Chapter 5 - Vitamins
Chapter 5 - Vitamins
Chapter 5 - Vitamins
CHAPTER 5
VITAMINS
ITAMINS
19. The structure shown below is of 28. One international unit (I.U) of vitamin D
is defined as the biological activity of
(A) Cholecalciferol
(A) 0.025 µg of cholecalciferol
(B) 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol
(B) 0.025 µg of 7-dehydrocholecalciferol
(C) Ergocalciferol
(C) 0.025 µg of ergosterol
(D) 7-Dehydrocholesterol
(D) 0.025 µg of ergocalciferol
VITAMINS 113
29. The β-ring of 7-dehydrocholesterol is 38. All the following conditions produce a real
cleaved to form cholecalciferol by or functional deficiency of vitamin K
except
(A) Infrared light
(B) Dim light (A) Prolonged oral, broad spectrum antibiotic
therapy
(C) Ultraviolet irridation with sunlight
(B) Total lack of red meat in the diet
(D) Light of the tube lights
(C) The total lack of green leafy vegetables in
30. Calcitriol synthesis involves the diet
(A) Both liver and kidney (D) Being a new born infant
(B) Intestine 39. Vitamin K is found in
(C) Adipose tissue (A) Green leafy plants (B) Meat
(D) Muscle (C) Fish (D) Milk
31. Insignificant amount of Vitamin E is 40. Function of Vitamin A:
present in
(A) Healing epithelial tissues
(A) Wheat germ oil (B) Sunflower seed oil
(B) Protein synthesis regulation
(C) Safflower seed oil (D) Fish liver oil (C) Cell growth
32. The activity of tocopherols is destroyed (D) All of these
by
41. Vitamin K2 was originally isolated from
(A) Commercial cooking
(A) Soyabean (B) Wheat gram
(B) Reduction
(C) Alfa Alfa (D) Putrid fish meal
(C) Conjugation
(D) All of these 42. Vitamin synthesized by bacterial in the
intestine is
33. The requirement of vitamin E is increased (A) A (B) C
with greater intake of
(C) D (D) K
(A) Carbohydrates
43. Vitamin K is involved in posttranslational
(B) Proteins
modification of the blood clotting factors
(C) Polyunsaturated fat by acting as cofactor for the enzyme:
(D) Saturated fat
(A) Carboxylase (B) Decarboxylase
34. Vitamin E reduces the requirement of (C) Hydroxylase (D) Oxidase
(A) Iron (B) Zinc 44. Vitamin K is a cofactor for
(C) Selenium (D) Magnesium
(A) Gamma carboxylation of glutamic acid
35. The most important natural antioxidant residue
is (B) β-Oxidation of fatty acid
(A) Vitamin D (B) Vitamin E (C) Formation of γ-amino butyrate
(C) Vitamin B12 (D) Vitamin K (D) Synthesis of tryptophan
47. In the individuals who are given liberal 56. Both Wernicke’s disease and beriberi can
quantities of vitamin C, the serum ascorbic be reversed by administrating
acid level is (A) Retinol (B) Thiamin
(A) 1–1.4 µg/100 ml (C) Pyridoxine (D) Vitamin B12
(B) 2–4 µg/100 ml
57. The Vitamin B1 deficiency causes
(C) 1–10 µg/100 ml
(A) Ricket (B) Nyctalopia
(D) 10–20 µg/100 ml
(C) Beriberi (D) Pellagra
48. The vitamin which would most likely
become deficient in an individual who 58. Concentration of pyruvic acid and lactic
develop a completely carnivorous life acid in blood is increased due to deficiency
style is of the vitamin
85. Deficiency of vitamin B6 may occur in 93. The cofactor or its derivative required for
the conversion of acetyl CoA to malonyl-
(A) Obese person (B) Thin person
CoA is
(C) Alcoholics (D) Diabetics
(A) FAD (B) ACP
86. ‘Xanthurenic acid index’ is a reliable (C) NAD+ (D) Biotin
criterion for the deficiency of the vitamin
94. A cofactor required in oxidative decarbox-
(A) Pyridoxal (B) Thiamin ylation of pyruvate is
(C) Pantothenic acid (D) Cobalamin (A) Lipoate
87. Epileptiform convulsion in human infants (B) Pantothenic acid
have been attributed to the deficiency of (C) Biotin
the vitamin (D) Para aminobenzoic acid
(A) B1 (B) B2 95. The central structure of B12 referred to as
(C) B6 (D) B 12 corrin ring system consists of
(A) Cobalt (B) Manganese
88. Biotin is a coenzyme of the enzyme
(C) Magnesium (D) Iron
(A) Carboxylase (B) Hydroxylase
(C) Decarboxylase (D) Deaminase 96. The central heavy metal cobalt of vitamin
B12 is coordinately bound to
89. The coenzyme required for conversion of (A) Cyanide group (B) Amino group
pyruvate to oxaloacetate is (C) Carboxyl group (D) Sulphide group
(A) FAD (B) NAD
97. Vitamin B12 has a complex ring structure
(C) TPP (D) Biotin (corrin ring) consisting of four
90. In biotin-containing enzymes, the biotin (A) Purine rings (B) Pyrimidine rings
is bound to the enzyme by (C) Pyrrole rings (D) Pteridine rings
(A) An amide linkage to carboxyl group of 98. Emperical formula of cobalamin is
glutamine
(A) C63H 88N 12O14P.CO
(B) A covalent bond with CO2 (B) C61H 82N 12O12P.CO
(C) An amide linkage to an amino group of lysine (C) C61H 88N 12O14P.CO
(D) An amide linkage to α-carboxyl group of (D) C63H 88N 14O14P.CO
protein
99. A deficiency of vitamin B12 causes
91. A molecule of CO2 is captured by biotin (A) Beri-Beri
when it acts as coenzyme for carboxyla-
(B) Scurvy
tion reaction. The carboxyl group is co-
(C) Perniciuos anemia
valently attached to
(D) Ricket
(A) A nitrogen (N1) of the biotin molecule
(B) Sulphur of thiophene ring 100. Vitamin B12 deficiency can be diagnosed
by urinary excretion of
(C) α-Amino group of lysine
(A) Pyruvate (B) Methylmalonate
(D) α-Amino group of protein
(C) Malate (D) Lactate
92. Consumption of raw eggs can cause
deficiency of 101. Subacute combined degeneration of cord
is caused due to deficiency of
(A) Biotin (B) Pantothenic acid
(A) Niacin (B) Cobalamin
(C) Riboflavin (D) Thiamin
(C) Biotin (D) Thiamin
VITAMINS 117
102. Vitamin required for metabolism of diols 110. Thiamin deficiency includes
e.g. conversion of ethylene glycol to (A) Mental depression (B) Fatigue
acetaldehyde is
