H
H
3 centre-2
electron bond
CHEMICAL BONDING
56. The chloride that cannot get hydrolysed is : [JEE Main online - 2019]
(1) SiCl4 (2) CCl4
(3) PbCl4 (4) SnCl4
Ans. (2)
Sol. CCl4 is the only chloride that do not get hydrolysed due to absence of vacant orbital in carbon‖
57. The relative stability of +1 oxidation state of group 13 elements follows the order :-
(1) Ga < Al < In < Tl (2) Al < Ga < In < Tl
(3) Al < Ga < Tl < In (4) Tl < In < Ga < Al
Ans. (2)
Sol. "On moving down the group in p-block lower oxidation state stability increases due to inert
pair effect". Correct order for stability of +1 oxidation is Al < Ga < In < Tl
58. The hydride that is NOT electron deficient is :- [JEE Main online - 2019]
(1) SiH4 (2) AlH3
(3) B2H6 (4) GaH3
Ans. (1)
H
8e– present in valence shell.
Si
H H
H
Sol.
59. The relative strength of interionic/ intermolecular forces in decreasing order is:

(1) dipole-dipole > ion-dipole > ion-ion (2) ion-dipole > dipole-dipole > ion-ion
(3) ion-dipole > ion-ion > dipole-dipole (4) ion-ion > ion-dipole > dipole-dipole
Ans. [4]
Sol. correct order is : ion–ion > ion–dipole > dipole–dipole
as we know the energy distance relation such as :
1
ion–ion 
r
1
dipole – dipole 
r3
1
ion–dipole 
r2
CHEMICAL BONDING
60. The dipole moments of CC14, CHC13 and CH4 are in the order : [JEE Main online - 2020]
(1) CH4 = CCl4 < CHCl3 (2) CC14 <CH4 < CHCl3
(3) CHCl3 < CH4 = CCl4 (4) CH4 < CC14 < CHCl3
Ans. [1]
Sol. CH4 and CCl4 both are non polar ( = 0) and CHCl3 is polar :
H Cl H
C C C
H H Cl Cl Cl Cl
H Cl Cl
=0 =0 0
Hence correct order is : CH4 = CCl4 < CHCl3
61. The number of bonds between sulphur and oxygen atoms in S2 O82 and the number of bonds
between sulphur and sulphur atoms in rhombic sulphur, respectively, are :
(1) 4 and 6 (2) 8 and 8 (3) 4 and 8 (4) 8 and 6
Ans. [2]
O O
S2O8–2 :- O S–O–O–S O  Number of bonds between
Sol.
O– O– Sulphur and oxygen = 8
rhombic  Number of S–S bonds = 8

sulphur (S8) :
62. The predominant intermolecular forces present in ethyl acetate, a liquid, are :
(1) London dispersion, dipole-dipole and hydrogen bonding [JEE Main online - 2020]
(2) hydrogen bonding and London dispersion

(3) Dipole-dipole and hydrogen bonding
(4) London dispersion and dipole-dipole
Ans. [4]
O
Sol. C  This is a polar molecule, so dipole-dipole
CH3 O–C2H5 is present between the molecule.
 LDF is present in all type of molecule.

Hence (4) is correct option.
CHEMICAL BONDING
63. Arrange the following bonds according to their average bond energies in descending order :
C – Cl, C – Br, C – F, C – I [JEE Main online - 2020]
(1) C – F > C – Cl > C – Br > C – I (2) C – Cl > C – Br > C – I > C – F
(3) C – I > C – Br > C – Cl > C – F (4) C – Br > C – I > C – Cl > C – F
Ans. [1]
Sol. Order of Bond energy
C – F > C – Cl > C – Br > C – I
2p–2p 2p–3p 2p–4p 2p–5p
66. If the magnetic moment of a dioxygen species is 1.73 B.M, it may be :

