Introduction To Arithmetic and Geometric Sequences Notes dhr2020 PDF
Introduction To Arithmetic and Geometric Sequences Notes dhr2020 PDF
-A sequence is simply an ordered list of numbers. 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15,… ______, ______
-Each number in the sequence is called a “term.”
-Terms are referred to by the following notation: a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 … a(n-1) an
-If we refer to a generic term of the sequence, we say an.
-The term that comes directly before a13 is a12, so the term directly before an is a(n-1).
Remember, recursive definitions must have two parts, first tell where the pattern begins, and then what math is
repeated in order to get the next term of the sequence. Recursive definitions are simple, and easy to understand,
and regularly used in computer programming. Unfortunately, they are tedious to use if we wanted to know a20,
because we would have to find a19 first. And to find a19, we need to know a18……. It gets old quickly!
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Explicit Definition (Formula) of a Sequence
In order to be able to quickly find any term of a sequence, we need a more direct way, or explicit formula for each
term. The explicit formula includes the first term and the math we must repeat, all in one formula.
This pattern starts at 17, and then to get the 5th term (a5), This pattern starts at ¾ and then to get to the 4th term
we had to add -4 how many times? Notice, to get to a5, (a4) we had to multiply by 4 three times. (“n-1” times)
we only had to add -4 four times. So, the explicit We use exponents to indicate repeated multiplication.
formula is: So, the explicit formula is:
an = 17 - 4(n-1) an = ¾ * 4(n-1)
We start with 17 and add -4 “n-1” times. We start with ¾ and then multiply by 4 “n-1” times.
Generically: an = a1 + d(n-1) where d is the common Generically, an = a1 * rn-1 where r is the common ratio and
difference and n is the term we are looking for. n is the term we are looking for.
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