(C) Beriberi (D) All of these
(A) Thiamin (B) Cobalamin
(C) Pyridoxine (D) Folic acid 111. Thiamin diphosphate is required for
oxidative decarboxylation of
103. Both folic acid and methyl cobalamin
(A) α-Keto acids (B) α-Amino acids
(vitamin B12) are required in
(C) Fatty acids (D) All of these
(A) Deamination of serine
(B) Deamination of threonine 112. Loss of thiamin can be decreased by using
(C) Conversion of pyridoxal phosphate to (A) Unpolished rice
pyridoxamine phosphate (B) Parboiled rice
(D) Methylation of homocystein to methionine (C) Whole wheat flour
104. Folic acid or folate consists of the (D) All of these
(A) Base pteridine, p-amino benzoic acid and 113 . Daily requirement of thiamin is
asparate (A) 0.1 mg/1,000 Calories
(B) Base purine, p-amino benzoic acid and (B) 0.5 mg/1,000 Calories
glutamate
(C) 0.8 mg/1,000 Calories
(C) Base pteridine, p-amino benzoic acid and
(D) 1.0 mg/1,000 Calories
glutamate
(D) Base purine, p-hydroxy benzoic acid and 114. Thiamin requirement is greater in
glutamate (A) Non-vegetarians
105. Folate as a coenzyme is involved in the (B) Alcoholics
transfer and utilization of (C) Pregnant women
(A) Amino group (D) Both B and C
(B) Hydroxyl group
115. People consuming polished rice as their
(C) Single carbon moiety staple food are prone to
(D) Amido group
(A) Beriberi (B) Pellagra
106. Folic acid deficiency can be diagnosed by (C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of these
increased urinary excretion of
116. Riboflavin is heat stable in
(A) Methylmalonate (B) Figlu
(A) Acidic medium (B) Alkaline medium
(C) Cystathionine (D) Creatinine
(C) Neutral medium (D) Both (A) and (C)
107. Sulpha drugs interfere with bacterial
synthesis of 117. FAD is a coenzyme for
(A) Lipoate (B) Vitamin E (A) Succinate dehydrogenase
(C) Tetrahydrofolate (D) Ascorbic acid (B) Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
(C) Sphingosine reductase
108. Folate deficiency causes
(D) All of these
(A) Microcytic anemia
(B) Hemolytic anemia 118. Riboflavin deficiency can cause
(C) Iron deficiency anemia (A) Peripheral neuritis (B) Diarrhoea
(D) Megaloblastic anemia (C) Angular stomatitis (D) None of these
122. NAD is required as a coenzyme for 131. Coenzyme A contains a nitrogenous base
which is
(A) Malate dehydrogenase
(B) Succinate dehydrogenase (A) Adenine (B) Guanine
(C) Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (C) Choline (D) Ethanolamine
(D) HMG CoA reductae 132. The following is required for the formation
123. NAD is required as a conenzyme in of coenyzme A:
(A) Citric acid cycle (A) ATP (B) GTP
(B) HMP shunt (C) CTP (D) None of these
(C) β-Oxidation of fatty acids
133. Coenzyme A is required for catabolism of
(D) Both (A) and (C)
(A) Leucine (B) Isoleucine
124. Niacin can be synthesised in human
(C) Valine (D) All of these
beings from
(A) Histidine (B) Phenylalanine 134. Deficiency of pantothenic acid in human
(C) Tyrosine (D) Tryptophan beings can affect
(A) Nervous system (B) Digestive system
125. Daily requirement of niacin is
(C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of these
(A) 5 mg (B) 10 mg
(C) 20 mg (D) 30 mg 135. Pyridoxal phosphate is a coenzyme for
126. Niacin deficiency is common in people (A) Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase
whose staple food is (B) Glutamate pyruvate transaminase
(A) Wheat (C) Tyrosine transaminase
(B) Polished rice (D) All of these
(C) Maize and /or sorghum
136. Pyridoxal phosphate is required as a
(D) None of these
coenzyme in
127. In pellagra, dermatitis usually affects (A) Transamination (B) Transulphuration
(A) Exposed parts of body (C) Desulphydration (D) All of these
(B) Covered parts of body
137. Pyridoxal phosphate is a coenzyme for
(C) Trunk only
(D) All parts of the body (A) Glycogen synthetase
(B) Phosphorylase
128. Niacin deficiency can occur in
(C) Both (A) and (B)
(A) Hartnup disease (B) Phenylketonuria
(D) None of these
(C) Alkaptonuria (D) None of these
138. Pyridoxine deficiency can be diagnosed
129. Pantothenic acid contains an amino acid
by measuring urinary excretion of
which is
(A) Pyruvic acid (B) Oxaloacetic acid
(A) Aspartic acid (B) Glutamic acid
(C) Xanthurenic acid (D) None of these
(C) β-Alanine (D) β-Aminoisobutyric acid
VITAMINS 119
142. When eggs are cooked 150. Vitamin B12 forms coenzymes known as
(A) Biotin is destroyed but avidin remains (A) Cobamide (B) Transcobalamin I
unaffected (C) Transcobalamin II (D) Both (B) and (C)
(B) Avidin is inactivated but biotin remains 151. Methylcobalamin is required for forma-
unaffected tion of
(C) Both avidin and biotin are inactivated (A) Serin from glycine
(D) Both avidin and biotin remain unaffected (B) Glycine from serine
143. Biotin is required as a coenzyme by (C) Methionine from homocysteine
(D) All of these
(A) Anaerobic dehydrogenases
(B) Decarboxylases 152. Absorption of Vitamin B12 requires the
presence of
(C) Aerobic dehydrogenases
(A) Pepsin (B) Hydrochloric acid
(D) Carboxylases
(C) Intrinsic factor (D) Boh (B) and (C)
144. Biotin is a coenzyme for
153. Intrinsic factor is chemically a
(A) Pyruvate carboxylase
(A) Protein
(B) Acetyl CoA carboxylase
(B) Glycoprotein
(C) Propionyl CoA carboxylase
(C) Mucopolysaccaride
(D) All of these
(D) Peptide
145. Lipoic acid is a conenzyme for 154. Chemically, Extrinsic Factor of Castle is a
(A) Pyruvate dehydrogenase (A) Mucoprotein
(B) α-Ketoglutarate dehydrogenae (B) Glycoprotein
(C) Both (A) and (B) (C) Mucopolysaccharide
(D) None of these (D) Cyanocobalaminm
146. Chemically, lipoic acid is 155. Vitamin B12 is
(A) Saturated fatty acid (A) Not stored in the body
