Session - 39 - Programmed Interrupt Driven IO
Session - 39 - Programmed Interrupt Driven IO
Session No: 39
AIM OF THE SESSION
To familiarize students with the basic concept of Programmed IO, Interrupt driven IO.
INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
LEARNING OUTCOMES
Programmed I/O
• The programmed I/O was the simplest I/O technique for exchanging data or any communication
between the processor and the external devices.
• There is no need for the CPU to stay in the loop as the interrupt command interrupts the CPU when
the device is ready for data transfer.
Programmed I/O
• With programmed I/O, data are exchanged between the processor and the I/O module. When the processor
issues a command to the I/O module, it must wait until the I/O operation is complete.
• The overall operation of the programmed I/O can be summaries as follow:
The processor executes a program and encounters an instruction relating to I/O operation.
The processor executes that instruction by issuing a command to the appropriate I/O module.
The I/O module will perform the requested action based on the I/O command issued by the processor
(READ/WRITE) and set the appropriate bits in the I/O status register.
The processor will periodically check the status of the I/O module until it finds that the operation is
complete
Programmed I/O (Cont..)
7
Interrupt driven I/O
• Interrupt I/O is a way of controlling input/output activity whereby a peripheral or terminal that
needs to make or receive a data transfer sends a signal.
• This will cause a program interrupt to be set. At a time appropriate to the priority level of the I/O
interrupt.
Basic operations of interrupt-driven I/O
CPU issues read command.
I/O module gets data from peripheral whilst CPU does other work.
I/O module interrupts CPU.
CPU requests data.
I/O module transfers data.
Interrupt driven I/O (Cont..)
Interrupt processing
Interrupt driven I/O (Cont..)
11
SUMMARY
• The programmed I/O was the simplest I/O technique for exchanging data or any communication
between the processor and the external devices. Data transfer is initiated through instructions
stored in the computer program.
• The I/O transfer is initiated by the interrupt command issued to the CPU. There is no need for the
CPU to stay in the loop as the interrupt command interrupts the CPU when the device is ready for
data transfer.
SELF-ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS
(a) Making
(b) run
(c) halt
(d) stop
(a) RAM
(b) Harddisk
(c) BIOS
(d) None of these
TERMINAL QUESTIONS
1. Examine the process of Programmed IO through the use of a block diagram and workflow.
2. Evaluate the benefits and drawbacks of Programmed I/O versus Interrupt-driven I/O.
3. Examine the process of interrupt driven IO through the use of a block diagram and workflow.
REFERENCES FOR FURTHER LEARNING OF THE SESSION
Reference Books:
1. Computer Organization by Carl Hamacher, Zvonko Vranesic and Saftwat Zaky.
2. Computer System Architecture by M. Morris Mano
3. Computer Organization and Architecture by William Stallings