I

Suryasatakam
of
Mayur Bhatta
( with Sanskrit, Hindi, English, Commentary)

CHOWKHAMBA SANSKRIT SERIES OFFICE

VARANASI
 r

CHOWKHAMBA SANSKRIT STUDIES

CXXIV

of

Mayur Bhatta

by
Sri Bhubaneswar Kar
M.A., Sahityacharya,
Reader in Sanskrit (Retired)
At/P.O. Baunsa Gadia,
Distt. Nayagarh,
Orissa-752080

Assisted by-Sri Maheswar Acharya

Retired High School Pandit

Translated into English

by
Dr. Dinabandhu Kar
Reader in Sanskrit,
J.K.B.K. College, Cuttack (Orissa)

Introduction and Hindi translation by

Dr. Kamalalochan Kar

Reader in Sanskrit,
D.D. College, Keonjhar (Orissa)
Publisher : Chowkhamba Sanskrit Series Office, Varanasi
Printer : Chowkhamba Press, Varanasi
Composing : Modern Computer, Varanasi
Edition : First, 2004

ISBN :
81-7080-133-8

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CHOWKHAMBA SANSKRIT STUDIES
CXXIV
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(An Oriya translation of the book "A History of Sanskrit

Literature" by Prof. A.B. Keith)
 Adideva namastubhyam prasida mama bhaskara I

Divakara namastubhyam prabhakara namo'stu te I

Since time immemorial people all over the world have

been worshipping the Sun-God. In t

different elements of nature were deified ;

and Goddesses, Sun had also occupied a prominent

many respects He is an embodiment of natural and super-natu-
ral powers. Philosophically analysed, the Sun-God has been
identified with the Vital Principle in man and in cosmos.

In Mexican,
of the Sun-God is remarkable. Excavations at different places

in Mexico, Egypt and Iran have revealed that people in very

olden times were worshipping the Sun-God. Besides these ar-

eas, people in the whole of Southern Europe, the East, North-

East America and Australia were also worshipping the Sun in

some form or other.

Sun is indeed the symbol of the Supreme,

resplendent mamtestai of the Brahman. In sacerdotal Brah-
manism the Asvamedl •
in;

India. The sole aim of this sacrifice was to gain victory over the

foes in one hand and progeny and prosperity on the other. In

this sacrifice the presiding deity is Suryadeva, the Sun-God.

The horse which is sacrificed in this holy performance is the

symbol of the Sun-God too.

The excavations at Mohen-jo-daro and Harappa by Sir
 vi Suryasatakam

civilization. There is clear cut evidence that the people of Indus

valley civilization worshipped the Sun-God. According to

Marshall, the wheel, circle with radiant rays, bird and the bull
artd the swastika mark were the symbols of the Sun. The seals
and potteries that came to light bear such symbols of the Sun-
God.
In Japan the Sun-God is worshipped in the name of
1

Nitten. In ancient Greece Apollo has been described as the

Sun-God.

Sun-God in the Vedic Literature

There is every probability that the Proto- Aryans who were
the common ancestors of the Vedic Aryans and the Iranian Ary-
ans lived in the Balkh area in Afghanistan of Central Asia and
prayed to the. Sun-God. The Rg Vedic poets were deeply moved
by the mysterious working of the awe-inspiring forces of nature.
Since Vedic times the ancestors have recognised the divine
power in the sun. The sun is the greatest source of light. Light
is the symbol of knowledge. The sun in the Rg Veda may be
identified with the Brahman, the Supreme Reality. 2
In the Vedic period the Sun-God has been adored by the
Vedic seers. This God saves the individual from sin, shame, dis-
honour and disease. Not only does He offer blessings but also 1

gives wealth, health, fame and food. His seven horses along
with the chariot have been described in the Rg Veda 3 Some-.

times usas has been described as His bride 4

, sometimes as His
1 . P. Banerjee, "Hindu deities in Central Asia", Imprints of Indian
Thought and Culture Abroad, 1980, Madras, p. 72.

2. Md. Israil Khan, "Rg vedic symbols of the Sun and the Usas",
Summ. of Papers, AIOC, XXXII, 1984, p. 13.

3. Rg Veda I 50.8-9; IV 13.3.

4. Rg Veda VII 75.5.

 Introduction vii

6
mother 5 and sometimes as his beloved . He is verily the sole

cause of this world.

Among the natural phenomena it is the sun which is the

most dominant expression of grandeur. With the rising of the

sun all the living beings of the whole world awake to life and
when the sun sets, there is the inactivity of sleep, the seeming
death. So it is quite obvious on the part of the primitive mind
to conceive the sun as the one source of life and energy. It is

noteworthy that the worship of the sun was a universal phenom-

enon since antiquity. Thus in the Vedic age the Sun-God of the
primitive mind got transformed and sublimated. He became the

j. He in fact is the supra cosmic, eternal,

imeless. He supports this cosmic manifestation

The Rgveda speaks of five solar deities. They are

Savitrdeva, Surya, Mitra, Pusan and Visnu. These Gods have

been independently praised. Sometimes they are associated
with other deities.

sam no mitrah sam varunah

saw no bhavatvaryama I

sam na indro brhaspatih

8
sam no visnururukramah II

"Propitious unto us Mitra; propitious Varuna;

propitious unto us may Aryaman be;

propitious unto us Indra; Brhaspati;

propitious unto us Visnu, the widestrider."

5. Rg Veda VII 78.3.

6. Rg Veda VII 80.2.
7. Rg Vedal. 115.1.
8. Rg Veda 1.9.9
 viii Suryasatakam

A deep study of the Rg Vedic mythology proves that the

mythological concepts of Mitra and Aryaman are a sort of ex-
tension of the concept of Varuna 9 .

Savitr is the stimulator God. He is a golden deity with

golden hands and golden arms. He ascends a golden car too. He
raises his golden arms to bless all the creatures. The other Gods
follow Savitr's lead. No being, not even the most powerful Gods
Indra and Varuna go against his will.

In the Rg Veda Savitr stands for the enlivening or quick-

ening aspect of the sun. The world 'Savitf literally means-the
impeller or enlivener. He is good-complexioned. He beholds
all creatures. At times in the Rg Veda Savitr has been described
as different from Surya and sometimes both are spoken of indis-
criminately. According to Sayana, the sun is called Savitr be-
fore rising. From sunrise to sunset the sun is called Surya.
However, Yaska holds, "The time of Savitr's appearance is when
darkness has been removed and the rays of light have become
diffused over the sky." Oldenberg does not take Savitr in ex-
actly same as Surya. But Hillebrandt on the other hand opines
that there are enough justifications in the Rg Veda to prove that
10
both are the same. Many scholars believe that the sun at the
down is Savitr, the Ultimate Principle".

Surya is the God of dyuloka, the celestial world. He is a

God of Indo-European origin. Surya (cognate inname to the
Greek Helios) has been addressed in about ten hymns of the Rg

9. R.N. Dandekar, "Reflections on Vedic Mythology", ABORI, Vol

LXX, 1989, p. 4.

10. R.N. Dandekar, "New Light on the Vedic God Savitr", ABORI,
Vol. XX, pp293-99.
11. S. Anand, "SavitrT and Satyavat : A Contemporary Reading",
ABORI, Vol. LXIX, 1988, p.5.
 Introduction ix

Veda. He is a concrete solar deity. It is the luminary. He has

12
been born from the eyes of Virat . He is also described as the
13
son of Dyauh and Aditi. Usas is his consort . Surya is drawn
15
in a car by seven horses
14
. The Adityas prepare his path . He
is the preserver of all the things that are

is moving 16
. He is far-seeing. He can see all

actions of all beings. In the Rg Veda the solar disc is also called

the eye of Surya or the eye of Mitra-Varuna of Agni or the Gods.

Surya not only sees everything, but also is the spy of the entire

world. Sometimes Surya is described as having one horse or

sometimes seven swift horses. Usas produces Surya. Like a

lover Surya follows the radiant Goddess Usas. He arouses all
sleeping beings, specially human beings and engages them in

a mottled bull or a brilliant steed. He is the gem He

of the sky.

is also described as a variegated stone set amidst Heaven. He is

also described as a brilliant weapon, a wheel. His primary job

is to dispel darkness. He casts off this darkness like a skin. He
measures the days and prolongs life. It is said that he drives

away diseases and also evil dreams. He is all-creating. All liv-

17
ing beings depend on him .

19
The Surya-sukta is regarded as an akhyana hymn
x% This .

hymn consists of 47 loosely connected mantras. The subject

1 2. Rg Veda X.90. (Purusa sukta)

13. #gV«faVII.75.5.
14. Rg Veda VII.63.2.
15. Rg VedaVH.60.4.

17. A. A. Macdonell, Hymns from the Rigveda, 1966, pp. 29-30.

18. RgVedaX.%5.
19. ML Winternitz, A history of Indian Literature, Vol. I. p.97.
 X Suryasatakam »

matter of this hymn is the wedding of Surya, the daughter of

Surya, viz. the dawn, with Soma, the moon. Here the two
Asvins have played the role of bride-suitors.
When Surya rolls up the dark like a skin, the stars slik

away like thieves. When Surya shines forth from the lap of the
dawn, Gods place him in heaven as a form of Agni. Surya is
20
said to be the face of Agni . He is verily the life of the whole
21
world.

There is a hymn of Aruna in the 'prathama prasna' of the

Taittiriya Aranyaka of the Krsna Yajurveda. It has got 130 pas-
sages written in prose. The rsi is Aruna. The devata is Aditya.
Mitra stands for the beneficent side of the sun's power. He
is primarily a pre-Vedic deity 22 . He may be compared with the
Zoroastrian God Mithra. It is significant to note that only one
23
hymn has been fully addressed to Mitra. So Ghate rightly
opines that Mitra though one of the oldest Gods of the Rg Veda,
owing to his identification with the Iranian Mithra, has lost his
24
independent individuality in the Rg Veda .

Mitra manly stimulates people to activity. He holds fast

both the earth and the heaven. Primarily he watches the people
ceaselessly. Mitra is generally invoked along with Varuna.
Pusan has been invoked in some eight hymns of the Rg
Veda. He is the Prosperer God. It is the beneficent power of
the great god sun. He is manifested mainly as a pastoral deity.
His car is drawn by goats. He carries a goad. Thus he is a shep-

20. Rg Veda X.7.3.

21. Rg Veda 1.1 15.1.
22. Swami Sharvananda, "The Vedas and Their Religious Techings",
The Cultural Heritage of India, Vol. I. p. 188.
23. Rg Veda 111.59.
24. V.S. Sukthankar, Ghate's Lectures on Rigveda, 1966.
p. 153.
 Introduction XI

herd God. Bloomfield states "His Chief claim to usefulness is

that he knows the roadways; protects from their dangers such as

wolves and robbers; guards cattle so that they be not dashed to

pieces in the ravine; brings them home unhurt, when they have
25
ind in general, restores lost things.

n is a deity having a vague personality. The Rg Vedic

have given very few anthropomorphic details of this god.
seers

Pusan possesses beard and braided hair. He carries a golden

spear, an awl and a goad. Karambha "gruel" is his favourite

food. He is specially connected with marriage in the wedding

hymn 26
. He acts as the envoy of Surya with his golden aerial

ships and as a charioteer drives downward the golden wheel of

the sun.
27
Most probably, this god is the beneficent power of
the sun manifested mainly for its pastoral aspect.

In the Upanisads Pusan simply stands for the sun .

Visnu is partly Aryan as it is a form of the Sun-God. It is

partly Dravidian as sky-God whose colour is blue like the

it is a

sky. The term Visnu may be compared to Tamil Vin "sky" and

the Middle Indo-Aryan or Prakrt form of Visnu which is vinhu

29
or venhu .

In the Rg Veda Visnu is less frequently invoked than

Surya, Savitr and Pusan. He takes three strides (tripat) cover-

ing the three worlds. This refers to the course of the sun. Ac-
cording to Sakapuni, an ancient commentator, these three strides
are the three manifestations of one and the same God, Agni on

25. Bloomfield, Religion of the Veda, p. 170.

26. Kg Veda X. 85.

27. V.M. Apte, "Religion and Philosophy", The Vedic Age, p. 370.

28. Isavasyopanisad verses 15 and 16.

29. P.T. Srinivasa Iyengar, Life in Ancient India in the Age of the
Mantras, p. 126.
xii Suryasatakam

earth, Indra or Vayu in the atmosphere and sun in heaven. But

Aurnababha holds that they are the rising, culminating and set-

ting of the sun.

In later literature this God became prominent. He is per-

sonified as a swiftly moving luminary which with vast strides

traverses the three worlds. He takes three steps for the benefit
30
of all human beings . In the Brahmana literature and later

Puranic literature these three strides take the shape of Ball-

Vamana myth, a dwarf form of Visnu recovering the earth from
the demons headed by Ball by taking these strides which are
three in number. However, B.G. Tilak interprets it differently.

According to him, these three strides refer to the annual course

when the year was divided as at the circumpolar regions into

three parts, of which two parts or eight months, the sun is above
the horizon and so the two strides of Visnu are said to be visible
and the third part or four months, the sun goes below the hori-
zon into the netherworld of darkness of waters making only
darkness all around and thus this third stride remains invisible.
Sipivista refers to the temporary obscuring the rays of the sun

when he goes to the nether world 31 .

Thus Visnu in the Rg Veda is a great pervader, from vis 'to

pervade'.

Worship of Sun-God«A Panacea to Cure Leprosy

In ancient times the science of Ayurveda in India believed
that sun is a natural element to cure leprosy. In the Rg Veda 32
Surya has been invoked as a great healer. Even outside India

30. Arthur A. Macdonell, A History of Sanskrit Literature, 1 971 pp.,

63-67.

31. Rg Veda VII. 100.5.

32. Rg V&da L55.l l -13.
, Introduction xiii

this belief is also there. Herodotus states that people of Persia

.
in olden days believed that committing sin against Sun is the
basic cause of suffering from leprosy.

The Markandeya Purana narrates the story of a Kausika

Brahmin of Pratisthana who was suffering from leprosy. The
devoted wife of the Brahmin was wholeheartedly serving her
husband. Days rolled away. Once for some reason Ani-
Mandavya, a sage got angry with the Brahmin and cursed him
that he would face an untimely death before the next sunrise.

The Brahmin's wife, chaste as she was, gave an order to the sun
not to rise because rising of the sun would bring imminent dan-
ger to the life of her husband. As a result the whole universe re-
mained in the dark. Gods in the heaven were stricken with
panic. They approached Atri's wife Anasuya to help them in
persuading the leper's wife to allow the sun to rise and thereby
save the universe from destruction. But the Brahmin's wife
agreed to the proposal that she was ready to do so on the con-
dition that the sage's curse would not be effective. Anasuya, the
chaste lady agreed to her condition. Thereafter, the sun was
,
allowed to rise in the sky. Immediately after sunrise the leper
died. Anasuya prayed to lord Surya who gave life to the leper
and the leper got a healthy and handsome figure. Gods were
pleased and thanked Anasuya. They all requested her to
beg a boon. Anasuya expressed her wish that let Brahma, Visnu
and Mahesvara be born to her as her sons. Afterwards,
Dattatreya was born who was none but Visnu Himself and as has
already been discussed, in the Vedic mythology Visnu is none
but the Sun-God.

Rightly has it been said-arogyam bhaskarad ichhet.

One should desire to be cured by the blessing of the Sun-
God. So, for the physical and mental health of the family mem-
bers lord Sun is worshipped.
% *
xiv Suryasatakam

Saura Literature
The Vedic Aryans tried their best to win their Gods »

33
through prayer and sacrifice . However, one cannot say with
this point.
confidence that the concept of devotion originated at
There is no doubt that one can see praises
and prayers in the
in the Upanisads and ardent piety in the
RgVeda, upasana
Bhagavata.
The Sun-God is an Aditya. The Adityas are a group of
gods. Six entire hyms and parts of two hymns
are there in the

Rg Veda to praise the Adityas. Originally, there wereseven

Aditya
Adityas. In one passage of the last mandala, an eighth
jetting
called Martanda, which most probably referred to the
sun, has been added to the list. Surya is the seventh Aditya.

Savitr is also another Aditya. The Atharva Veda speaks of eight

Adityas. The Brahmana literature enhances the number to
twelve. In the post- Vedic literature there is a constant descrip-

tion of twelveSun-Gods which are connected with the twelve

months of a year. Mitra, Aryaman, Bhaga, Varuna, Dhatr,
Rudra, Surya, Vivasvat, Pusan, Savitr, Tvastr and Visnu have
been many times referred to in the post- Vedic literature. In the

Brahmana literature and post-Brahmana literature Surya is

called Aditya. t

In the post- Vedic period there developed four sampradayas

in the religious sphere of India. They are-

1. Saiva.

2. Vaisnava
3. Saura
4. Sakta

As the ancestors have recognised the divine power in the

sun, scientifi cally astronomically and philosophically, this God

33. Suryakanta, Voice of the Veda, 1969, p. 20.
 Introduction xv

has occupied a prominent position in Hindu mythology. Bio-

logical sciences have proved the role of the sun for the develop-
ment of the organic world. Sun is really the primary force.
Without the sua there can be no photosynthesis and without
photosynthesis there can be no existence of the organic world.
Evolution is possible only due to the sun.

In Valmlki's Ramayanam 34 sage Agastya teaches Sri Rama

the Aditya-hrdayastotra which is a prayer addressed to the Sun-
God. Agastya teaches Rama this prayer to the Sun-God to en-
able him to win the battle with the demon king Ravana. In this
stotra Surya has been described as the lord of Brahma, Visnu
and Mahesvara, the Hindu trinity.

The brilliance of the Sun-God has been magnificently de-

scribed in poetic form. Surya-deva is the patron of all living
beings on earth. The epic further speaks of the urdhvabahu as-
cetics who were praying Lord Sun 35
regularly.

In the Mahabharata 36 quite a good number of devotees

called the Sauras are said to be worshipping the sun. Farquhai31

points out that in the Mahabharata for the first time one can see
the reference to a sect called the Sauras who were sun-worship-
pers. In the Mahabharata 38 Yudhisthira has been described to
have propitiated the Sun-God by chanting 108 names of the
great God and by serving food to thousands of Brahmins.

In both the epics mentioned above, the Sun-God has been

depicted almost in the same manner so far as the essence and

34. Srlmad-Valmlkiya-Ramayanam, Yuddha Kanda, Canto 105.

35. Ibid II. 95.7.

36. Mahabharatam VII, 58.15.

37. J.N. Farquhar, An oputline of the Religious Literature of India, p.

151.

38. Mahabharatam III.3.

xvi Suryasatakam

character of Surya is concerned. Surya is regarded as the Su-

creations,
preme Soul, the Lord of all the Gods, the cause of all ^
the self-existent and the unborn.

The Sauras justify the sun as the Summum Bonum. Ac-

cording to Anandagiri, there were six sections of the Sauras.

However, the common characteristic features in them were us-

ing red sandal paste on the body, wearing red flowers and re-
peatedly chanting the Surya-Gayatri consisting of eight sylla-
bles.

The number of devotional lyrics in Sanskrit literature is so

large that it is indeed very difficult to mention all their names.

In the Puranic literature the Sun-God has maintained his own

dignity. The Brahma Purana (XXVIII-XXXIII) sings the glory
of Suryadeva. The Markandeya Purana (CH-CX) also glorifies
theSun-God. As a Vaisnavite Purana the Bhagavata Purana (V
21.22) describes Surya as a natural manifestation of lord Visnu.
Besides, among theMahapuranas, the Visnu Purana (11.10),
Agni Purana (LI, LXXIII, XCIX), Kurma Purana (XL-XLII),
Garuda Purana (VII, XVI, XVII, XXXIX), Bhavisya Purana
(Brahma Parvan, CXXXIX-CXLI), Matsya Purana (LXXIV- ,

LXXX) and Skanda Purana (Prabhasa Khanda) sing the glory of

the sun. Among the Upapuranas the Sambapurana, Suryapura-

na, Sauradharmapurana and the Sauradharmottarapurana deal

with the Sun-cult. However, the Surya-purana, Sauradharmapu-
rana and the Sauradharmottarapurana have been lost.

The Samba Purana is a unique upapurana which exclu-

sively deals with the cult of the Sun. The story goes like this.

Samba establishes an image of the Sun at Sambapura in

Mitravana. He settles 18 families of Magi priests brought from

Iran or Sakadvipa for its regular worship. This work deals with
some stories relating to creation, solar system in general,

eclipses, geography of the earth physical description of the sun

 Introduction

and the attendants of this deity, construction o :se images etc.

A careful that this work

consists of several groups of chapters written

ers belonging to different regions and times. The earliest por

tions have been written in the western region of northern India

between 500 A.D. and 800 A.D. 39 . Samba had constructed this
temple at Mulasthana (modern Multan) of the Mitravana. It is

said that this historic sun temple had been visited by Hiuen
Tsang and Alberuni. It was there upto 17th Cent. A.D. But this
was later demolished by King Aurangzeb.

Iconographic Evidence of the Worship of Sun-God

Tradition holds that at Multan in North-West India the first
temple of Sun-God was constructed in the reign of Kaniska in
2nd Cent. A.D. In Kashmir there is the Martanda temple. This
temple has been constructed by King Lalitaditya (699-736
A.D.). believed that originally there was a smaller temple
It is

here constructed by Ramaditya. Later, on the ruins of this tem-

ple Lalitaditya built a bigger Sun" temple. The Osia Sun-temple
has been built in 8th Cent. A.D. near Jodhpur. This temple
probably belongs to the Pratihara period.
In 11th Cent. A.D. the temple of Sun-God was built at
Modhera in Western India. Modhera, a small village is situated
60 miles away from Ahmedabad on the left bank of PuspavatI
river. When 4he Sun rises the rays of- thi s d o ity directly fall on
the Sun-God through the Sabhamandapa. The temple is now in
a damaged condition. It is in fact a monument of incomparable
beauty. According to Majumdar, "In viewing the Modhera tem-
ple as a whole, the aesthetic sense at once responds to the
el-
egance of its proportions, the entire composition being lit with
39. R.C. Hazra, "The Upapuranas", The Cultural Heritage ofIndia, Vol.
II, p. 284.
xv iii Suryasatakam

But apart from its material

the living flames of inspiration.
an r
beauty, its designer has succeeded in communicating to it
that the
atmosphere of spiritual grace. The temple faces east so

rising sun at the equinoxes filters in a golden cadence through

its openings, from door way to corridor, past columned vesti-

bules finally to fall on the image in its innermost chamber. In

their passage, the rays of the heavenly body, to which the shrine

is consecrated, quiver and shimmer on pillars and archway, giv-

ing life and movement to their graven forms, the whole structure

appearing radiant and clothed in glory. To see this noble

monu-
ment with its clustered columns, not only rising like an exhala-
tion, but mirrored in the still waters below is to feel that its crea-
40
tor was more than a great artist- a weaver of dreams".

Konark is regarded as the last monument of worshipping

Sun-God. The Black Pagoda or the celebrated Konark temple

has been built by King Narasimha Deva (1238-1264 A.D.).
It

is, so to say, the greatest of Orissa's monuments. It is the finest

articulation of the creative genius of the people of Orissa.

It is

no doubt a wonderful monument, a priceless heritage of all

mankind.
The whole temple is in the form of a celestial car with 24

wheels and drawn by 7 steeds. It goes without saying that it is

t

the most achievement of Orissa's temple architecture.

striking

Sir John Marshall comments, "there is no monument of Hindu-

ism, I think that is at once so stupendous and so perfectly pro-

portioned, as the Black Pagoda, and none which leaves so deep
41
an impression on the memory.

40. S.M. Gupta "Surya-The Sun God", Bhavan's Journal, Vol. XXIV,
No. 1, 1977, p.141.

41 . K.S. Behera, "Glimpses of Cultural Heritage", Reference Orissa,

1999, pp. 111-112.
 Introduction xix

The construction of the Black Pagoda marks the zenith of

, Orissa's artistic exuberance and architectural efflorescence.

Wonderfully enough it reached the pinnacle of the art movement

in Orissa. The life-size loving couples, the celestial musicians
playing cymbals, drums and flutes are highly remarkable. This
place is known as Arka-Ksetra. As per the local records twelve
hundred skilled workers worked for a period of twelve years to
construct the temple. The revenue of twelve hundred villages

was utilized for this purpose for such a long time.