(B) Unsaturated fatty acid (B) Stored in bone marrow
(C) Amino acid (C) Stored in liver
(D) Sulphur containing fatty acid (D) Stored in RE cells
120 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY
174. Two molecules of vitamin A can be formed 183. Retinol isomerase is present in
from 1 molecule of (A) Retina (B) Liver
(A) α-Carotene (B) β-Carotene (C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of these
(C) γ-Carotene (D) All of these
184. Anti-oxidant activity is present in
175. Conversion of β-carotene into retinal (A) β-Carotene (B) Retinol
requires the presence of (C) Retinoic acid (D) All of these
(A) β-Carotene dioxygenase
185. One international Unit of vitamin A is the
(B) Bile salts activity present in
(C) Molecular oxygen
(A) 0.3 µg of β-Carotene
(D) All of these
(B) 0.3 µg of retinol
176. Conversion of retinal into ritonal requires (C) 0.6 µg of retinoic acid
the presence of (D) All of these
(A) NADH (B) NADPH 186. Daily requirement of vitamin A in an adult
(C) FADH2 (D) Lipoic acid man can be expressed as
177. Retinal is converted into retinoic acid in (A) 400 IU (B) 1,000 IU
the presence of (C) 5,000 IU (D) 10,000 IU
(A) Retinal oxidase (B) Retinal carboxylase 187. Vitamin B6 includes
(C) Retinene reductase(D) Spontaneously (A) Pyridoxal (B) Pyridoxamine
178. Vitamin A absorbed in intestine is (C) Pyridoxine (D) All of these
released into 188. An early effect of vitamin a deficiency is
(A) Portal circulation (B) Lacteals (A) Xerophthalmia
(C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of these (B) Keratomalacia
179. Vitamin A is stored in the body in (C) Prolonged dark adaptation time
(D) Follicular hyperkeratosis
(A) Liver
(B) Adipose tissue 189. Nyctalopia is
(C) Reticuloendothelial cells (A) Drying of eyes
(D) All of these (B) Destruction of cornea
(C) Blindness
180. Rhodopsin contains opsin and
(D) Inability to see in dimlight
(A) 11-cis-retinal (B) 11-trans-retinal
(C) All-cis-retinal (D) All trans-retinal 190. Rod cells possess a trans-membrane
protein which is
181. When light falls on rod cells
(A) Adenylate cyclase (B) Transducin
(A) All-cis-retinal is converted into all-trans-retinal (C) Rhodopsin (D) B as well as C
(B) 11-cis-retinal is converted into 11-trans-retinal
191. Provitamins A include
(C) 11-trans-retinal is converted into all-trans-
retinal (A) Retinal (B) Retionic acid
(C) Carotenes (D) All of these
(D) 11-cis-retinal is converted into all-trans-retinal
192. Retinoic acid can
182. Conversion of all-trans-retinal into all-
trans-retinol requires (A) Act as a photo receptor
(A) NAD (B) NADH (B) Support growth and differentiation
(C) Act as an anti-oxidant
(C) NADP (D) NADPH
(D) None of these
122 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY
193. Prosthetic group in cone cell phototrecep- 202. Calcitriol inhibits the conversion of
tors is
(A) Cholesterol into 7-dehydrocholesterol
(A) Iodine (B) Opsin (B) Cholecalciferol into 1-hydroxycholecalciferol
(C) 11-cis-retinal (D) all-trans-retinal (C) Cholecalciferol into 25-hydroxycholecalcifer-
194. Retinoic acid is involved in the synthesis ol
of (D) 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol into 1,25- dihydrox-
(A) Rhodopsin (B) Iodopsin ycholecalciferol
(C) Porphyrinopsin (D) Glycoproteins 203. Bowlegs and knock-knees can occur in
195 Transducin is a (A) Rickets (B) Osteomalacia
(A) Signal transducer (B) Stimulatory G-protein (C) Both A and B (D) Hypervitaminosis D
(C) Trimer (D) All of these 204. Calcification of soft tissues can occur in
196. Provitamin D3 is (A) Osteomalacia
(A) Cholecalciferol (B) Rickets
(B) Ergosterol (C) Hypervitaminosis D
(C) 7-Dehydrocholesterol (D) None of these
(D) Ergocaliferol 205. Levels of serum calcium and inorganic
197. Ergosterol is found in phosphorus are increased in
(A) Animals (B) Plants (A) Hypervitaminosis D
(C) Bacteria (D) All of these (B) Hypoparathyroidism
(C) Hypovitaminosis D
198. A provitamin D synthesized in human
beings is (D) None of these
(A) Ergosterol 206. Requirement of vitamin E increases with
(B) 7-Dehydrocholesterol the increasing intake of
(C) Cholecalciferol (A) Calories (B) Proteins
(D) 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol (C) PUFA (D) Cholesterol
199. 25-Hydroxylation of vitamin D occurs in 207. In human beings, vitamin E prevents
(A) Skin (B) Liver (A) Sterility
(C) Kidneys (D) Intestinal mucosa
(B) Hepatic necrosis
200. Tubular reabsorption of calcium is (C) Muscular dystrophy
increased by (D) None of these
(A) Cholecalciferol
208. Vitamin E protects
(B) 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol
(C) Calcitriol (A) Polyunsaturated fatty acids against
aperoxidation
(D) All of these
(B) Vitamin A and carotenes against oxidation
201. Parathormone is required for the conver-
(C) Lung tissue against atmospheric pollutants
sion of
(D) All of these
(A) Cholecalciferol into 1-hydroxycholecalciferol
(B) Cholecalciferol into 25-hydroxycholecalcifer- 209. Intestinal bacteria can synthesise
ol (A) Phyllogquinone (B) Farnoquinone
(C) 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol into calcitriol (C) Both (A) and (B) (D) Menadione
(D) Cholesterol into 7-dehydrocholesterol
VITAMINS 123
210. A water soluble form of vitamin K is 220. The performed Vitamin A is supplied by
foods such as
(A) Phylloquinone (B) Farnoquinone
(C) Menadione (D) None of these (A) Butter (B) Eggs
(C) Fish liver oil (D) All of these
211. Prothrombin time is prolonged in
221. The non-protein part of rhodopsin is
(A) Vitamin K deficiency
(A) Retinal (B) Retinol
(B) Liver damage
(C) Carotene (D) Repsin
(C) Both (A) and (B)
