Mopute- > Reolapers: = Wane relifyey : - Hay tk Conver” an ac Vol be jako & lsat 4 arc Volkage wing one had 4 L appued ac wi, the vedo! dictes Gonducs during One oles of, ac w ony 4 ee bo te prrany of | Be Gon¥qren v ie > Vp Iranalorie ahd equa’ Vil= Vy si oe diode > bie whee Vy ys wae in va of the hab eye 4; npuk oe the anode woth Tepe® 4s the posite 4 be diole beuome Mere posit ceithode and hence , Hose oh ee For a ideal diede, he forward Tas is “4 so, He cchale. Ip ab veg wil app ens the | segsbaney BL Fayed Th ee half re 4 input Sanat 2 Hel 4 diode cea ye watch “Teal by Cathode a pian , "> dows rol Condurk - for diode , im poten ohperes the diode is ingysky pene b ‘ee derop 5sMy Nw —7 yn put i ty ut ac mput a , Ve i k, Ve ; ! | a ene | ' Vo ‘ 1 ' x a ut aD Fy (x) Basic stwetwe of % haul voome, rederbper CD Lapuk oukpub voauelgaen og half, OMe seca gjer ‘ oat Vay if ave oy we Content: oF vie cuss j x 4 leag and is ven by ‘ih | Yay = f = aa [J pa ginak alo’) rfe aw) 2 if ar i Vay * Me fH cont We i were at i Tone, ug ME L eRe eyeststan@ OY) TH Be Vas gy the diode forum and branstoviner Secondary vent aesiskance. CYs) is taken inke Guourt , then Veco =) WO, — hie (75+74) * ho Mes 2 ane +hL) Ctyyt Re #05the | ood \ ale ove 4 m the Yms Votege oo Vs 2 2 Ripple postal :- tk ie the yakio * Rens Value of; Ae Corn pore “ the oukput Vel! é GS the De Cornporent r y 3 Efgueny - the ako ac input paver he “dic oukpuk poet « Form Faker: Peak Favor Peat foot = Peak Vals a ryms, Value Ver]. 4 Fuge ware Rokr yet ° ¥% Th Conver 0m). OE Vol into & paso both hal Y vf aapleed ae ( ee, pds ff a 1% dide Yo ro anit ore hay ye colle diode other hay te 4, lege the over the applek ae wh |. xe W a ane: but bypea ob Aah? eet vedafjers he 1) Ful wore edlafien with Center tapped fyansformey and (a) Pub ware yedaper banjormer G a fudlifjer) thowk Cenbe >, 2 palin C -) Fi : jo Aw pole an J warn the aboe igue, shows | the bac dvuik and voasefoyms of - wore veckibiey with a Cenber branstprmey + 7 posite hay, 4 the ‘thpat aes anode 4; diode Py hecomes posiBre- and ab! te Same lime anode of ditle ?3 beemes i ve. Hence >i Conducts and Pz . deer ro “tte toad ubnen Flows th 3 and the Voll wit be goat to the’ tnpab Voll Pag devo P auross ReAah “a hay — ye oh input, Hem anode 4 >, Besomes ale and ‘the Griote: 24 becomes pose Ube PD dows bok Condusks Dy Conducts the load uinent | flows thyo Ba; and the doe drop ass Ry wit be equal le the Input v Ripple for: a Ki ' yz [amy “ Ns Wj =) 0 ayalable caress the ane’ Vol dc Vol a ee wi is T fo Vm Sin ot atu te Vita aces fe E Vin po), ¢ as K oe * Sy. 2 Vae avn 2 Ee ‘gh Bigg he ee * ie Codec eee Crp) dnd, the Lane Grey jncdaedl yess! tf the dude bv Nias Me K Ty. 3 Wad _aNeE fiaeny i the vakro of dc oud: pul fared krown ad reds frer ekfuey Gy) bo ae inp power Is 4 = die _oukpet ues iy Paw aay are inp prey Pace. Form gackor :- Form faster Su ee Value of out Ne