Most probably, the cult of Sun spread from the North In-

dia to the South. Figures around 2nd Cent. B.C. are found to be
42 43
very simple. In the Bodh Gaya and Bhaja one can come
across such simple figures. Here the Sun-God wears a turban on
his head. He rides on a chariot drawn by four horses. The Sun-
God of the mediaeval period on the other hand wears a Klrti-
mukuta.
The image traced at Hatodi is of the Late Gupta period, viz.
around 7th-8th Cent. A.D. Images from Bhita44 and Chillah 45
bear much affinity. The Surya figure recovered from Hatodi, a
' small village 6 to 7 kms. away from Ramtek in Nagpur district
46
is a unique one . This image is of red stone. The height is of
one foot only. God Surya is depicted in a standing posture, fac-
ing upward, holding a small bunch of lotus flowers with short
stalks in his two hands. Both the hands have been raised upto

42. B. Barua, Gaya and Buddha-Gaya, Vol. II, 1934, fig. 42.

43. U.Zimmer, The Art of India, Vol. II, 1 955, pi. 41

44. P. Chandra, Stone Sculpture in Allahabad Museum, 1970, pi.

XCIII, No. 253.

45. Ibid, pi. XCVI, No. 266.

46. P.S. Meshram, "A Unique Surya Figure from Hatodi", ABORI,
Vol. LXX, 1989, p. 273.
XX Suryasatakam

the shoulders. He has been clad with a full-sleeve cloth with a

scarf over the arms. The deity wears an ekavali with nayaka- *

mani (bead) in the centre. Ears are adorned with kundalas.

With a big wrist let and a bunch of bangles he stands with a halo
behind the head. There is a cylindrical crown too. A part of the
waist is found missing. It is a carved image with a smiling face.

It is a product of the Mathura school.

41
Zimmer gives reference to the earliest depiction of Sun-
God traced at Bhaja in the Buddhist caves of Western
Maharashtra. At Ellora also this God is found to have promi-
48 49
nence. Pandey points out that in the Western and Southern
Maharashtra one can see more images of Sun-God. In

Amaravati in Vidarbha a Sun-temple of Lord Aditya has been

constructed. This temple was there under the patronage of the

Rastrakuta king Krsnaraja I.

In the Central Museum of Nagpur two standing Surya fig-

ures belonging to 8th-9th Cent. A.D. can be found collected

from Bhandak in the district of Chandrapur. The figure of Sun-
God with a horse-chariot also has been collected there from
Ramtek. This figure belongs to 17th Cent. A.D.
A Hari-Hara-Pitamaha-Arka icon where Brahma, Visnu,
Siva and Surya are there, occurs in the Register no. 1 on the
West face of the Markanda Rsi temple of Chandrapur district. It

belongs to 10th-l 1th Cent. A.D. Here the Sun-God possesses

eight arms. The charioteer Aruna is shown below driving the

horses.

47. Zimmer, op. cit., pi. 41

48. J.Fergusson and J. Burgess, The Cave Temples of India, 1969, pi.

XXXII, No. 2.

49. L.P. Pandey, Sun Worship in Acient India, 1 97 1 , pp. 236 ff.
 Introduction xxi

At Gudimallam in North Arcot there is the Parasurames-

vara temple. In this temple the image of Sun is worshipped.

This image belongs to 7th Cent. A.D. Bare-footed Sun-God

stands here on a pedestal. It is significant to note that neither the

charioteer Aruna nor the horses are present here. The upper part

of his body is bare. His hands are raised upto the shoulders. He
holds two lotus buds. This place is called Arka-sthala or

Prabhasa-ksetra, the abode of the Sun-God.

In many Surya images found in North India, the common

feature is that their hands hold full-blown lotuses and they wear
boots. But on the contrary half-blossomed lotus can be found
in the Sun images in South India and such images have bare

feet. Secondly, the charioteer Aruna and the seven horses are

always present in the North Indian images while in the South

Indian images they are often absent. The attendants of Surya
such as Dandl, Pihgala, the arrow shooting deity Usa and
Pratyusa the consorts of Sun God such as Niksubha, Chaya,

Sanjna etc. are invariably present with the Sun-God in the North

Indian images while they are sometimes absent in South Indian

images.
Both North and South Indian features are mixed in some
images of Sun-God preserved in the Malda museum of North
Bengal. Some images are bare-footed, some wear half-boots
and are accompanied by Aruna, seven horses and the attend-
50 51
ants According to Rao
. in South India the Vedic cult of the
,

Sun remained intact.

50. K. Chatterjee, "Eastern Indian Variety of the Sun Image in

Varendri", Summ. of papers, AIOC XXXI session, 1982, p. 509..

5 1 . T.A.G. Rao, Elements of Hindu Iconography, Vol. I, Part II, pp.

311-312.
 xxii Suryasatakam

Epigraphic Proof of Sun-Worship

The earliest epigraphic reference to the Sun-God can be
had from a temple of 7th Cent. A.D. at Manapur, modern Manor
in PalgharTaluka of Thana district in Western Maharashtra 52 .

In the 7th Cent. A.D. Banabhatta in his Harsacaritam refers

to King Harsa and Harsa's father Prabhakaravardhana as great
devotees of Suryadeva. Epigraphic proofs also support this
view. The copper plate grant of Harsavardhana 53 is a proof of
it. The epigraphic proofs support that Prabhakaravardhana's
father Adityavardhana and grandfather Rajyavardhana were
devoted to the Sun-God. The word parama-aditya-bhaktas sup-
ports this Srlvajrinldevyam utpannah paramadityabhakto maha-
rajasrirajyavardhanas tasya putras tatpadanudhyatah srimad-
apsarodevyam utpannah paramadityabhakto maharaja-
srlmadadityavardhanas tasya putras tatpadanudhyatah
paramadityabhaktah parama-bhattaraka maharajadhiraja-
srlprabhakaravardhanas tasya 54

Only because of their devotion towards the Sun-God, the

names of the Kings have been given Adityavardhana and Pra-
bhakaravardhana.
In the first three verses the
Sun-God, has been prayed in
the mahgalacaranam of another inscription 55 Payat sa vo bhas-
karah, tasmai savitre namah and payat sa vah sukiranabharano
vivasvan are the last words of these three verses.

52. V.V. Mirashi, Corpus I, Vol. IV, pi. 1, p. 63.

53. F.Kielhorn, Epigraphia Indica, Vol. I, pp. 72-73.

54. D.B. Diskalkar, Selections from Sanskrit Inscriptions, 1977
Banskhera copper plate Inscription of Harsha (628 A.D.), p. 129.
55. Ibid p. 61, Mandasore Stone Inscription of Kumaragupta and
Bandhuvarman (473 A.D.).
 Introduction xxm

that
There are many such proofs which establish the truth
ancient India many kings were devoted to
Lord Surya.
in
quite obvious that the subjects would
Rajanugato dharmah. It is

follow the King and worship the Sun-God.

Mayura Bhatta- As a poet

The whole world is a lunatic asylum. Some are really mad

after material prosperity, some after name and fame and some
for attaining salvation. The poet Mayurabhatta is mad after the

entity, the Ultimate Reality visible in the form of Sun

one sole
The poet has a tremendous thirst, the divine madness
in the sky.

that seizes the human heart.

Date of Mayurabhatta
There are numerous works in Sanskrit where we are igno-

rant about the writer and his date. There are two ways to know
the date of a poet-

1. Intrinsic proof

2. Extrinsic Proof

Judged from the intrinsic point of view the work the

Suryasatakam is totally silent about the date of the poet. So one
way but to depend upon the rhetoricians etc. to
has no other
know the truth.

i) Vamanabhatta (1441 A.D.) in his Vira-narayana-carita

has referred to Mayura-

pratikavibhedana banah
ka vitatarugahana viharanamayurah I

sahrdayaloka subandhur
ljS6
jayati Sribhattabanakavirajah

Sanskrit Literature, p.
56. T.T. Krishnamachariar, History of Classical
104.
 xxiv Suryasatakam

ii) Madhava (1300-1350 A.D.) in his Samksepa-Sankara-

vijaya has taken the name of Mayura-

sa kathabhir avantisu prasiddhan

bana mayuradandimukhyan
sithilikrtadurma ta b him a nan
nijabhasyasra vanotsukanscakara if 7
Hi) Meruturigacarya (1306 A.D.) in his Prabandha-
cintamani refers to Mayura-
pura srivikramarkasamayad asta saptatyuttara-
kila

sahasrasammitesu samvatsaresu vyatitesu

Sampraptodayasya srimadbhojarajasya
sabhasadmaratnadipo mahakavir mayuro nama
dharanagarim adhivasati sma I
iv) Jayadeva (1180-1200 A.D.) in his Prasannaraghava
sings the glory of Mayura-
yasyascorascikuranikarah karnapuro mayuro
bhaso hasah kavikulaguruh kalidaso vilasah I
harso harso hrdayavasatih pancabanastu banah
kesaih naisa kathaya kavitakamini kautukaya II
v) Mammatacarya (1050-1 100 A.D.) in his Kavya-prakasa
speaks of Mayura-

adityadermayuradinam ivanartha-nivaranam 58
I

vi) Padmagupta (975-1025 A.D.) in his Navasahasahkaca-

rita praises Mayura-
sa citravarna vichhittiharinoravanisvarah I

sriharsa iva samghattam cakre banamayurayoh s9

II

57. G.P. Quackenbos, Sanskrit Poems ofMayura, p. 14.

58. R.D. Karmarkar, ed., Kavyaprakasa, 1933, p. 8.

59. Buhler, Indian Antiquary, Vol. XXXVI, pp. 150, 1 72.

 Introduction xxv

vii) Somadeva in his yasastilaka also utters the

name of
Mayura-
urvabhara-vibhava-bhutibhartrmenthakanthagunadh-
yavyasa bhasa bosakalidasabanamayuranarayana kumara
magba rajasekharadimahakavi mahati prasiddhih.

viii) Anandavardhana (850 A.D.) in

his Dhvanyaloka has

quoted two verses from the work of Mayura, viz. verse no. 9 and

23.

Jalhana in his SuktimuktavalT has referred to

Bana,
ix)

Mayura and Mataiigadivakara as the court poets of King Harsa-

aho prabhavo vagdevya
yanmatangadivakarah I

sriharsasyabhavat sabhyah
samam banamayurayoh II

x) According to Madhusudana the poet Mayura recited

some verses some people of Kanauj. People were

in front of

highly impressed. Later King Harsa invited

him to his royal
court.
tatpadani
kiyatsu api divasesu atitesu kavitva-prasange
60
srutva raja svadesat akaritah !

xi) Some scholars are of the view that Mayura has com-
posed the Suryasatakam to please his patron. King
Harsa who
was a Sun-worshipper.

Usually rhetoricians have taken the name of Mayura

xii)
is cer-
immediately after Banabhatta. Since Banabhatta's date
tain, as he was the court poet of King Harsa (606-648 A.D.),
Mayura must have lived in the later half of 7th Cent. A.D.
Banabhatta Harsacaritam has described that King
in his
worshippers of Sun-
Harsa's father and his predecessors were the
'

60. Madhusudana's Bhavabodhini commentary of Suryasatakam.

 xxvi Suryasatakam

God. So Winternitz 61 states that there is more probability to say

that Mayura was an older contemporary of Bana.

Personal History
Like most of the poets in Sanskrit the personal history of
Mayura is shrouded in mystery. Traditions mainly differ with
regard to his relationship with Banabhatta.

Sometimes he is said to be the father-in-law of Banabhatta.

mayuro nama panditah prativasati sma, tajjamata

banah. 62
According to Aggarwal63 there is an ill-authenticated tra-

dition that the poet described the physical charm of his daugh-
ter so minutely that the daughter cursed him to suffer from Lep-
rosy and Mayura as a result suffered from this fatal disease.

Thereafter he composed this panegyric, the Suryasatakam and

got rid of the disease. Tradition gives emphasis on the follow-
ing verse-

gatapraya ratrih krsatanu sasi siryata iva

pradipo'yam nidravasamupagato ghurnita iva I

pranamanto manastadapi na jahasi krudhamaho

kucapratyasattya hrdayamapi te candi ka thin am II

It is said that the first three lines of the above verse have
been sung by Banabhatta, but the last line was composed and
sung by Mayurabhatta. At that time Banabhatta's wife was very
much present on the spot. But judged from the linguistic point

61. M. Winternitz, A History ofIndian Literature, Vol. Ill, Part I, 1 977,

p. 154 fn 2.

cf. Buhler, Die Indischen Inschriften etc., p. 14 ff.

62. Prabandhacintamani of Merutungacarya.

63. H.R. Aggarwal, A Short History of Sanskrit Literature, 1963, p.
116.
 Introduction xxvii

verse which
of view, the lucid language of the fourth line of this
the text of the
is said to be of Mayura cannot be found in
Suryasatakam. Secondly, Banabhatta has referred to quite a
good number of people in his Harsacaritam. But significantly
book.
enough he has not mentioned the name of Mayura in that
where
The Harsacaritam only refers to Jangulikamayuraka
Mayura has not been stated as a poet but as a visavaidya, a
there is no such
dealer in antidotes or a curer of snake-bites. But
Suryasata-
reference of Mayura being a vaidya in his work the
kam. Only in verse no. 6 there is the reference to leprosy which
helps Tripathy
64
to prove that Mayura was a poet as well as a
from leprosy and other descriptions of suffering it
vaidya. But

may be proved that the poet Mayurabhatta suffered from Lep-

rosy, got both physical as well as mental
pain for a pretty long

time and prayed to Lord Surya to be cured. Some

scholars be-
after writing this
lieve that Mayura has actually been cured
kavya.
According to another tradition Mayura is the son-in-law of

Banabhatta. Some say Mayura is the sister's husband of Bana.

65

mahakavir mayuro dharanagarim adhivasati sma I

tasya ca bhaginipatih kadambarigadya prabandhanir-

66
mata banakaiih paramam mitram asit II
Raja opines that Mayura was a friend of Bana.
67

According to Upadhyay6 * Mayura was a man of Ka§I.

that their pred-
Even today some Brahmin families there declare
ecessor was Mayurabhatta.

64. R.K. Tripathy, ed. Suryas'atakam, 1996, Intr., p. 8.

Max Muller, India What Can It Teach Us, p. 339.

65.

66. Yajnesvara Sastrl's Commentary on Suryasatakam.

67. C.K. Raja, Survey of Sanskrit Literature, 1 962, p. 226.
Itihas, p. 358.
68. Acarya B. Upadhyay, Sanskrt Sahitya ka
 xxviii Suryasatakam

69
Iyer is of the view that Mayura was born blind. It is said
that the poet got back his eye sight after composing this poem
in the praise of the Sun-God.

Original Works
Mayurabhatta has written the panegyric the Suryasata-
10
kam . This is an original work of the poet.
Out of 101 verses, 100 verses are benedictory in nature.
The last one speaks out the poet's intention that for the well-be-
ing of this world the poet with devotion in his mind has written
the work. Sometimes God Surya, sometimes the group of
horses of the Sun-God and at other times the chariot or the chari-
oteer is requested to bestow blessings. Sometimes the poet
praises the orb of the Sun.

Tribhuvanapala in his commentary makes six divisions of

this work. Verses from 1 to 43 speak of the praise to the rays of
the Sun-God. Verses 44-49 deal with the horses of the Sun-
God. In verses 50-61 the charioteer Aruna is praised. Verses
62-72 describe the chariot of the great God. Verses 73-80 de-
scribe the Surya-mandala minutely. The last twenty verses de-
pict the sun in many ways.
The poet describes the rays of the sun and compares them
with ships by which an individual can cross the ocean of rebirth,
the root of prolonged torture.

The orb of the sun is nothing but the door of emancipation.

The sun one with Brahma, Visnu and Mahesvara (Verses 9,
is

73, 87 and 99). Aruna the charioteer is compared with the stage-
manager whose job is to recite the prologue verse in the begin-

69. T.K.R. Iyer, A short History of Sanskrit Literature, 1977, p. 93.

70. C. Berhheimer, Suryasataka, tr. in Italian language Hundred

Strophes Dedicated to Sun-God, Livorno, 1905.
 xxix

ning of a drama.

Ascribed Works
Among the works ascribed to Mayura, the most popular is
11
the Mayurastakam. As the name shows, this work contains
eight verses in all. It is the description of the beauty of a young
lady. The sexual appetite of the poet is clear from the descrip-
tion- brddho'pi kamayate. In the beginning of the Mayurastakam
there is a prayer to Lord Siva and to Lord Visnu. Rest of the
verses deal with the youthful exuberance of the young lady. The
poem describes the beauty of a young woman who secretly vis-

its her lover and gets back from his bed-chamber. Very beau-
tifully in a picturesque manner the poet describes her wounds
12
caused by scratches and bites. Winternitz observes that
Mayura has exhibited his accurate knowledge of Kamasutra in
the Mayurastaka.

According to a tradition Mayura in these lovely verses has

given an obscene description of the beauty of his daughter, the
wife of Banabhatta for which the girl got angry with her father
and cursed him. For this reason the poet turned into a leper.
Later, he was cured through the blessings of the Sun-God whom
he eulogized in his work the Suryasatakam.

The simple language and the lucid style of the Mayurasta-

kam varies greatly from the stiff language and tedious style of
the Suryasatakam. It varies so much that it can be stated with
confidence that this work Mayurastakam has been wrongly as-

71 . Mayurastaka, ed. and tr. into Eng. by G.P. Quackenbos in the JAOS,
XXXI, 191 1 , 343 ff, and The Sanskrit Poems ofMayura, Columbia
University, Indo-Iranian Series, p. 67 ff, also F.E. Edgerton,

72. M. Winternitz, op. cit., p. 149

XXX Suryasatakam

cribed to Mayura. Or, this work may be of another poet called

Mayura and not the writer of the Suryasatakam. Tripathy has

13
tried to show that the Mayurastakam is an early work of

Mayura. But there is a world of difference between these two

works and Mayura, the writer of the Suryasatakam can never be
the writer of Mayurastkam.
14
Biihler wrongly ascribes the book Aryamuktamala to
Mayura. Some scholars are of the opinion that this Aryamukta-
mala is the work a Maharashtrian poet of 8th Century called 1

Ramananda Mayura or Maropanta.

Sabdalingarthacandrika, a commentary on a work Dhana-

15
njaya has also been ascribed to Mayura. William Taylor holds

that this commentary has been written by Mayura. But Taylor

has not given sufficient proofs to establish his point.

Some stray verses of subhasitas have also been ascribed to

Mayura by the later rhetoricians.

One khandaprasasti of Mayura has been cited by

76
Ruyyaka.

Literary Style
11
Keith recognises the worth of Suryasatakam and states
that this is a work of no inconsiderable merit. Mayura is a bet-

ter known lyric poet. Literary critics have given greater appro-
bation to Mayura's work. The poetry of the Suryasatakam has

been appreciated by the writers on literary criticism for its im-

73. R.K. Tripathy, op. cit., p. 8.

74. Au frecht Catalogues Catalogorum, Vol. I, p. 432.

75. W. Taylor, Catalogue Raisonne of Oriental Manuscript into Govt.

Library, Vol. II, p. 131.

76. M. Winternitz, op. cit., p. 154 fn 2.

77. A.B. Keith, Classical Sanskrit Literature, 1966, p. 102.

 Introduction xxxi

78
agination and style. It is filled with various imageries. Most
of the ideas are suggested and not directly expressed.

Judged from the metrical point of view, the entire book

Suryasatakam has been composed in Sragdhara metre.
mrabhnairyanam trayena trimuniyatiyuta sragdhara
79
kirtiteyam.

This metre contains 21 syllables and in every seventh there

is a pause. Since 7 syllables form a group and the poet is going
to describe the seven horses of the sun-God, some scholars are
of the view that Mayura has deliberately chosen this metre to
solve the purpose.

Upadhyay80 has rightly pointed out that it is the first kavya

which has been written entirely in Sragdhara metre.
Kalidasa the brightest luminary in the firmament of San-
skrit literature has written the Meghadutam fully in one metre
viz. Mandakranta. It is said-

pravrt-pravasa-vyasane mandakranta virajate.

The metre Mandakranta is a befitting one so far as the con-

tents of the book is concerned. Kalidasa is earlier than Mayura.
So it is obvious that Mayura must have gone through the works
The metre of the Meghadutam must have
of the great poet.
impressed Mayura. As a result, Mayura decided to take up one
metre for his work, the Suryasatakam. He chose Sragdhara as

it is a befitting one for benedictory stanzas. Kalidasa has used

this metre in the beginning of his famous drama the Abhijnana-
sakuntalam. This verse of Kalidasa is also a benidictory one.

So the impact of Kalidasa on Mayura in choosing the metre is

clear.

78. C.K. Raja, op, tit., p.226.

79. Vrttaratnakarah.

80. Acharya B. Upadhyay, op. cit. p. 350.

xxxii Suryasatakam

Considered from the angle of the rhetoricians, in 7th Cent.

A.D. Banabhatta etc. took Gaudi as their riti,

81
samasabahula gaudi
In Gaudi riti the number of compounds is more.
82
ojah kantimati gaudi
This riti was considered as the soul of poetry. Well did
Vamana say-

ritiratma kavyasya, padasanghatana ritih/visistapa-

dayojana ityarthah 83 !
4
Mayura's style is Gaudi. Winternitz* compares the Surya-
satakam with the Candisatakam of Banabhatta. Both the works
have been written in the same ornate style. Since the manuals

of Poetics and anthologies have cited the Suryasatakam more, it

may be stated that the Suryasatakam was looked at more in high

esteem than the Candisatakam.
Mayura has utilised various figures of speech in his kavya.
Slesa, Upama, Rupaka and Utpreksa are the favourite figures of

speech of the poet.

Anuprasa (Alliteration)- Verses 6, 33, 36 and 70.
Slesa (Double entendre)- Verses 6, 9, 10, 15, 18, 20, 24,

25, 28, 32, 35, 42, 47, 52, 53, 64, 68, 72, 92 and 93.

Upama (Simile)-Verses 14, 26, 31, 34-and 50.

Rupaka (Metaphor)- Verses 58, 67 and 79.

Utpreksa (Poetical fancy)-Nearly in 20 verses e.g. verse

No. 5
Tulyayogita (Equal pairing)- Verse 94.

81 . ViSvanatha's Sahityadarpana.

82. Kavyalamkarasutra, 11.12.

83. Ibid, I.

84. M. Winternitz, op. cit. p. 154.

 Introduction xxxiii

Dlpaka (Illuminator)- Verses 37 and 8 1

Vyatireka (Contrast or Dissimilitude)-Verses 21,23 and 43.

Virodha (Contradiction)-Verse 80.

Mayura has made less use of the Tulyayogita alamkara.
The poet has employed Anuprasa very frequently in his poem
which is an essential feature of Gaudi rlti. So Upadhyay* 5
calls
Mayura a sabda-kavi because Mayura has given more emphasis
on the language (bhasa) than the content (bbava).
The guna used in this panegyric is Ojas. This guna is

highly essential for the Gaud! rlti.

Impact of Vatsabhatti on Mayura

Vatsabhatti is the writer of a Prasasti inscribed on stone at
6
Mandasore* . The whole writing consists of 44 verses. The
writing has been inscribed on stone in a Sun temple. It is a very
beautiful work written in kavya style. It is a pity that no other
work of this poet has come down to us. His name also is not
found in the works of the later rhetoricians.

The first three verses of this work have praised the Sun-
God. The first verse runs like this-

yo vrttyarthamupasyate suraganaih
siddhaisca siddhyarthibhir
dhyanaikagraparair vidheya-visayair
moksarthibhiryogibhih I

bhaktya tivratapodhanaisca munibhih

sapaprasadaksamair

85. Acharya B. Upadhyay, op. cit. p. 350.

86. D.B. Diskalkar, op. cit., p. 61, Mandasore Stone Inscription of
Kumaragupta and Bandhuvarman (473 A.D.) inscribed on a black
stone slab in a Sun temple.
xxxiv Suryasatakam

heturyo jagatah ksayabhyudayayoh payat

sa vo bhaskarah II

The translation of the above verse is given below-

"May the Sun, the very cause of the origin and destruction

of the world protect you, (Sun) who is worshipped by many

gods for their own safety, by the siddhas who aspire for higher
accomplishments, by the yogins who solely are in meditation

with their desires controlled as they seek liberation; and by the

seers who practise severe austerities, and are capable of cursing

as well as favouring."

The second verse runs like this-

tattvajnana vido 'pi yasya na

vidurbrahmarsayo 'bhyudyatah
krtsnam yas'ca gabhastibhih
pravisrtaih pusnati lokatrayam I

gandharvamarasiddha kinnaranaraih
samstuyate' bhyutthito
bhaktebhyas'ca dadati yo'bhilasitam
tasmai savitre namah II

The translation is given below-

"Adoration to the Sun whom even the Brahmanical sages

though knowing the Truth fail to comprehend, who nourishes '

the three worlds with his rays stretched in all directions, who is
praised by the Gandharvas, gods, Siddhas, Kinnaras and men at
the time of his rise and who fulfils the desires of his devotees."

