YILDIZ TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY

SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES Week 13 (May 11-May 15)

2014-2015 Supplementary Material (New Language Leader Intermediate Unit 12)

A Level Teachers’ Copy

VOCABULARY

A) Read this letter and complete it with words from 1-10, a, b, or c.

Dear Sir
I read with interest your story yesterday about the young cyber (1) ____. My view of the (2) _____ is
that the boy in question should be put into some kind of prison for (3) ______. We cannot continue to
have these types of individuals (4) _______ the net and being allowed to steal. By ignoring the (5)
______ and not locking away such (6) ______, judges are sending out the wrong message to young
people. They are encouraging (7) _______ card theft. Not only that, but we’re paying taxes for our
police force to (8) _____ these crimes. If he was (9) _____ with theft then obviously he should be
punished and I think you will find that the (10) _____ of sensible people feel the same way.

Dr. R. Smithers, London

1 a) criminal b) robber c) robot

2 a) computer b) case c) police
3 a) someone b) juveniles c) people
4 a) surfing b) emailing c) texting
5 a) evidence b) boy c) news
6 a) keys b) crimes c) offenders
7 a) post b) credit c) pin number
8 a) look up b) find c) investigate
9 a) caught b) done c) charged
10 a) majority b) minority c) most

B) What type of crime do the newspaper headlines refer to? Choose one of these crimes for 1-10.

arson / murder / blackmail / forgery / mugging / speeding / kidnapping / burglary / hacking /

identity theft
1) Employee sets fire to factory! __arson______
2) Jewellery taken from house while couple slept. __burglary______
3) Seventy-year old with monthly pension attacked in street! _mugging________
4) Boy uses neighbour’s password to do online shopping! __identity theft_________
5) False bank notes found in back of van! _forgery_____
6) Police stop 200 kph driver! _speeding_____
7) Wife’s body found in garden! _murder_____
8) Million pounds asked for safe return of child! __kidnapping_____
9) Company president pays thousands for return of embarrassing photos! __blackmail_____
10) Teenager steals government information online! _hacking______

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YILDIZ TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES Week 13 (May 11-May 15)
2014-2015 Supplementary Material (New Language Leader Intermediate Unit 12)

A Level Teachers’ Copy

C) Choose a word to complete each sentence. You can use some words more than once.

behaviour / tradition / relationship / link / decision / circle

1) His prison sentence was reduced for good _behaviour________.
2) Many people say crime is a part of vicious _circle______ caused by poverty.
3) I don’t want to make a long-term career _decision_______ until I’ve finished my degree.
4) I know a lot of people but only a few are part of my close __circle______ of friends.
5) Do you think there is a genetic _link / relationship________ between personality and crime?
6) She has a very close _relationship_______ with her mother.
7) There’s a long __tradition_____ in our family of all our relatives meeting in May for an annual reunion.
8) Most criminal __behaviour_________ can be explained by a person’s family background.
D) Read clues 1-12 and find the words in the word search below.
1) A criminal who steals.
2) Detectives look for these on windows.
3) Money for the return of a kidnap victim.
4) A victim held by criminals.
5) A person who represents people in court.
6) Police think this person might have done it.
7) Robbers make this when they escape.
8) People who take victims and ask for ransom.
9) They hold a lot of money.
10) What the person in number 1 is guilty of.
11) People who chase criminals.
12) A person who enters computer systems illegally.

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YILDIZ TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES Week 13 (May 11-May 15)
2014-2015 Supplementary Material (New Language Leader Intermediate Unit 12)

A Level Teachers’ Copy

KEY LANGUAGE
A) Write one of these words to complete each sentence.

witnesses / mind / evidence / innocent / facts / defendant / punishment / jury / minds / case
1) Let me summarise the main __facts______ for you.
2) The _evidence_____ clearly shows he is guilty.
3) I don’t think the facts of the __case___ are very clear.
4) I’ve made up my __mind________.
5) There should be no doubt in your __minds_______ that this man is guilt.
6) I will bring __witnesses___ who can confirm that the accused was there at the time of the kidnapping.
7) Members of the __jury______, the facts are very simple.
8) I am confident that you will find the _defendant______ guilty.
9) You have to decide the _punishment_________ to fit the crime.
10) I believe he’s _innocent______ because he has no other previous criminal record.
B) Complete these dialogues with sentences in Exercise A.
Dialogue 1:
A: ___Sentence 2______________________________________________________________________
B: Do you think so? I’m not so sure. They still haven’t found any proof that he was at the scene.
A: Yes, but who else could it be?
Dialogue 2:
A: I think you should stay and talk about it.
B: Well, __Sentence 4_________________________ and I’m going to.
A: Please don’t!
Dialogue 3:
A: What do you think about the accused?
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YILDIZ TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES Week 13 (May 11-May 15)
2014-2015 Supplementary Material (New Language Leader Intermediate Unit 12)