(D) None of these 222. Lumirhodopsin is stable only at a
temperature below
212. A synthetic form of vitamin K is
(A) –35°C (B) –40°C
(A) Menadione (B) Farnoquinone
(C) –45°C (D) –50°C
(C) Phylloquinone (D) None of these
223 The normal concentration of vitamin A in
213. Retinal is reduced to retinol by retinene blood in I.V/dl:
reductase in presence of the coenzyme
(A) 20–55 (B) 24–60
(A) NAD+ (B) NADP+ (C) 30–65 (D) 35–70
(C) NADH + H+ (D) NADPH + H+
224. Continued intake of excessive amounts of
214. Retinal exists as an ester with higher fatty vitamin A especially in children produces
acids in the (A) Irritability (B) Anorexia
(A) Liver (B) Kidney (C) Headache (D) All of these
(C) Lung (D) All of these
225. Vitamin D2 is also said to be
215. Retinol is transported to the blood as (A) Activated ergosterol
retinol attached to
(B) Fergocalciferol
(A) α1-globulin (B) α2-globulin (C) Viosterol
(C) β-globulin (D) γ-globulin (D) All of these
216. Carotenes are transported with the 226. The poor sources of vitamin D:
(A) Minerals (B) Proteins (A) Eggs (B) Butter
(C) Lipids (D) Lipoproteins (C) Milk (D) Liver
217. The drugs that form complexes with 227. The activity of tocopherols is destroyed
pyridoxal are by
(A) Isoniazid (B) Penicillamine (A) Oxidation (B) Reduction
(C) Rifampicin (D) Both (A) and (B) (C) Conjugation (D) All of these
218. In the blood the vitamin esters are 228 Some tocopherols are
attached to (A) Terpenoid in structure
(A) α1-lipoproteins (B) α2-lipoproteins (B) Dional in structure
(C) β-lipoproteins (D) γ-lipoproteins (C) Isoprenoid in structure
219. The percentage of Vitamin A in the form (D) Farnesyl in structure
of esters is stored in the liver: 229. The methyl groups in the aromatic nucleus
(A) 80 (B) 85 of a tocopherols are
(C) 90 (D) 95 (A) 2 (B) 3
(C) 4 (D) 5
124 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY
249. A non essential amino acid is not 257. Milk contains very poor amounts of
(A) Absorbed in the intestines (A) Calcium (B) Phosphate
(B) Required in the diet (C) Iron (D) Riboflavin
(C) Incorporated into the protein 258. Egg contains very little
(D) Metabolized by the body
(A) Fat
250. The deficiency of Vitamin B12 leads to (B) Proteins
(A) Pernicious anaemia (C) Carbohydrates
(B) Megablastic anaemia (D) Calcium and phosphorus
(C) Both (A) and (B) 259. BMR (Basal Metabolic rate) is elevated in
(D) None of these (A) Hyper thyroidism (B) Under nutrition
251. Which among the following is a nutrition- (C) Starvation (D) Hypothyroidism
ally essential amino acid for man? 260. Soyabean proteins are rich in
(A) Alanine (B) Glycine (A) Lysine (B) Alanine
(C) Tyrosine (D) Isoleucine (C) Glcyine (D) Aspartic acid
252. The maximum specific dynamic action of 261. Corn and gliadin are low in
food stuff is exerted by
(A) Lysine (B) Alanine
(A) carbohydrates (B) fats (C) Glycine (D) Aspartic acid
(C) proteins (D) vitamins
262. What is the disease caused by thiamine
253. The essential amino acids deficiency?
(A) must be supplied in the diet because the (A) Nycalopia (B) Scurvy
organism has lost the capacity to aminate the (C) Rickets (D) Beriberi
corresponding ketoacids
263. Retinol and retinol –binding protein (RBP)
(B) must be supplied in the diet because the
bound with this protein:
human has an impaired ability to synthesize
the carbon chain of the corresponding (A) Albumin (B) Prealbumin
ketoacids (C) α2-globulin (D) β-globulin
(C) are identical in all species studied 264. Megaloblastic anemia is caused by the
(D) are defined as these amino acids which deficiency of
cannot be synthesized by the organism at a (A) Folic acid (B) Vitamin B6
rate adequate to meet metabolic requirements
(C) Iron (D) Protein
254. Fibre in the diet is beneficial in
265. This vitamin acts as anti-oxidant:
(A) Hyper glycemia (A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin D
(B) Hyper cholseteremia (C) Vitamin E (D) Vitamin K
(C) Colon cancer
266. Calcitriol is
(D) All of these
(A) 1-OH-cholecalciferol
255 Sucrose intolerance leads to
(B) 25-OH-cholecalciferol
(A) Hyper glycemia (B) Glycosuria (C) 24, 25-diOH cholecalciferol
(C) Diarrhoea (D) Hypoglycemia (D) 1, 25-diOH cholecalciferol