(1) O 2 or O 2 (2) O2 or O 2 (3) O2 or O 2 (4) O2, O 2 or O 2
Ans. [1]
Sol. According to M.O.T
O2 = 2 u. p. e–
O 2 = 1 u. p. e
O 2 = 1 u. p. e
So,
= n(n  2) B.M
O 2 and O 2 have mag moment 1.73 BM
SO, answer is (1)
65. The acidic, basic and amphoteric oxides, respectively, are: [JEE Main online - 2020]
(1) MgO, Cl2O, Al2O3 (2) N2O3, Li2O, Al2O3
(3) Cl2O, CaO, P4O10 (4) Na2O, SO3, Al2O3
Ans. [2]
Sol. MgO/Li2O/CaO/Na2O = Basic
Cl2O/N2O3/Cl2O/P4O10/SO3 = acidic
Al2O3 = amphoteric
So, Correct ans is (2)
66. The number of sp2 hybrid orbitals in a molecule of benzene is : [JEE Main online - 2020]
(1) 6 (2) 24 (3) 18 (4) 12
Ans. (3)
Sol. All carbon atoms are sp2 hybridised.
 Total number of sp2 hybridised atom in benzene = 6

 Total number of sp2 hybrid orbital = 6 × 3 = 18
CHEMICAL BONDING
67. The sum of the total number of bonds between chromium and oxygen atoms in chromate and
dichromate ions is ___________ : [JEE Main online - 2020]
Ans. (12)
O 2–
Sol. Chromate ion CrO4–2  Cr  number of Cr–O bond = 4

O O
O
O
O O
Dichromate ion Cr2O7–2  Cr Cr  Number of Cr–O bond = 8
O– O–
O O
 8 + 4 = 12 Ans.
[Note : kindly check]
CHEMICAL BONDING
EXERCISE # JEE-ADVANCE
1. The molecules that will have dipole moment are : [IIT–1992]
(A) 2, 2–dimethylpropane (B) trans-pent-2-ene
(C) cis-hex-3-ene (D) 2, 2, 3, 3–tetramethylbutane
Ans. (BC)
CH3
Sol. 2,2-dimethylepropane : H C C
3 CH3
CH3
PCl3F2 ;   0 (N.P.)
H CH3
Trans pent-2-ene : H C–H C O C
3 2 H
  0 (Polar)
H3C–H2C CH2–CH3
Cis hex-3-ene : O C
H H
  0 (Polar)
CH3 CH3
2,2,3,3-tetramethylbutane : H3C – C – CH3

CH3 CH3
 = 0 (Non polar)
2. Which of the following have identical bond order ? [IIT–1992]
(A) CN¯ (B) O2¯ (C) NO+ (D) CN+
Ans. (AC)
Sol. Specie Bond order
–
(1) CN - 3

(2) O 2 - 1.5
+
(3) NO - 3
+
(4) CN - 2
3. Among the following the one that is polar and has the central atom with sp2 hybridisation is :
(A) H2CO3 (B) SiF4 (C) BF3 (D) HClO2 [IIT–1997]
Ans. (A)
O–H
Sol. O C
O–H
sp2,  0 (polar)
CHEMICAL BONDING
4. Which of the following is soluble in water ? [IIT–98]
(A) CS2 (B) C2H5OH (C) CCl4 (D) CHCl3
Ans. (B)
Sol. Due to H-Bonding
5. The correct order of hybridization of the central atom in the following species NH3, [PtCl4]2–,
PCl5 and BCl3 is : [IIT–2001]
2 3 2 3 3 2 3 2
(A) dsp , sp d, sp and sp (B) sp , dsp , sp d, sp
2 2 3 3
(C) dsp , sp , sp , sp d (D) dsp2, sp3, sp2, sp3d
Ans. (B)
Sol. NH3  sp3
[PtCl4]–2  dsp2
PCl5  sp3d
BCl3  sp3
6. The common features among the species CN–, CO and NO+ are : [IIT–2001]
(A) bond order three and isoelectronic
(B) bond order three and weak field ligands
(C) bond order two and -acceptors
(D) isoelectronic and weak field ligands
Ans. (A)
Sol. CN–, CO & NO+ all have 14e–.
7. Which of the following molecular specie has unpaired electron(s) ? [JEE–2002]