A Level Teachers’ Copy

B: __Sentence 10__________________________________________________.
A: But just because he hasn’t broken the law before, it doesn’t mean he isn’t guilty.
Dialogue 4:
A: So how are you going to prove he was there?
B: ___Sentence 6_________________________________________________.
A: Well, if you have people who actually saw him, that would probably convince the jury.
GRAMMAR
A) Complete the email, using the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

Help!
Hi Mum and Dad
I’m afraid I have to ask you for some money – and I’m very ashamed to tell you about this. You see, I
lost my job a few weeks ago. I deserved it because I upset a customer – if I hadn’t been rude to the
customer, my boss _wouldn’t have fired______ (fire) me. And I was in debt because of the car –
obviously, I wouldn’t have got into debt if I __hadn’t bought_____________ (not buy) the car, but I
needed it for work. Then, one day recently I was in a local shop and I took some money from the till. If it
hadn’t been open, I __wouldn’t have taken__________ (not take) the money, but it was so easy. I left
the shop before they noticed, but then, a couple of days later I went back into the shop and the
shopkeeper saw me. That was really stupid – if I __hadn’t gone back_______ (not go back), he
wouldn’t have recognized me. I denied taking the money, so he called the police, and they arrested me.
If I’d admitted it to the shopkeeper and paid him back, he __wouldn’t have married___might not have
called______ (not call) the police. So … can I borrow £500 to pay the fine? I know I’ve been stupid – if
I __had asked__________ (ask) for your help weeks ago, this wouldn’t have happened.
Love Harry

B) Rewrite the sentences to make Type III Conditional sentences.

1) The robber didn’t order coffee, so the clerk wasn’t able to open the cash till.
__If the robber had ordered coffee, the clerk would have been able to open the cash till.________
2) Because the thief left evidence, he was arrested by the police.
__If the thief hadn’t left the evidence, he wouldn’t have been arrested by the police._____________
3) A burglar called his mother from his victim’s house. As a result, the police were able to catch the
burglar.
__The police wouldn’t have caught the burglar if he hadn’t called his mother from his victim’s
house._
4) My life hasn’t been very exciting because I have never tries any extreme sports.
_My life would have been more exciting if I had tried some extreme sports._________________
5) My brother didn’t get good marks at school because he spent most of his time training for the cross-
country running.
_My brother would have got better marks at school if he hadn’t spent most of his time training for
the cross-country running.______
6) Your parents aren’t happy that you haven’t given up parachuting.
__Your parents would have been very happy if you had given up parachuting. _____________
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YILDIZ TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES Week 13 (May 11-May 15)
2014-2015 Supplementary Material (New Language Leader Intermediate Unit 12)

A Level Teachers’ Copy

7) We sailed as far as the island because we didn’t know the storm was coming.
_We wouldn’t have sailed as far as the island if we had known that the storm was coming._______
8) They went hiking in bad weather because they hadn’t listened to the weather forecast.
__If they had listened to the weather forecast, they wouldn’t have gone hiking in bad weather.____
9) We didn’t have a barbecue because it was so cold.
_If the weather / it hadn’t been so cold, we would have had a barbecue.___________________
10) They moved house because the company closed.
__If the company hadn’t closed, they wouldn’t have moved house._______________________
C) Read the text and choose word(s) A, B, C, or D for each space.
I wanted to have a good holiday (1) _
_____ go to Italy. You can find everything (2) ______ want if you go there. If you wanted, you (3)
________ go to the seaside or take a sightseeing tour. But if I (4)________ you, I would go to the
mountains. If you go to the Alps, for example, you (5) ________ do both downhill skiing and cross-
country skiing in winter. There are miles of wonderful runs and trails! If you go in the summer, you can
go hiking or climbing. If you’d come with me last summer, you (6) _________ to the top of Mount
Rosa. You really (7) ________ there! It was awesome! All the lower peaks beneath us looked like rocks
in a blue sea. And then the changing colours at sunset! We slept in the highest hut. Accommodation was
basic, of course, but the atmosphere was so warm and friendly that I (8) ___________ there much longer
if I (9) ____________ enough time off work.
How about the Appennines? If I (10) __________ talking about the resorts there, I would never finish! I
guess you don’t know that you can learn to ski not far from Rome, on the slopes of Gran Sasso. And (11)
_________ you believe me if I told you that you can ski in the South of Italy? The Sila Massif in
Calabria offers 2 downhill runs and 35 km of cross-country trails. If you (12) _______ your holiday
now, you can see for yourself.