256. There can be intolerance with respect to 267. 1-hydroxylation of 25-OH vitamin D3
the following sugar: takes place in
(A) Glucose (B) Lactose (A) Liver (B) Kidneys
(C) Maltose (D) Xylose (C) Intestine (D) Pancreas
126 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY
268. 25-hydroxylation of vitamin D3 takes 279. This abnormal metabolite may be respon-
place in sible for the neurological manifestation
(A) Liver (B) Kidneys of pernicious anemia:
(C) Intestine (D) Pancreas (A) Taurine (B) Methyl malonic acid
(C) Xantherunic acid (D) Phenyl pyruvic acid
269. Hydroxylation of 25-hydroxy chole-
calciferol is promoted by 280. The vitamin in leafy vegetables:
(A) Cytochrome - a (B) Parathyroid hormone (A) D (B) K
(C) Cytochrome-b (D) CAMP (C) A (D) Both (B) and (C)
270. The egg injury factor in raw egg white is 281. Isonicotinic acid hydrazide given in the
(A) Biotin (B) Avidin treatment of tuberculosis may lead to a
deficiency of
(C) Albumin (D) Calcium salts
(A) Vitamin A (B) Pyridoxin
271. The following has cyanide:
(C) Folate (D) Inositol
(A) Vitamin B12
282. Biotin is required for the reaction of CO2
(B) Adenyl cobamide
with
(C) Benzimidazole cobamide
(A) Water
(D) Methyl cobamide
(B) Acetyl CoA
272. The human species can biosynthesize (C) NH3
(A) Vitamin C (B) Vitamin B12 (D) Incorporation of carbon 6 in purine
(C) Thiamine (D) Niacin
283. A deficiency of folate leads to
273. Retina contains this photosensitive (A) Megaloblastic anemia
pigment: (B) Aplastic anemia
(A) Rhodopsin (B) Opsin (C) Pernicious anemia
(C) Retinol (D) Melanin (D) Hypochromic microcytic anemia
274. Anti xerophthalmic vitamin is 284. A deficiency of Iron leads to
(A) Vitamin B1 (B) Vitamin B2 (A) Megaloblastic anemia
(C) Vitamin B6 (D) Vitamin A (B) Aplastic anemia
275. One of the following is not a symptom of (C) Pernicious anemia
addison’s disease. (D) Hypochromic microcytic anemia
(A) Hypoglycemia (B) Hyponatremia 285. Corninoid coenzymes are coenzymes of
(C) Hypokalemia (D) Hypochoremia (A) Vitamin B12 (B) Vitamin B6
276. Gammaxane is an antimetabolite of (C) Vitamin B2 (D) Vitamin B1
(A) Thiamine (B) Riboflavin 286. Vitamin B12 initially binds to the proteins
(C) Pyridoxin (D) Inositol known as
(A) Transcobalamin I
277. Pyridoxin deficiency may lead to convul-
sions as it is needed for the synthesis of (B) R-Proteins
(C) Transcobalamin II
(A) GABA (B) PABA
(D) Intrinsic factor of castle
(C) EFA (D) SAM
287. Extrinsic factor of castle is
278. Sulpha drugs are antimetabolities of
(A) Vitamin B12 (B) Glycoprotein
(A) Vitamin K (B) Pyridoxin
(C) R-Proteins (D) Sigma protein
(C) Folic acid (D) Vitamin B2
VITAMINS 127
288. Intrinsic factor of castle is 297. Convulsive episodes occur when there is
(A) Vitamin B12 (B) Glycoprotein a severe deficiency of
(C) R-Proteins (D) Sigma protein (A) Pyridoxine (B) Folic acid
(C) Thiamine (D) Riboflavin
289. Pernicious means
298. Metastatic classification is seen in hyper-
(A) Prolonged (B) Dangerous
vitaminosis:
(C) Intermittent (D) Idiopathic
(A) A (B) K
290. Reduction of D-ribonucleotides to D- (C) D (D) E
deoxy ribonucleotides in prokaryotes
requires 299. The anti vitamin for para aminobenzoic
acid is
(A) 5, 6 dimethyl benzimidazole cobamide
(B) Thioredoxin (A) Aminopterin (B) Dicoumarol
(C) Tetra hydrobiopterin (C) Sulphonamides (D) Thiopanic acid
(D) Tetra hydrofolate 300. Several pantothenic acid deficiency in
man has been reported to cause
291. Biotin is also known as
(A) Burning feet syndrome
(A) Anti egg white injury factor
(B) Scurvy
(B) Rutin
(C) Cataract
(C) Both (A) and (B)
(D) Xerophthalmia
(D) None of these
301. Cholesterol is a precursor in the biogene-
292. Angular stomatosis is due to sis of
(A) Ariboflavinoses (A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin D
(B) Deficiency of Vitamin C (C) Vitamin E (D) None of these
(C) Deficiency of Vitamin B1
302. This vitamin is a potent antioxidant of
(D) Deficiency of folate
vitamin A:
293. One of the main functions of Vitamin K is (A) Vitamin C (B) Vitamin E
cofactor for
(C) Vitamin K (D) Vitamin D
(A) Carboxylate for the formation of γ
carboxyglutamate 303. In retinal rickets, the following hydro-
xylation of Vitamin D3 does not take place:
