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L20

The document discusses double integrals over general regions. It defines a double integral over a region D as the integral over an enclosing rectangle R, where the function is the original function over D and 0 elsewhere. It classifies regions D into two types defined by boundaries and shows how to set up integrals for each. Examples are given for finding the area and volume of various shapes.

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32 views12 pages

L20

The document discusses double integrals over general regions. It defines a double integral over a region D as the integral over an enclosing rectangle R, where the function is the original function over D and 0 elsewhere. It classifies regions D into two types defined by boundaries and shows how to set up integrals for each. Examples are given for finding the area and volume of various shapes.

Uploaded by

vuongkien.work
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 12

Lecture 20: Double Integrals over General

Regions
In L19, we developed the idea of a double integral over a
rectangular region. Next, we will develop a more general
theory of integrals over a closed plane region using our es-
tablished results as a starting point.
Consider a function f (x, y) and a general plane region D.
We enclosed this region D in a rectangle R and define a
new function F (x, y) on R by


 (x, y) in D
F (x, y) =
 (x, y) not in D

If F is integrable over R, then we define the double


integral of f over D by
ZZ
f (x, y) dA =
D
L20 - 2

To evaluate the integral, we classify the region D into two


types:
Type I: D = {(x, y) | a ≤ x ≤ b, g1(x) ≤ y ≤ g2(x)}

ZZ
f (x, y) dA =
D

Type II: D = {(x, y) | c ≤ y ≤ d, h1(y) ≤ x ≤ h2(y)}


L20 - 3

ZZ
f (x, y) dA =
D
L20 - 4

ZZ
ex. Find 5 dA, where D is the triangle with vertices
D
at (0, 0), (0, 4) and (1, 4).
L20 - 5

ZZ
ex. Find x dA, where D is the region between y = x
D
2
and y = x in the first quadrant.
L20 - 6

Changing the Order of Integration


Sometimes changing the order of integration in the iterated
integral may simplify the evaluation process. It is useful
to use the limits in the original integral to first sketch the
region D.
Z 1Z 1 √
ex. Evaluate: √
x3 + 1 dx dy
0 y
L20 - 7

Z 1Z 3
2
ex. Evaluate: ex dx dy
0 3y
L20 - 8

Area of Regions by Double Integrals


Def. The area of the region D is A(D) =

ex. Set up a double integral that represents the area of the


region bounded by y = x2, y = −x + 12, and y = 4x + 12.

(0, 12)
(3, 9)
y = −x + 12
(−2, 4)

y = 4x + 12
L20 - 9

Region Between Two Surfaces


The techniques developed in this lecture can also be used
to determine the volume between two continuous surfaces
z1 = f (x, y) and z2 = g(x, y) with g(x, y) ≤ f (x, y) on a
region D in the xy-plane.

V =

ex. Set up an integral for the volume of the solid between


the surfaces z = x2 + y 2 and z = 9.

y
x
L20 - 10

Now You Try It (NYTI):


1. Find the volume below z = 1 − y above the region −1 ≤ x ≤ 1,
0 ≤ y ≤ 1 − x2 . 4/5

2. Find the volume in the first octant bounded by y 2 = 4 − x and


y = 2z. 2
L20 - 11

3. Evaluate (you may reverse the order of integration):


Z 1Z 1
sin x
(a) dx dy 1 − cos(1)
0 y x

Z 1Z 1
√
(b) y sin y dy dx sin(1) − cos(1)
0 x2
L20 - 12

4. Sketch the region of integration and change the order of integration.


Z π/2 Z cos x
Z 1 Z cos y −1

(a) f (x, y) dy dx f (x, y) dx dy


0 0
0 0

Z 2 Z √4−y2 √
Z 2 Z 4−x2
(b) f (x, y) dx dy √ f (x, y) dy dx
0 − 4−x2
−2 0

Z 10 Z ln(y) Z ln(10) Z 10
(c) f (x, y) dx dy f (x, y) dy dx
0 ex
1 0

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