The third verse runs as follows-

yah pratyaham prativibhatyudayacalendra-

vistirnatungasikharaskhalitansujalah I

ksibanganajana kapola talabhitamrah

payat sa vah sukiranabharano vivasvan II
 Introduction xxxv

The translation is given below-

"May the Sun, adorned with glorious beams protect you;
Who shines brightly daily with his rays flowing down over the
expanding summit of the mountains of the East and who is red-
dish like the cheeks of an intoxicated woman."
1
Biihler* rightly points out "Amongst the court poets there
is one Mayura, in whose Suryasataka, a prayer addressed to the
Sun, we have almost every one of the ideas contained in the
verses above, repeated and with much the same form of expres-
sion."

When Vatsabhatti describes the Sun as the creator and the

destroyer of the whole world, Mayura in verse 99 identifies him
with Brahma, Visnu and Mahesvara, the creator, preservator and
destroyer respectively of this universe. Mayura like Vatsabhatti

describes how men offer to the Sun prayers at dawn. In verse 13

Mayura describes how seers praise the Sun's rays and in verse

36 the Gandharvas eulogize the lustre of the rising Sun. In verse

81 the Siddhas, gods, Gandharvas etc. make prayers to the Sun-

God in the morning.
In the third verse the reddish morning Sun is compared
with the reddened cheeks of an intoxicated woman. Such com-
parisons are very common in the writings of the court poets.
Just as Asvaghosa taught the religion of Buddhism to the
world through his kavyas, the Saundarananda and the Buddha-
carita, one can say that Mayura has tried to teach the philosophy
of Vedanta through his Suryasatakam to the people of this
world. Though the poet's power of imagination
much is less as
compared to Kalidasa, Bharavi and Magha, Mayura still shines
as a bright luminary in the firmament of Sanskrit li terature.

87. G. Biihler, "Indian Inscriptions and the Antiquity of Indian

Artificial Poetry", Indian Antiquary, 1913 Also D.B. Diskalkar,
op.cit. Appendix p. ix..
 TrfiT: feT $cnOM^niRdA) gng ^K I <c)fM I

3W v*H*midl *T $rMW TTT^TT IcIMHlRT^TRT zfa>T 3TTT«T^

ai^r-^KTcft^^Tte^ yi^^Uuj ^*TcT: ^ (TrfiT:) <J<<4fj|R-

3TFJTT:, '*tTWcT: 3}f*R^T: 'HH^I: WW: ^: f^rt ^J^: I

oq lgq i-^KTfcT:
i ^ f^f^TT^ £pw

cTFT 3T^: 1^:, #S*WMWOT: fartf: Tta

^WTT:, frr^M UH+MH, 3TFTR*TT STTW^TT +Hdc|H^ W*^FT
^T^T mm Trficpnf:, *JeR WW: TO ^WtT: 3tf«RqT: ^?RT:

^ffafcT: fOT^ I
^CJM f^Jrt T*wfa Y^l 1 1 ^

r^r^rd^di #cf^iftr i #t: #srt ^

TRT: I

WW, W
<i
Rf:
J 3#R5TT: <J<4ebMlnfa><u|l: ^s^^f ^WRJ I

The early rays of the Sun look red as if they have resumed
the thick streaks of vermilion, coming out of the temple of el-

ephant of the killer of Jambha (Indra). They also appear as if

they are drenched by the mineral streams of the slopes of

Udayacala (mountain). Carrying the lustre of the blooming lo-

tus, that open up at their advent, they illuminate the whole

world. May those rays bestow prosperity on you.l

<ptt •jTRT faxJWI'lcbl TO eft? *TRT5

?R ^311% farfi ?R% ^fe ScftcT, ^ +Hd<^H*l

^ ^ ll^ll

*IHIebl<l-*4chl<MWMfdd^J|rHls^T««i^ehc^l:

fSt^feT cTFT 37ff cTRT fWlt WTK^ *^'*^ ^ 3TRg^ 3#Tc^RT

1 1
cbMdcH-W TOeRFT vic^lcHH^ <J-nlcrlH <=hHcl=H ftWPP#T^:

W&mH WKQ, ^T^rt W^^WC, ^W^TT: 3q^M^T:

irrm«f:-% «#R5F1 ^RFT SR3| elSflf chHcHHI^ 3TT3^-

«f^T, ^fcrT^RPT: ?t WfcT^T: ^FT folWT: *pTF$ T^f |

The rays of the Sun open up the hordes of lotuses as if to

bring out Laksmi, hidden inside the bud-like apartments, for

those bending down in devotion. They drive away the fear of

the world enveloped in darkness. May those rays having the

colour of the tender twigs, bring you happiness.

sft ^foft f^rjjf cbHd^d^i ^Tfarr <aT^=h< ^Trffcst

wfr,^ 1# cTC? eTM ^ ^ellei, t ^f^t fo^f 3TN *TlfcT

fWT ^ IRII

SJTW-^TmFT f^TPT aWWHT W^T Vfj, f?Tcr%

iTTcT cft^ 3TIT ^5 f^reftg W c]c*T tTcRT:, oyTTfcW^

xrrrf^qr^ 3rzR ^Tmf^T^TH: ^ FffcT: PR:, STRTN Wl <M

4

Warm due to covering long distances without any break,

the rays of the Sun fall upon the innermost recesses of the lo-

tuses as well as pointed tops of the mountains. Looking alike at

the day-break and at the close of the day, they spread across the

three worlds at the same May

fcr% wrf (wk)
time.

ftraifi w
those rays protect you all.

*n^t

T^T ^ mil

^ m$v& ^gr: thM^VK<VIIVII<VIIHir«VHHH

,

cflRWMHl 3TrT5 TT^ 3TcT^ m& ^qi^RT: ^ <J: q^f I

StR^T^ cfRftr 3FW^ Wt 3T^RTT 41dl^dH 37WTT

SfTffcf: 3ff=R?T <T1^ 5#FT: W$t& Id^ilRl: frF^T cft^T ftf%T:

^Rrff JfM cT^T faW: ftifclT: *TT:

s*»Hf^^l«^M ^IKVIIefir^^llcH sf^T

^TRTT: ^Tf^T: cTT: ^left ^IFTff ?rqT GlJNMH, 3T^ ##Pj; 3}*5R
:

wi; 3TT^m ^, ftw^i, 37^ stp^, st^m Mef

 5

fa 3f^ ^fer :
(Tjpq«i) ^T^^TOTlPT: *Mlf fow, Tjfa-

TTeT^ 3T^t f^fifcT^ ^: f^t%rt cT tr^ ^J^T f^CiiTT: ^qr^ I

Seeing people bereft of covering as darkness recedes like

an upper garment, the Sun spreads its yarn-like rays. Coming
together those rays weave a gigantic cloth, whose skirts are the

ten quarters, that gradrually become clear. May those rays give

you happiness.

-Uf^lqcftyt ^fadfrkl ^cfttntf: 3tfarTT*TT

^ l

^ l

^fq^ 3TTcTTH:
cfadH
cft^THt:
fcTT^fcT:
^H^M: 3:
^, 3T^:

3Rf*RcT^ FTT^
W^Wg^T ^
I

F£ W ^ *f¥^*TT *TT^ tJf^f^TKFT: f^R:, ?pfT

*TFT

TTt^T ^ 3?tfWlT StfacIT 3TNT ^cT: W cTT: 3TMt: ^RTT:

^a}|^3rfwr^ ^T^^f: TIM '^4* Wild: cTWI^ 3pfa 3^^T ^T^T
3lfTRT WT ^dl^stfd: $dWHId ^, fPl: 3R<Rt JIMTclRlR: fflM

^ fcTOT ^ 3& q^IFT f?MT:

«TOWf:-^lftft ^ 3TC#Ttf 3TtWT: ^ WIT: I cTT:

6 ^Jfld+H,

Making the moon lose its lustre and the plants(lose) their
freshness as if overwhelmed with sorrow, and warmly wel-
comed by the fire, born of the Sun stone, the first appearance of

the solar rays makes the stones of the the mountain Meru red-

dish, as if besmeared with the blood, oozing from the cuts of the
wings. May those rays remove all your unpleasantness.

«ft qPT ^TTcft |, afafspjfait PdU^d ^foRT Hpui4)'£ 3£cT

3TfTT% 5RT WTcT (^5% SiKT) ^8J#^ HRf MMd^

ftwi ^ IIH1I

vnufyiuiifyMiun^^rf^iLiy^^ilo^Thylfcll^

<iyfyidnyiO: tprfa 3errra*r^: i

^mrf: R-I<^-hO fer?£nj ^XTRT: vHy 4^lf^y IrT^ I I I I

3T^T:-TT^ ;
zr : 3Rtt: ^ufy|U|i(yq|U|l^ prf&lfa: spR^: M^Mrti-
sftal% <l^yidl< JKPT ^crTR^SR^R, 3RT: r^NH^uilPlH PdPlH^d:

^ 3THt ^ Wit ^ ffaf ^ I

u |[fy M |
fu I iP^-rtl^ TT^RTW:, ?M
yi"ii(ymrui ^ri ?tt^ ^M^nftorroi^ srf&rfa: prr^: mft:
^TRff^cfR;, *RT: SR^sj sffa- ifaf ^ 3ToqrE7K f^TT^ ^rfSTTcTT^

^f^aiMcT $tc#ri m^^^scrW^f^Tg^f^^^T *rrr

WTR
cTW: cRT
^ tt^ HIM<Md1o4sf:, 3R5:

PPRT 3RRTT H$H<3rd:

fe$
P=IH<fcdl
fgTJ&IT, £RT

RRT ^PT
^TT £RIT ^TT

cTFT *RRlt:

^J^FT, 3T#Tt PTR STRtT: fcW:, foS^Nh fawjt:, f^t <*lWlft^

^RRt PWsfg^: ffcf fa:, ^TRf: ^T: 3T*f: ^T: ft,

^ Tj^rfa*RR":

RTSTCRT: $Hj(IP|U| : W f+<u|^e|^| <l^Tt>l: *RR5, ^R^d+l4-

 7

The Sun cures those who because of their numerous sins

have bodies festered with wounds, nose feet and hands emaci-
ated, and who emit long drawn sighs and utter indistinct words.
His rays vindicate his unbounded and unimpeded compassion
and are always worshipped by the Siddhas. May those rays

ward off all your sins quickly.

Wfi #RT 7 ^^ FT?M^, Wf&TfT ^ ^^f#, eT^

Rh<u | tch) fag ^ qftfr t, t #Tt% TOf dTCT ^ ll^ll

fsrUWH clim^* rT^divid:

*WI*IVIW<HIW<i <VlRVI: <i<<4n1Wd)5fq I

^l-dl<lfei£J ^orfs;^ sjfcddl "f^am^v^ni:

^^lU^l^dlMgffldgiifi flf^T I I ^ I I

3TcRI:-WT WFRQ feJFTT:, 3T?T cT^Nf mm:, rT^J ^RTTWTT-

flqf:, <^ d<H-di ^RTTWTRKMT: sfcRR, STOWS 4: t,

c| [ HHMd l (l fonj: 4: ft, ?TfeWT: ?feT: 3T$T *JFT ^f: cfR ^

?TfeW: feF[T: cf : fT^Tf&T 3^TH f^TTW^'

qnJT^:-5|Wif H Pd^ mi :, d«H-d< ^NftW:,

l i
cTcT: 3:fFEm ^ f^T^
?ft^3q^RT:, ^fFT f^lT: *pfFF cjni I

The rays of the Sun, dwarf (mild) at the outset, and tall (se-

vere) later on, like Vamana, covering the entire sky and all the
8

ten quarters immediately by depriving Vali, the tormentor of

Gods, from earth, kept the world off from darkness. May those
rays which laugh at Hari (Vamana) because of their loftiness

remove all your difficulties.

w% ®£ 3*r% ^ 3ik srfm zmmi ^dir), ^m, «rfe&

f^wj^t *ft 3W +<3e|l<rl Mf 3TFT #nf% ^3 ^ ^ l|V9 »

vlHnivl<si<rci fiMdrviyRPviyiw-cj^ ^ ^?rj

o*4l^l-^ W%3i: feroTT: 3?J^T m^M mwtffc plpr-

^•RT: ffcMf^Tf^ I 3TFTTFr 3^^ fq^f^ 3(|cT tofcT
^1H<4Pd, ^tet HW<=hldld} W^FH^ T?IFT 3TSJT: ?faT^ 37R^
T^cfl^T: 3feT ifa ^ ajcf cTFRTr^ ^ *M Ttf> cTR ^T: ^RTt: fa^rfcT

4: I, ^tcTRf JfllsKrt' cT^ f^qfcT, ufadfcH^QT: Iff^f *flfaf

f^5® 3: ^ aUcfiRt ^F?T: <TtRT:, ^ W?lt: H^JM: fal^T: 3:

ipi tog I

«rraT^:-3T?TWrjf : ^fPT fe^lT: ^WfT 3T^Wf 3^^ ttj^R

f^fof, T«IT«Rf fdfcj <sld)Hyd*f*K<*|f^i WSfe\, M4dHi Tf^cTT:

:
^5Tf^T, 37FFT?t TfTOfoST: flf ^RFF |

When the horses raise their heads the rays of the Sun fall-

ing on them look like blood oozing from the wounds, caused by
the bits of the bridle in their mouths. Those rays by their deep
redness enhance the splendour of Aruna. Falling on the peaks
they look like crowns of the mountains. They spread over the
sky and grace the day break. May such rays give you happiness.8
 9

^ dlfdHI^ # SRfTife «T3T <Sf f 3mfe

, vJ^fdd ftR m
4
WM$ Zmp. 5^ ^T^T 3TrftrT s^dlel ItHM *FC

aTM #5* JJJd«fl-tfl? i^dl^ ferri^ 3TR ?M% f¥fH

^ Hill

i^f|; r^Uchiu|[ fcOlROl fcuHcilfe I

3T^:-^f%frlWTT^g^: ^tf^T: JRHT <rlH«<l:, T

J^t% f^fe f^T

ssrrem-Hgfw?^ ^^miR^ 3Hi^,y i(h ^ft^ ^ 3:, 3tt^

^W^T tfSl^ Mld^ui ^t: c^SJ 5RHT <r!M-<l: ^tT:

f^im^ WK^TR: Hc^WlRdl:, JNW *M ^ WW cT^

d^l^ 3^T: ?TFT WPt HR: hI^^II: , <1kli^ll: ^M: feW:
'^fyT^T^f^^T %K:, MWHMi TJ^ffWTf <T: ^qfe
Wi; ^MRfHdlH. 3Trqfw jftfcT^ 3tH^ iFPRJ I Y^tSo^R: I

'*Wf^ fcTRTcT: fo*UPd, 3TTO| *J MiM^, cT^: q^T: TJ5JT ^H l

R4)
1%£M effeT: TOWR cTC^T, ^
3TT^R I

*rafor, WMPKI^ 3T?j dkw^li: ^ few: ^d-cirbPli ^rfe

i

Making people happy by giving water (milk) which is ex-

i traded at appropriate time, the solar rays like cows get scattered
L in the fore-noon, recede when the day comes to a close and act
^like boats to ferry the pious people out of the ocean of distress.
'
-vlay those rays enhance your happiness.
10 ^ld=hH,

^Rcl WPft ir&R <=lf? 3RT3Tf^t 3IFR ^fal^, ^ f^TT3^

^f=Bt fe^f ^ faddic?) 3TR 3TH^fWT^ ll^ll

^(Mleh % wfodyfad^diyi^lch^STT:
m<m P l fcfchcM RH*<f*<U|l: %cT^: WW I I ^ o | I

aR W^cb^ irah? f^rfcT, WfaTWf«R!^dWtfHI+crMf3T: ft Rh+<(*<WN:

RH+<l*<uil: f^HftT H^Uld TOcTCT ^TTlfcT: f :

^RP^RZT ^TR^RTd; 5%: TJ=f^j ^TWf fa^rfd f#ff, WTT

fsRJRT *T f#d, #SRT WSJ JlfsRTHf H+fedHi ^TOPfaHT
^TI^ 3TfHeimi"M ^ ^So^RT^TT: ff f<Hcb<Rb<u|| : ^fpr TW:

^f^T: 1%«r: firait JR^Tft Wft P$fM d^T TO«R#fei

%RT WTT f^BRT ^ *H4pd, «ItHRT^ 3rqfe^t

The rays of the Sun as if to get the lotuses awaken the con-

sciousness of the people, open up the lotuses and remove the

worldly fetters of those who with folded hands bend their heads
in devotion. May those rays which fulfil all the high ambitions
like Kalpavrksa destroy your sins incessantly like Ketu.10
*?fcf>^ 3TFRT f?R *R 3fc$fa VS^K JPHFT WMf^ 1 5
Tj n% WW
^d+Kl ^%f^TT ^T^T ^TTTcT 3^ I, 3^% STfacTTC *Jjf cb<^fdH.
 11

fHcirufitTiniiflPiyjmPi^d^iR ^nh i uh
WRIT rffa^Hlf^W^^sll TFRT: chcWI^*: I I \% I I

3RT*T:-3TPTfc SHR TW: W!:, W(fc +<MHsp : , drt l dUch -

^T: R^mfd^iiR^ <tN T^t, [HdM^Pi^PiJHWM^d^iR hmm \:

£RFT «HT«f TFT: farTPT «M: 5RT^T:, ^qf^ JPTRT ^TcF>

3ifaol**i: ^hWW: WW:, RK¥N<): ^(NW f^FT wf: <T5f

WTFT 'J^T Wt
WT: HP<i)tflcmftHI 3T^ pMd^lR W¥lfl«4 5R^t ^ffWHT:
I
%T*Tlt>T:

5R%RT ?qT 37RT^T:, 5fcfr?K: 41^1^ ftcfa t^FlfcT •TF*fFf IfoKPpi

v
3T^# ?ft^TRt: <JMi|<^ : TFTFT Wf: f%W: ^ffl^

vrraT«f:— 3TFrf% *RFT Helltsw^m:, 'TfRmr} qftBPffiqT:, 3TTc^cT-

x^WR <9h*chi:, wfolfiuil HI'I^HIUII:, ^RheWpHi PHdjfl R %RTftjRt- l

,
?R^3TW!7tT:, ^JR^R: *TFqR?T Jft?T^, ^gferrft^RT
f^f^rmRf ftrtW: ^wf^BTa f^TRJ^ ^sW l; ^fRb<u| l: ^RR;
^TPTT^^SRJ I

Pleasant in the early morning, and looking like streams of

gold for the hard-pressed, the rays of the Sun act like the sup-
porting staff during steep fall. They also serve as lamps to obtain
true knowledge and are like paths to attain nirvana (liberation) act-

ing like the stick of a chamberlain indicate the way to yogis as-
piring for salvation. May those rays protect you from sins.l 1

?T«rat
3TFT^ «R HlfklifdlJ, SRqft *TTCT%

WTT ^T^, 3UrHdr^H %fcR

W¥<1,
JKlMobl
PR 5TR% WT
qffw, wfaw3> Tjpf
^
Md><*w1 3TPT ^iRiU, mk% WTt% Wctf
^T3I^t Hrrtff 3TTC dl'lkl T
TTCT^ T# II ^ II
12

TT#^: *T%T: ^T*fmfT^^T ^R: cTr^ STRICT:, ^ t^TT

*TOT«f:-TJ«fc*IT fcftT 3^ WcM^H^ dWdRlUsA *jjiHHin:

feTT #W ^il^iHNei Hdl^HHI:, m&m4 ^j^:

The rays of the morning Sun in the east lookng like a beau-

tiful crown on the peak of the mountain for few moments, ap- ,

pear as if sprinkling gorocana water profusely from the high

altitude, and are being fervently looked at by the Cakravakas,

May those tender rays of the Sun
-
waiting egerly for sweet talks.
fulfil all your desires. 12
iff f^m3 % fmhp^ wt #m, f^na^
 *n%, 5rr% ^rf^r, ?nf^ *?nt: ^t#tt wfa ^pn=F ftra 1

^ WT
JcTRT
,J
fk:
£ ^, fWTftT fr>fR
ffd" 'iftdlft,
^§ ^5
^f:
3TcT ^THTfWT
SrSPT: *£sh

3TFg ft| SWi, ml Tjerfit *JTFfT IdH^M «lTC*rf^T, rTTf^T 'RHt:

^#*T ^TcTHT
3#:,
R><uiHi

srf^TT:,
^ ?Tcflft

^eT^:, ^f?:,
W^#T, ^fT*
jF^:,
f?Ff

W
^ ^fa: I
I

W^Tef:-^ ^fFT f^TT: pM'lfd sTgm: ^T^f^f: ftt: o^lPdRPd,

Wfr: ^WT: ^TcTT:, 3T^g fag ^M:, STcT: c^HT: ^*FT ^

Pi^ll-TcT&sfFTi; l^y^ld: <!>m^i ^TT^^I^^fSJFFT 'RHt:

The rays are said to be a flash <}f light, two eyes^ and fifth

element in the three worlds by four headed Brahma. They as-

sume various forms in six seasons, appear new in the beginning
. of the day, cover the eight quarters, and are praised by seven
heavenly seers. May those ten thousand rays of the Sun confer
happiness on you. 13

wr (^jf), f^rw mv\ ^ wt, *m ^jMf% skt

^ W^T f^f 3TFl% TOI ^ II ^3 II

Mlrfu^WIMrlU^irSJT ^*rfa^j tffacTt eft H&F§ I I ^ I I

fW 1^, FfPT 3^FIT cTl^T Otim: ^fiT: ^Tcrf: ^T, #^ SRlflRI

<NH^H cP<TT: ^T, ^ 3T#F?: f^IT:, 3T% ^ fcW:, S^f^

^T: ??ft5n: "gfa^TT: T$ «^f^T M^T, SnrRHTftW^: 3TTtT

igrflfT 35RT : ?M ^WtTTFT 4: ft, l^mf *RT:, Hlcf^W

#3 < |
c| | Rjdk1l : ^ ^FT ^ fWTT: ^1^1: W f^for, 3Tr9fW[#T

WR ^53R: ^Hft *m forfcT, eft ^ldlt>HI ^IW: 2J*#, ^TRTfcT-

TMfa ^Rfcf, cTcTS SfRT: W{ wPmPcI cT^ fr!T«f: ^SJ^rft I

As if exhausted of travelling the whole world again and

again, getting thirsty thereby because of own heat, and turning
hot as if by forest fire in summer, the rays of the Sun suck the

water of the earth. Becoming too sick with excessive consump-

tion they vomit water in rains, and turn weak in autumn. May
those rays of the Sun remove always your worries. 14
cfpK fafl 3TT^ d^Hdl*) cJ^Tcf Slfc 3fc*T 3tc]3

qftt tT*M #r, sraf R'm^mI stow ^f^t fcM

^T^^rfk *mrf f^Tcj <vi vicil ?nf suffer °r: 1 1 i

 teT cTW: ^?T: Wc-Mdl, 3TR^: jjfe^T: dR f^RT do+Pdd: ^JfR:

WH\ 3T?M, 3TT?^: iilfeel^l: Wfl W 3fR^ ntP^H , 4r*Pdd :

3TgcT: cblMleiHI TR ^d$Pd: tWU: ^T, 3^jp? Pd4>fad ^ SFqfa x^f

d^=r fR IflcR ffrT crf^d; Rd^, f%f^ 3feWTT i^Pid l ^^nft

S3 1[
rft^T, srffeTC: 3^Wt; ^feq- sfrsT Rb<u|MI ^Wcft, ^TRT WdT
<^Ufld1 37^nf^: f^TffW:, 3: ?R~ ^7<j fa^TTg
^Nd^sHPd ^ frq*TC: I dMHM^K: I

<=bPlddU|f, rd=hfad ^Id% f^Tg# fafl^JHifddl, ^^nft f3 qWTRT,

f2tinjft-TT^#Ef i ktfrfcfo JRR: m<^u ||gf: SIRSfTR I

The early graceful rays of the Sun looking tawny like

newly sprouting beards on the lotus-eyed face of the day, create
a scenic beauty as the digvadhus cast their sweet glances on
them. May those thousand rays of the Sun give you happi-
ness. 15

f^p£3T% upp 3^ciUd*) 3#r; % h ^r£ chfHdd"f ,

Ttftiti iftfoZ RcRT% *jWi (^) Vtt tft f^IdRMt ^% *RR Tgfcft

f^f *TfcT R3R 33 lifyi

*PJTFT fdMHiilMlM fdfttfrtf: *T Rdm^nl <J: MUM

3T^I:-1R: Hldl-<1: ^fif *TT 3>fci;ffcT TTf^T S3 3W#T,

3: 3^ *cR: *T: fdfH<RMl: cRRRR fcW^3$R: 3: ^ I

16 ^IcHH,

rfWr^ ^TT ^ 3^ ^cT:, ^T: fcTft^:

^BRl* ^ ^ I dcifelMgU:

fmrfwFT
I

f^5
«TraT«f:-^f^rar

tt^ l|R<t^H^ Tc^M

fl|f :
Hlld^^<l fOT^T: fRl^WS I

Lord Siva as if apprehending the loss of lustre of the moon

on his head, Brahma too fearing the closure of the newly blos-
somed lotus wherein he sits, and lord Krsna afraid of losing
black colour of his body, try to propitiate the early morning Sun.
May that little appearance of the rays of the Sun protect you. 1