(B) Methylation of δ-adenosyl methionine
(C) Carboxylation of biotin (A) 25 (B) 1
(C) 24 (D) 7
(D) One carbon transfer by tetrahydrofolate
304. The following does not have phosphorous:
294. Prothrombin time is prolonged by
administering (A) Riboflavin (B) TPP
(A) Vitamin K (B) Dicoumarol (C) NAD+ (D) COASH
(C) Calcium (D) Prothrombin 305. Convulsions and delirium could be caused
by a severe deficiency of
295. This vitamin acts as antioxidant.
(A) Thiamine (B) Glutamate
(A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin D
(C) Niacin (D) Magnesium
(C) Vitamin E (D) Vitamin K
306. Rice polishings contain this vitamin:
296. This is a photo-labile vitamin.
(A) Riboflavin (B) Niacin
(A) Thiamine (B) Riboflavin
(C) Thiamine (D) Vitamin B12
(C) Niacin (D) Cholecalciferol
128 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY
307. In beri beri there will be accumulation of 316. Taurinuria may be encountered in
_______ in blood. (A) Permicious anemia (B) Beriberi
(A) Aceto acetic acid (B) β-OH butyric acid (C) Pellegra (D) Folate deficiency
(C) Pyruvic acid (D) Methyl malonic acid 317. The three vitamins which are specially
308. Symptoms of pellagra are required for proper nerve functions are
acid:
(A) Dermatitis and diarrhea only
(A) Thiamine, niacin and riboflavin
(B) Dermatitis and dementia only
(B) Thiamine, folic acid, choline
(C) Diarrhea, dermatitis and dementia
(C) Thiamine, riboflavin, patothenic acid
(D) Diarrhea and elements only
(D) Thiamine, pyridoxin, vitamin B12
309. Pyridoxine deficiency leads to
318. This is a rich source for vitamin C.
(A) Megaloblastic anemia
(A) Rice (B) Milk
(B) Aplastic anemia
(C) Egg (D) Lemon
(C) Hypochromic microcytic anemia
(D) Permicious anemia 319. The following vitamin is involved in
coenzyme function in transaminations:
310. The significant ocular lesion in arbo (A) Nicotinamide (B) Pyridoxine
flovinosis:
(C) Thiamine (D) Riboflavin
(A) Keratomalacia
320. Methyl malonic aciduria is seen in the
(B) Bitot’s spots
deficiency of
(C) Vascularisation of the cornea
(A) Vitamin B6 (B) Folic acid
(D) lachrymal metaplasia
(C) Thiamine (D) Vitamin B12
311. Irradiation of foods raises the content of
321. Deficiency of Vitamin C leads to
(A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin D
(A) Rickets (B) Scurvy
(C) Vitamin E (D) Vitamin K (C) Night blindness (D) All of these
312. An anti-vitamin for folic acid is 322. If no primer DNA was given, the following
(A) Amethoptesin (B) Dicoumarol scientist could not have synthesized DNA.
(C) Pyrithoamine (D) Isoniazid (A) Ochoa (B) Okazaki
313. Thymine is (C) Kornberg (D) Monod
326. Humans most easily tolerate a lack of 335. Vitamins that function as dinucleotide
which of the following nutrients? derivatives include all the following
except
(A) Protein (B) Iodine
(C) Carbohydrate (D) Lipid (A) Thiamine (B) Niacin
(C) Nicotinate (D) Vitamin B2
327. A deficiency of vitamin B12 causes
336. Methyl malonic aciduria is seen in a
(A) Cheliosis (B) Beriberi
deficiency of
(C) Pernicious anemia (D) Scurvy
(A) Vitamin B6 (B) Folic acid
328. In adults a severe deficiency of vitamin D (C) Thiamine (D) Vitamin B12
causes
337. What is the disease caused by thiamine
(A) Night blindness (B) Osteomalacia
deficiency?
(C) Rickets (D) Skin cancer
(A) Nyctalopia (B) Scurvy
329. Which of the following vitamins would (C) Rickets (D) Beriberi
most likely become deficient in a person
who develops a completely carnivorous 338. Retinol and Retinol binding protein are
life style? bound with this protein:
334. Which of the following vitamins is the 344. Hydroxylation of 25-hydroxy cholecalcif-
precurssor of CoA? erol is promoted by
(A) Riboflavin (B) Pantothenate (A) Cytochrome A (B) Panthyroid hormone
(C) Thiamine (D) Cobamide (C) Cytochrome b (D) cAMP
130 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY
345. The egg injury factor in raw egg white is 356. Isonicotinic acid hydrazide given in the
(A) Biotin (B) Avidin treatment of tuberculosis may lead to a
deficiency of
(C) Albumin (D) Calcium salts
(A) Vitamin A (B) Pyridoxin
346. The following has cyanide: (C) Folate (D) Inositol
(A) Vitamin B12
357. Steroidal prohormone is
(B) Adenyl cobamide
(A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin C