1 a) I’d b) I c) I’ve d) I’ll

2 a) they’re b) you’ve c) you d) they
3 a) should b) could c) would d) can
4 a) be b) am c) was d) were
5 a) can b) would c) will d) -
6 a) had climbed b) could climb c) could have climbed d) climbed
7 a) should be b) would be c) had been d) should have been
8 a) could have stayed b) had stayed c) would stay d) could stay
9 a) had b) had had c) have had d) have
10 a) started b) start c) would start d) will start
11 a) do b) would have c) will d) would
12 a) booking b) book c) would book d) will book

D) Complete the text with phrases from the box.

could they have been used / might have been / must have been drawn /
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YILDIZ TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES Week 13 (May 11-May 15)
2014-2015 Supplementary Material (New Language Leader Intermediate Unit 12)

A Level Teachers’ Copy

could the Nazca people have managed / must have been / could have had

The Nazca lines are gigantic drawings of geometric shapes, animals, spiders and fish drawn by the Nazca
people in the Peruvian desert. Scientists believe they (1) _must have been drawn___ over 2,000 years ago.
One of the most amazing things about these pictures is that they can only be seen from the air, so how (2)
__could the Nazca people have managed_ to draw such enormous pictures?
Various theories have been put forward. Erich von Daniken was positive that they (3) __must have been___
the work of a superior race of aliens from another planet. He thought the lines made an airfield for alien
spaceships. How (4) _could they have been used________ as an airfield? Firstly, the lines would have been
too confusing and secondly, if aliens had landed there, why were there no marks left by their spacecraft?
Other theories suggest that the line (5) __might have been______ for root races, for irrigation or for
astronomical purposes. But none of these could really explain the lines. More probable theories have been
made since then. Perhaps the lines (6) __could have had___________ a religious purpose; a place created
by the Nazca for their gods. Yet nobody had ever explained the Nazca lines and they remain a wonderful
mystery.

E) Choose the correct answer, A, B or C below.

Gaby: Did you read about the ‘man with no name’ in the paper?
Nick: No, what was the story?
Gaby: The police found this very confused man walking on the beach. He (0) ________ remember his
name or where he was from.
Nick: He (1) _________ a car accident or something.
Gaby: No, he (2) _________. He doesn’t have any injuries.
Nick: Well, he (3) ________ suffering from some sort of memory loss…
Gaby: Maybe. But he seemed to be quite healthy.
Nick: What about his personal possessions? He (4) __________ a wallet or something.
Gaby: No, he wasn’t carrying anything.
Nick: They (5) _________ stolen by someone.
Gaby: I suppose so. But the police don’t seem to think that this was the case.
Nick: How strange. (6) ___________ an illegal immigrant?
Gaby: No. he (7) ___________. He spoke to the police in fluent English, with a local accent.
Nick: Don’t the police have any idea who he is? I mean, they (8) _________ looked at their missing
persons records.
Gaby: Yes, but they didn’t find a match. It’s a real mystery…

0 a) couldn’t have b) couldn’t c) must

1 a) must have had b) must have c) might have been having
2 a) could have b) might have c) couldn’t have
3 a) must have b) might have been c) can’t have been
4 a) must have had b) shouldn’t have c) couldn’t have had
5 a) could being b) must to be c) might have been
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YILDIZ TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES Week 13 (May 11-May 15)
2014-2015 Supplementary Material (New Language Leader Intermediate Unit 12)