^ft^ TI^T cbi^U, ^^bU|41 f^e% ^rT ^gfrT ^ t, .

fdWiuf oEffa ^hrf: f^ff ST^^TTWRTtsa^

^ft WW ^Tf^T: ^rf: f^TcTT:, 375^ WTCH; °<4WIH. *Rf ^eif^T

 1,

^Id<*>^ 17

^Pffg HHM M J J
KH J
II: I
t%', 3T ^^ : f fR:

#ft ^TR^ 3Tsft^, W^ff^: W^f?Tt: ?t faW:

sncrrtf:-^ fern!: czffa fewM ^T^, feT: #€;

t^cTTSI SfeS«| ^ti| | ; ^rT, W ^ Wltcf, faw>f

1 T
tf^t dc^c-ell

The Solar rays make the sky wider, all the ten quarters

larger, oceans dash against shores, and the earth vast one, full of

trees, cities, mountains slopes, They remove darkness and

etc.

arouse the world along with lotuses. May those rays ward off
all your evils. 17

chi^ l dl faff feM ^ft 3PTOf <g 3R ^foft 3TR ftcbkHd 3Rcft

W: VlldthdcAji f^f?T f^TcJ f?Tcj ^ftsf%fm^Tt 1 1 \ 6 1

3OT:-3^TSR?r^p:, Pr^WnflH^C:, ^f^Tlwr: Sift-

er fW ^drdftH ^t?T:, Vlldshd^i 1% ^TTcT:

TO: 3T^:, *T! Jf^TfaTcT: 3lfq l^^llWtsfo ^T: %W ^ ^, ^

18

%T cT2TPJ?f f^Rfffen^R <$?f

f¥fT^f?T: wf:, ^lldthd^i ^Idshd): f^FT

ReKhldl^^IT f^TT JnW#!f ^MHT "jcffefW^HR; 3^8^ SFpTR

f^T^ WTT ^RRT *TCT?R: f^jcR^ M^f WSJ^T ?fcT fd%TT^

^^FTT ftf?T ^ oiWft^H" I 3Rjt' ^rff^ff^T; ^m^d ,

fia|U||-^T: 3R?^T: f* : d^V^:, 3#R^r : , 3Tf^RTT faTCT:

<H HW: ^41k1^rd: ^fcT ?c*T«f: I

As a lamp burning steadily in a place removes darkness

with its flame, so the rays of the Sun remove darkness of night
with brilliant rays. Free from mortality and worries those rays
traverse the three worlds regularly and appear new in the east-
ern quarters every day. May those rays bring happiness to
you. 18

^
^ ^ f^r^ ^^
^
RMm°H^ tflcr, m5 Tif^t ^rm
^^ g^r 3^w^ ^
yffrm, f&m. sk f^tf ^ ^ ^zf%
^ null

H)«hlcflebf4J HTSf ildWfd TTT H fd< ^|>JAcj

l I

^^IcJV^IdeblVllcjfSR^ H cifdNHl ftfefftj: I

m I I
 1

cT^rnTcf: ^Wl^dil+mylH: TT: cfFR: dMHW ^q^PT cTFR:

Apprehending that the tender lotus creepers may lose their

freshness, the rays do not enter the nether region. They do not
afflict the sides of the mountain Lokaloka. Fearing the splitting
up of the entire region above, the Sun contracts its long rays and
gives light according to its sweet will. May those rays of the
Sun protect you. 19

^'t ell+ldl=b ^T^d% sMI^fdU, 3^T% ^ ^ cTT#

TUT: Ul<tam<0 ^ fadiW^lclS^TT Id I

5RT: Rl^pflHi ^fe $^cHWlfa -MjllfV^l}

rT^3rm: $$prifa f^nj f<HMd srfa ^jmTfsra? 1 1 -r
o 1

3^: if, ^F^TTT: 3fN 4Kfc faeT^ 3%, ^ #§Hfl, ^f? f^T^M,
jy<c|H^ 3Tft ^T: (^T), JTRT: f^T^: cT^«IFT ^: ^7TM I
20

^RFTT ^W^3^tT: ^t#H 3Tft ^ ^fcT, ^R:

%^ef 3fT^T ^PT
f^T ^TTf^ ST^WT^ xf
^
If: HWf: faeTC 3^T, ^RT: 3fft

fe^TfrT, f^T g gfef WrT I UTff: i^Mft ^FTft f^T: W{

^3f; ^PRTfM; chHHNI: 3rf*T^ I ^TT cWft
? cTFTT: SfM I c^Tt: %^ef «R^t, 3T^ | PTf^gWW
rRT: 3^ fidNHW* I

*dTFFT
Wf: TOt5fq
3T^TdT *T
^IdY+d: ^frT
^frf I 3fc^
I

ftFST:
^mfa I^HM^W feFT £<rfcT,

^Rf^T,
^Fs^T:

^H,<dH

gfecf mfcT I 5TT?T: ^7FTH f^T^: ^TFT ffa: *pTFfi +WHI4I: 3#J^ W
With darkness receding in the morning the entire creation

gets lightened. The snow covers the mountain slopes and the
moon retreats. The Siddhas with folded hands bend in venera-
tion and the lilies are closed with the rising of the Sun. May that

graceful orb of the Sun rising in the morning fulfil more than
you desire. 20

Rid -4*1 (s^T 3fk fadlddl efit) JIM ?T?TT t; t%H% W?T ?F>$
f^f% (^TcTT S6T) HMW>KlrH=h 3WfcT «Tg WtcfT |; fj? =FFFT *TT

gferr^n wtcft 1 1 ^ *£f% ^ ?ta arr^t ^ft^ arfaeF jt^h

^ IRo||

«J% <TTWT*TT fdT^TH ftdim i

^ *lfar^c| |

^4 TTFT ft^j Rcjfl^rM ITT ^tT^ ^dl^l-

 21
^IcHH,

3T^Er:-^ M^Hi 3#^T 7f pftT, 3TrqcT 3T?TM f^, ^

pgr, 3r^t 3T#? i*tt wtea f^, ^ cttwtt TO^i ^

3IM 3#cT ^ ^ ^TTfH, 5lc3cT ft^* 3MJ ?M F^TCT tlTFTfcT

^MldPMRl cTc^R:,
TOR: f^fit
UHM^: f^T
cTFTT: ^RI^iHwl
^% ^ f*Nlfte:
fleT^T:
I
^MT
fSTTT:

^^srn) ^ snq^m, fwrft f^T, ftto^t: few ^

The lustre of the Sun does not snatch away but enhances
the beauty of the lotuses, it does not replenish the beauty of the
stars (eye-balls), rather affects it. The Sun is not able to cause

a twinkle even for a moment but heralds the beginning of the

day. May that effulgence of.the Sun which is an
extra-ordinary

eye of the the three worlds, burn all your sins. 21

cMPd°hl *?t srqiw 3$ ^^ I, ^ ?trt3tt%

(jj5pt%, =FT)frrf%) ^t' t, 3^ ^^

TTRT: llWm f^wft: ^1^1^11^-

22

^OTTT^^rftn ^fq ift^ ^ sO^ 3TTYTT: ^cTT, SJTfT: 3tf^TT^

f^°Tt: WTft Jllcrciwi <tfWfa 3^ sftcRHT, ^fcT: W: ^PffHri ^| I

oqiWI-^mRiRflRlKdWdW^d^ TOT: ^ 3W: fW?T-

f^RK ^fMt' W 5TMT, 3[T?TTf£^HT R"MI-TT ^ 3RT: "^5T-

^fefcT 3TT?TT: feT: W SRTT, HI: W?t sCd^ll^ *$$m ^

^kftT 3T?ffa c£ tildHMI <|uWHI, f&*ti: ^fet SjfcT: *FT:

«TraT8f:-Tft: ftl^Kdi^dWlffaenifrT ^f«f#^ 3TFR!T,

^^l<u^in^fcch<iru| RhwR^ 3Tf^dl^l |3 f^T: JPffT, JfRT: 3#%T1^

m: ffcT qft^pf gc:' ggrf 1

anfqjL aKraftii

As if hankering after cool water, getting cooler due to dew

drops of the night, the rays of the Sun reach the earth in haste.

They cover the ten quarters quickly as if to awaken the lotus-like

trunk-tips of the Diggajas (Guardian elephants of the quarters).

Those rays traversing visnupada, the sky as if to surpass Visnu,

shine brightly afar. May they ward off all your worries. 22
UcT^t 3TRq% ^ftcM f# MI^PdH *TFft JftS 37F> 3Mt,

*FTR} 3R% ^^ ^KcT flRtff 3TR 3TR^eT ^

 23

MlkOcMRi : ilrip ^HfriH d I l TTfagwrfePTt eft

f*RTCT: SePT fr^:, cTfFT^T: cTR, 3Tfa #

^TPTT: cTSTPJcTT, cPT: 3T^R: Tf^cTT 'T, ^d^cTT H=T, ^ ^

tf^ftt: ?M:, ^ 3WTT +gR<fM ^ PrefflKiT, ftfacTgfa^TFI

3feM: dt*J|(cclM: PI fc^Z^fcT: ^PT cFPT d^ii^il:, FJ:

Even the terrible storms that uproot the mountains in

Pralaya (Universal dissolution) are not able to flicker the flames

of the solar lamp. That brilliant lamp, produced by Patariga
(Sun) is not extinguished by patahgas (insects) and keeps away
the collyrium-like darkness in the day. May that extra-ordinary

lamp of the whole world give you happiness.23

cfa ^ ^N?T fa^RT <5tf ^Mt, HcmidlH 3TfST ^T

^ 3^cT 3^T& cRt^T +>wm3 *TpT, (^#) *im,

3lk WTH (^teT ST ^Zf S) *

^?TT faeW TJJS ^frfeT^T
^ ^Teft,

3TR
ST^

#TT^
^Tc^
SjQT
cfa

^
S^T
24

gD Hf^l tfsraf ^f^RcJ ^f^dWIkli) c^c^ts^ 11^*11

o!ITW-ft!TfaFlT 3MTHT f^ll^ 3#f^FTT ^ tpt

(WTI^IH^IW :
ti^ jqtffl: crfOT^ 3#f 3?fcTT, TJ^fcT ft^,

^ ^ ^ f^^^ HW^f 3?r2RT^ SRffr^r SR-c^efT, ?Rt «^ ^

^ff% HF#ij f% ^ft, sTRFT Tgfcl f^T ^tkTT ^fa:

*>RR=( ^dfadW
^, 3Tf^T# ^JfRT
3TRT3 W<ti
xf Weft ^
3TCcj I
^fa: fcW:,
'dHHMgk:, ^T^RTU' I
=f:

*rraT?f:-^fg faj oijiqobd^l tfcRTT, I^Tf^ 3T^^T-

^FT ^bHI+HpTeir^ ^J^J I 3^ 3H|^||i|r4^dl, 33cTT, gnWpT

The bright light of the Sun unaccustomed to associate with

darkness, attends eminence not only at the time of rising but also
in the inauspicious time of setting. It spreads all over the quar-
ters and possesses commendable excellence. May that light

fulfil all your desires. 24

TJW f^RT 31?^ SHf^T, Sft (^5T)% WT ^falt fo^T 3TN%

3#TW Tjnf ^ IR*II

m&t H^rtwnw^ Tj^5f#Tmtft ^: in m I

 25

. HflRsH^ c#RT 3Tfc|:$c|fiil:, 3Rf^ ^u|m^ SffHYM

: tfcf^

3?T^ SRT: aJM: ^; ^ 5f^; 3TWT:, 3RKT 3TT?J 311^1^ I

dd^HI ^#{, 3F£R JmfTTcf ^ef^rT: cfTT°fvFT cTR^^M 3?[f%?^

^P*[ Sfffreif^T)-' tfcT 3TR?^ 3^ 3RJ^ : f^Ff ^tH^ ^FW^,

3T^ ^M:: 5FTfcf%*T: f^, 3T^ : ^for <*M: 37TcPT: 3TqRf wfr
W$fr{ lft5f^ f^^Tg I ^R3fmt5eTfR: few 3W ^

The light of the Sun takes away the brilliance of the stars,
moon-light, fire and makes eyes long for darkness. It appears
like young Kartikeya who holds Sakti to kill the powerful de-
mon Taraka and mounting the peacock with crescent-graced
feathers attracts the attention of Andhakari Siva. May that light

bestow prosperity on you. 25

*P$p& *RFR 3FWft WM^ r^N^*l 3TRf^?r ^TeTT f?NJ

=blRfi<4^ r[eT, <TTCT3M ^TffcT 3TWT ^TrTT §3TT, ^% *TRH
^w^ntt 3#^t smf 3tr## 3^^r ?rfa
feroT 3TN^1 R«TR ^ ll^ll
26

oqHsUI -STRT: 3PP^ JPTfflF^ **i)cHWI: 1: 3T?T: cTFT

5PTf%^ #W <i4)<rW41 H+I¥W4), cftH^TC: 3WTRTt: 3#tT: 3:

^loHNI 3?wf<fa ^?J2J% 3R|+Hl^^u|

:
f^wrfrM,

H<friq41 *j4«*lPd: fSRFR^ I

The rays of the Sun in the early morning unveil like the

brush of an artist the beautiful picture of the world, interwoven ,

with white, black, reddish brown and red colours on account of

remaining moon light, ink-like darkness, pollens of half-opened

lotuses and early appearance of the dawn. May the splendour of

•

the sun please your eyes. 26

xfciSt sfa^ Mlu^WufaMl 3T^Riral%

V
 ^ld<W( 27

. feffi ^FI W^Rf^friT ^RTT fe^ ? Hlf§f«l W^Rrfel1^g?lf?K-

SJFRMt | ? 3TRT^ 37Tefr%m WcTW 1: I

c?HM-^: ^TWrfcTFT TOI^: TOM ^ mumi: t: ^1-

<|jmHP*#T: TO^i: SRrfumT 3TWT#rfWT 3MFdt 3FT^# ^7#T: ^pf:
? ¥#T: WcT: W dc^^Td ^ ^K: 3^lRdd. FTPT T?TFT I

H$R*HW HI$K*H |W 3fcf>T 3T#fT Pufadl fwfe TOFT #3pqRTt

*?lf|P5t, fft TrE TFTTc^^fcT ^M HllalWl; # W: 3T«T:

^T^3TRfeT: tff: fa^cTRT fwf -ellHilcil ^IH<M^-: ? TJef^fW

FFfa, <*1yw^u| gj fcK^ldl TOFT 'fflil ? 3TW TOFT ^gFTT;

STW^TT: H^R^dl f?R9TWt fo^ ? ^Tftpl 3ft: 31ld)f+dl FT
"

The early rays of the Sun are looked at anxiously by the

people in amazement as to whether they are the paths of
Sumeru, studded with dusts of emerald stones? Or the golden
banners of the Chariot? or the moving Camaras of manjistha-

(
colour on the heads of the horses in front? May those rays re-
move all your sins. 27

^TWTF tfacT 3TT^ 3MT

'

tTTT
f f ? 3TO3T fM ftt%
}W W^I f ? 3T?M TO% |f *TT?T% ftR di^-MHIH

^WK^dld) dlH<M^- f ^FTT ? ?F cTC? SJTf^TF 3Ucfc FJ&t TOW

3TN #<TT% m^^ IRV9M

idWlieifi feit q cTqf?f *>kw?llfd^M °4Hfd>

^kt? HlrcHpM qRH ? fadifddij d l c«gR^q 7J : |

^ l » ll chlVIMehlVMc<d<U|d^U|Msh4) 5 AMch V I: l 1 1 3411

28

zm Mi 3^: fcrc ctr^^t facRfacKiq, ^ivn+iviw+ufiwcKuid*^- •

TO: 3TOcB^qfetn IT: 3^J[^m: '

oSfHsm-^: aT&TO: *3RT^ fa*T% f^HRPTfo, ^ cTCfcT,

^ d^ui^H 3MH ^ 3T^T?T:

M
3qriVU<=bl^ft cf^f:
l ^ ll chl^l ct^
l l ^i i
cicKu i :

3RRM cr? 3TWt WtTT: TFT WJjT:, fTU 3T^T:

Tit? PdU^lft ft^FT $m fo: * WTfr; ^ fag 3TTWT

The first appearance of the Sun removes the darkness, is

not severe and does not reveal its entire, splendour. In spite of

putting an end to night it does not exhibit the entire glory of the
day. It covers all directions, sky, and other spaces. May that

first appearance of the Sun not desist from fulfilling all your
desires. 28

3T^R^T ^
fjRRT I, WTT *fl #1 I,
'

TTKZT WW' 3T^TM 3^%f^ ^ ^tf?m ^T^Ict, <jyfdl«£l 1$ W frr, ,

Uri^4<lM W fSTJrT ^M*bfu| rTrOJ

rffc fHe«

3Tr^^ ^
|

TTTt^ *T^TT W TTTW W i

qcHcfcq 3T^R ^PTffT ehfdU.il 4)PlH) fa«Cd

^^3RfcT ^PT^ ^H: fofcT, ^fijF^ 3T(^Rn ^ fel^R

 #?ra?f^ 29

amsm-^^r: qfa <M, fqqW % titmm, ^fq^srfq

* 'q^S!^: ffcT qq^ qfqf^ qq^ 3TC( fqqq^ ^^St Hl^ild
?WcT t^T q, q^q^q 3lfq£ qf: W, ^^TfcT qrfcRq qlfqq:

4l J WHlfwq fgwt fS«?T ^tfrf: q: ^3^3^ I fofcrtScTlR: I

«rraT«f:-^ qiqqfq P^fu^: ^frr, fq^cTRfq spqqq; ^q,

H^hIm ^Kfef, ^f?MT ^FTft 3f^q, faHl^fldHfa RR-dH, q^fc ^IcHfa
q^^jf^qf <*fdM^ qpFT: ^ fq^f%; cTSTT^Jcf qiU^ 3TT^I-d-(^ few ^£ Tq :

The ray of the Sun though too hot is the cause of perma-
nent peace. It is vast but very small, visible but beyond compre-
hension, near but far off, transient but eternal, well-known but
very few yogis (asceties) comprehend its true nature. May that
ray of the Sun with its double nature internal and external save
you all. 29

qt ?Tqq qt qfacfiT ^ t zfo fefa wti ^q I,

^
<fla t,
^q' |, qf q^jr 3jk
:

aft Wtft 3fc |, q?T I 3Th: ?TT«|q f, fqq

m f 3^ ^Tq qMt eftqfqtf qtwq |, 1$ ^4% W sfa

»
3TTC5RR ^ 5|oFK% qq 3qq #qM WT ^ 11^ II

3T^:-fH^dl^M<*JNchlW KcqRT ffa: H^HM, q#: ^lqffc

fqqqfeqqqT 3qq^ STqqfcT, qg ^dl^^lfafq:, 3iq^q, qqsqr
3TRJ |fTf^, ^e^W^tecR q^ Tjq 3T<fcqq: q : 3^qqiq; I

oHlisyi-rH^dl^M^Hchl^i fqqq: q : 3^?T: *qR rHT ePf: 3Tq^m :

W?T: q^T qq, *u|^ fqqqsqrqj rrq ^qrqf qq :

qn^qrq qqqfq, q^:
^raffc ^re spjfq qq ^ qqqfq, qg Tcqqq^ qTrgqrq irqqfq, ^qt:
ftq# fqsratiqqqT "?ftqcn%q t^n 3qq^ q^ jrqqfq, qg sifqq^ ^qTq,
30 ^faRT^

ft^cTTO ignfSlfa *jppn^ 3^T Mimi^l=h, 3TT?J tftH^

3 ti«KM<H , 3TcTT^ ^^Wrftet, «<I^H <^cia-4l ^Ff:

ffa: chm i

<H ^1 1
^ddd-MI ^tcT I W|

Gems put in appropriate places enhance beauty, fire burns

woods, moon gives pleasure for her cooling nature. But the
beam of the Sun discharges all those activities more effectively.

It is an ornament of the three worlds. It burns the sins and gives

immediate pleasure by causing rains. May that solar light with

its multifold actions protect you all. 30

%^?r ftfts vm\ Osh, anft) Htm I, sm faft

^Pfc? <5eR I, ^ 3^ ^lldddl^ %3cT 3TH^ ^cTT t, ^f^T

?iter sim^ ifar I, ^ ^ p; sfctfax ^^ -^rar ^fe ita simt

wi ^ 113*11

^FTcL, 3^ pi 3c?JTW^ 3T^FTT JfT^mN: 3tf?^ ^h^ciic^ I

3TTRT^mT W^T fop TO cTc^ [HfHdH|U|«jRl, ftfcRTT «l"igRi:

M I UMNK TO ; Ft^TMWTc^, *TO ^TNT^ 3WI 3TSR2rf ^

cqfrffepq TO ^ MR*jft|d Hl^lki *R: ^1 cT^ cT^, t^TRTTW f^f-
 ftaisH 31

3TWcffe W, TTfcfc^T
WT ftW35# ^M: m^PT:
fp!FK: I 3TT^: zfovfim MIW^ 3^wt ^rf^ 3^cT: HT^JRTFT:

cT^ ml TORrf?? f^T^FT ^cT ScWf^ 9mTfcF£: utuBlH:

The early rays of morning Sun like antidotes awaken the

world falling asleep with eyes closed, sense of hearing gone,
taste lost, smell impaired, mind defunct, limbs loosened and
only the throbbings of the heart remaining, as if bitten by the
time-like snake. May those rays remove all your misfortune. 31
3TRI, ^R, ^ffa ^ 3(k Wf) 3PF> 3Ttr} !?|Rh}

Tf^rT $m %3eT W <?\M\<A\ <^fa W&g ^Rtx*) 3rkf*rqft WIF&ft cR?