averege Valut 4, oubple wes 3 Von [z leg aVn/g ale Peak fador- Peak guar = Peak! value op ovepet Voll i v ukpak Vol aes ms Var 4 1 o P ae ae Yee Vol recher 16 2Vim Peak invere Vallee oy fuk wae berome the entre Sexanchowy ee ap peay ann ss tre hon- eon diode. Reclfew using SRS Halt, wore Control Recipes + XK the SR Oo pabes like a uit thak Cold Controle the oulpel you % the seR Csiliion Controvuch redafiey) obo Eyrstor hae 3 terminals » thal are anode = cathode and % The dle of ger’ is) Silay to te ( hormal dicde a» it also operates in fovea, biwed Condition and hot operake in TENE biaed tat |INP tee bermnal device % As ie fos ik gale operate: de" a anode, Cathode and ft : t Controls the op ion ef Scr. SR prowded do the re Swit and | only opoate when the ike yo cso ¥ the Gruik anon fi a hab ware Controlled vyecks hor ave Similar & the un wrbro ld rock fyer but ditjprenk ja thak | UE! OF cep thon the. drode- He Scr operates or gorwarh biased Condition and to the De: Wided, b Converts halt eye 4 inp * tt operates onty when & ies is re the rr ScR ye) ourpuT \ Ac ° Souwe is, 4 Cun ware Controtud Revki ey -- Convert the Complde thak * ~The cywak ase jnpuk Signad Into the dic bub the dient is this Crit Aso Conkrols the orepulude of Ue Jechiel outpuk ye stn ths Grat instead of a diod esa OM moke & prert Gowit GiUgen Conbrel redsfier is en ae «Ac Soune ech fer ue SR. Nae Fa ~ bwae Gntrwlkd Rectifier positne. hat oy de - * when & posite yee oh Inpuke supply ‘is ponded bo He crit than thet rif andy Ta VRE wit be opera ax they oe in biased, Condution . %K while ScRs Ta and To Wait nok opoate un ey in a Teene. Liased mode 59 there voi be. : hown aviss He load a porte eye ob aves cbanke - de | wit bes are ReControlled Reda frer a fold yee hat, a inpuk Comes ye when nie the Sas T? and’ Te ot be ope os | The ave in for and TA wit be ih eevee biased ai At Conbygueton Colgan) of; Vol ahion he ie ns @ Load are bo mointan & ca pose OF line “vr 1S the inpae Welles Constant owkp’ vanes when Varies - the. purpose Ff lesion is hrankaio a a4 ae Sa lege cphen load Varies.Line ‘requiekion: = et ih 1D * Aine event ch hot Siqukear a oe Cw ma ain aunty crane ee LT, ma a ( Aine) val ae y alleee the quell ee soe lun Corban hat) Hane Can Be defined ou ape vag Be ee yy loo 7 ay calulaked at a on AVin* — Apod Th. eee / Inge in Bubp vatege ee OF alt ai Vinee Be ho- load oust 4 e . Fee “~~ a beplic- te ae! oubpel Vol is GOV A Oe iy ka "power Supt a4 by 300V ak ot sy ri oe ws alien PO ita! ] Ye Ton wee Voltage wegen * Vaw “Vey 190 Vee ie 00 — 30 pide 33:33 1)x} A oe Supply hos a6 Volt yegulaben is 20V 5 the jwo-lood vol! what |s ul power supply is bebbev vith lower Vat of Vollege nega fouer Spp'y ® z Van 2 Baw.) Mee* 90Y 2 fi Voll iy Wepre Vee y 100 | e 30- ae ! st 4 a4 30-8» boot” ia Povey Sippy © han bees sed Moe OPS & Voltage pegulabrenSuith mode over Sepplg Csmps).