(A) N2 (B) F2 (C) O2– (D) O22–
Ans. (C)
Sol. O 2 : 1s2, *1s2, 2s2, *2s2, 2 p 2z , 2 p 2x =2 p 2y , *2 p 2x =*2 p1y
One unpaired e– present
8. According to molecular orbital theory which of the following statement about the magnetic
character and bond order is correct regarding O2+ [JEE–2004]
(A) Paramagnetic and Bond order < O2
(B) Paramagnetic and Bond order > O2
(C) Diamagnetic and Bond order < O2
(D) Diamagnetic and Bond order > O2
Ans. (B)
Sol. O 2 : 1s2, *1s2, 2s2, *2s2, 2 p 2z , 2 p 2x =2 p 2y , *2 p1x =*2 p 0y
10 – 5
B.O. = = 2.5, paramagnetic
2
CHEMICAL BONDING
9. Among the following, the paramagnetic compound is [JEE–2007]
(A) Na2O2 (B) O3 (C) N2O (D) KO2
Ans. (D)
Sol. In KO2 ; O 2 has one unpaired e–.
10. The species having bond order different from that in CO is [JEE–2007]
(A) NO– (B) NO+ (C) CN– (D) N2
Ans. (A)
Sol. Bond order of CO = 3
Bond order of NO– = 2
11. Statement-1 : In water, orthoboric acid behaves as a weak monobasic acid. [JEE–2007]
Statement-2 : In water, orthoboric, acid acts as a proton donor.
(A) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; Statement-2 is a correct explanation for
Statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; Statement-2 is NOT a correct explanation for
Statement-1.
(C) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is False.
(D) Statement-1 is False, Statement-2 is True.
Ans. (C)
Sol. Ortho boric acid is weak monobasic acid. It accepts one OH– from water.
12. Statement-1 : Pb+4 compounds are stronger oxidizing agents than Sn4+ compounds
Statement-2 : The higher oxidation states for the group 14 elements are more stable for the
heavier members of the group due to 'inert pair effect' . [JEE–2008]

(A) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; Statement-2 is a correct explanation for
Statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; Statement-2 is NOT a correct explanation for
Statement-1.
(C) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is False.
(D) Statement-1 is False, Statement-2 is True.
Ans. (C)
Sol. Due to inert pair effect lower oxidation state becomes more stable down the group.
CHEMICAL BONDING
13. Match each of the diatomic molecules/ions in Column I with its property/properties in
Column II. [JEE–2009]
Column I Column II
(A) B2 (P) Paramagnetic
(B) N2 (Q) undergoes oxidation
(C) O2– (R) Undergoes reduction
(D) O2 (S) Bond order  2
(T) Mixing of 's' and `p' orbitals
Ans. A-P,Q,R,TB-Q,R,S,TC-P,Q,RD-P,Q,R,S
Sol. Mixing of s & p orbitals is present in the molecules having upto 124e– (Ex. B2, C2, N2)
B2 N2 O2
*2pz *2pz *2pz

*2px *2py *2px *2py *2px *2py
2pz 2pz 2px 2py
*2px 2py *2px 2py 2pz
2s 2s 2s
2s 2s 2s
*1s *1s 1s
1s 1s 1s
14. In the reaction [JEE–2009]

–
2X + B2H6  [BH2(X)2] [BH4] +
the amine(s) X is (are)

(A) NH3 (B) CH3NH2 (C) (CH3)2NH (D) (CH3)3N

Ans. (BC)
Sol. Species which can for H-bond can give symmetrical cleavage of B2H6. But as we know NH3 is
not ammine so the correct option are (B) & (C)
15. The species having pyramidal shape is [JEE–2010]
(A) SO3 (B) BrF3 (C) SiO32– (D) OSF2
Ans. (D)
Sol. S 3
O F sp trigonal pyramidal
F
CHEMICAL BONDING
16. Assuming that Hund's rule is violated, the bond order and magnetic nature of the diatomic
molecule B2 is [JEE–2010]
(A) 1 and diamagnetic (B) 0 and diamagnetic
(C) 1 and paramagnetic (D) 0 and paramagnetic
Ans. (A)
Sol. Assuming Hund's Rule is violated bond order of B2 will be
2pz
2px 2py
2pz
2px 2py
*2s
2s
*1s
1s
6–4
- B.O. = =1
2
- Zero unpaired electron = Diamagnetic
Subjective
17. The value of n in the molecular formula BenAl2Si6O18 is [JEE–2010]
Ans. (3)
Sol. n = 3 (Be3Al2Si6O18)
18. The total number of diprotic acids among the following is [JEE–2010]
H3PO4 H2SO4 H3PO3 H2CO3 H2S2O7

