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    Fault Detection - Abstarct

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    halamev531
    This document describes a system that uses sensors to detect faults in electricity transmission lines and notify authorities in real time using Bluetooth. It detects line-to-line and ground faults by measuring voltage drops across sensors placed along transmission lines. When a fault is detected, it locates the fault using the sensor placements and cuts power while alerting responsible parties by Bluetooth with the fault details and location.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Fault Detection - Abstarct

    Uploaded by

    halamev531
    18 views6 pages
    This document describes a system that uses sensors to detect faults in electricity transmission lines and notify authorities in real time using Bluetooth. It detects line-to-line and ground faults by measuring voltage drops across sensors placed along transmission lines. When a fault is detected, it locates the fault using the sensor placements and cuts power while alerting responsible parties by Bluetooth with the fault details and location.

    Original Title

    Fault detection_abstarct

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    This document describes a system that uses sensors to detect faults in electricity transmission lines and notify authorities in real time using Bluetooth. It detects line-to-line and ground faults by measuring voltage drops across sensors placed along transmission lines. When a fault is detected, it locates the fault using the sensor placements and cuts power while alerting responsible parties by Bluetooth with the fault details and location.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    18 views6 pages

    Fault Detection - Abstarct

    Uploaded by

    halamev531
    This document describes a system that uses sensors to detect faults in electricity transmission lines and notify authorities in real time using Bluetooth. It detects line-to-line and ground faults by measuring voltage drops across sensors placed along transmission lines. When a fault is detected, it locates the fault using the sensor placements and cuts power while alerting responsible parties by Bluetooth with the fault details and location.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 6

    Earth and line Fault detection system in transmission

    line using Bluetooth

    Contents

    1. Introduction

    2. Working and Design principle

    3. Circuit description

    a. Power supply

    b. Atmega328 microcontroller

    c. LCD

    d. Electromagnetic relay

    e. Buzzer driver

    f. Current detector

    g. HC-05 Bluetooth module

    4. Conclusion

    5. Code
    Introduction

    Energy leakage is one of the major problems that the corporation faces in

    recent times. Bringing this leakage under control is next to impossible with

    the electrical transmission lines running millions of miles across the country.

    Only way to solve this problem is to come up with a mechanism that can

    detect the fault in electricity transmission line automatically and intimate the

    authorities with a specific location. Through this project you will develop a

    device that uses sensors to sense the incoming & outgoing values and detect

    anomalies. And, the system will be integrated with the Bluetooth mechanism,

    to intimate the responsible people real time with the location information and

    scale of leakage in a LCD. There are many courses of faults in power

    transmission leading to power outages, if not properly managed.

    Design and working principle

    To attain our concept, need to use Atmega328p controller, Relays, current

    sensor, buzzer, LCD and tower. The project representing cable length in KMs

    and fault creation is made by a set of switches at every known KM to cross

    check the accuracy of the same. The voltage drop across the feeder resistor is

    given to an ADC which develops a precise digital data which the programmed
    microcontroller would display the same in Kilo meters. The fault occurring at

    what distance and which phase is displayed on a 16X2 LCD interfaced with the

    microcontroller. If any fault occurs either in line fault or in ground fault ,

    distance will show on Lcd ant load cutoff automatically from the lines and a

    notification will sent to a mobile phone using Bluetooth.

    1. Line to line and ground fault detection using low voltage cables. The

    transformer secondary will be star connected so that it will have a set of

    three phase lines. To analyze the fault, here we use a small circuitry

    called post unit which is mounted on various points in the line. When

    there is short circuit between R-Y, Y-B phases then ADC get more than

    zero analog value at channel AD6 & AD7 where relay is in NO condition

    and load is stop running. The main unit also consists of set of sensors

    that give the status of line at that point and it accepts the information

    received from the post units. It sends information to the authorities of

    power provider about the fault including its type and location if it finds

    the line faulty and cutoffs the loads automatically from the lines and a

    notification will sent to a mobile phone using Bluetooth.

    2. Over load detection using Current transformer as a current sensor.

    The current transformers operating principle is based on the law of


    electromagnetic induction. This is a circuit designed to detect over

    current. In this section a special type of CT is used to detect very low

    current. The output of this CT is an AC voltage proportional to the Load

    current. The CT voltage varies with load current. That output got

    rectified and compared by a op-amp and given to the microcontroller.

    ADVANTAGES

    – Devices are enabled by wireless communication.

    – Coverage area is large compared to the existing system.

    – Less number of components and manual observation. So, it is

    economically reliable and low cost.

    APPLICATION

    – Used in transmission line.

    – Used in textile mills.

    – Used in food industry.

    Apparatus required

    1. Atmega328p – 1

    2. Current transformer – 3
    3. Micro switches -3

    4. Lm393 op-amp - 2

    5. RYB cable – 1meter each

    6. Bulb holders – 6

    7. Led bulb – 3watt – 3

    8. 100watt bulb – 1

    9. Buzzer – 1

    10. 100 uf capacitor – 6

    11. 10k resistor- 13

    12. 10k preset – 3

    13. Bc547 – 4

    14. Relay 12v/7amp – 3

    15. Diode in 4007 – 6

    16. Bluetooth module – hc-05 – 1

    17. LCD 16/2 – 1

    18. Led – 2

    19. 12v adaptor - 1


    Block diagram

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