° % The de bs Ac Conerter and de Con verve botorg lo the Coleg] 4 SHS - y% the SinPs on nf foo rains, / aan sformey ot the line fra suiting Asspply’ & ae tho wing 4 “Tnpub Sone is camed “ o4ene ¥ In offline sitting Supply . the aS foains ys dave yecki ged ‘and sfibeered. and the abe vit } ko & So obtained | Suteding eype Ligh Volk lo docs aa | Fy Block diagram ew fesmpsReese Sow! Aous ot a igh tooth | 1 Dudey yale = Sol. monimusn eukpub lume dimond : Duly ye = 18-2 brent lp ame pees “Te te Ae fh lef . wore form Fy by Seng fouer Spply % the prima power yecaved from to fnoin is Yech bed and fivewred as hae te de ¥ TE is ten geaitded a a) NV rake of speek Approximately |skuz ae haz. and fed bo the primary —dowh sjorner” Side 4 a ep ¥ the fen ee Lranspomer is onty a. bation & the $iae ¢ a. Comparerble Gonz unit thus Me lhe Sire ond we prtiems the Serondary Side of the Se the! oukpe ak the Erans formney \s edi fyed and. fileered by te ouk puk of the pares Supply % then ie 's sent ¥ A somple Hig oukpas 1s ‘Sen beak be Lis: Sagitah Ee Control the? oukput V ian e P oe\ Clas sificalton 4 Sin Ps: - D there aw thee L ype oh Snes ave }< Forward Converlin A Foy bouk Convertey , Push - pall (onvere¥ Fowword Converter -- % the choke carries Uunent both cohen the Lyansisloy Is Conducing & wel ac it 9 pot ing! th ¥ the diede Games the Current dng e ore penod of Lyansisbor - x ae enerey {lows int lod during both perrods o i) # the oukpuk Votlage ye con omy be les Je in the aml - a : er unin the ON & y the choke bores wont a ~ Me | and passes sore “O44 io choke thee |S Figs Cryude dacgram ob & forward Cometerte vides \ P a ran pre lanent bo beuk Converter: - ye Tn tg, ene is skorecl entirely in be the ‘inductor ed the on ae kee a th jod the + suai tch, ( > lied cg snto the is Be i 6 ais ig in Fig Crake degen 4 uy back: Converbor - wh Converter: - Push -P Maly. Pea chen the Convenience $ ye 4 va pa Converter « res Qevalzen ig equivalen® bo tan be ps casi kuybak Tse o ecu tu - “4 os aue# oH f aber nivel .rye Push - putt Converters gakuvabien , og se then Evansister Or is in ‘ig gored in pet half a the: pm ening Carma reached 1 Male Wohen the oly visine pan tae Ly Saburabe- calth is hot y ths |b a rage | at transistor c and wey on chu bvansister &, ond 4¥ wher @, 19 ON en ) e is be Shore in the upper hat 4, ae pee dd the energy Shoveck in the immediately ise hay cyte ip the Jaer hath the bars Cohen &, 6 on) is fn cele breenshormed windin ye the eneray is Sboved abe lak the Some skme Qos geconday, 1 ™ ggtrenecol ye the Neva Square Wwaredor™ kh is Her yoda fot and Gilbewk bo qe the &e oukpuk: Ad vanleq™~” I ied is kg beware ty lew heat dissipakien Lil thee gervoey S28 vo ol ba Tae ay ep cessive oukpk Nelle gee: beckion nst % mn crus - by a quick ory qr : je pedo enbo the Supe horn : hyo haan sappy sithowk the 1 4 loge branagone” low and predium Vala7. Suoikehin Seppe can ch art Wunrequiaked gp 4, AGv ino OF