M PS

OBJECTIVES

By the end of this lesson, students will be able to:

 understand the structure of a map essay.
 practise using prepositional phrases to describe locations.
 practise using different structures and vocabulary to describe changes in maps.

IN CL SS PR CTICE

N LYSIS
Work in pairs. Look at the maps and find five more differences then, write down the sentences in
the provided space. Discuss: Overall, which changes are the most significant?
The maps show how Maritza has developed over the period 1984 to 2014.

Maritza 1984 Maritza 2014

1. _ There was a woodland in the Northeast. _____ There were some skyscrapers in the Northeast.

2. ____________________________________ ____________________________________

3. ____________________________________ ____________________________________

4. ____________________________________ ____________________________________

5. ____________________________________ ____________________________________

6. ____________________________________ ____________________________________

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 TIP BOX
N LYSING M PS

You should notice the following details when analysing maps

a. What is the timeframe?
b. What are the changes in terms of
 Location?
 Size?
 New features?
 Removed features?
c. What features remain unchanged?
d. Overall,
*what are the most significant changes? OR
*has the area become less green? more developed/urban? residential? commercial? industrial?
touristy?? etc.
ESS Y STRUCTURE

1. Introduction: Introduce the maps, saying what they are about with different wording
from the prompt.
2. Overview: Summarise the major changes that took place. The overview can be placed at
the end of the report but must be included.
3. Body paragraph(s): Describe the maps in detail.

THE INTRODUCTION
Use the words and phrases from the box to write two different versions of the introduction.

map show develop

diagram illustrate changes that take place
picture describe growth/ development

1…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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 THE OVERVIEW

Read the overview paragraphs below and choose ONE bad overview that DOES NOT present the main
changes.
. In short, Maritza underwent significant changes between 1984 and 2014 as more housing,
shopping and transportation facilities were constructed and developed.
B. Overall, Maritza became a more industrial and commercial city with more housing estates,
shopping centres and infrastructure.
C. In summary, the major changes in Maritza include the destruction of the woodlands and the
construction of more modern housing estates, shopping and transportation facilities.
D. In general, there were more apartments and shops, as the woodlands were chopped down
and replaced by skyscrapers and factories.
E. On the whole, the woodlands were cut down to make way for the buildings, and the houses
are replaced by the apartments.

DET IL P R GR PHS

TIP BOX: Describing locations and directions using located/ situated, be, lie

Noun + be located/ situated + preposition/ direction

 The school was located/ situated in the southeast of the city.
 The school lay/ was in the southeast of the city.
There + be + (a/an) Noun + preposition/ direction
 There was an airport to the south of the lake.
Preposition/ Direction + be/ lie + N
 North of the residential blocks was/lay a supermarket.

. Rewrite your sentences describing the town in 1984, using the structures in the tip box.

Maritza 1984

1. Northwest of the city was a woodland.________________________________________________

2. ________________________________________________________________________________

3. ________________________________________________________________________________

4. ________________________________________________________________________________

5. ________________________________________________________________________________

6. ________________________________________________________________________________

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B. Complete the table with the words in the box.

knock down renovate demolish put up relocate convert

(re)construct tear down extend refurbish alter modernise
enlarge erect (re)develop add cut down chop down
introduce make way for give way to turn into make into expand
shorten reduce exist demolish take the place
of

build remove replace expand

narrow move remain unchanged change

C. Use the verbs above to make notes of the changes that took place in the town Maritza between
1984 and 2014. There may be more than one possible answer.

rea 1984 Verbs describing the 2014

changes
Body paragraph 1 Northwest no factory (1) be constructed factories
car park remain unchanged car park
hospital (2) ……………………………… shops
library
Northeast woodland (3) ……………………………… skyscrapers
houses (4) ……………………………… apartments
no bicycle park (5) ……………………………… bicycle park
pedestrian
crossings
Body paragraph 2 Southwest restaurant exist restaurant
café (6) ……………………………… fountain
park (7) ……………………………… park

Southeast school still existed school

woodland (8) …………………………… hospital
library

QUICK TIP: You can use the directions to organize the paragraphs of your detailed description (from
north to south, east to west and vice versa)

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 D. These sentences are developed from the notes in the table. Match the sentence halves.
____ 1. In 1984, there were no factories in the a. to give way for the skyscrapers.
northwest of the city
____ 2. The hospital and the library were located b. and converted into apartments.
to the northwest, next to each other
____ 3. The woodland in the northeast was c. and a cycle lane were added to improve
chopped down access for both cyclists and pedestrians.
____ 4. The individual houses along the road d. but they were relocated to the
were demolished southeast, as shopping facilities such as
malls are added in their places.
____ 5. Next to the apartments, a bicycle park, e. but thirty years later two were
pedestrian crossings constructed next to the car park
E. Develop the remaining notes in the table above into sentences, consider changing the verbs into
nouns and adding prepositional phrases describing locations.

1. ............................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................
2. ............................................................................................................................................................
3. ............................................................................................................................................................

M IN PR CTICE
In pairs, analyse the maps below and make the outline for your response
The maps below show the changes that took place at a science and technology museum between 1996
and 2016.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons
where relevant.

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OUTLINE YOUR NSWER

1. Introduction:…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Overview:………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Body paragraph(s):………..………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

WRITING HOME WORK

Write your response to the maps in M IN PR CTICE.

GR MM R

PREPOSITION REVIEW

Look at the maps of the university campus and write sentences to describe the location.

The maps below show a section of a university campus in 1990 and now.

Example: recreation building…next to... thletic Fields

 recreation building has been constructed next to the thletic Fields.

1. bike path…between… Humanities building - dministration building

......................................................................................................................................... ………

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