(C) Benzimidazole cobamide
(C) Vitamin D (D) None of these
(D) Methyl cobamide
358. A deficiency of folate leads to
347. The human species can biosynthesize
(A) Megaloblastic anemia
(A) Vitamin C (B) Vitamin B12
(B) Aplastic anemia
(C) Thiamine (D) Niacin
(C) Pernicious anemia
348. Retina contains this photo sensitive pigment. (D) Hypochromic microcytic anemia
(A) Rhodopsin (B) Opsin 359. Deficiency of Iron leads to
(C) Retinol (D) Malanin (A) Megaloblastic anemia
349. Antixerophthalmic vitamin is (B) Aplastic anemia
(A) Vitamin B1 (B) Vitamin B2 (C) Pernicious anemia
(D) Hypochromic microcytic anemia
(C) Vitamin B6 (D) Vitamin A
360. Corrinoid coenzymes are coenzymes of
350. One of the following is not symptom of
Addison’s disease: (A) Vitamin B6 (B) Vitamin B12
(A) Hypoglycemia (B) Hyponatremia (C) Vitamin B2 (D) Vitamin B1
(C) Hypokalemia (D) Hypochloremia 361. Vitamin B12 initially binds to the proteins
known as
351. Gammaxine is an antimetabolite of
(A) Transcobalamin I
(A) Thiamine (B) Riboflavin
(B) R-proteins
(C) Pyridoxin (D) Inositol
(C) Transcobalamin II
352. Pyridoxine deficiency may lead to con- (D) Intrinsic factor of castle
vulsions as it is needed for the synthesis
362. Extrinsic factor of castle is
of
(A) Vitamin B12 (B) Glycoprotein
(A) GABA (B) PABA
(C) R-proteins (D) Sigma protein
(C) EFA (D) SAM
363. Intrinsic factor of castle is
353. Sulpha drugs are antimetabolites of
(A) Vitamin B12 (B) Glycoprotein
(A) PABA (B) Pyridoxin
(C) R-proteins (D) Sigma protein
(C) Vitamin B2 (D) Pantothenic acid
364. Pernicious means
354. This abnormal metabolite may be respon-
(A) Prolonged (B) Dangerous
sible for the neurological manifestation
of pernicious anemia. (C) Intermittent (D) Idiopathic
(A) Taurine (B) Methyl malonic acid 365. Reduction of D-ribonucleotides to D-deoxy
(C) Xanthurenic acid (D) Phenyl pyruvic acid ribonucleotides in prokaryotes requires
(A) 5, 6 dimethyl benzimindazole cobamide
355. Choline is not required for the formation of
(B) Thiredoxin
(A) Lecithins (B) Acetyl choline (C) Tetra hydrobiopterin
(C) Sphingomyelin (D) Cholic acid (D) Tetra hydrofolate
VITAMINS 131
374. The anti-vitamin for para amino benzoic (A) Megaloblastic anemia
acid is (B) Aplastic anemia
(A) Aminopterin (B) Dicoumasol (C) Hypochromic microcytic anemia
(C) Sulphanomides (D) Thiopamic acid (D) Pernicious anemia
375. Severe patothemic acid deficiency in man 384. The significant ocular lesion in a ribofla-
has been reported to cause vinosis is
(A) Burning feet syndrome (A) Keratomalacia
(B) Scurvy (B) Bitot’s spots
(C) Cataract (C) Vascularisation of the cornea
(D) Xeropththalmia (D) Lachrynal metaplasia
132 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY
406. Metal in Vitamin B12 is 416. During deficiency of thiamine the concen-
(A) Copper (B) Cobalt tration of the following compound rises
in blood and intracellular fluid:
(C) Iron (D) Zinc
(A) Glycogen (B) Sugar
407. Whole wheat is an excellent source of
(C) Amino acids (D) Pyruvic acid
(A) Vitamin D (B) Vitamin C
417. The conversion of carotenoids to Vitamin
(C) Vitamin A (D) Thiamine
A takes place in
408. Vitamin used in the treatment of homo- (A) Intestine (B) Liver
cystinuria is (C) Kidney (D) Skin
(A) B1 (B) B5
418. Man cannot synthesize vitamin:
(C) B 12 (D) B6
(A) A (B) B
409. Which of the following is not a component (C) C (D) D
of coenzyme A?
419. Vitamin A is required for the formation
(A) Pantothenic acid (B) Adenylic acid
of a light receptor protein known as
(C) Acetic acid (D) Sulfhydryl group
(A) Globulin (B) Lypoprotein
410. The most active form of Vitamin D is (C) Chomoprotein (D) Rhodospin
(A) 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol
420. Excessive vitamin A in children produces
(B) 1, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol
(A) Irritability (B) Anorexia
(C) 25-dihydroxyergocalciferol
(C) Headache (D) All of these
(D) None of these
421. Tocopherols prevent the oxidation of
411. The important part in the structure of
flavoprotein is (A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin D
(C) Vitamin K (D) Vitamin C
(A) Vitamin B6 (B) Vitamin B2
(C) Vitamin B1 (D) Vitamin A 422. Vitamin K regulates the synthesis of blood
clotting factors.