#ft sprpb) wim +<^h1 w# 3tft

eM% SRlfeT ?£F? 11^ ^||

3T^l:-3T^n^ft Ff7?ft ^T^SPT: W^ST^R^, wl<*W)cbl-

u
m1dl*> l*Rl:, 3Tf^TU^ 3TRr^Fpr^ :
,
f=pj^H*RFT 3^T?J TOvfT <jf£ ^RTT,

oilHsill— ST^el^ll j,<+>lR 3T^rf: ^TF^ 3Fj^dfcT ffcT rf«Ir^

3FFj^ WkwH ?t3: 3FRtcn SfW *f%T: JM *JFT

W*JcT:, SlFiRra; 3#eF%T ^TrT: <lRWHcf>: zt^T

JRM FPfat ^f? ^RTT, 3F*T:

fa: fa^3T^f*rafof ^3T^T rTFf ftfa: fa^IM, sf*^I ^=far

SIxFT: 3TffelK: f*<uiM4H: ^f?ct cfWJT^ ^TTTFTg I
 1

32 *j4!fld+4,
*

YR: 3q^T^ ^Tf^ f^H^TFT ftM ^ryifrfi ^H: ^T^T:

tRroiftr : ^Rfci ^fWFTg I

As fresh siddhanjana (collyrium) dries up tears, removes

gradually the redness as well as other defects of the eye, and
gives clear vision, so the early rays of the Sun remove noctur-
nal dew drops resembling tears, shed gradually their redness,
leave contact with night and give clear vision to the three
worlds. May those rays of the Sun appearing in the east, remove
all your evils. 32

3T^ fagaflfoWT p#i SilH^krl, «SM WW

3T^, 3Tc*T ^R&t c£( 31^ (TTcTSfJT 3TFf),

fe^TRn fa^rarj fg^cil^dA) w "fo^rr ^: 1

1 33 1

oinw-^R ^^FT % RKU+W f^FT f^T TJjfFli

^HU ^Odl
i
oH rMHlrM ^f:,
i ST^ ffcT ^if^T^Irit: tR:, M
^smt: ft*rai sra^ a^mftsmT, ^nf srhrt <Mhhi i fcuifcr ^f?r
 3

^gTgf.-Tj^Tf ftftT ^?RHT, ^ ^rftw?rt, ItyHMnf, ^pm-

^t, 4wm twadlH, I

Bursting forth beautifully in the eastern sky with red col-

our and making lotuses bloom, the rays of the Sun cause loss of
moon-light; act like an ornament and enhance the beauty of
three worlds. May that glorious and roving light of the Sun
bring you prosperity. 3

e^lWI -3TfiFT4 3?JR rlW c+^R-MI *1dJ*»^ 3^RT

3^ r^U §J^MH ,
^IcrHM^ 3T1^M cTW^ 3^
gffgrgeff^H^PT: sffcPJelM: fcf sirasreiclllfM:, wit; fan?:, "*g-

^Rq^t, f^^l^MHl^lildlcbiyilMHK^:', PR I ^cRpPH5f^?:,

*m Ml, 3^: Ull WS W:, Jn^SRl?: Wfl|^: Well*: ^Teita:

34 ^Id*^
3^?T: Hc|j|c||elci^=blPd: f^fSTW WTlfT: ^SRT^ 3?RF^ I

A night-like maiden desiring to make a new world-like

garden waters the peak-like basin (alavala) of udayagiri with a
moon-like pitcher. From that wet basin bursts forth a solar ray-
like sprout of the day-tree. May that ray emerging like a new
shoot give you happiness. 34

W ^T-3?IH GHI^rdU, fgpft 3PJ1% Wf ^ f^t

cM^t^fR^ ll|Y[l

fasi ^mTw^r cwf^<r«R^n famuli fer^ar

WI-rir4:V)M^«J|r^ T^fafe* EgRTTTf^T ftr^^TT-

3OT:-^f%^ fegwm fern wfa^n ^tjtft *tot M,

3rfjT: ^ SfRRlfti fW^ ^: 3# 3^: 3^m?T: *T*^ERJg3 ^cTTc^ I

c^Tft FfTcTT ^WHIdi ^TT SjfcT: ^FlfcT: cTW: f^Vr fafof,

3 3RT: ftT?M ^rfT # : cjnfaT: *RTT^cT, «^RRRt: 3^T#-

?t^sj#ir: ^f^HircRiT: WTT^ cT^ 3M 3TftT: ^T^M: 1^

^RKlf^ 3PTOf ft^ STrFT: 3#f 3T^ 3TRTWT: 3rafoTW:
:
 35

WR, <RfH-uR!1: ^: ^ ^ 5^ I

The rays of the Sun remove the darkness like submarine

fireconsuming water of the ocean where in the shining corals

look like the lustre of Aruna, gems emitting beams look as flick-
ering stars and make the interior more vicious and wherefrom
internal darkness is not removed. May those well-known and

wonderful rays of the Sun burn all your sins. 35

^t-^t jpnsM Krtfcfi ^t, ^ w£ fa», ^f-

TOcft ^ cTRT3Tf% H^T T^f% ffat ffift, 3^ afc
efiff

cT^M ^ ^TH, ^ Wf£% ^rcT^Tt Hpqicll qH-iqila^ ^TFT

3T3^TW ^TRT °b^c| e l l ^FTT #P *ft 3RtM ifa 3TN

m nsmi

TT#qf HIKI^farfiT^rft 3 < fate fiffalT I

^TK^: gPrf^T: f¥^I *T: 3Tf*RcT:, ^ 37WKJ W WT^ 4^

gftfa: ftftU f^T f^cT *T: Sff^T:, ^3TRTKJ

3* ^ ^3*3^ fr^:
^
I

W: W: ^RT: I TTcf <flu||Rcf, qURH^ ^iR+H/ 3

36 ^fsjId+H,

ftfa: gPW: m$: Wffi fpt, t JfM WJ^ *p *tNr cT^,

fdU|U|l-^^iim<r«cb^l V ?^TFT SRh^zf I

dMMlcW Mdd^fdR^H, I 3^ 3RWTfcT^ M: I

The Gandharvas playing on four types of musical instru-

ments (atodya) sing the solar rays in sweet prose and poetry.
Narada and other sages, well-versed in the Vedas praise them
vividly. The Universe coming in contact with them regains its

youth. May those rays, that spread all over the sky, remove all

your evils. 36

If^FT «ft ^PHT 3*% ^RT cR^ f^Bt -qT^TT ^FT^ ffR
f, ^
^Nh eTT*T ^TrfT I, WW 3f^cT ^WHHtf ^d^dldl Rd+^>
feWf TTlH 3TNeM% 3^rq Sflf ^ 1135 II

3TT^&-4cbl^^dfdfiHd4|l HHcJMK«^|U||-
i)u||^irtlehdlm^^d4^<HI Himft-il r&R I

3TTTT^^mwn ^UI^^ddWUTd^lP^Mivft-
TT*TT HT«TTf?raft ^\ScR[ 1 <J
f=TcTTT dlc|<|fatfg^ft I I 3^9 I I

3TcR:-3M^: ^chi^ : , T^dfdfaid^l, dlHI"l! dMdld^ H u ll£ldl-

chcllMId^ d^dH^IH. 3T^#Tf c#T, SJOT^dtWddWlSdW 3#Rf#: 3TK1^

c^l^l-3TRH; x|^cb|^: g^fiRF#lfa:, T^dfdPKd^l

RRfPPBRcmr, dK=bl"li ^TWTT dHcjld^^lPd^Hd^l, rruirg: irqrg:

3^TFT 3#RRTt: cftTOTh ^fef, 3#iT: 3% *TFT tT^fcT fan?:, 3TR1^

^Tf^TT, JINlfM IWIdcbldlHI SIM ^fcT: W: ^ I ^TT#d^

 37

When the moon-stones become dry, stars turn dim, dark-

ness goes away, medicinal plants lose their lustre and the moon-
light disappears, the immediate approach of the morning Sun,
hidden behind the slopes of Udayagiri, is then inferred. May
that approach of the Sun protect you. 37

^TTqft *TT HI*f«ld<d«iH4TeHHi ^TRT-

P^T, -#T¥T 3qF#fflT, W ^RHT ^ <n14"|): Tlfa:

o^n§irr- ^^r" d<d'j H4T^dldlH 3H>fuidlfH

l
|
,
3^iwf ^iPHaiPl *nft

cTc*Tfa$ ft?tT 3 Wl' llf HH) ,

^FTT; 1R fP^iffi ^
^Nd^ g^M^I W?HT <MHIHJ f^: ^fe*T W ^ f?T: 3M^t- ^:

Wf^3^l4lM^mH ^3 Sr^: TR^Tt: Ufa: 3# Wff&RI^- I

^4Tc|HMi M<HHH H 37TfeT: 37To^ Wit, cTT ^Hlfa^

*V ^ti^^
I
,

TTftc^T 3^T?T: WfrRt fW*T d^VjUW THt; I

38

qcTpcT I cnPJT; W: Wit ^ WWlff : 3}fq- 3^#TcT^iT HfeHlHlRi^

TRPTft qftr^ ^lMc|fd, ci^MdW ^H^l ?WTH1 ^fe} *TT

The rays of the Sun appear on the peaks of Udayagiri si-

multaneously with friend-like pollens of lotuses. They turn the

leaves of forests red and make them look like regaining the

youth. Leaving the caves they touch slightly downwards. May

those rays fulfil all your desires. 38

3^wrn^U^iuii n^fw ITT f?PT HlW|dl^

^nJ||^h1*HN* q cj f^Tf% ^TT <J¥*JMHI f^yidH. I

f^5@RT WHT, 4jdM^blW< ^TTrH^t 3T^ f^TT TJTTfftT ^ I

oiJI(9ill-^T %ft f^TT, spT: : cTRT ^ *i4*HHP*RT ^fcT:

3$ 3WJ|dl4 3^T?T, PHI ^cldlcWHHI, ^TF 3TTcT>WT? yaTTfo

^pfafcT, cj f™ i^HelW, cRT:

f^rfcT ^prfiT, ijef WTcT:
f^3^ WdU^I, qgT^^T: R^yni Wtl ^f^TtM, ^PdM^IW<
^Pd^W ^Pd=h4"l; T^3TR^ W^f, 'W^wH ^Pd^Pd:', °<4ciRlfd-

iwtfr-^^feT U mtfeFft 5RT <^HdMi PcHI*^ WeTHT P?PT *T*fafcT,

f^T:, MSJ ft^yni Mft^+lRufl ^J^M ^TT ^fFT

 39

TtfqfcFft ^£ wft ^rm^ i

The rays of the Sun appearing in the east lighten first the

eastern mountain, then the sky and later on the quarters. They
enhance the beauty of water by opening up the lotuses, but do
not make it hot; help the eyes to see clearly without reducing
their power. May those praise worthy rays of the Sun remove

all your sins. 39

crreTT cHrlfLldi^^df^^dMl^cblUli TPT#-

^S^TOT%ErT5^f^TTtTFI ^H^Tf%W I I *o | |

3RTT:-3T^fg W ^M^Pd^R^RdH ,,

dMWd:
arerrf^RdMI^+luil^
JR#: 3^:
Sitnfel Tj^i^i , ^WRf 3TpT *TRT

j^lHi ft^t: 5T?M: ^ %WT:, ffof SRjnit\ 3FHHT ^§RT, IMCT^:

^Fq^: 37fq ^JT M mi: f^Tlt: 3^: ftft^T f^f ^ 3^cT
*T TTC^T, cTFT ^ i Rfa : 3BJlf#: ^TCTct, ^T, ST^T S(Tf%
40

Wi I ^Rlftfcl MfTPR 3TTf%R^ f%R^' I

Vacaspati, other acaryas of Indra and four mouths of

Virahci, well versed in reciting the mantras of four Vedic hymns
fail, inspite of their sincere efforts to depict the inscrutable and
pious deeds of the Sun. May the rays of that Sun, appearing in

the east endow you with everlasting prosperity. 40

m& m Tgs sfc ^pqt?r *ft ft^HT 3k <pfa ^

^rafr f, 3# imufi ffiwfi jto m^idl °FTfar simt ^jfe

W^T: TO: ^pRt I 3TcT I cT?TT flfcT HlfM^Klglfd: I

VilPuimwl QWtW^ IStfTcJ ST: M #$cF^T: 1 1 *% I I

^ f^TNr^ ft^Hld^dHI^ 37f*mftf|^ UKnH-£l>i):, ^ftfjj czfor :

0^1*9441-3^? W?t ^RTt: S^Tmt: WW 3& ^cTFT

W$ f^folc^ S^T^TJlct, wlH^Pn+Wd^K^ld^k WW: I

R^HId^Hi R^NMIt 3rrai#g ^1 ^H^dl^ m^lPMdld^ *TTC:

fo: cTFTTc^ WTtfcT cTWTci;, ^5: ^i)*?Hls{UcHUI$ pcFT: fr^: I

 41

taflj^ffr: ^fk, IW ^K: iHUIHMl^ch:, ^ W?T: ?JI SJRT: ^TF4%,

?lt^^T: ^pPS^ 3T¥i ifSFm: ^: ^cfj^

^4 f^T^

W^, W$ SPWPP^ R NHi fwg

JJ
U ill fa lej d I
^ NdRH^U^:,

3Fraft, iff u4d^WI=M,: ^fFT If: W?T: ^TT^ ^ I

The splendour seen in the minerals on the peaks of moun-

tain, in the new leaves of the trees, in corals of oceans, in the
fresh vermilion on the heads of diggajas and in the gold of di-

vine mountain meru at the skirt of the sky, is only the out-come
of purple red rays of the Sun. May that abode of all splendour
make you happy. 41
JTHIdchMlH Tgfei cTM FWT 5TCT ^cfd% ftRsR W. m^fe W\§,
W» w&fc m$$& wm$i§, f^nf% fm m stt f& gp ftp^t

f^T 37TW fffl ^ 11X^11

3?ip MlR^ld 5fMfd% MlR^lldJ^, 3TWTcr# MlR*lld<$ S ^qfa

42

SSRft el$qt: ?TfaT ^Rl* &R> ^ I ftcfghrai '3RpRT#' I

f^r ^ra^ 3tptwti% mfwid<$ snf^, 3^<iRi u il Mldin^i

When darkness-like Kalakuta is drunk, the Parijata tree

with its tender leaves becomes visible, moon reaches the crest

of Astadrisa (Astacala/Siva), the beauty of the morning Sun

emerges in the East. It looks like Laksmi dressed in reddish-

yellow cloth, seated on the blooming lotus and lovingly watched

by yellow-robed Hari. May that solar beauty bring you prosper-
ity.42

3TCdlfS% 3TR WH RllcMli fYR *R ^ 3#}cT ^ft ^ 3T^F$R

33% ^ ^fid ^ ^R, MldlH<^ SRT 3T^ftf^T,

TTT gfh &rifo R^Kfy ftK^U) MU^H i I if)*d l 11*3111

3T^T:-^PTT: cK^I-i^ ^T^jft":, cT^p: -T ^RT:,

<n4 <T< Hi+R^^dl ^ ^RT^T, % ^Hdcrl^ sq^ST^ 3U^?JHT
3T 37f?lfwr^T: H u ^dl%dl, fNk^TT Tj=r flt: 3: ^ifa fOT^ I

oinW-^PTT: fSRT: 3^T^ ^FT^PT:, ^TRR cT^T^:

^Hdelq, W^r^dle^ SRFIT ft*^ 3TT^HT, 3T ^f>ll>KHL ^ TO

#3f: ^ cR^T ^fe? WeTT%r1T 3PRT d^^MI cTC*ft:
 1 ,

^Id+H, 43

^sqr^ ?i# H^-dlPH f^m^ ^TT^ J^fRPd I eT5?ft: f^nft:

sqFcTT, uW^dld^ 3cW *tT ^RT^ ^TTftT f^TRJ I

Sri (beautiful ray) emerging from the Sun spreads all over
the three worlds. She is different from the Goddess Sri, for

ocean is not her place of origin, nor kaustubha and others are her
relatives. Neither she holds lotus in her hand, nor resides in the
bosom of the killer of Naraka. May that Sri (beautiful ray) bless

you.43

f, ^T«tf W Sgf t, HiobRjj f^5% WW ton ft^TCT <FIH #

ffaTC^T Wft 3THT #tfel 5R3f HV^II

^4l^m<irkl4Mrumruifvidl^f<*Mld^<l: I IX* 1

3cTORT: TS^nfacTW^T: t "TRT^T; *T: Wlfa TSRJ I

©qnsill— 3^THT JPJflT ^tf^T: *TFT WJcT: 3^ H<*>IVHH:, SP#T:

c^sftT:, W T«T 3f?rf *faF^ 3T«HT #TRf%#P^ 3tcT: Tf^cT:

^HlMdHi W WufRMWNId dWell^^HWI^H 3^dcMd-d: ^PdshlH-d:,

ffcT 3T^PIT facT: WTFT $!: ^T: *h ft cT^rtrHT: , MdtfW ^ ^TRT^T:

TOW: fiFf#: frWC:, t *T: 3T3T: ^FTFtT *JRTFf TSRj I cTRRT#g*

ebl°i|irdtfHd$K: I
44

*
3^Rl3^dHpM TTPf ^rafcT, HufM^dH, 3RRTCR eM-d:,
qypWRT :, cTi^T f^f^TT: ^fel ft 3RIT: ^R5 T8RJ I

The horses of the Sun ignore the wind as lame and surpass
him in swiftness. They leap over the fields of gold lightly with-

out pounding them. The fire produced from the plains of Sun-
stones indicate their path with no other sign left behind. May
those horses protect the world. 44

f«RT *ft ftR 3T$jf% WW ^RT ^TcTT t, 3TST™T W"fM<id«b)

^TR 31^, WFfct ^ f^TR *R 3*1% ^HSt 3T^fT 3R% ^cHqiel

^ T^gT:
^ra^t ^
4^^ni^<fdfHchidill
11**11

<-d<l^lfd^^>-

T m V I^IV ^^NH^idMdlcll^d UMm

i I I l cT: ll*mi
3P^:-3lfdH+<dd<ll <W<l$lftA4>: ST^TR: ^ ^ST:, TJ^TfTsFRT-

frcHRfaMq^Wgl q ST^T dlrik^l:, 3WI*ll*W I^Md*Kd MMI-

l i:,
J J

^HdMMH OT: 3: 3#cfeR c^FRTR^

I:, I

oquw i- ^fdRch^d^ l ^T: 5J?rfcfcF: rTRftof 4: & 3ftjqT&

ftpimt: ft t^BT: cfPRTg^T:, TJ^3Tf: TJcRif:, IM^I^^TF^

TJcTR:, ?R 3CT?FRT: fcFT: WT: *T: ftf^PT: FPfapf:, ?R ^J: OTH:

3T«TI?t iTOfFlfl cTW: ^feM m^TT: 3TqlFT: TTeTT: cTTR

3M^RTR 3^TT3^tTIR 3WMHlfH HUH#I ft W>p:, ^fef

W=T: 3T«T:, 'cj|fa^l4'l^4£<4^c|Uk1<4:' WW:, 3":
^1+^ 3#?fRT
R?R: 3#, 3RWeRT7M c^RTf c^Klfcldl: I

*nq7«f:-*RR*^T ^fFT ddklH^ rr#R3 f^R 3T3JRT I

f^KR RRflWlUH"!!^ jfcf HURRT:, ^IRTT:, ftW:, ?RR^f?Nr:

W^M 5TcTTRFl HdMHI:, 3TcT^ tUeUflell:, ^fe* % 3TSJT: ^l+H,
I:

3RfcT Titer fJRTCPRJ I

 45

The horses remaining close to the Sun, are scorched on

their backs. They pant heavily for exertion of traversing three

for water of swargariga flowing nearby. May those horses has-

ten in removing your evils.45

sqrfo ^fdU^qfafo ^r^T qSTfoTfafit I

rTsmp, ^&T: SPlTd^ 3T3n^ *R^T S[cr^t *r^t, H$fdR4 ^

f^RtcT ^cT^ oZTCff 3^ 3^T^rf ^Twfac^ W I
'
I Rm ^
I

s^rw fif ik^Gmwi sftr w^fW:, ctw^ tar:

wrt, iMnn^. stpw ^ ^it: it, 3?w ^tt

^T: t1^: *T#r fm^ft 3T[^f%eW^|%; SfT^TT elan SJcfT tRT: *TTT

»TraT«f:-W>fi<=bW#5 3TTc^: nfdfaH sjci

srcfrfefcffiT , sr^nferw rr gfth fmt^t ^c^d'iPd: ^fe* stst-

^UMuil -^W f^JT WTT^fT, ^TW^W, 3TW^TT 3fcT I

The horses mistaking reflections on the crystal stones as

other horses by their side, gallop on with tremendous speed.

On
ruby plains believing the approach of evening, even though the
day still remains, they run slow and troubled thereby the chari-
oteer. Their reflections are not seen on plains of green emeralds

due to similarity of colour. Afterwards they regain their normal

speed on the peaks of Sumeru. May those horses protect you.46

Ffe <TS*t MPdP4pMdm$ Wffi $

,
<gH* 3T^ f TFRlt

t& *PZfl #t Wlftrf WW 3ff M W ^^T^#

omW-teRT efteTqT ^tft ^TT, 3M^T T«T ^rft

wfurf ^tft t^ft sttt^ ^tr; ^ftaT,

JT3I?FT ^ FT^T tfa, ^ff^TT: ;s rf^:

M tjRPdHpH fft^ff, ^ft:

cTN^ ^4dH-4l
3TTffcTT

^TT
W flt:

cTFRt
#qT ^TT W,
3T^Tff:
cTT^Fft cT<HFT 3N?^

«TraT«f:-?FTeft^T^T STt^TFT 3PT5fa ^cfHs^l 3TTf^T 3TRlcTT,

5fe|T?#fa TT^RT: «PRft, FR WR^Flf, #*RRT ^fcR^Tl ?RRT

ff inhmi, p sprtI, ^rsr^r ^Rf^RT 3R^ qft^mr, T?RTR

The row of the horses of the Sun like another Yamuna with
swollen foams and hightened greenness, lead by the elder
brother of the vanquisher of serpents. (Aruna/Balarama), play-
fully moves on, and outpaces Swargaiiga by the speed of the
chariot. May that row of the horses remove your difficulties.47

dldl^ WTcft, *ld1<H <;Hd<=hl<) WT

IKT ttt eft ^Rt, H3I6^> 1
1^1*1 ^FR^ ^ftcT% ^Teft, 3FRt
qfacrcrf gT^% ^| ^ 3R? 13^ AIHHI*! *TTf?T, ?ft5T ^s?^ =?Teft,

^ 3Wq% SRT ^TTfcTcT, VC&ti 'l#l=bl *ftcR 3Teft,

^ ffetf 3^}% eM% 3R^eT ^ IIVV3II

WlfaRf ^Ul^clfd <£dHd1 ^TT^mfff fHebl<)

^t^r dUHdni nfd$g<^<si "ferfhm *i(sllfH I

3F«PT:-^Tt: Hl'lftl^ fJcFRll ^*}RT R37R ^f?T, Sffrlp^pi

riUlHdHi f^KN 1R3TR ^ ST^TfcT 3lfa Sfeffe: ^Rfff: eft^ s^^'lfd

Wf: tTFT ^ %t ^RT R3FR *Rj> ^frf ^fif *TT%

Wt, Mfd^M,^' f?W ?R Mrd^^^d R^rRzf 3}°ZRfaR:,

HfcHI*t*i« sft^TT el^RT ^RRT r+dfluilH, 3Wg#fl ^THR, ^ TfR^
3RRR 3RTOR 37ft, *Ietfc: °FERT*f: 3TRT^: 3T^PT
*T3T f?TRelT "TfcT: ^TtFR; ^FTftT d\"W FITrRr fsiR#W, ^tTT 'l^dlH,
3RRT: ?T*T: 3T3T: ^FT cTFT WT«FT ^TPT 3T«Rf tfa<T twf:, ^RFfi
W#I f#, TR cqFTcTR^ 3TWf^ I

^TraTSfr-'g^t: *TFfcRW 3^tWT ^R^sf: I cT^Rf HHW><-

ifa fe^M ft|fa?IPJft I 3T^JHT ?Tr^M ^ITcT #f^cf ^Tra W% I

The horses of the Sun make the charioteer angry for their

slow pace, as they glance bending their heads at the bashful

kinnans, standing at the entrance of the caves near the path of

Sumeru, at the time of prayers by the Gods. May the neigh of

those horses ward off all your sins. 48

*R
^
ftsfcT,
Tjcfa% *TTFT%

3T«g# fe*M% d^Hd

W ^JcTT *gfcT 3R?t ^,

WT^\
M ^TT3Tf% £R
3Tft^5K> «ft tr^t

tft ^ fei^ ^ tik' Peloid

i 3T^M fNw^i^: #n!% mm

w^RTt f^lfa Mfdc(VIK«f»ci|^|: fel^:

$H ^ r^^rv (si<rvut^rui!
i i

?frT 3T^rauf^ I
i
'
i i<si i
^ i n*<?ii

3T^I:-f^f^fe7T:, ^Ht: ^gjg^TT: Hkgdl: ^F<RT: dldjdl^:

gqfacTT dlfedH ^RdM^-M:, fWcT J|fdc|^||c^ f=f sT^RT:,

^T^^T: WT^TT:, 4U<ldl: ^RT??ft: *F<RT: 3^RRT:, dldjll^: cfTej;

1^ oJnfqfiT: cTT^ fc^sf:, HcTR: ^f^#T: ^TrRTT SRcTT dlfcdH

T^T ^T%T^I^f: ^T%?TT ^rBT *R§FT ^ ^FIRT: ?t cTste, f^TfcT

V I KslM Ru i:
l TflcFT: ?TT^Tlf«t^Tf^ ^TW: ,
WPT/T^ I

TTT##tf lNHMI W^TT, ?pFT: dlRd^l:, 3T3JT 3Tfq ydldyd^rsR^

WR3T:, T5RTf?T *TTRT, 3TT*lff S^T «TT*RTT5SJT 3Tft cTT^?TT: I
#

3TcT^ 3T^p^Tt: W^i 3#<TcT 3^RT I «nf^ *T%T^RT iqtwt

Like green-coloured parrots perched on the tree tops of the

beautiful peaks of the golden mountain, flying with flapping

their wings in the sky, the horses of the Sun smeared with blood'
oozing out of the wounds made by bits of bridles in their
mouths, gallop on separating the clouds, resembling wings in

both sides. May those horses bless you. 49

3rq^ cpjf% ^rcrpr 3?fc TO^t mfcT WTcT |f ^NHMI+I ^fRcT 3R%

3^^131 fa" ftfl^ ipRIWI:, =FcT?faj 3T^ :

3^

vr|cj(Hchl cTFTT: SRT^T ¥?TS^T WTt: W>£T:, TTf^rf^TWT^T

^IRFTHM: ^ 3TTER7L fcTT ^ET #»TT ^tT ^ 3^f: f^TOPT

^ *TT^J 3^ ^jTTcTT jrfcTOT fMcT: ^s^TTfcTSI ^fT: cT^TTip,

50 *i4?ld*H,
-

mmtii-^mm^ ^fo^mJlM 3* ftifr* ^m: m iipr

Rfe^T 3R^frT, cT^ ^kfa: 3RUT: WR <lR^Mi ^rpR^ 3TTRfa

^ ^ ^ ^ 3^ pnraf, H<?Hlfe+i S^R I Tf: 3RTJT; ^Eq^

^ I

WtWW
fiULUMl— ^o^y<Slfd^<4 <£R: II

The charioteer of the Sun performs the role of a stage-man-

ager (Sutradhara), removes the night-screen, throws star-like

flowers on the stage, unveils beautiful scenes, and introduces a
nice play of four acts resembling four yamas of the day, on the

topic of great wandering of the world. May that charioteer save

you. 50

jrrr' 3^ra% ~s^km wm m <iR^m1 ^ftcR% *ir tr

^ Vmt t%rr Rcrg% ^tr *RR 3}f^ ?ftf*RT

cJ3 ||i\o||

3RTO:-^: ?fRTT 311*1^1 3T^RR, W\fai WTM^ 3JRRT,

oi4IO*4l— ^T: 3RTT: RSJRT 3^*1^1 fas*^u| ^JR^ 3T?RR

TT%3 ^^TR, 3TW$ <RR ^*1R *RSR, ^R<SR y^fej^'

iH,
^ 3RiRg *RR, 3t ^tf
3T^3rqR 3Tf*PRR, f^|u||^ 3T^HR^ 3TR: ?fe
fo\ ^T?RR ¥^Wf
cjT?°F: , mtfa:
,

^SRRJR, TRVfoRSft F^fel, ^SfRT ftWTT SfRT ^3fR Rfa: RtfR

^JcR 3R? : 3R m^<d1fd flfa 3R^ 3R^ ^FfR^RTR
 i sn? 5f#: 4<n4)'Mi^ifui tj^t^ 3^trrFT 5#rfe i

STTentf:-^?: ?fa"TT W^, 3T?^ ?Tfan^(3T3JHT) Wfr,

^4ch4u|i W^FT ^ I
TR^: ^3:, 3^TU ^TT ^5: J
l*>^liM:,

TWS: ^ ?^WT ^Ttf^T: I 3Wq: STfWJW ^: 1

Though equal in seniority (Anuru is senior in age and

Garuda among birds) Anuru wins over the enemy of snakes
(Garuda) as he is the chief driver of Haris (horses) where as the

latter is used as a draught animal by Hari; the former looks all

equally without being partial but the latter moves with paksapata
(partiality/flapping the wings). May that Anuru, the permanent
abode of lustre and onlooker of all actions, rising afresh, remove
all your sins. 51

?Ryf t
R|gf? l WE t I WW! W?T?T^ (^T^t fccllcfH) WW]

WRt sum #cT W t, 3? 3T^J3 3^T efr^i SR

oqTW-^: mf«T: ^^if: ^tT: stf: 4: ^: ^pn^:,

f^RZRT: ^tef f^ftcT 3TT^T?t ^RT: JfTcT: 5RT?t, TJ^T HfSJ^

52

^HT f^TH,,
3# *m
f^TFg 5Ff^T:

¥&$\s£ ft^cT
fM:, SfT^H: W^Ffi: ^
fMfc,
gctTCHH, ffcf ^T:

^ftrTTcf f=T ^MMeft: (^#T feTH) 3^ tp^; 3^ WW#:

As a man bitten by cold, burns fire and sits facing to it with

back towards the Sun, so the charioteer of Sahasrarisu (Sun), as
if shivering after drinking lunar rays, that shower dew-drops, il-

luminates the kasthas (directions) keeping the Sun at his back.