oe utp of, loooy Ae Comper - Feabue s i 2 mps Aanear 0! ea eee Tempanke nse | Qo - dees ag - sort idpits Go- lot Pr one taper a + Somy Even SmV sseiblo. feng Me 03-71. lis Com! (a. drwy Yin a7 (Ts Commer | even ont Ir 36 possible Vous on co) Laghior nageien 1s diya chi RE inberfevenle. | Con bo a problem None _ funtet pepe shed rege bevel ses feribe (ove. Yes Staley shee weigh Abou bow ky 1 907 39 whg- Cost most porte, sjeuet Advantage koe Smaller ones , lt the walt ty [o-ISW 7 but IS toatl her ifs bigger Relabiuty Depenta fen 4 ‘er availebility of; nove reliable Gunlable Loyansis tow mansion Slowey Cin ms) Fuster Cio ro)Ware shaping _Ciruub: - ee bu masn bypes of ware “4 hon — lineay ements is gatledt,’ hen linear ures rincla pee ae hon —lineay * cli ippe™ and wow shagng cywik whch the = Wourtpym potion the. ym is Clppers:- The Qywub in is shaped by yemoving (ov ppin Ya the Inpet Agno tlehouk du store pein 2 oh, the atbernaking t dw alse pefgevedd “ Obpp ay AH @ Volkago Me ae limiex @ Ampitde Secee SUcars - thee are four ook Cc vied 4 capper we capper Ie Positive ppt Q° “ 3° Biased Capper and $° mbinaklen upper In a Sees pestene CLpper , * Positive chippetsns - token the Inpyk Velie is, postive » the dlede- does hot (onduc’ Pa Ned open Civudb,) ord hence the posite hat yoke dees hat apperrs at the oukpuk- the hut wy is Clipped stp wohen the input al TS et the drode- Gnouk ab ar & closed ech, (short cist) , ak the owkpk a Shunw (a) Positre hippo Cb). positive Lipper ( shank, Sewes) i ses us LN 1 Vo ' i Age H ' ! | i ) Pe * —> Fe a “Vv ; ) Out pak wareysrm bea er | Shunt positne Capper y% In the Shunk postive Capper ‘ hs is positive , diode Conducts curl aks Ha Shove) Gust and hen there is Zero pw ak the oukpuk the paste half oye is ppl pe of © : Collector Of, es QQ gon eet i yermaus 19 on stake - Aus the quasi _ stableAppeabons the dunabor & qe the Bistuble raudkivibvator : - yf bistable M Stab alse Known a ales the Grit stay ip Stakes, TF Conlifua’ | the rmwttivibsretor is external tnige pale i Ge e Fup 0 Eales Todor beat Ok pulse a. snipe is 0:64 RE lime dehay unit SILL J Gime aptey noptable: has {wo cheable al vbrakov Lhe Ue ea Trgget ce oo Boy Construckion Bistable mmubivibnato™ % Tuo dimly byansisto> @, ond g, with load resisere Ra andi Al. OF Caves Weebl = be cath other - the bot resist Ry Ht AG one jones belie eConggrion.4 Se EY ype the feed bode resister RI and Ro me shanked hy Sapte» c, nd known & Conte errd ceeOren 4 Bistable mutt vibyator: & when the Cyt is Crottched on : due imbalance &% '” Aslable , or & bo Some Cryuut the bvansistor Soy Qa Chee on , while ths jp sbable the bransistey dis Brest OFF. ce Bistable Rawlivibyate ya he bone Os Thy by oy Fee ail pane Q, Date we , a. 3 tha by tonsi “q ak the bat of js unableved. , lee und bare 7 Fie ay: nce? y bo y So of pian) Oe auen $ rie 1s nea ee or Pal te ty me raww &une is wed be gootl~ ward te