H3BO3 H3PO2 H2CrO4 H2SO3
Ans. (6)
Sol. H2SO4, H3PO3, H2CO3, H2S2O7, H2CrO4 and H2SO3 are diprotic.
19. Among the following, the number of elements showing only one non-zero oxidation state is
O, Cl, F, N, P, Sn, Tl, Na, Ti [JEE–2010]
Ans. (2)
Sol. F and Na.
CHEMICAL BONDING
20. Assuming 2s-2p mixing is NOT operative, the paramagnetic species among the following is :
[JEE Adv. 2014]
(A) Be2 (B) B2 (C) C2 (D) N2
Ans. (C)
Sol. Assuming 2s-2p mixing NOT operative.
C : 2pz
2
2px 2py
2px 2py
2pz
*2s
2s
*1s
s
- Paramagnetic
- 2 unpaired e– present
21. Match the orbital overlap figures shown in List-I with the description given in List-II and
select the correct answer using the code given below the lists. [JEE Adv. 2014]
List-I List-II
(P) (1) p – d  antibonding
(Q) (2) d – d  bonding
(R) (3) p – d  bonding

(S) (4) d – d  antibonding
Code :
P Q R S
(A) 2 1 3 4
(B) 4 3 1 2
(C) 2 3 1 4
(D) 4 1 3 2
Ans. (C)
Sol. when A.O. combine is same phase the B.M.O. will form and if A.O. combine in opposite phase
the ABMO will form
CHEMICAL BONDING
22. Three moles of B2H6 are completely reacted with methanol. The number of moles of boron
containing product formed is - [JEE Adv. 2015]
Ans. (6)
Sol. B2H6 + 6CH3OH  2B(OCH3)3 + 6H2
If 3 mole B2H6 reacts with CH3OH completely, 6 moles of B(OCH3)3 will be produced.
23. When O2 is adsorbed on a metallic surface, electron transfer occurs from the metal to O2. The
TRUE, statement (s) regarding this adsorption is (are) [JEE Adv. 2015]
(A) O2 is physisorbed
(B) heat is released
(C) occupancy of *2p of O2 is increased
(D) bond length of O2 is increased
Ans. (BCD)
Sol. O2 will accept e– in its *2p (ABMO) due to which B.O. will decrease and hence bond length
will increase.
24. According to Molecular Orbital Theory, [JEE Adv. 2016]