May that charioteer bless you with all essentials. 52

fZWZl 3TF^T?T3 ^ 3TFRT fej 3}fc W^T 3TRT^RT ^ |,

eblcdirebllfc^^ TO^TCfsPTcft M\MM\ ?ft fg^TRT

3T^T:-^T: f^TTcJ few^ W Fffi^:, *<Tfr-

oill^l-^T: ^f: 3^ttt^TT^ mtd; Ruuil^ 1^ ^

FRT 8#5RT^ W^f: FPfa:, ^f^Tcf *TFT
3T^ #t SRHMH^i^l'l fM:, 3#Trf P^xR
 fl^RFj: 3tf«^
* 3&W$t, fS^JRf tf2FTT^ STfatfcft *T¥# d^H, 3T^Tc^ #3pq^, ^f:
3T5^ ^PPH^fi^l 5# M fa Ml fall I 3^^R ^TT jfa: ^4: cf

Ffc^ f# W. I
^nTcTT I ?#tf5^fR: I

qifRf ^PT 4^ cTt% (3T^RT ^TeRT?f ^fS#t) SlWsfo

fWffc, ^f: ^: ^ ( Rau|M<H 3n?fiPg ill,
.)
SWnS (3TSJHT) ?M
M^MH f5TO (^R) f^.
3T^xrjST
I«f

fl^TRT ^FTT TRH W <*Hl^ ^fcT SPPFffcl I ^WT ^<T:

Both the Sun and Aruna set free the rasmis (rays/reins) in

the beginning and withdraw them at the close of the day inde-

pendently. Their valour is known from stotra (hymns) and totra

(whip). The Sun tries always to go across the sky (Haripada)

while Aruna hastens the speed of horses (Haris) to go across the
sky. Both make dvijadhipati (the moon/Garuda, the king of
birds) much inferior due to favourable course of time. Thus
having been pleased the Sun has elevated Aruna to his equal
status. May that Aruna protect all of you. 53
# w?T^ tf^r (f^T sfo wm)^t €h?ft sfc m$
FRF* 1 f3RT% *#RT ^tt ^TrT I, (3TT^m 3Tfc

3T#FT WW) irarVf <4H^ci, WT% f&rfm (^ 3}fc tt^)

^ ZZfcm^ f^RT 3T?^T% Iwit *TcT£ feT^

t, 3? 3T?UT WT IMII

cttfht eft fapteT tumv$ fgrasim ywifanw uwi

 54

Siram-^IHMdNI: WTT Trf%: eRTT rfFTT: W: cft^T:

^3R: rRtS<ui|cj^ :
^ SRTnj ^ elf: 3Tf^ : fw ^T, m 3^ N

IWt f^PTTcTT Srarcfrf: f^, ^T¥f rfcTCTT^ 3#[WT ^fe? dls^MIH,

f^cTT ^fra^: 3T?UT: f%WT f^, ^fFT ^fcT SfoERT c^sfe^,

fW OldHH:, ITT^T f^T 3TKi STf^T f|^R ?#cj ii4HlRd<=b<: f^T,

fiUMUll-cWrs^^d^Rclir^: ffcT ^13FT "cT^ST*^ ^m.-"

I 'Hl^dli)' ^ MRdr4 UMldlD ffcT ^ I ^SJ ^W^,

The controller of the horses of the supreme source of en-

ergy (viz. Sun) appears as a sharp-edged axe of the night-
creeper, and as a flame of fire, visible in darkness-forest. He
stretches his hands upwards to grab first the planet-lilies of the
east. He looks like a demarcatng line between the earth and the
sky. He also appears as the Vidhata (creator) in awakening the
universe. May he emove all your difficulties. 54

Tift cffi^t ifcfi cffe^T JcMHl mfcT, 3RHR^q] 3TT^f Jf^ff

3#^Ten% TRFT, ^dT^I^' ^ 3^ $^fe£| 3TC?M cU^fd^ 3R

cR" ^ ltH¥ll
 55

f^^cTTf^Ff: WT^ ^ TJT Wit ^TTTFt: I

3RPT:-cltwf: ^t^: WT: ^ TOFT «£T: fW, fa«FT

hRhkIPhK : fq" ^fkPI FT^FT 3& faHdl-KH: ^ ftcTC^ I

WT: fq" qTgftq", ^Tf: Tjff^fq": WT: =rjt ^qfd, Hiq<***(

3^T^ «£T: for, fq"^FT 3Tlferf: fq", WTgfe: fq" ffiT Spt:,

^IRt: q^HT W: W^: 3ta: ?q", WTBT^

3ta: 3^rrq%, ^gqr^%^5gt ^rrqi h^^+w *khRm): fwr
:
^
HkHKTHHK : ^TT 31H^[ fqUcT: WTC: $9, FT^TFT

OTfqT: ST^T: fq^g I

As the eastern wind comes before the rains, smoke before

fire, the first one (i.e. water) before creation of the universe, the

holy orhkar, before the Vedas, and the melodious sound of

drum, made by Nandi, before the evening dance of Siva, so
Aruna sits before the Sun in the chariot. May he confer happi-
ness on you. 55

sflf^pf ^?r% q^rf% w^r ^ (3te)% ^?t, f?rq^fr%

cU^c^H flH»rd*U*d l
WTTWTTTIT: 1
56

^TT^fR <£T Wig H *J5: ehls^qfeqt IIH^II

3T^:-^Wn^lWT ^Tt: RM«llc}d<m1 dkHIHk<=b<i+d2
^wl^cW^HIfll^fdHWic) WHWI: *T: f^f ^<f ^c^f f?^ f^,
¥: <*Kd<fe ^: TJ^fffiT 3T?M I

H^K<4: JdNdl: W I
W: ^R+iMI^ WT^T: fo«r#
TTfW^ Jem4dl:" I ^Tf: f?W: ^cW: ^ddii^: 3HiT% ^
dkl^ml^ichdeb-rf^ ^Hl^^uf 3^ WPfclSMSfji ^Ih+Mlf^lft^ W:
3Tratc^T: TTESRT: ^ FT^TTW: WW: ^TJflcT: 5ffdf%^
i£f iR^cf HicbdHfui: crfFT^ W1WPI: WFT: f^T SfRTfa ^TWM?*,

*l£d-fe *rf?T^: TT^R ^5: TT: 3T^: ^: ^Hl^ TJ-rifiT wft 3TffFT

3T^«f^ I ^HTcTT *T: 3^TJT: ^TRJ 3^<l^

When the Sun remains in the middle of shining golden re-

gion of Meru, the lord of mountains (Kulacalas), and the horses

of the Chariot resemble emerald stones, Aruna, looking like
ruby, creates an exquisite beauty. May that Aruna, the elder
brother of Garuda (The enemy of snakes) remove all your
vices. 56

^ t, ^ ^T??% 3{Wl 3TPT #Tt% WFT ^

 57

^Tjf SejMfiJ <IVIlfa<U*H $cficfllf<d ^T^T^T I

^cdlcKil^H^IHl^JdRcl^H^: yic^Hdl^KMH: I 1^1 I

Sc^lM totft^, ^C^lfw ^ ^T, TO: y: f*2RT: ^ch^Hdk :,

3TcTfc: ^feT WfcT:, teffa^TPT, ^FTf dl+Hi fW: Rdl^l, ?PRT

^TR: fetwi, ^<Mc{tHlfard W^f ^F^, 3TTFIFRFM 3^SjMil<M|i|
c^M ^ 3WT R<^4d: ^FT Hdl^Kmd: OTM:, ^kmlm^
^W 3TWTd; fWWi f^ToZT, f^^f^c^ ^FcT:

^fafcT cT«H 3^5^ f?H: ^T^rTT^ 3^ ^fadlc^:, ^T: 3^: cj : Jpfl^

*TTcIT«f:-W ekhWfad, STCW: SdiciUl^ 3TTOT4

^JfHIsf PwPsldl: "^TTeTT: ^fafcT, cT«TT fW^TPT
3TT^H<MdRH: ^FI dld^+RHI*JKt T«RK?«T: 3^rr 3PWTOFf
W 3M^ fH^T
:

3TT^ <f??T: "q^cTF^ <^Pd I ¥: ^qp^ I

, As a chief guide of an emperor holding a cane remains at

the entrance of seven halls (of the palace), drives other people
away and guides the rulers to their seats in the halls, so Aruna,
the charioteer of the Sun, who remains busy in providing suste-
nance to three worlds, sitting in front of the chariot with cane-
like reins in his hand, drives away the darkness, controls the
seven horses, and shows first the great mountains. May that
Aruna save you all. 57
58

cf3 imv9ii

4^ id fciebiwl^ui*Hdc(4 *nftr ^TT*nfH ^ff

*T*r, farTC ^I^Rd:, TT^ ^ 1% Jffcrf^Y!^ STfsTOT^ ^tr^ tJ^T:

3PFJTt: ^: ^ I

I
t W{, cTTcf ftrR *rf|*r cil^HH, 3TW$f^ ^PT

W I
t S^cT: ^T, 3T^fe^, 3Tfa, i^Ffr

TJ*JT: ^f^T 3^nt: 3TWft 3T^: <T: ^SRT^ tng ^ |

^ ?fter t ^TTPm:, ftfaWsM 3T^ft ^

The precursor of the Sun says, "O Indra, your eyes are
wide open O fire, you do not look bright any more
like lotuses,

after rising of the Sun, O Yama, pay obeisance to your father,

and drive the buffalo away from the horses, O Raksasas, you are
closely watched, O Pracetas, sprinkle water on horses, O
Pavana, enhance your speed; O vittapa (Kubera) your cases have
been reported, O Siva, I bow down before you". May he who
talks thus to the guardians of each quarter of the sky, protect
you. 58

t ¥Z 3TR3 fa<*fad ?t m, f; I 37ftr 3PJ^ (^f%)

3?^% 3 ^rrart; | jj^i ^ wft ^farr ; t ^ 3t#^

(3^1) 3TFT ^ im^ll

gron fjwrw *refr sn%% izft ^ teres: i

^ ^wrr^ ^flf? r!R, ^ fesfc: «Tp?S: ^

^
T«T: znfcT,

TJ^fa ^TerfcT, f^TT^t: f^T zpl ^tFcftfo 3TSJ:

flS^fcTO^lxm*^ ft% ^^ 3^#T^^ 3TCTTW^T *Ttr^ 3Tf%TcT^f%T

3T^T fr$FT fa3frf : ^f: ?fcT fffrfiwfrl *t ?TTfeT ciMR^ dlI

,

3^: mm{ I 3^rmt5ellR: I

umi^: -Teft%5fF^ Tfa: 3TW[ 3^1, 3)Tf^8f <W<J\d:

W^T ^lf%, ?^PT 3^:?^T^ S^W{ mH\*i^\ Hft^ 3#T^T f^PJ ?

60

^zzf TR^Zf fowl 3Wt feffrf: ifa: ^3}?^^!^, tf: 3T^T: ,

The Sun who does not depend on other for the welfare of
the world, says-"0 Aruna do not accept the noose from Varuna
to use it as rein, do not hanker after the wheel of Krsna, as my
chariot does not need more wheels, do not aspire for the horse
Ucchaihsravas of Indra (the killer of Vrtra) to yoke as eighth
one". May that Aruna protect you. 59
t 3T^T I
R4flM W£t d J
IW^PdU, H #, ^ eTl^T

3MTT W\ 3*fffo ^? ^ T?T ^ t I

^ j

?RT^t 3?^ 3FTHT # ? 3^ ^) HgNfll flRT

flf% 3M 3^33 HcTT cTT? f^R^t 3^ ^ |, 3? S^ht 37N

oJTTSOT-wt: c#: fatA: cflWTFT: ^<T: *T: 3^: 3^ '

IR are^f^^^ ^f^r snParoiT, fteM' wnf eT^Hl *TWT:

f?#^t, 3T^TTrf^: fSTClfW:, 3T?fcT 3t T£*$ffe?RF^:

ftsrvTT =TT^5T *IFT TT: P^=il^:, Pt^^l-^: ^RftfcT

%J^ffevR13t5:, %T^3^tM'lci2W'J|l<W:, ^ STCfa^FTJ:, f^f

3^RT org: *TFT ^ift 3TTFT?Ttit 3^ ^ 3TPm^T
Sn^mN) *T3fcT I ^RcT: ^feT 3T^R: 3}WTt *T: 3^: «R<1T
% 3T^T: WcTT^ 3W^T ^MPT^ I

As a traveller, afflicted with scorching heat, takes rest un-

der a shady tree of a garden and then proceeds further, so Aruna
sitting ahead of the Sun takes resort to the horses of green em-
erald colour, resembling a range of trees and does not feel tired

"or thirsty. Without deviating from his goal he moves across the

three worlds. May that Aruna the fore-runner of the Sun, de-

stroy all your evils. 60

*£Tt |3TT M S^tj] m«ei|<3 cR% <J#£l tfffcT,

HidMlui «taf«»f^ 3T#£T 3TT^T ^ #T ^ f, §Wl «ft

3TFt ^Id^ld 3T^JT 3TR #Tf% m^tf TOT ^ ll^o||

^Bcrfts^T: TJT^f^cT^ ^^WTt 11**11

ft*T: <WMl: V*^:, ^dl^ ^RT:, ^ ^te^T:, ^H-hd^R

FUffl:, 3T^T: ^ ^ W:, cRT^fl^H 3: iJC^ 3nm : cf:

om<s4J|-^FreiT: Wufyi: #Sct =11^+1^, 3RT: 3T«RR f^R^RT:

f^TRTTT: H^TcTT ^, 3TcTT3^" #5RT: <*>-Hf5IUslR u l:

t^: ob^ieil: jjilNtfl: FfRRT: eTWtT:, ^dl^ 3feT^% ^RleRT:,

If^T Vdk c^Tr^: i: mtft: ^^3^

I
62

^T^TFf W:, cTF#f gcJ^T 3T& SftuT: zpTT^Wgi

The horses of Pusan (The Sun) are disgusted as their hoofs

get buried in the sands of svargariga. They jump over the caves,

slip off the slopes on golden peaks of Sumeru. As they do not

move ahead on the emerald plains, mistaking as grassy field,

Aruna hastens them with humkara to make up the path. May

that Aruna save you all. 61

<*Pi^l3 3te M ^l^lel 3Tfc ^ c^rf iK=bdHruiH4 WcT^f

WT^ 33
^l^lel 3T«tsFt fSK&

3TCTTf #»M
c^HlfHd 3* Sptfw
ll^ll
Tl?^t ^ 3T^,

3t1H l ^^hHfd^d»<< ir&»dlMi<U m ! i :

3RPT:-S[m: 3Tsft MlnH^Rdlsh, ^KH^<iwR*Kt: 3TI^f#:

oSrnsqT-JtTcf: 3T^ q# ^ 4lHU:i)Rdl&, #i ^ 3T: «

?fa ilRdlfH 3TWf^T ^: ^H^iWRsTd 1

:, cTFT

3#fe!f&, 3TKNf#:, 3TT -HH-rllc^ ^Erff&T S^flft ^ff ?ftf*T: 3T& SS^cT:

"jfiWR^:, ?fa fH^K ^ *TFT ^T:, 3tTR: ^: 3^J?: ?IFT ijtf

 63

*Tfag: T«T: *!fSf ^Jtftg I

The horses stand on the tips of hoofs of hind legs, lengthen

their bodies, push forward the clouds with their robust breasts

and draw the chariot upwards in the early morning resulting in

the reverse Pranama of Anuru with head bending backwards.

The Chariot did not produce then any sound due to non-contact
with land. That Chariot of the Sun, coming back to normal po-
sition in the path of the sky in forenoon, may Bless you with
good fortune. 62

^ 3T$jf% 5RT iffi ^^^ eFT^t fH:VK,

43 ^ 3TJ^t ^% §IT fart facfa JFTFT ^ft 3T^m

^i^ytei^^rrMtrq^ wrrni-

H 3TRTHT (Hdl-ri *4<fael M^dlM^muii

3T^T:-5IRF ^ltllN«^^85Tflrf«N? )
<*<|u|j of^cTT 3T*W

^P*f (J^FTI^^Rl^^RRR ?F^?r^¥: m^: ^fFT FT^T: W:

64

The Chariot, glorified and made heavier by the sitting of „

the thousand-rayed Sun, who is expert in demolishing the dark-

ness, changes its course from one sphere of Maruts to another as

if they were tired and unable to carry the load. May that Chariot

remove all your vices. 63

^ W% ^MT 3? 3TFT eft"^ ^ 115,311

Hd |^ |
cj fd fa cff?^ fa^ M ^ fl T: ,
rHird^N^yiruidl^:, ?Tterf^^weTR:

3T^T?R%: ^Nff: f^Ht ^?fq# ?RTt: f%^T ?ifaT WJcT:

M^m: ?lt R ^1: ^ iftf&TcT: 3^: %T *f:, f^rft: ^fer ^

SrMlRHI ftra^ f^TcR ^ HRTCcJ I Sr^TtWTt: TT^fe I

mcTTtf:- 7 ^: W ^f^Tg STK^fcT, ^fc: IV: <W1 fRW*

WI^TT: I W:, WW 3^ ?Tl5Ffrm 37^r 3ltW: I W:
^ ftW Tsfoft ft> ^feT pUptf *TTfcT I
3RTtr^ TW^T: ^fFT Pfc

The Solar chariot like Garuda pleases Anuru with its high
speed, looks beautiful while passing through big clouds, float-
ing in both sides like two wings, carries yokes fastened with
 1

ropes looking like snakes in its front as if to devour them, and

moves according to the desires of Hari. May that Chariot de-

stroy all your sins immediately. 64

3TFT ^3TT3 W\ m W&ti *pf W&ti HHt £fTCT W$

^M, ^% WI ^ W? f^rfi ^^t^t 4>dl^1 #>7T TO
^ WTW, 3T^t 3^ ?p 3RFf ?K (fBpnj, ^f)^ |^ipR

^HHII^Irfl Ti^ ^TfsFTWfTF^T: W5 1 1 *k 1

oirn^TT-^: PT: 3^: TJoRT?: TJ%^T RcWH, IM? ?rqiRni

EfW fecfa:, fi^pR^fif PfFlf ^HT W?R: fapT, rTFT ^pf

T#rf?MT; cTRTf fc^Z % ?nf^ fM^ fWlf^ ^ft^, ^TCjft,

sr^T3TM ch<R'H ^<l

I I : fcW:, FT^T: T^: W: ^^370^^ I erfwtsft

*rrarsf : _^zf^ srcffa fawft, *TcT: f^^T fa»pR

MRphmPrl I ^ft: RNtMlfiT: ^HHlfH RfKsKlfui PRfe, 3T?T: #5ft

The Chariot of the Sun is the lightest, for it covers the long

path of the three worlds in a day. It is heavier also as it pounds

 66

to dust the peaks shining with particles of gem-stones on the

surface of Meru. It remains above all, but is seen below the
peak of Astadri. Thus, the Chariot whose movement is beyond
comprehension may protect you. 65

HfuiRfMiaM <*>lPd*) TTtf^RT f?R?t Wfo Rfltid'eb) ^TcT ^TT^

ifc^Tl ^k?T 3TPT efNfaH WT ^ n^mi

3: cflft, ?TRTHT ckil-dMl^aWHi SJRft ^RT tjfllft 4»f"JdlfH

%*^TT: W'itfWI: ^: ?flf=T, ^ftf^ ^ sqjfir,

cRJ T8T^5R3T ^KlPddls^ # ufaj *iraT?r, r&nr

The movement of the Chariot of the lord of the day de-

stroys the planets coming to the front, with the shaft. It swings
the moon with the wind of the banner, inflicts pain with wheel
on Rahu who pursues with the intention of swallowing and stirs
the water of the heavenly river with heavy sighs of tired horses.

May that Chariot moving far above in the sky give you happi-

ness. 66

wti i^wti "TfrTcT H#5t WFT

3H^c|t3 T?T% JT^H cM% i^cT ^ ll^ll

*#T: cTT: , f^T: *rtR^: ^ jr^ ^if ^rrq; f^RT: I ^ iTeTWPTCTT

*t T«T ^TFf f^: FFfFI ^Pd, ^JHrW^H: ^k«T: ^:

3*tff ^frcnf^r TTTcrrf-T ^prg 1

The ladies of Siddhas worship the Chariot thrice in

trisaiidhya. They tie the protection strings on the axle, attach

ribbons to the front portion of the yoke, offer incense in

dhustambha (Shaft), put flowers on the base, of the yoke, and
sprinkle the wheel with sandal-paste. May that Chariot of the

Sun ward off all vour worries.67

68

*jq ^sr, qpn^ ijeT sk "-srpft aqfata;

Rl.£l*Hll( 3Tram TTFW #T ^2TT3^ fjRT *Rcft |, 3f?