412. Vitamin essential for transamination is
(A) VII (B) IX
(A) B1 (B) B2 (C) X (D) All of these
(C) B6 (D) B 12
423. The colour of cyanomethmoglobin is
413. The action of Vitamin K in formation of
(A) Pale yellow (B) Pink
clotting factor is through
(C) Brown (D) Bright red
(A) Post transcription
424. Transketolase activity is affected in
(B) Post translation
(C) Golgi complex (A) Bitoin deficiency
(B) Pyridoxine deficiency
(D) Endoplasmic reticulum
(C) PABA deficiency
414. Vitamin necessary for CoA synthesis: (D) Thiamine deficiency
(A) Pantothenic acid (B) Vitamin C
425. The hydrolysis of glucose-6-PO4 is cata-
(C) B6 (D) B 12 lyzed by a phosphatase that is not found
415. Cofactor for transamination is in which of the following?
(A) Liver (B) Kidney
(A) Thymine (B) Riboflavin
(C) Muscle (D) Small intestine
(C) Pyridoxine (D) Niacin
134 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY
426. Vitamin K2 was originally isolated from (A) Thiamine (B) Riboflavine
(A) Soyabean (B) Putrid fishmeal (C) Folic acid (D) Nicotininic acid
(C) Alfa alfa (D) Oysters 430. The deficiency of which one of the
427. The following form of vitamin A is used following vitamin causes creatinuria?
in the visual cycle: (A) Vitamin E (B) Vitamin K
(A) Retinol (B) Retinoic acid (C) Vitamin A (D) Vitamin B6
(C) Retinaldehyde (D) Retinyl acetate 431. A biochemical indication of vitamin B12
428. Increased carbohydrate consumption deficiency can be obtained by measuring
increases the dietary requirement for the urinary excretion of
ANSWERS
1. A 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. A 6. A
7. D 8. A 9. D 10. A 11. B 12. B
13. A 14. D 15. B 16. C 17. A 18. A
19. A 20. A 21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C
25. C 26. A 27. A 28. A 29. C 30. A
31. D 32. A 33. C 34. C 35. B 36. A
37. C 38. B 39. A 40. D 41. D 42. D
43. A 44. A 45. B 46. C 47. A 48. C
49. B 50. A 51. D 52. C 53. C 54. C
55. D 56. B 57. C 58. A 59. A 60. D
61. B 62. B 63. B 64. B 65. A 66.A
67. B 68. C 69. D 70. A 71. A 72. C
73. C 74. B 75. C 76. A 77. A 78. A
79. C 80. D 81. A 82. D 83. C 84. A
85. C 86. A 87. C 88. A 89. D 90. C
91. A 92. A 93. D 94. A 95. A 96. A
97. C 98. D 99. C 100. B 101. B 102. B
103. D 104. C 105. C 106. B 107. C 108. D
109. A 110. D 111. A 112. D 113. B 114. D
115. A 116. D 117. D 118. C 119. C 120. B
121. C 122. A 123. D 124. D 125. C 126. C
127. A 128. A 129. C 130. D 131. A 132. A
133. D 134. C 135. D 136. D 137. B 138. C
139. C 140. B 141. B 142. B 143. D 144. D
145. C 146. D 147. D 148. B 149. D 150. A
151. C 152. D 153. B 154. D 155. C 156. D
157. A 158. D 159. D 160. D 161. C 162. C
163. C 164. A 165. D 166. C 167. C 168. D
169. A 170. B 171. C 172. B 173. D 174. B
175. D 176. B 177. D 178. B 179. A 180. A
181. D 182. D 183. B 184. A 185. B 186. C
187. D 188. C 189. D 190. C 191. C 192. B
193. C 194. D 195. D 196. C 197. B 198. B
199. B 200. C 201. C 202. D 203. A 204. C
205. A 206. C 207. D 208. D 209. B 210. C
211. C 212. A 213. C 214. D 215. A 216. D
217. D 218. C 219. D 220. D 221. A 222. D
223. B 224. D 225. D 226. C 227. A 228. A
229. B 230. C 231. B 232. A 233. D 234. D
235. B 236. C 237. B 238. D 239. C 240. B
241. B 242. B 243. C 244. C 245. A 246. C
136 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY
EXPLANATIONS FOR THE ANSWERS 250. C The liver can store up to six years worth of vitamin
B12, hence deficiencies in this vitamin are rare.
7. D The four fat soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) are
Penicious anemia is a megaloblastic anemia
soluble in fats, oils and fat solvents (alcohol,
resulting from vitamin B12 deficiency that develops
acetone etc.). Their occurrence in the diet,
as a result a lack of intrinsic factor in the stomach
absorption and transport are associated with fat.
leading to malabsorption of the vitamin.
All the fat soluble vitamins contain one or more
291. A Biotin is also called anti-egg white injury factor
of isoprene units (5 carbon units). They can be
because, egg white contains a protein called
stored in liver and adipose tissue.
avidin, which combines with biotin in the
40. D Vitamin A is essential to maintain healthy
intestinal tract and prevents absorption of biotin
epithelial tissues and proper immunity. Retinol
from intestines.
and retinoic acid functions like steroid hormones.
321. B Deficiency in Vitamin C leads to the disease
They regulate protein synthesis and thus are
scurvy due to the role of the vitamin in the post-
involved in cell growth and differentiation. β-
translational modification of collagens. Scurvy is
Carotene functions as an antioxidant and reduces
characterized by easily bruised skin, muscle
the risk for heart attack, cancers etc.
fatigue, soft swollen gums, decreased wound
77. A The recommended dietary allowances for vitamin
healing and hemorraging, osteoporosis and
D is around 400 I.U. In countries with good
anemia.
sunlight (like India), it is much lower. i.e., 200
357. C Vitamin D is a steroid prohormone. It is
I.U. The good sources include fatty fish, fish liver
represented by steroids that occur in animals,
oils, egg yolk.
plants and yeast. Active form of the hormone is
110. D The earliest symptoms of thiamin deficiency include
1, 25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 (1, 25-(OH)2D3, also
constipation, appetite suppression, nausea as well
termed calcitriol). Calcitriol functions primarily
as mental depression, peripheral neuropathy and
to regulate calcium and phosphorous
fatigue. Chronic thiamin deficiency leads to more
homeostasis.
severe neurological symptoms including ataxia,
398. D The main symptom of vitamin D deficiency in
mental confusion and loss of eye coordination.
children is rickets and in adults is osteomalacia.
Other clinical symptoms of prolonged thiamin
Rickets is characterized by improper
deficiency are related to cardiovascular and
mineralization during the development of the
muscular defects. The severe thiamin deficiency
bones resulting in soft bones. Osteomalacia is
disease is known as Beriberi.
characterized by demineralization of previously
149. D Riboflavin deficiency is often seen in chronic
formed bone leading to increased softness and
alcoholics due to their poor diabetic habits.
susceptibility to fracture.
Symptoms associated with riboflavin deficiency
include, glossitis, seborrhea, angular stomatitis,
cheilosis and photophobia. Riboflavin
decomposes when exposed to visible light.
187. D Pyridoxal, pyridoxamine and pyridoxine are
collectively known as vitamin B6. All three
compounds are efficiently converted to the
biologically active form of vitamin B6, pyridoxal
phosphate. This conversion is catalyzed by the
ATP requiring enzyme, pyridoxal kinase.
217. D Isoniazid (anti-tuberculosis drug) and
penicillamine (used to treat rheumatoid arthritis
and cystinurias) are two drugs that complex with
pyridoxal and pyridoxal phosphate resulting in
a deficiency in this vitamin.
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