Server Admin - Linux

This document provides an overview of Linux server administration. It covers topics such as environment setup, file systems, virtualization, storage and recovery. Commands for tasks like updating, installing SSH, and configuring firewalls are also demonstrated.

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Server Admin - Linux

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LINUX SERVER ADMINISTRATION 2019

By: Kevin Brown on UDEMY

Discord chanel: https://discord.com/invite/TeFg9HrZ46

Linux command : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1WJyjAfRmdgFbZq-
ii5HKGQepjDMFpixf/view

1. Environment Set Up

 LINUX versions & uses

- LINUX for SERVERS: Rocky, redhat, alma, Ubuntu
- LINUX for LAPTOPS: Pop OS, linux Mint
- LINUX for EMBEDDED SYS: OpenWRT
- Server Clusters: rockcluster

 Post Installation
Action command
Update every app & “ sudo apt full -
services upgrade”
Internet tools - “ sudo apt install
net-tools”

Install ssh server ”openssh-server”

Apropos “cmnd name ” Provides manual &

hlp
- , “ sudo apt update” and “ sudo apt full -upgrade”
-
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2. Special commands

“”  disk management,
Command Name usage options
df Disk management
-- help Info about a command
man Provide manual on
command usage

“” 

3. The Terminal in Depth

 Command structure and format

- Command-name, options, arguments
- “man” provides the manual of how to use a certain
command eg.
 TAB button
- Press TAB once, after typing commands first letters
to auto complete
- Press TAB TAB after typing commands first letters to
to see all option
- Use “history” command to view list of commands
ran, $HISTFILESIZE stores the commands, stored in
the “.bash_history” file
 Terminal ShortCuts
Key Usage
Ctrl + a Move cursor to end
Ctrl + e Move cursor to begin
Ctrl + u Clear line
Ctrl + c Stop process
Ctrl + z Sleeping a process

 Bash history command

- Add a space infront of a command to run but to not
have it saved in the history file(for hackers, hiding
traces)=> “ who” instead of “who” command
- Use $HISTCONTROL to set bash to ignore “spaces”
during cmmnd execution so that they are recorded
in the history
-
 Root
 “ sudo su -” to switch to admin privileged account

4. The FILE SYTEM

 File systems

- FAT(file allocation table, universal format, no

security,
- NTFS ( new tech FS, default system, auditing,
security, compression )
- ReFS (resilient file sys, error correction, larger
files,dir & volumes)
 Sharing Permissions on folders
- On a shared folder,The folder perms take
precedence over the NTFS perms,  the least of the
two permissions assigned takes preference over the
other
- Best practice on a shared folder is to give “ full
control” on sharing permissions and thenthe
appropriate NTFS instruction
- (rightclick->properties->sharing)
- Full Control(all permissions + plus changing others
permissions )
- Read – read & execute
- Change- modify
- To modify each permission, you can go into
advanced settings (special permisions)
- Sub folders INHERIT permissions by default
(Advanced permissions, disable inheritance)

 File Server Resource Manager

- Install a ROLE (file & storage service-> ISCI -> FSRM)
- Can set quotas per folder, (hard or soft)
- Quota notifications if threshold reached
- Report generators
- File SCREEN (block files based on file extension
 Disk Management
- Basic disk => contains partitions
- Dynamic disk => have volume, that contain disks (up
to 32 disk)
- Importance of dynamic disk is that they can be
aggregated
- PERFORMANCE => striped or spanned volume
RAID 0, 1
- FAULT TOLERANCE => Mirrored volume(meant for
OS), RAID5, 
 Storage Pools
- Svr manger->file & Storage-> create pool{ from pool
you can now create virtual disks
- Pool > Disk > volume
- They can be build using different types of disks, (SSD
HDD)
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 DeDuplication

- Helps for back up and restore

- Use Deduplication Evaluation Tool (install role->file
& storage->expand->enable, configure )
- Select a disk to enable
- “ddpeval” commnd used to evaluate

 Distributed File system (sort of a shared folder)

- Installation same as DDup
- Domain based (can intergrade Active Directory
- standalone namespaces (install DFS role,
- Folder dynamic replication (sharing, data collection
& distribution,
- DFS Management is found under SVR mngr->tools
once installed
- Namespace: take file from different servers , make
them appear as if they are in 1 server in a
hierarchical view
 Azure Sync
- integration by adding a storage account (Basically
Create a mapped Drive)
- Paste azure script in power shell
- Create sync group, and add a file share to it
- Download storage sync Agent to the server

5. Virtualization HYPER V