A Level Teachers’ Copy

6 a) Could he have been b) Might be he c) Could he being

7 a) shouldn’t have been b) should be c) can’t have been
8 a) mightn’t have been b) must have c) shouldn’t have
F) Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets.
1) Some people think it is possible that the ancient Egyptians crossed the Atlantic. (might)
_The ancient Egyptians might have crossed the Atlantic.___________________________
2) They think it is possible that the Egyptians traded with America more than 3,000 years ago. (could)
__The Egyptians could have had traded with America more than 3,000 years ago._________
3) The discovery of silk in mummies also suggests that it’s possible the Egyptians traded with China.
(could)
__The discovery of silk in mummies also suggests that the Egyptians could have traded with
China.__
4) And because there are pyramids in Central America, it’s possible that the Mayas got the idea for
building pyramids from Egypt. (might)
_And because there are pyramid in Central America, the Mayas might have got the idea for
building pyramids from Egypt.___
5) It’s a pity you didn’t tell me about the party. (should)
__You should have told me about the party._________________________________
6) I realize that it was a terrible experience for you. (must)
__It must have been a terrible experience for you.__________________________
EXTRA PRACTICE
A) Complete the paragraphs with the most appropriate sentences.
1. Influenza develops after the virus enters a person’s nose or mouth. It causes muscle pain, sudden high
blood temperature, breathing problems and weakness. ___________. But it can be very dangerous. It is
especially dangerous to the very young, the very old and those with weakened defences against disease.
A. The virus stopped spreading completely after the treatment
B. Generally, most people feel better after a week or two
C. Then, they changed the temperature and humidity levels
D. But they did not really know why until recently
E. They say it is because the virus remains in the air longer
2. A fax machine works by scanning each outgoing page, turning the image into a series of light and dark
dots. This pattern is then translated into audio tones, and sent over regular phone lines. The receiving fax
‘hears’ the tones, pieces the grid together, and prints the total number of dots. ___________.
A. He invented a machine capable of receiving signals from a telegraph wire
B. The idea of fax machines has been around for a long time
C. They were an easy way to send documents to any phone number
D. The resulting document is a black and white copy of the original page
E. Then he finally managed to translate these symbols into images on paper

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YILDIZ TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES Week 13 (May 11-May 15)
2014-2015 Supplementary Material (New Language Leader Intermediate Unit 12)

A Level Teachers’ Copy

3. Dogs are easy to educate. Well-educated dogs are sometimes used as watchdogs. _____________. It is
interesting, though, that these dogs, which can become terrifyingly wild in times of danger, pose no harm
to their owners. In the face of a threat, they put their lives in danger to save their owners.
A. There are hundreds of dog species of different colors and sizes
B. A watchdog can stop a creature that is five to six times bigger
C. Dogs have 42 teeth, that is, 10 more than human beings
D. They were able to perceive moving objects from farther away
E. This extraordinary sense of smell itself is a miracle

B) Choose the sentence which has the closest meaning to the given one.

1. You can renew your passport whenever you wish, but you must pay the full fee."
A. You would have paid the full fee if you had wanted to renew your passport.
B. Even if you don't renew your passport on time, you are not charged the full fee.
C. The fee for a new passport depends on why you wish to renew it.
D. The time when you renew your passport is not important as long as you pay the full fee.
E. You might be charged the full fee if you didn't inform the authorities that your passport is about
to expire.

2. Even though many of us don't suffer from a mental disorder, it is clear that some of us are mentally
healthier than others.

A. Many people who are diagnosed as having mental disorder are mentally healthier than we are.
B. The proportion of those who have been identified as having a mental disorder is higher than that
of the mentally healthy.
C. Compared to the number of mentally healthy, the number of people with a mental disorder is
increasing.
D. It is not clear how many people suffer from a mental disorder since many of them seem mentally
healthy
E. That some of us are not as mentally healthy as others is obvious but the number of people
having a mental disorder is not very high.

3. After failing a doping test at the Seoul Olympics, Ben Johnson was stripped of his gold medal.

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YILDIZ TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES Week 13 (May 11-May 15)
2014-2015 Supplementary Material (New Language Leader Intermediate Unit 12)

A Level Teachers’ Copy

A. At the Seoul Olympics Ben Johnson and many others were disqualified after failing a doping test.
B. If Ben Johnson hadn't been tested positive for doping at the Seoul Olympics, he wouldn't
have lost his gold medal.
C. Since Ben Johnson confessed having used doping his gold medal was taken back.
D. As Ben Johnson failed the doping test again at the Seoul Olympics, he was stripped of his gold
medal.
E. Although Ben Johnson failed the doping test he wasn't disqualified from the Seoul Olympics.