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3 Orthographic Drawing

This document discusses orthographic projection and how to describe shapes on paper through projection. It covers the three principal planes of projection, the six principal views obtained from looking at an object from different sides, and examples of orthographic projections showing combinations of different views.

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14 views28 pages

3 Orthographic Drawing

This document discusses orthographic projection and how to describe shapes on paper through projection. It covers the three principal planes of projection, the six principal views obtained from looking at an object from different sides, and examples of orthographic projections showing combinations of different views.

Uploaded by

canbalaban365
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CE 102 Technical Drawing

Orthographic Drawing
Theory

Question:

How can we describe a shape on paper?


Theory

Shape can be described by projection.


The objects view shall be considered as an image that
is placed within the rays of sight.
Theory

If the rays are taken to


a particular station
point, the projective
method is called
perspective.
Theory
If the rays are
perpendicular to a plane,
the projective method is
called orthographic.
Orthographic Projection
Orthographic projection is the method of representing
the exact shape of an object by dropping
perpendiculars from two or more sides of the object to
the planes, generally at right angles to each other;
collectively, the views on these planes describe the
object completely.
Orthographic Projection

There are three


planes of projection:
frontal, horizontal and
profile. Each plane is
perpendicular to other
two.
Orthographic Projection

The horizontal and profile


planes rotated into the
same plane as the frontal
plane. This makes it
possible to draw three
views of the object on a
single plane, the drawing
paper.
Six Principal Views

If we put an object
to a transparent
box and look from
each face.
Six Principal Views
Six Principal Views

We could obtain 6
different views.
Combination of Views

Top, front and right-


side views. This is the
most common
combination. Note that
top view is on the top
and right view is on the
right. Both views are in
projection with front
view.
Combination of Views

Top, front and left-


side views. Note
that left-side view is
drawn to the left
and in projection
with front-view.
Combination of Views

Front, bottom and


right-side views.
The bottom view is
used instead of top
view only when its
use gives clearer
representation.
The Three Space Dimensions

Height is the diffrence in elevation


between any two points.
Width is the positional distance left to
right between any two points.
Depth is the positional distance from
front to rear between any two points.
The Three Space Dimensions

To locate a point in
space height, width,
and depth must be
designated.
The Three Space Dimensions
The relationship
between space,
directions and the
planes of projection.
View directions are
perpendicular to their
planes of projection.
Height is parallel to
frontal and profile
planes, width is
parallel to frontal and
horizontal planes,
and depth is parallel
to horizontal and
profile planes.
Representation of Lines

Section A-A
Examples
Examples
Examples
Examples

2 3

Top View

4 5 6
7

Front View Right Side View

There is a mistake in one of


these projection views. Can you
find it? Go to the poll on
cloud-lms.iyte.edu.tr
Examples

Hidden Lines
Examples
Top View

Front View Right Side View

There is a mistake in one of


these projection views. Can you
find it? Go to the poll on
cloud-lms.iyte.edu.tr
Examples

Visible Lines
Examples
Examples
Examples

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