mesistive load 4, asf ) Value cusrverde mt m= 5531 X10 K Dale tearm 55-81 xis? pra: ere! * +f Wwrrenk Drew > —— 2 za gr qos 1k the yee Value 2 3), 3500 CD the de nee Pace = (Tae of we Re (i777 x10) iy [Loge E> o epee is () the ae Tees inp Pari (ts), 26it / = (47-405 % 197 4 +Re) 2) + yaoo = 33}Ca) Eyyeieny Tks Poe 2 bes P. JV ae x too 1. = 33-)- fae fee 4 Apo wswe ts capped 4 han qy sk). Find the marumum tunene , Vipple beer, A Vol tec wrth lead vyesis tan @ dic Curent Comporant , TUF > and vyech ber eypaery = doo tos WE rms Given oT Vin = 300V, Rp = TR i) To find dic wuanenk : ap ge Mein eo Hee AL 5K 10 es there Tae ~ im = borin = 1872 mr * K turent™ 3. CODE. Te find yms = Im = dom ieee a 2 Co) Rapp PO (=): > ese) fay BOR = 1 feival Cd) To dbexreant “rue: ( franapgser volar? i) TES Pae Pare (rake) el Hie oe Tae Rg (1978 xo?) Ke xl a Bk AvO 0 Kid, 9-9 Pare (valed ) = Vif, SES = x 2 7 ve yy' Tur = ee Oa = ott Pee Cmte) A Gas | (a) Recker egy ; be Pae | P Pae = O81 bes Cay come = 4w Pa-e im Yims | 4 9 a) & !o0 = gost a duliwer> Sow Ay et xT oF une Te Ti Dae eg the load \ a ae Noo Neabuudet: ¥ ae MPP sr: Td - | eek the ae ae ed Lv Fe = de Re El Pie Rhee [eoxuse = JooVaens (posnarp 2 430v , an es i: = loot ae Cpareey) = pins See aver end 5 euondoy © Venere), = a s wre A View ( ( Secondo) Ng ee ae a sexons a aa m bee ‘y = 43N Fe ne Ve Vans (sexed) on he 39-59 V te 2 Mit 3853 = 0-3AS3* i pit Ret hE Joo tot \ Tae, % gis 4 Le goaeF 4 o-AoTl & a ee tee (a) Mag ® Tay FPG : o-go7l he = gor \ 2 ob V } bry 2 a Vin 2 DK 3a78 S peg 3 aa (2) Pae * Ty Re (097) ¥ I a a 2 (wD, satfae 44 2 4484 giao > 4951 x 100 Heaths eat Sp aN a eet ar ie gi.07 I: hi ae ware eck fre Uywt We bro odes with a forward yestone of for eah, A dc Volkimebey arse the lead of; [ka wads 55-4 Vole cata abe oss ath diode Volt ae (a) Drm © ave ko) pp ert mil depres Seana aa Sh pa = eee aed Re — € (2) ye a Vae ¥ 55: = Sua) me G y RL) go + 19°? eae Qin ont thle 22% we know thok » Ca aaa ve : es Hee = 95ea) IA fC Aaa 2 TH. = = . Saari = 60-34 Me ic aes ea Siluon diode () te Ae oe wit be 7a (To nd pp fabs I (ey pa gvr '(d) Pry ove’ (4) Te bd {ransJon mey Serondany Vang Swi = am q AV Tae (45 4%) Vave * here iv; jg diode foward jeastane Ys is branagerrret Gevordan waindinf vesistan Lan Aen = 543) x10 y Don * Set - ayn — 1086 boy Ehotk ~ avm ie 66-44 = ANm Kx thevejove a Wee seem ae refer Vm 4x & Vara * Va, 2) 891 Gary V ene NG 2 Gs 7 sc a (bE) de cure youd Co) de yover duuecerd Cah diode(ww) Peds. EL aueny i, os 2 (4) vecteaon eyyuerty [ok ats 7 ao Yang fo oy leg Yew V i fee the dee ee aus V ac = 4o1V ) (s) +h ; ce se be ier ree (tax) ARE (9,07 KRU 2) K od ne aD seg cae ee 7 frome Bo crt toed cet tt) (000 wae dead a BN? a Ae = sv (4) te piv ane le) Ripple Vol : 7 re ' iat Veyma = V Obs) (ag) Preguea quenyy ‘pple ¢ re od BON ind oy 4) Retbaprcabon i 7 oy Bi tes = Cee. a3 (Ve) / RE = 6 Vac) = (4o- 1) = 493-49 $e og!