(A) C22– is expected to be diamagnetic
(B) O22+ is expected to have a longer bond length than O2
(C) N2+ and N2– have the same bond order
(D) He2+ has the same energy as two isolated He atoms
Ans. (AC)
Sol. (A) C22 Total no. of electrons = 14 so it is diamagnetic
(B) O22 Bond order = 3; 2 O Bond order = 2
  Bond length in O22 is less than bond length in O2.
(C ) Bond order of N 2 = 2.5
Bond order of He 2 = 1/2
  Some energy is released during the formation of He 2 from two isolated He atoms.
CHEMICAL BONDING
25. The order of the oxidation state of the phosphorus atom in H3PO2, H3PO4, H3PO3, and H4P2O6
is [JEE Adv. 2017]
(A) H3PO4 > H3PO2 > H3PO3 > H4P2O6
(B) H3PO3 > H3PO2 > H3PO4 > H4P2O6
(C) H3PO4 > H4P2O6 > H3PO3 > H3PO2
(D) H3PO2 > H3PO3 > H4P2O6 > H3PO4
Ans. (C)
Sol. let oxidation states of phosphorus in H3PO2, H3PO4, H3PO3 and H4P2O6 be w, x, y and z
respectively.
Thus, in H3PO2 :
3 × (+1) + w + 2 × (–2) = 0  w = +1
In H3PO4 :
3 × (+1) + x + 4 × (–2) = 0 x=+5
In H3PO3 :
3 × (+1) + y + 3 ×(–2) = 0  y = +3
In H4P2O6 :
4 × (+1) + 2z + 6 × (–2_ = 0  z = +4
Thus, the order of oxidation state is :
H3PO4 > H4P2O6 > H3PO3 > H3PO2
26. The correct statement(s) about the oxoacid, HClO4 and HClO is(are) [JEE Adv. 2017]
(A) HClO4 is more acidic than HClO because of the resonance stabilization of its anion
(B) HClO4 is formed in the reaction between Cl2 and H2O
(C) The central atom in both HClO4 and HClO is sp3 hybridized
(D) The conjugate base of HClO4 is weaker base than H2O
Ans. (ACD)
Sol. (i) Acidic nature µ +ve oxidation state of C.A.
O
(ii) HO—Cl O HO—Cl
O
3
sp sp3
(iii) stronger acid have weaker conjugate base.
27. The colour of the X2 molecules of group 17 elements changes gradually from yellow to violet
down the group. The is due to [JEE Adv. 2017]
(A) the physical state of X2 at room temperature changes from gas to solid down the group
(B) Decrease in HOMO-LUMO gap down the group
(C) decrease in * -* gap down the group
(D) decrease in ionization energy down the group
Ans. (BC)
Sol. Form F2 to I2 the energy gap between HOMO-LUMO decrease
In halogens the  ABMO is HOMO &  ABMO is LUMO.
CHEMICAL BONDING
28. Among the following, the correct statement(s) is (are) [JEE Adv. 2017]
(A) Al(CH3)3 has the three-centre two- electron bonds in its dimeric structure
(B) AlCl3 has the three-centre two-electron bonds in its dimeric structure
(C) BH3 has the three-centre two-electron bonds in its dimeric structure
(D) The Lewis acidity of BCl3 is greater than that of AlCl3
Ans. (ACD)
Sol. (A) Structure of Al2(CH3)6
H
H H
C
H3 C CH3
Al Al
H3 C CH3
C
H H
H
3C-2e– bond
(B) Structure of B2H6
H
H H
B B
H H
H
–
3C-2e bond
(C) Structure of Al2Cl6
Dative bond
–
(3C–2e bond)
Cl Cl Cl
Al Al
Cl Cl Cl
29. The option(s) with only amphoteric oxides is (are) [JEE Adv. 2017]
(A) Cr2O3 BeO, SnO, SnO2
(B) ZnO, Al2O3, PbO, PbO2
(C) NO, B2O3, PbO, SnO2
(D) Cr2O3, CrO, SnO, PbO
Ans. (AB)
Sol. Oxides of Pb, Zn, Al, Ga, Sn, Cr+3 are amphoteric.
CHEMICAL BONDING
30. Among H2, He2 , +
Li2, Be2, B2, C2, N2, O2–, and F2 the number of diamagnetic species is
(Atomic number H = 1, He = 2, Li = 3, Be = 4, B = 5, C = 6, N = 7, O = 8, F = 9)
[JEE Adv. 2017]
Ans. (6)
Sol. H2 : 1s2 (Diamagnetic)
He2+ : 1s2, *1s1 (Paramagnetic)
Li2 : 1s2, *1s2, 2s2 (Diamagnetic)
Be2 : 1s2, *1s2, 2s2 (Diamagnetic)
B2 : 1s2, *1s2, 2s2, 2px1 = 2py1 (Paramagnetic)
C2 : 1s2, *1s2, 2s2, 2s2, 2px2 = 2py2 (Diamagnetic)
N2 : 1s2, *1s2, 2s2, 2s2, 2px2 = 2py2, 2pz2 (Diamagnetic)
O2– : 1s2, *1s2, 2s2, 2s2, 2pz2 , 2px2 = 2py2, *2px2 =
*2py1(Paramagnetic)
F2 : 1s2, *1s2, 2s2, 2s2, 2pz2 , 2px2 = 2py2, *2px2 =
   *2py2(Diamagnetic)
31. The sum of the number of lone pairs of electrons on each central atom in the following species
is
[TeBr6]2–, [BrF2]+ , SNF3 and [XeF3]–
(Atomic number : N = 7, F = 9, S = 16, Br = 35, Te = 52, Xe = 54) [JEE Adv. 2017]