T*n^VM^**^ftfadf*WslfafH*ll I

^1 STSRraWxiskfhHfHfydfHd^fHfHill, wM<Wl^ta+fdd|jfdHI,

ffef W^T: t ^T: #; ctfcTdT <slfu*Jdl, 3MT3^ WJc^ ^T: ^T:

<lr+)ufwuRu[: cJrcbluiffH ^ W#T ffof V}: tjfcT: WWT W, ^1
3T?^RT^ SRTPT zr : spr : ffa (qrf^j ^njnf fi^-dl

3RT: Mf^UfWl ^*TTCT <TCT ft¥T 3T^TcrT, 3^RT cTFk

^ 3P«J ffa fcfi Jf^ferT ^frFf TFTT: W, dl4lR*ld cTc^

The one-lined path of the Chariot on Meru whose sides are

filled with golden sands, pounded by the hoofs of horses and
look caved in due to continuous pressure of moving wheel, ap-
pears as the stream of heavenly Gariga, looking grey with sandy
banks, exposed due to drying of water by heat. May that path
remove your vices. 68
 ,

fW3l M 3T^f% ^<Mlci^ ^

3^ 3^ ^5
fS,
^ SH% WT RT^R ^TeTcTt §| ^Plt *fcT

^fcN«T 3TTT m m ^ II^H

ij^loijMld WTt; F fsfa W c4Th^^ T?it I I *S M

3T*-rjr : -3TR-?T TOii Hi+H*iMi tff : ^ ^ toRt:,

^TT tip:, T*TT fefa ^rasfaf:, cTTsWR>: TO: T: 3^ I

oqrw_3Tf?m ^RTcT ^M^WWi -ll^M^Mi FF?:

in* 3TftrFT: ^ M\ fNf RRtKi ^ff : TI? ^FT T*TFT TT^fcT: TPf:, 3T^T:

# TO:
cft?T: #T: ?R ftcf^ ^^ ffa R2FT 4ddR ^?m$:
^mww& ^ ^'-> W^3^'- 7
P "i^^tf^
:

oq^TR ilehfedlR fafTR TTO cT«TT^:, cftsTCRt: <TTsJT: THS: f^TT:

TPS ?TFT ^TTO IT; TO: ^RT^ 3T°^ I

^TSf.-^m ^M'l^cli ^TRT TFT TOFT •MMHI'f:

dl^'Hdl tM fTO if#: TFT WI #RT^T:, TRW:

^T^^fiRT^: TFT 3TCTRT ^l-KW:, TT«T<TrRT FPfsfq 3f^fe?FTfcTf^:

TO: TO: T,^ 1

The Chariot of the Sun leaves its impressions in heaven as

in earth. The line of heaven-dwellers coming to offer prayer is

its The powders of the stars pounded by swiftly moving

path.

wheel are its dust. The sound of the rims that fill in the caves
the Sun
of Meru, is the neighing of horses. May that Chariotof
protect you.69

FfroR mm eK^fcm. strtr} ^ttt3M Tff t f^rr* tr" I,

tWT^ T?F% 3JIT R^ TRT3T% ?t t^T ^ Tfa I, *R
WSl
cF^Q3^ T*f T*} TTrTT TRHK t 3T«f% ft*TSZ |, ffW #
 70
mfam?{

3^11^11

3T^T;-Pi:^^Mi PdHH dPdPdddRdI

l
H^H^K>cJH ^cTT,

3ii«9iT<Wl tit: 3fa 4: ^fal^, 3TFR^T UkI^H Jf^W ^cTT, ^cj

Sraifl^: Hfu^dlfH 3mf&T cT^3Tft ^^ foqfif ff?T

I 3^mit5^R: | TJ^mFW^t M^kI^ ^H^ l#pg : , ffa

WIF^ ^dW^cf T«TFT ^?TT ^tfiT I

«TraT«f:-^T%HTW ^pqT: fm%: W*mi 3}R% pW-

^ H^lfa^TT: yrfcr} cftcRTfcT:, ^P«d^ H-«Pk1 : TO: *£fcr

The important Gods who do not get even a chance to offer

their prayer inspite of their best attempts, cover the sky with
their Chariots and wait paitently. They decorate then the spokes
of wheel of the chariot with Mandara flowers. That Chariot of
the Sun which runs fast in the sandy banks of Mandakini, and
is slow on temple like Mandara mountain, may bring you hap-
piness. 70

TO ^%T% cffeT, ^FT% m WZK qftr^T 3T# ^

 71

*r#i Wl ^ Wcff, ^fcT^ H vfef. ^ W frrfl3

dl J ll'=hl 3TFT^ ^ I
V3o||

sjjffc: t^Ml^, ^RW: 3^f, ^TJ: 3T?< f^T: sftfcTJRTW:

?ft: f^: 3Tfa 5^ 3TOT^ *£jffe: f?R: «PT: W^T, ^ft 3T^

-qr\ m zjt K^: TIFT 3TWTFT, W^HTC: WT:

^l: ^WiH-d, 3ftc*TT WW: ^FTT : Sift T?: 3^
^HtfcT, STf^TT ^fa: cTFT a^li^il: ^fej if: FW: T?T: <T: 3^Tc^
I Jl^dHi ^I^hkIhi IUWcHr*4lfayM^I^4)PldM£k: I

3T^, f?R: **PTRTT^ WZ: 3^f, W^T: 3T^T, f^: ^nSRT,

#<T*pT: ^TOf W^t ^fcT, *T: ^RT^ I

Visnu, the holder of the discuss, praises the wheel, Hari

(i.e. Indra) speaks highly of haris (horses), Dhurjati (I.e. Siva)

eulogises the end of the banner, Moon, the lord of the stars,

commends the axle, Varuna glorifies Aruna, Kubera admires the

front portion of the chariot, other gods too praise daily the speed
out o'f devotion. That Car of the Sun, which is engaged for the
welfare of the world, may save you. 71

WVtfe 3WT%f^T3; 5f^rT f^TH ^f^F\ fa^J (^), 3T#£t

^5 (?ft), Mdl<*>l<+1 3TIT WV%\ (*£^7), 3T^t tRS, WI,

T«T W^ IIV9*II
 m<lMI^ T^SrT 4(rigfu*4Ulchi{uiic|.£c)j|: |

SM^ oii]m^{IVIIcirvirVKf*<UIW^: TRRT

Rv^l^^liM4UmcifdriM^Ac||L|0M^<lf<:: I 1 19 ^ I I

3^RRf?qi *T^CTfo |f , 5f: ^RTcT f^TT^ I

4ef: diMPH: , f^: cRTt: I'^TOWfifa ^TTOfe SfFpfufa

^ff ^TFT cTSTHJcT: , ^fa 3T^Tf?T: 3#J: crfFR; HRF^, ^dJrkl^HI
3T^RkWrRT: 3^: H-«lfc: ^, 3?^T *T?cTT, ^M^H ^
^cT:, ^feR: ^cRRT: t W*: 3WT: & 3TR% WTT

^: ^RWj; 3TCRT^ 3H^f cT^ft flrt TRTcT R^ld^ ^ I SWcT^TC: I

As Mandar mountain tied to its base by rope-like Sesa, and

pulled by Vali and Indra moved in the ocean, while Siddhas,
Sadhyas and other gods were offering prayers; so the Chariot of
the Sun around which a cloth is bound by the expert driver
Aruna and pulled by strong horses, moves in the sky, while
Siddhas, Sadhyas, and other gods offered prayers. May that

majestic Chariot give you much wealth. 72

 sro ill ^3
ITfacT, 3qk ^ffeT

>Rftrfg% g^T, 3T?TJT% SKT *p TOf fag W«T SPjfr

^ciT3Tf% STO srfsfa, ^ei^

Tft^fScT,

3TR£m-Wlftfa3 ^ frlF %m

3TZT ^tf^uf^

5TT ^fa WSTT ^RslH^clW^nrdHlAehMieb: I

Tjtf > tnTiziT; trf^fT: VS: W ?IFTT: ™

1 TT
^

^Rj^|SPl ^
The majestic orb of
WTTC,
the
3^fef
Sun is
Wef ^TT* t^t f^ng
the prime cause of the day;
I

is like the collyrium that removes darkness/nyctolopia; is the

door of those aspiring for salvation; is the repository of all light

of the world; is the store-house of rain water, and is the great

drinking vessel of the earth. May that orb of the Sun look to

your welfare. 73
*Tt WcT f^FT 3T^5T #5f |, 3RR^°Ft ^ +<^ld1 3TTCslf% 3T^T
\- <
 74 ^ld=b^

3? 3^eT WeT 3TFT cM% l^F? ^ II

fe^f^TO^ 3TF^TT^: 3TTFT iTO, 3& ft <;fl<sl(lffi ^3S»lfeT,

l

ftRTt: TO *ldfa=l, IT^T: ^^ W ffaf

FP: SPJni?^, 3Tt^ff^3TJM^^f^rT^^3TT^^^, F^

ITOffUft Jfwrg I HldlMHIdiH: I

f^sroei ^RTFT ^§fTO 3^T& M^fZ^c^, ^«*WTftrRf^RM

dHldlRfl, ^FTT fqftT 3^cf ^M^d ^l+H, 'TTCFTcJ I »

The circle of the Sun rises in the East in the morning, re-

moves benumbing darkness, seems like a crown on the peak of

the mountain, appears as the waves increasing on shore, looks
like the sky filled with half-risen planets and stars, and ap-
proaches like the onset of the spring with distinctive feature of
fresh sprouting that distracts mind. May that circle put all your
worries to an end. 74
 75

^eff^t TO ^ 3MT JJQ% ^T, (%) ^% ^4*1

SRFT:-^ H^d^ ^Pd^dPidd: 3W^#^P ^W^c*^:,

UTcT: WH>I SRspT: 3^feT: dk^Hl^dd*^:, HPgddH <Wd<*JldW

ajlOiJI-^ H^dH^Pd^dPHd f?Rt: ^tcTPT, f^fa* ^PT

^TM: 3T^ ?P<#T ?^ 3^TdT ^ dklWlfa: *RfcT,

W^
: ,

cTM JnjTFfcW ^TM: ?TFT ftf JT€T 3#Jjfef fcrgfmftT

,

^ WI, 3Tf^ef 3^i# (f%TRH) ^I'l-H^H f^ld^KW^ <M!*i): 3W-

^TcfTSsf:-^ WK^l ^TteTNFT 3^<n)dl^dW

The most adorable orb of the Sun decorates the entire crea-

tion in the morning. It has the colour of the lotus/ruby. It in-

vests the mountain with the brilliance of molten gold and looks
like the long filaments of sky like lily resembling the colour of
the cluster of bees. It is a distinguishing mark of time-like-
snake and appears as a magnificient crest-jewel on the head of
the day. May that orb protect you. 75
76

f^RT% fWJK W ^ WWft iftim&b WM[ ^ WeT

Efamu wiUifa ^<Rm): gf^gvft %«rfer: i

^5: 3^Wlf^: ^ ^R^fe cT^: #*T: ^cftrT, WIT 5F: W

WS:? FRR: ^fe ftSMT ¥lRf»tfk ^fcT, *TCR<it: *RR: 3TT%

^MTH; ? ^3RFT ^fe: ^iRti^HI *nrfcT, *RR: ^Sjfa cER^TfaftfT: ^Tt

TR?f, 3T^: fWT *raf%, 13? ^#*T ^RfT 3RMRT:

^ 3Tfq ftalfa ftcM I 13^^T#5RT: ^fer Wef ^TH^ I

*
When the circle of the Sun rises the moon disappears like
dew drops. Who can then protect the stars ? Jhe eye of Siva
dazzles, the Kaustubha jewel of Visnu does not emit rays, the
brightness of fire is concealed. Like darkness from earth it takes

away the brightness from heaven. May that solar circle purify

you. 76
f^RT% 3^R} tfc *ft d^Rfa^ Wm #JT ?t *fftTT t, cTRT3tf c# WI
<?RTT cffa ?

?t *n?rr t;
*FM^f^fit
®fm\ ?ta fe^r ^trtt I,
t^H ?T

^fM^ sprang
f; *Rlft% ^ 3^ fWT^
^ttT^t ^trr}
 ,

fe q ^lfei fog ^vH<fM <^4u^ri ^tF^3^ IIV9V9II

apcTCI:-^ SlfSlf 5fra *l=blfw, dF^HI^ *TcT: 3rot Strat JTR^fcf,

oUKsMI -^ Wcf WfT ^FTf ftf?T W\ ^iR-fl ^T?t,

gfffpffl ^fcT: TO^ 3T#

5f^, 3r?^T ^t,^ ft^
3^. Tf^ ^
^<T cmT *\ ffa STM^TT ^
3^: i^lWrat, ^T^f^T sf^T, TTr*T?kT?i; ?4
^cRTft cTt^g 1§ 3^T ^fcT, ^
^FTcTT ^tftcf #=R, fa*

rrf^ %M I 3Tff^rqi^irq% ^f? <fiM rRT: W: I

qT^T^-^fqii^ef JIFF SrsqT HWId, ^^ ^faM I

d^u^d ^ct ^f^TCT ^pTfr, f^f *rrr€^ WfcT, ci)<*Mi W^R crfFT^

The circle of the Sun appears first in the east. Ascending

upwards it invests the east with glory. It shines brilliantly in the

mid-day; spreading across its brilliance, it heralds the arrival of

the day. It is the life-force of the worlds. It creates the entire

universe and rears it. May that solar circle give you libera-

tion. 77

fc#^T Ffift t; W wfi ^ ^TT t; fjRT^ fc^fit 3cqfrT ?t?ft

I, # wfa m§ 3ti^ y'^iK+l w t, ^ ^rrm^i *fteR f

78

dT^U^ivil<eh|U^Q|^cH<^HIVI|,-4JI im fn=R

3tRTT: 3Tt^ :
^ ffcT ^<i-d: fdcH^i ^TTf^rT, 3^nu^^^cH^H|^||;i(|

cZTTW-^TRf ^Wf HRd>li JTCh fRT: m^: cTTCTi

^51: ^Pd, 3rf?fT: Hgm4dl:

r=T?f:,3TcFrtji 31^ f^RRPT Rd|cH4l: <$HW^I <I£W£A|I ^"Jif

3T^I^3^:, tacT: SflRcT: t^wI: 3roTRTt: ^foT ^ WcT 3: *pTFF

*TraT8f:-^l|cWl} T^: ffaWT ^FT: WgJ: Wffi^: I

The circle of the Sun makes the seas look like deserts at the

time of dissolution by drying up their waters. The mountains

get heated, and burst into small pieces like sesame seeds produc- *

ing 'tad' sound. Apprehending untimely destruction of the uni-

verse, the Sun withdraws his full brightness and emits light
only. May that circle of the Sun give you pleasure. 78
JW4«*M«} ^s^t ^ 3* WH^7T SRT^ciMT, T<fd^t 3rTCT ^ (TS

WcT 3TFT ciWM 3TH^ Jf^R $t IIVs^ll

 79

^c^miifH ^mgj t chMHpMci i^u^ci rnrg^iRt-

3r^T:-^n=ii^i ^feRTwrrq^i fa^f 3^ srf^i

f^JT^TT sftcrr^R^T STW^nTT 3^T^R^ SFJSWTT ^ Jltfe? Rl<*^q,

%TraT«f:-31T^mt?JHFT L^bchRu^i: cWF^ 3#^T <^W<H,3fclT

The grand circle of the Sun like lotus of shining ruby

(Aruna) colour beside the Patra (leaf/horses), followed fre-

quently by bee-like Rahu for gratification, emerges from the

deep layer of darkness mud in the tank of heaven-garden. May
that solar circle do good to you. 79

sncFRR^t 3sjh% mm% 3RSRRR ^ ^iraT^t n^i ml

3^, m ^ffi tfcfiT 3T^iT f^R> fa+fad p;, 3#f^gc^ Tig SRT

^TTTcT *JE ifWlPHU hmIhhi qimist iraWT I

80

3FfcF^ 3Tfa ^ ^JJPJ, ^ ,J

T^wi FTOFFTT ^FFTFF^, ^ WJc^ 3t?T9fTFT[ <

SFT^T 3^tT ^FFdf SJlf^T fPw, F^fsPPl, 3T?J^ PfrTOlPT, sf«^TPT cPfi;

oil l^l-^f Wef 3«&fitf: f^FTFT

?J
ftRJ ^: 3T5frT: ^FT
3F^f H ^fcT, ^ *jWl«Mird, zm*{ 3#F5Ff T
JT
zTfcT F^f, *FT FSF£: wrjfa:
*T 3TTRf d" ^% F^fe: ^ tfacF^, ^ ^4 WFT^
Pd^fHdi ^FFTT WTFf *rRt, ^ WF^^Ffcl ^R5T c*F5T SflfaT:

^fFT^^$R^3^ 3FFF 5^3TFT 3T3FFtT FFWT WF<TT SJTfof

3HkH|ch<|^lH ^FrT ^TTRfrT, few f^rtcTT fsPtT 3Ff cFd; f^^feT^

3}s>F4 ffTdFJlft f??FF*TF| ^DcHH^Id, dl^lc^ falft: f^TT^Tt W^TFT
^
,

cR^ Wef ^tFd; 3F*Fc[; | faMscl^K: I

WTcnzf:-^ Wef tTFTR ^ 3tfq ^ ^fcT, ^Nt 3tfF

(3Tf»fePr) TpfrT, ^c^Mfacj FW: F 3IF3foT, 5F*F5 FM: (^T:) &F%,

^HKd<u) ^ FtFHT dUw^i F3f<T, ^ SFF^fo ^FdT SFT HTfFT

Mf <^lch<ird, F^ fo^fti^ft elkRf P^d+Kch cFj^H^d *pTF^

The circle of the Sun is the eye of Siva (enemy of Daksa)

which does not burn Kama (cupid) but fulfils kama (all desires).

Winds do not fling it away, rather serve it. It acts like a boat to

ferry the saints in the ocean of the world. It moves all over the
worlds without feeling fatigued. It removes the ingorance com-
pletely. Thus, though of contrasting nature, it is conducive to

welfare of all. May that circle of the Sun save you. 80

# ?mr§ (fm)% ^ Ft ^mt F?t' I, ft ^n^t
(^FRT ^) ^JFF 3F^T t; FFcT (3Fp ^TF>FT Wfxfi, FT F?Ff
(^FTF?) FJSTT ^ |, # W W-W^ <Sd<d^fdU. FFT t;
faimk ^%<m wm^\ wm 3f3^ (^f #t ^f£
^FFF^T 3FT ^[
^F5T ^FFSeT
f^RT

W3TFT
t,

eTFM
^
T^T ^
^^
ll<io||
WF5T
wft
?FR
^) Ft 3te
V\ f%cT ^TFFT
 rim cf^ j^i M Id T^gn^TTr»T I

f$rfa: ^Hldld^

WT:, TTt1wf*T: W^cTR^ WT; W4H|U|^jftl:, ft##4M:, Wfe 3":

3^ II

f9RT: fafa: ^^

^gfcT: TTTsf^T *m ®t> Jf+an^-^+W^^f^T, ftPi if: 3^T:

*raT8f:-fogT: PK^Pfpr; ^T: Wfafa, ^TT^T: ^l4+,

W: ftsrfcT: cFRTc^ TO^-

The Siddhas pray according to their doctrines, the

Vivudhas (Gods wise people) following their Sastras, the

Caranas with flattering words, the Gandharvas with singing, the

chief of serpents repeatedly, the Yatudhanas controlling their
impulses, the Sadhyas offering argha, and the illustrious sages
with full pleasure. People aspiring for salvation also pray him
by meditation. Thus, the Sun whose uprising in the morning is

all, may protect you. 81

 82

fFCT R^l-d^f 3FFTf 3, ^cTTT? f5ff«J% 3^fR, WI "QlZfxb $,

gPrqf *?i stfk 3ik gftofl t swr test wti

P t^ft4»<H #^mU|fH«fc <m

l I
t
i <M l
ft cf folUchK

3Tf^ehd<M<il: ^cRFT ^^MF? WeTFT cfMc^ cTFT

fam ^?f:.r^c^ wft, 3T^T 3#<t^ 3Tf%^?f FTC^K W^T:

^ 3TSJT: ffaf ^i^W: fH:¥l£dg:, Zg: WWI: frW:, &
^FI^ WsF cTFT SRtfa ff^T Pwju i l^ frgT f?M fc*T«f:, fotcfTR,

The Sun moving around the golden mountain tests its gold
in three-fold manner viz. by heating it with bright rays, by cut-
ting with pickaxe-like hoofs of continuously running horses,

and by rubbing with moving wheel of the chariot. May that Sun
save you. 82
 ^p#7 f^eblWdehHehl^lvjI^I STUART <J

^ff *|fTf01 s^rTTft £dMM<Pl}: ehltffcfldlft SuTTT-

^5 OTT SJJTFf tl<<jfd 5^TT ^IsT TTts^ffs^rTTiJ: I 1 63 I I

e<j | <9t<l -^^fw^3# ^TPt 3TF£RM ^ *IFT ffa: ^JT 5RJ-

•KHlilH^ cT^t: -KdNcH 3ft: ^^ ^ ^TT, 3f^cT ^1^3^-

^t R'lPddirH, ^(ic^H l^f ?M W «JRTTfa, ^T: <*: 3T^?TTr|;

iff I

«TraT2f:-^|chl^lHI^ ^tFT^^f FTPT <fcf ^t^PTfrf, j?HdR'H-

PHd< H,i|*iNl ^tcT,

I ^t: f^Wft ^P#T H PcHlR-ldlP), ^ ?M Aw
^diddlR, ¥: ^f: ^HWg I

f When the Sun makes out of kindness its radiant rays mild

the Svargariga looks beautiful with blooming of golden lotuses,

in stead of getting dry. The beauty of Nandanodyana (divine

garden) becomes enjoyable, in stead of being burnt, and the

golden peaks of Meru get immediately washed, in stead of melt-

ing. May that Sun protect you all. 83

~m WJ\, 3? ^ dl J it*l T^T ^ ll^^ll

84
*

^SodJ|^cbl^Prt}!Rl^d«s(^fAyebl<4f5^TT ^: 114*11

%5TqT <=J|4H<|U|i RcWMi qfKTf, 3Tfq | =h^l"IHi, f^Jrf sNt

ftT^W^, f^q^ f^TTf^TT 3T5RTT fTO^, ^TPTlfa ^crf

I3^raWTf¥?cT^?fSw4: ^SITST ^FTIlfrT H<b\UH:, cTfW^^ ^5T,
,

*nimf:-^f: * %5fcf <£CqfcT, HISfmfd, T

^trt, wnteri tort irfq srift (fro 3tF*r ^FRrfcr, h %m

The Aryama not only removes darkness but also washes

the vices. It awakens the lotuses alongwith arousing conscious-

ness of the devotees, who pray at his feet. He is not only the ^

harbinger of day but also is the giver of liberation. Thus, with

one attempt he performs many activities in the universe. May

that Aryama save you. 84
^TT 3F%)c(,Kcbl ?t f^Rm ^ 3T(ct *#FT Wl
^fF, ^R ^Teff% *qt JRt*T (foSTCT, IrFW ^
t; «ft fc^R f, 3?tT %RFK^ ^ |, fR^FT f^5Tt Sfp
<^c+l4 *<^cj|^l ^ T$ 3TR eTmM WT ^ U6VU
 ft?T: m fcW: «i)4gi)<*> : 5#TW^ ^
ip
dlgl^e:

WRm TWFnfWT:, Wp^:, 3#T7^: ft** f^TTWT-

^T:, ap pall ft?:, W f^TT^ *T: 3MTCT: SPT:,

#r: ^toefe! %^ 3#;: 3t^t^ z&mm^, ^T" i

gg^ WlfcT, ftTOTFt ^F^W^ 37#5T 3T^T:

When the Sun moves away to other world, seeing all the

ten quarters dark, the animals as if overwhelmed with sorrow lie

on ground like a lump of clay, feel weak, pant heavily and go to

sleep apprehending their lives at stake. They then submit them-

selves to god. May that Sun protect you. 85

mt I, w t^t ^ iumi

thitWflHb fq- Hl*iw^Lit»^ <

t>
d|cn ^T:

*£TTcR TTR^nfil*diMRuilM^5*: fa^ H4*M

 ^ri ^ftr ffim 3rfrr zm^m gatfa, RhPhi' t$
3# i^rHdfuKMl «RfcT, JfTWsnf^=bd<MRu|IHl<-4: H: W: I

oqiW-^T: :
*?¥cT: crfa^ ^F#T eTW^ rf^-
Sfft

fcffcfi ffaf cilcbHIH,<JM^rd^d1 3TOWf ^f^tfs feKcTTCT: ^RdHM^H,

WW 'TtPFTf cTTWT <^IFT 3#T TT^ : pHd uf< 4l

| l ^RkhI Wtfd
fMfa:, cTTWT 3wmPTT: ffcT ddjR^R:, ?TWSnf^chd<qRu IH)^ | : I WT3-
^fesTPTT: 3#RkTT: mRu||H: MRu|fd: ^TR W^rT: 3^T: ^PT

dlcbHi ^f? Wdl^lH ff¥dT fcfafo 3R^f£ ^TO?1T f?%, *PT& ^Hf

Though the Sun moves fast in worlds, still is very firm in

doing good acts. It dazzles the eyes of people but purifies their
internal senses. It causes heat but gives liberation to ascetics.
May that Sun, more mature than before, bring you all prosper-
ity. 86
Tfita «UK+) (etER) 3^ 3WT ^ |,
#>M ^ftftit <frft?T 3^Nl «ft 3W<lrHI+l faffa JRciT |,