Ans. (6)
Sol. Species Central atom Lone pairs
[TeBr6]–2 Te 1
[BrF2]+ Br 2
SNF3 S 0
[XeF3]– Xe 3
Total number of lone pairs on C.A. = 6
CHEMICAL BONDING
32. Each of the following options contains a set of four molecules. Identify the option(s) where all
four molecules possess permanent dipole moment at room temperature. [JEE Adv. 2019]
(1) NO2, NH3, POCl3, CH3Cl (2) BeCl2, CO2, BCI3, CHCI3
(3) SO2, C6H5Cl, H2Se, BrF5 (4) BF3, O3, SF6, XeF6
Ans. (1 and 3)
Sol.
33. Among B2H6, B3N3H6, N2O, N2O4, H2S2O3 and H2S2O8, the total number of molecules
containing covalent bond between two atoms of the same kind is________ [JEE Adv. 2019]
Ans. (4.00)
Sol.
IIT CHEMISTRY
ENTHUSE
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ENTHUSE

2. Which of the following option is correct about Boiling point ?

4. Graphite is used as lubricant in high temperature machinery because:

5. Dipole-induced dipole interaction depends upon

8. Which of the following interaction is present in Xe6H2O

BENT'S RULE AND DRAGO'S

9. Which of the following order of bond angle is CORRECT.

 is 104. 5 and cos (104.5º) = –0.25]

%p character increases more

12. The correct order of dC–H in the following option is

13. The strongest P–O bond is found in the molecule

14. Consider the following compounds :

(I) ClF3 (II) BrF3

dN–N(N2H4) > dN–N(salt)

20. Select the correct statement about the reaction

21. Which of the following has highest bond energy ?

(C) The nature of back bond in both molecules is 2p – 3d

Total unshared oxygen atom = 10

ODD ELECTRON SPECIES

Sol. I+Cl – + H2O  HCl + IOH

37. Which of the following compound produce only oxyacid on hydrolysis :-

40. XeF6 on complete hydrolysis gives:

INERT PAIR EFFECT

Sol. Tl I3 exists as Tl+ and I3–

43. Statement-1: Hg22+ is good oxdising agent

46. Choose the correct code for the following statements.

(A) T T F F (B) T F F T (C) T F T F (D) F T T F

51. Which of the following order is CORRECT

52. Which of the following order is CORRECT about thermal stability.

 Li2CO3 < Cs2CO3

53. Which of the following order is/are INCORRECT:-

Sol. O 2 (15e – ) : 1s2  *1s2  2s

60. The molecular orbital with highest energy in a nitrogen molecule is

61. According to Molecular orbital theory which of the following is correct ?

(B) In C2 molecules both the bonds are  bonds

(B) In O2+, the O—O bond order increases

65. Which of the following oxyacid has S-S linkage :

N=O  sp  planar and polar

70. Which of the following molecule/atom has lowest enthalpy of fusion ?

71. Increasing order of stability of the +2 oxidation state of the ions ?

77. Statement I : dMn–O in MnO4– is less than that in MnO42–

2. The correct order of the boiling point is/are -

BENT'S AND DRAGO'S RULE

4. Which of the following statement(s) is/are CORRECT ?

(C) All P–F bond lengths are equal in PF5

 in NH3 < HPH

Si2Cl6 : Cl Si Si Cl , no bridge bond present

Si2H6 : H Si Si H , no bridge bond present

(C) 5-unit cyclic silicate having 2-oxygen shored for tetrahedrone

ODD ELECTRON SPECIES

15. Select correct statement about NO2 :

17. Which of the following statement is CORRECT :-

INERT PAIR EFFECT

(B) Covalent Nature  Polarising Power of Cation

25. Correct order of solubility in water will be?

26. Which of the following will give metal oxide on heating?

27. Which of the following order is/are CORRECT :-

(B) NO2 = N  sp2 (bent) planar, polar

(D) BO33 = B sp2(planar) non polar.

2pz 2pz *2pz