3TTW: ?TRTT q f^^^dflr lJ^sp!Tt fsr^T $*TT*pT: ^TT

ffe: fBT,

firai:, 3^T:
^T: ft: ^ ^jf^T
arafsf H
^rfg, ^ ^fcT,

^PJcT: ^TT felfe, ^0^^

ftifcffRTft, 37T7TT:

xreTfn,
H^d^Ml ; 3TRTT: fa?T: W: 3^T: 3T^f«f #RT f*RfcT

dW< ^IPJrf: 8ffT ^M' fSfSrfrl ^FWf^T, t#W^frg^

WRT: W eMPd, TRFT: fiR^TSJ ^Mf T$ ^*TKtfcT

^faf

W f*rf%f, flflf

wrfcT, 1: ^f: f^lTrJ I

When the Sun shines, the cycle of seasons does not devi-

ate its course; plants never fail to bear fruits in time; rains fall

in due course; the gods are pleased with sacrifices, wind blows
favourably; the stars shine brilliantly; the quarters remain calm;
the seas never transgress their limits; and the kings/mountains

look after earth well. May that Sun confer good fortunes on
you. 87
ftrcr w?k> w$ wr arrat I; <pmm, fsRT

c|Tg ^fcfT t; cTRHt frfa cFT^T w^ I; f^m? ?tcft t;

^
^TeTcTT |; 3? 3TFT #*lfaT ^ H^H

q^rtgttefRi gmr ft^wwj-

88 ^IcHH,

-^ ^FH, ^Rfa*ft ^RT^ M^TR f^RTT

M
ffrT:
otllMl

fR cTf^t#^rf^jf?T, fc^ fR
^FFT *T: frf^RTR: f?R:,
ft- <H
f^pWl^^l
31eT

%H<^
3*RT
tf:, RT?^ ^ fw Wl, ^ent R?tf?T, ^TRT: WTPT: R^J:
WFti f^RT R3T, 3TRR: StRT^f JR^T fr*T«f: ,
3Tf%T3TeTf%T, ^5Rm! ffrT

3#^rf*T, f%WT^f 3^ffaR:, W$, ^UTCTf 3Tf?im *T?lf?:, cTfW^

qffFt ?R FR»J: ^IT ^'kl'l+dH:, ?TR fSReffoRTta: , cTFT 3S7R

TRRR: TRTR<S: ^^ FRfcf Wfti W$ f^T TR^TR WrfcT,

lb

*TT^sf:-'ZTfFHN ^ f^R^RR^IR^ ^fcT, f?R: ^^FRTT SRTR^

%cim R?TR; R^: 31RR: flTRf W 3R^I fNNt ?R; Spfo
?RM*RI?T: *RkT ^ WTR; TT: ^TR; Wg I

femufl-'R^ WI<tfUM: M ^R:, ^ ^TW^ t STfT:'

fc*RT: I

When the Sun looks after the three worlds, Lord Siva holds
his consort close to his body for fear of separation and strolls in

Kailasa mountain; Lord Visnu feeling very tired sleeps in the

ocean on great snake (Sesa) without any pre-text. Lord Brahma

spends his days deeply immersed in meditation. May that Sun
save you. 88

*t'K>i ^ trgcR wr3 m ?r ^, f?R far? ^mgi^

^RTT^t WI 3 R?K ^ R*°] ^T^sR' f^RT *Hddl^

7R Wl m W^ %cfftf

I; sfW 3TtRT *RJ*f

|;

RcRT ^RR<3 Fft* RcTR |,

 ^t?WP( 89
*

v
cTTf^T muft, ^T: *F^T, ^ ^f=rdWT

cTT: ^T: *i^<H^I:, 3* ffajfa Sjfa^ ifczR* cTTf^T Mlft,

M^JRT:, ^Pf: wffi, M^H^\ :> TJcj

*TraT2f:-^4Hu^d f^TT: WTlft, H^dHK^ff SPJ

fimui)-^lhc|jfji^rd: -ffcT tnst f^^T: |

^fe, 3?wf:

m^m. i

The circle of the Sun which emits rays in the sky is the rk,
the rays that shine are Samas, that subtle primeval being in its

middle is yajus. One who is well-versed in Vedic lores knows

that Sun alone is the combination of three Vedas; and is identi-
» cal with heaven and liberation. He is not subject to change.
May that Sun give you prosperity. 89

?t # W^fi f, FPf 3^ ^f? 3^ Ml)

Hlchl*: Mrt4Hleh^fdMd^^fli c)|f|c(|i)ft<|U|i

^ci^HleWc^ -fel^Tgf^FT^: ^fs^pn^ Stafr ^: I I <? o I I

3T^T:-^ ^FT^^T^fmf ?T^f HI*1=fc:Mc^Hlc^rdMd^Ui«4l^lilU-

W:, 8irfcRWT^ ^ i^: ^3T: TTfrfi: ffal^

3T7pmT McTWpt:, ^TTfccT srfcTW: 3c^f: WTT^ cT?TT^: ^4:,

fT^H^: A^fH'lul: e^ft^: T^T: ^T: 3T^H^:

The Sun and all other gods like Indra are the sons of Aditi;
they nourish this world; they have strength to inflict injuries on
the enemies of the dwellers of heaven. But the Sun alone is

called Aditya. He is praised by the divine sages who are revered

in three worlds. May that Sun give good fortune to you. 90

^cTPf ife Iff «ft 3Tf^fcf% (W f, -qr 3^ 3WPI

aftjRT^^f 3M #^f% H^d=hl(l ?f 11^ o||

nlnmi^ivi u.cii^dch<ufidi s^rr^ft ncf-

srto:-^ m: ^% ^m$i, 3tfq Trf;

TTtFTT 3TlM', gg: 3#fcTTt: 3lft WlHlfcW, <^RW 1
7#T 3^T^lfe-
efar^ ^ ^ 3r^f feRi; : ^?T: irrg i
<l<^ltWI 3TtM^ 3#^TT^, 5#faT§f: IRlfefs^ WTRT'

3TF^I^ ^HilcfcKi Wjf!f fWS^ SfTC^ : W: ^TT^ ^ W<3 I

vrraisf:— ^FlfrT 37T%|R^u| ^fH^MIH, <#tfa ^Id^MIH,

ft&T 3TFjfcf ^IH: : ^RT^ I

The Sun is the origin of light. By creating rains in this

earth, he displays his watery form; he indicates his wind-form
as he purifies those who utter his name; he possesses fire-form
as he has power to burn; he has Yajamana form as he gives de-
sired objects; as he is hidden in the sky he displays his sky-form
and as he meets the moon on Amavasya he reveals both Sun
and-moon forms. Thus the Sun has eight forms like Siva. May
he give good fortune to you. 91
*sjh ffi*^, ^rw, ftc^ mw (^fe)

awraipji^ ^ ftcr^t ^^ ^r, 3TTwrtr #r ^iwi^q

^cj: *T MI4|I<M< ^<Klfd T^f trfacf: | | ^ I |

 92
]

e^Hs^l-WT^ 37T^ 3f?f£T ^I'lRdl *TT W Wft: cTFTT: ^TT«TT

MRHd^H ¥^1#T SfflpfcRft Wm\ Wit: ?fNT ^FR ^J^-W^t «

i£# 3flTSTf^T ftchRHdlR *TTfa Wft 3TJcR: ?faf MRHcfH'H

<4«IIWWS!JI ftfa ^.dli ^TtWT: d^JHH:, ^fa£-3^rf: ijfc: cR>4sk:

gTRlfcT: yift: V* ^t: 3TcT ^cT:, *T: ^: 3Tff qf?T: RhHW: ^f: *pTH;

^rraraf:— Ennfr wn: f^it: w wTfRT ^fi^,

fa^Rcj f^TT: :
^ I *

By touching the hordes of blooming lotuses in the early

morning the foot of the Sun looks beautiful. The son of Vinata
(Aruna) leads him in the heaven out of devotion forgetting his
severe pain while going upwards. The Sun moves above all over
worlds with his seven horses. Thus, the master of the day (Sun)
is praised profusely by gods like Muran whose foot looks beau-
tifulwhen massaged by goddess Laksmi rising early and who is
carrid by the Son of Vinata (Garuda) forgetting severe pain, and

who surpasses the seven worlds quickly. May that Sun protect
you. 92
 ^IcHH. 93

m& ^rwtw ^ Iwst Fnftr ^rmT I srfc f«fi ^tt m$

|, W^f 3* (fWI) W% 5TCT wfcti Rnfad 3^
¥FU H 3* faddl-KH 3T^T ^Rftf ^ W

^f?J Wlt'MI+K+l; 3TTT ^HT WI, 3PT ^ wf?t sTp, ^iRrilMNd

^ffe ffcT t^t: 3^ ^FtT Wit, ^Udlct 3TT^ 3^feWMf JdMdMi

^TFnt dl+ni f^rc^r sqft fpral/pi^cr^^Riipr:,

ftifeTT SjfcT: W cPIPJclT: ?pPT: ^JST: ^^c^T: 3TRTT: fc?T: ^ (^cjf^Jdlfd)

^5 3MTT§ W., sm Wi8, 37T^R:

^f: W: 3fcK I <Ul W: ^Rra ftf^ ^TTc^ ^ I 3Te^R: ^ilMHI I

3^M^wmNR;, ^f^pto:, RiJHH: ^q^; ^fig fa^Tg I

Sun, the abode of light, like another Brahma invests beauty

in lotuses, creates water, brings to light the great height of

mountains and shines far above the three worlds with matchless
brilliance. He also makes the faces of four quarters bright with
light and Brahma with his brilliant faces, faces four quarters.
May that Sun give you success. 93
# W$ faTO sfHT% WT 0m ^cf ^RcTT I, ^Tc# W
t, ^ f^tf &5 q<fcT 3^f?T (^)^ WIT |, 3T^zf #T

«Hl^le) 3fk #3|% 3? 3TN eT>M ^T^fe fa*TH ^ 11^3 N

ttt^ft w<viVMcjrvi *HF^ I

^RTT^ cf: f<V^I<rVM^KVI <rvfd&l<V I ll rq i

3Rrc:-?T: ^Tf^#T^?n: ^1 f^T: sO^ ^fa^^T: f^?lfrT, ^?T-

ijid^i tc^t ^ ^tft ^rr^t ^ ^rt, ^rw^i^iKrfeic^ii^i,
WHI4J:*TFT 3#W^ 3TRRff^ 3TST9: ?nfeT, ^T: ^TRJ: ^: ?T fc^TRT^ I

#T^TT:, 3: W ^TRT: ^d|cbl^fa4]um<l: ^ f^T: ST^F ^Tf^fcT

W?FT^^T: 3^#T f^rfcT TTf^fTePTfcf, tK¥l¥ld<jfel, ^TcF^f^:

w ^cfapt frr# ^tt *far fi f^rr: ^T:, ^wi crfar^

<R>fdsilc^llcHI 3W#d+M: SrPT ?c^f:, cTW ^TT tMcTWf :

mo\ ^ftfrTT: WTWT: 3T<?7T STR^HT %T ^JjST: ^f: 3T?R HTST

*T: iT^:, cfFT 3TRJ: ^f^f 3^NI^ f^W:

^lIuMIH^cilcbH^lRt, ^FRTf?T, Wfsfr W^T: c^SR HMd)«W^ , *T: ^:

JTcTW^ SWT ^#T WTT%, 3T^T: ^TFT ^I^KH, 3TSJT^ r|M<Cd,
^f: *pTF£ *Tfef f^TTg I 31^Miyl5eT^R: I

T%nmft-3#?T ^8T^T flfWRT^TT^T^ ^H?TpT ^T?Tt%-

H+«Hl4HlMdH4lIu|+M5: cT^TT Pl^lld I
 ^cflehl STifc W$ ^ ¥fi*wfa Tf^Tf^T: I l-*T°TTo3-3-^

The Sun makes visible the ten quarters along with moun-
tains, sky, earth and the seas immediately. He reveals his twelve

forms at the inauspicious time of dissolution. There is no one

equal to him in the region of gods ruled by Indra. The elder
brother of the eater of serpents (Aruna) is fully aware of his in-

tention and controls accordingly the horses. May that brilliant

Sun give you happiness. 94

arret Hiehmnw i arfir ?»^q^t ^

3Tfq 4* +Qj«t^l: (*RfoT) f^TFT Tj^rg : ^: 1%rf I

pH^ Wir^HlHi
i
, f^T: 3mT*ReTRFTT: d^T: *l) u ll<^:, ^ TO:,

^^cMHld^l ^T: (^f f^TT) f^T: 1KT:,

3T^mPTraFpTfcf, m^WS dT35: cTTFP^ W: OTl, cT^ ^d/CMlcilfti

chcjq^ : ^ y^wTd ^g^; imifw: "t&fo,

 96 ^IcHH^

fH^dlfH *T#tT, TT^RT: ^Wfq WcTT ^ Wg3:

When the Sun goes away to look after other regions, sacred

bathing places like lakes, rivers, tanks and ponds full of lotuses
turn useless. The oceans fail to ward off the fear of falling into
inauspicious ditch-like hell. Even waters of heavenly river
Gaiiga become ineffective to wash away the sins of those who
dip therein. May that sole source of the day (Sun) do good to
you. 95

^ 3T^T d)=b)=bl TSTT <*<^ft-llJ, ^ *rtf ^ ^

3^ ^T^cTT |, ^ ^ #>ti% fi^cT W^R ^ II^HII

Tjt: ^fnf5T% fqf^T BiHrT ^TT^ dl^l^

ar^Ti-^ra-Hl'i^TTc^^cf tcfcpr ftftT ftf?T ?n^k w^, *tt^£

STJRTcpf %f?f

^fWT
a^ldUld^H, 3Tf%^T,
W 3?^^ 3^Ht^
pH^'lfa, f^^lftcT 3^lt%: ^ cT^

fo#T 3TT^ ^fd^*kq

3T^cT :

U'fqcq: ^Pg^: 3^ft *T: 3T^ er : *pfr^ STcrg I

*rraT«f:-^:M 3IefM^ rr^f^pT wml^-HH^

N SRTcFTOT
 The three worlds relapse to the earlier stage of creation
every night due u>the departure of the Sun. They plunge into
deep sleep and become unknowable, inscrutable, and inconceiv-
able as if covered with mire of the nether region. May that Sun
whose appearance coincides with the onset of the process of

creation protect you. 96

fei4*ill if ^ <frr m wfi m§ $ I, 4&

^ 3^s#fa^fd": ITT ^TTfMt 3^T3T *TT dldldM: f^T: I ^l+ldt, *T

o^l^ l-3?fw^gR ^: 31WWd: 3TRITfo ¥ ^ 3RT? 3HffH<^

Strife HcJ I SlfFF^ 3^^gf?T: 3^etT f^fcT: ^*lPd:
^TFfT ^ WJrlT *nf*Ht Tift:, 3RTC dkdH: cffa: 3^: cfSTPJcT:

^ f^TWRT: I ff?T WM^I^d'H.cH^d:, STgr^T 3TT%cT ^ifcd

^HT ^FTdf f%ct 3T^f Rd^ldi Si ^f: 1: 3^TTd;
 The Astacala of this region is the Udayadri of other. The
moon-lit night here, is a hot day there. Time and clime do not

restrain the Sun, rather they are restrained by him. May that Sun
who is the master of the day, and who utilises his power for the

benefit of the world, protect you. 97

3TOt JT5cn% *W # W^Tc^T f%TT W«R 3R3T t, f^W ^ 3? 37N

WT ^ II^V9||

HciJiUl^i^AlPlRjIdl JllJIU^ffiil^TTT^ |

^lilfyWdlHm<HJKWJ|Hlc|Jmfftci|^|-

Wh 3^: 3R^: f^: ^TrM: d£l<ilWtfdlHimH'l<HJ|lllem*rf irf

o<JIOiJI-3^T Rewm^ 3T^ JPTI^ ci<#lRj|d: <J<WMdHll«RT: ^f:

3TTzrjf?Tgr ?faT fP| URT: ?Ff «TR: ^TT #: fef 5£f&, ^
ippt: STfFjff: 3^: Jfcqsh ftlft: 3^M: (IMtJ) ^tM:
f^RWjf:, <ljil<iir4r4dlHIH,, 3^T^Tf^T: 3#ffi: fal^, fadl-ll <*4lk1l%

fiujuil-'Tr' frJTPT T|<jGfelId4ltJl4)'l: 3T^5fRW^ W^rfcT I

The Sun appears on Udayagiri in the early morning. He

sends his fierce rays upwards, overpowers the leading planets
and moon; and emits his newly emerging rays to white-wash the
earth full of divinities, cities, mountains and stones. May that

Sun the Chief of the planets, destroy your sins. 98

wt ffew& wpti <$<wMi ^ ^ wg3 srfc

TTT, 'q^cT, yW<lM"Ul ^W cfc^dld) ^f«T^t tf^feRT

fasrR ^cm I, -^im ^ efrnf% ?trt nun

3T^T:-WT ?TtH: faw, 3TfacT:, 3F& TigT:, ^rg:

ftwj: 3#1cT: ff?T, ^ffe: ^fR^rfT ^tfe: ^TFT *T: f?R: 3Wt
^fcf, TJ^: ffcT, 3Hci<=hl<MI: "Tfcl":
f^T: *Rg Hieing:

3#: ffcT H^fo^lftej^ 3Tg?PJ^TT g3HT W. W: ^^IH^I:,

ffrT, «£jffe : Tig* ffcT, 5Jrg: ^TcT ?fcT, 31d+HI: "qfcT: «H^: ffcT, wt^IW
3Tf*T*faR} I TJcTTf^T ^T^TR fe<*l«5taft<H 4<J***4I

Spp# I TTcTlft ^TRTH cfr^cT: 3T«f^IT ^ JPTtW^TR I dd^lHfa:

Propagator of Samaveda is called Vidhata, madhuripu is

Ajita, DhurjatI is Saiikara, Mrtyu is Kala, the master of Alaka is

Dhanada and the Jatavedas is named as Pavaka. These names

(vidhata etc.) of gods are wantonly given like dittha, davittha.
100

The meanings denoted by these terms are truly applicable to the

Sun who alone possesses all their qualities, May that Sun pro-
J
tect you. 99

cfT#£t S^nrf^i Stlcl^l (3TfZT)=Bt W£

^>
JEST ^TM t ^ ^cTT3Tf% ^ ^FT f^, sf^T (f^«fo)
I ^
Uratesfi |f Wfl cTr^cT: 3T?f% 3R^R ^ f ^ #TT
f f*T ill ^TWt
I ^T^T ^4 31N eM35t T^T 11^ ^ II

T^TTO^ TJ^cT *Hgft ^ftf^T #3nT^T: I

TJcj ft U if 4^ ^J: |^ ^ SFTcTT *Tefm fulfil

^cjfchlOL|chlO f^Tg <VIVMI*ft^T«rf8fiiT ^: ll^ooll

3TT?tf^3rf:, ^T§: ^fa: ^ ? T?: 3cT *ff^:, ^tfef, sfcr^ 3TtW:

g ? ^ ^2Tf 5F: fW «T: H ft#=lt iltetTOl 3^ <^ldr%

cTTrT:, ^TtfacT, #jf f^J^ 3T^: «frf FTT^ 3 ? ^ ^SJT

^2Rft *T: T Wit T ftsi(|[*4d\ yc|f+Rui u4w*^ui ^T:

«Vmdl% WSTRJ: W: iWifcf 3TFRT I 3c^TT^R: I

"»
«TraT«f:— 8?$}% 3T^ ^prat ^TR^: ? faqM 3WIT
^
|«r:

^Nf t^Jrf
wft
#R
?

fa\ ?
^RTt: W&>: ^T:
?T%^f «fcT
^ ? ^5:

? TJcj
3T?M ^R^:
*T: *[cf«TT fVfcj
?

^
Wit, WtJ *#fT H4=bk+: ^T: ^bHI+HRTcM TJTCcJ I

Is this divine being a relative of the world, or a bosom

friend, or the preceptor, or the venerable one, or the eye that
offers protection, or a lamp or the teacher, or the father, or is the

life-force, or strength ? Thus, the Sun who is not clearly ascer-

tained as to what he actually is, but benefits in all these roles,
may fulfil all your desires. 100
 101

^ c^M 3#TeTM ijnf ^ ll*oo||

VHlch l Vldfilfrl Tf%TfTT: ^H^UI *TtFTT

5 ufa^c-Hei chlf-dHI^:

^TT:
^rPfT effa^R

^TPT:
^ W ?^T:?fcT

3TKfa, Ur+fad,
tf^RTT: I
Wt
^rfcT^,
*: ^
3^ciqci,
^f^ft fogrfi:

^TH, 3 1
$^ ,
tot, %B$% 3T«f ,
^TOft 3^ ^-sfcWKI^ I

These hundred slokas have been composed by Sri Mayura

out of devotion for the benefit of the people. One who reads

them with sincerity even once becomes free from all sins and
gets health excellent poetic talent, wisdom incomparable
strength, lustre, longlife, learning, prosperity, riches, and off-

springs by the grace of Sun God in this world. 101

m ^ gpi ^ ^ wr ^ sN* ^t, I, ^

i^, ^fe^ mm* 3% t^sn sr^m, ^rfs*^ +ir-dHi^ sfa

tw^^tt t 11 ^ o ^ 11
 TeftcFT^T:

3# T^T srfdWcT^ 67 ^IrHi^llcb^Mlu^fdfdft^ 25

3TWT: TT5(Tt ^ 1 9 d-^HI RR*Ri W$fti 1 4
n
3hw^w^m i ten#R 1 7 95
3TM^RRT# f^rl^lfRlPi 41 tftsf MnTt^fcfr ^ R<Rf 28
SflsFRqi "cllgJHH ^jto 50 9

3MFtft ft> g^Ct: mf&T 26 <d|fcf{<dfclR^fd f^R# 51

S^^^^PR 36 100
anffesraPfW; ^rr^t 1 97
S^jF^FRR^FTT Jmfrt 38 1 1

<5r*>IW"R^dy Wfddl 68 48
3^Mf%fT f^tffrT 8 66
ciil^JHc(|U|i ^f^r 78 27
R^ Wlfd^ll t tafrf 12 ^RT^RT^f RR ,)
84
ii.<WEH3 f^RT^ff 65 63
WMTeTWg#T^ ?TTO 96 RtJ '1l*ICl'4HHM:<!Hi/ldi 69

89
^fMT dK*|U|i ifflfir ?g 76 RT7R %Rfl: TOWFR. 31
%cTO f^ra 87 RiTRWRJWRJRJR 23
sfclHedMlsft dlcbTw^M^fd 8 5 RTFR^HT RfHHNfdRidd 70
SFTT ^RR: 8RRT: RfRR 21 ^T^JHM 5^ R*R 57
TO^klHtl^fd+RdcMI 35 ^R^T ^ Rl^dMRcU: 72

22
rfift ^FbKMfeRti Sfi*R ^ 71 42
:£
I^8jf|^ ^g c^fa 79 60
^M^pfe^fti 1 ^ HIcMill ft^d 83
^MT ^kWT 73 yfod<Rl 5
 1

103

M*i!i>i:

d^lHl*<<*<i<*d£ 55 ^: WNipiWTO 93
m^lHI^IHHMKtuN^uidl 59 ^n+lPd M^Hi ^ f# 20

62 Wfmtffy wiRr 77
Mk^wl^dl: |^ 55 ^+^dMHW St^R 64
75 ^rfPr: irai f^fM 99
4 T^^uu| t^TtWR^et 43
MI<+cbldlfvlsiM41|ch<qRHeHI 92 Tr^TFTT HU^HW 3TtrafrT t^IdT 29
lift MHlM^-r^lS^frlf^K 12
dVcdlmfa^: tlTdWT 84
49 R+|#yu|cbHc1cH
s#3?T?f 58
t^ET: ^5^MI^<frlP|ch<id<MI 44
^MWcK^df^fadl 39
1

24
0
flR#uf ^ ifrti: W(k 1 6

tefRf^ f^b t^T ?^ 74

faymr ciHHr=i wm 7
oq^TPq#^T^^t 98
^Rbn^w sag jprpf^ 2
^TR^f ^Mt ^t^Rfo" 86
82
WWfTeT^TOTte 53
34
tfMH|U|l3|SlM|ufldfi>lfa 6
32
90 ^^ I
jcbK I H+<cWd4l 7 8

45
?cTfaT dl<*>W ^ ^Idftfd

,
101

TRra ftTTFJefRpm g=Ht 33

*TT TF^nf^ if lldl^Rfd 18
HlS^f#?TI feTfiT 94
47
*TF1T *TT Hl^ld<dHH 37
30
52
fa£-. f^RiM tMM^t 8

40 #2RTT5nlftM^^<g<yyc1l: 6

15 ^dldld" ^TFtft fat|*H<HH 46

***
 fNl SIM ^#cT I
3t
sret gwrf^R worn- i
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Also can be had from

CHOWKHAMBA KRISHNADAS ACADEMY

K. 37/1 1Gopal Mandir Lane Near Golghar (Maidagin)
8,

Post Box No. 1 1 1 8, Varanasi-221 001 (India)

Phone: Off. 2333458, Resi: 2334032 & 2335020
e-mail :
[email protected]. in