Chapter 5 - Vitamins

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VITAMINS 111

CHAPTER 5

VITAMINS
ITAMINS

1. Vitamins are 6. Retinol and retinal are interconverted


(A) Accessory food factors requiring dehydrogenase or reductase in
(B) Generally synthesized in the body the presence of
(C) Produced in endocrine glands (A) NAD or NADP (B) NADH + H+
(D) Proteins in nature (C) NADPH (D) FAD

2. Vitamin A or retinal is a 7. Fat soluble vitamins are


(A) Steroid (A) Soluble in alcohol
(B) Polyisoprenoid compound containing a (B) one or more Propene units
cyclohexenyl ring (C) Stored in liver
(C) Benzoquinone derivative (D) All these
(D) 6-Hydroxychromane
8. The international unit of vitamin A is
3. β-Carotene, precursor of vitamin A, is equivalent to the activity caused by
oxidatively cleaved by
(A) 0.3 µg of Vitamin A alcohol
(A) β-Carotene dioxygenase
(B) 0.344 µg of Vitamin A alcohol
(B) Oxygenase
(C) 0.6 µg of Vitamin A alcohol
(C) Hydroxylase
(D) 1.0 µg of Vitamin A alcohol
(D) Transferase
9. Lumirhodopsin is stable only at tempera-
4. Retinal is reduced to retinol in intestinal
mucosa by a specific retinaldehyde ture below
reductase utilising (A) –10°C (B) –20°C
(A) NADPH + H +
(B) FAD (C) –40°C (D) –50°C
(C) NAD (D) NADH + H+
10. Retinol is transported in blood bound to
5. Preformed Vitamin A is supplied by (A) Aporetinol binding protein
(A) Milk, fat and liver (B) α2-Globulin
(B) All yellow vegetables (C) β-Globulin
(C) All yellow fruits (D) Albumin
(D) Leafy green vegetables
112 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY

11. The normal serum concentration of 20. Vitamin D absorption is increased in


vitamin A in mg/100 ml is (A) Acid pH of intestine
(A) 5–10 (B) 15–60 (B) Alkaline pH of intestine
(C) 100–150 (D) 0–5 (C) Impaired fat absorption
(D) Contents of diet
12. One manifestation of vitamin A deficiency
is 21. The most potent Vitamin D metabolite is
(A) Painful joints (A) 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol
(B) Night blindness (B) 1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol
(C) Loss of hair (C) 24, 25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol
(D) Thickening of long bones (D) 7-Dehydrocholesterol

13. Deficiency of Vitamin A causes 22. The normal serum concentration of


25-hydroxycholecalciferol in ng/ml is
(A) Xeropthalmia
(B) Hypoprothrombinemia (A) 0–8 (B) 60–100
(C) Megaloblastic anemia (C) 100–150 (D) 8–55
(D) Pernicious anemia 23. The normal serum concentration of 1,25-
dihydroxycholecalciferol in pg/ml is
14. An important function of vitamin A is
(A) 26–65 (B) 1–5
(A) To act as coenzyme for a few enzymes
(C) 5–20 (D) 80–100
(B) To play an integral role in protein synthesis
(C) To prevent hemorrhages 24. The normal serum concentration of 24,25-
dihydroxycholecalciferol in ng/ml is
(D) To maintain the integrity of epithelial tissue

15. Retinal is a component of (A) 8–20 (B) 25–50


(A) Iodopsin (B) Rhodopsin (C) 1–5 (D) 60–100
(C) Cardiolipin (D) Glycoproteins 25. A poor source of Vitamin D is
16. Retinoic acid participates in the synthesis (A) Egg (B) Butter
of (C) Milk (D) Liver
(A) Iodopsin (B) Rhodopsin 26. Richest source of Vitamin D is
(C) Glycoprotein (D) Cardiolipin
(A) Fish liver oils (B) Margarine
17. On exposure to light rhodopsin forms (C) Egg yolk (D) Butter
(A) All trans-retinal (B) Cis-retinal 27. Deficiency of vitamin D causes
(C) Retinol (D) Retinoic acid (A) Ricket and osteomalacia
18. Carr-Price reaction is used to detect (B) Tuberculosis of bone
(A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin D (C) Hypthyroidism
(C) Ascorbic acid (D) Vitamin E (D) Skin cancer

19. The structure shown below is of 28. One international unit (I.U) of vitamin D
is defined as the biological activity of
(A) Cholecalciferol
(A) 0.025 µg of cholecalciferol
(B) 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol
(B) 0.025 µg of 7-dehydrocholecalciferol
(C) Ergocalciferol
(C) 0.025 µg of ergosterol
(D) 7-Dehydrocholesterol
(D) 0.025 µg of ergocalciferol
VITAMINS 113

29. The β-ring of 7-dehydrocholesterol is 38. All the following conditions produce a real
cleaved to form cholecalciferol by or functional deficiency of vitamin K
except
(A) Infrared light
(B) Dim light (A) Prolonged oral, broad spectrum antibiotic
therapy
(C) Ultraviolet irridation with sunlight
(B) Total lack of red meat in the diet
(D) Light of the tube lights
(C) The total lack of green leafy vegetables in
30. Calcitriol synthesis involves the diet
(A) Both liver and kidney (D) Being a new born infant
(B) Intestine 39. Vitamin K is found in
(C) Adipose tissue (A) Green leafy plants (B) Meat
(D) Muscle (C) Fish (D) Milk
31. Insignificant amount of Vitamin E is 40. Function of Vitamin A:
present in
(A) Healing epithelial tissues
(A) Wheat germ oil (B) Sunflower seed oil
(B) Protein synthesis regulation
(C) Safflower seed oil (D) Fish liver oil (C) Cell growth
32. The activity of tocopherols is destroyed (D) All of these
by
41. Vitamin K2 was originally isolated from
(A) Commercial cooking
(A) Soyabean (B) Wheat gram
(B) Reduction
(C) Alfa Alfa (D) Putrid fish meal
(C) Conjugation
(D) All of these 42. Vitamin synthesized by bacterial in the
intestine is
33. The requirement of vitamin E is increased (A) A (B) C
with greater intake of
(C) D (D) K
(A) Carbohydrates
43. Vitamin K is involved in posttranslational
(B) Proteins
modification of the blood clotting factors
(C) Polyunsaturated fat by acting as cofactor for the enzyme:
(D) Saturated fat
(A) Carboxylase (B) Decarboxylase
34. Vitamin E reduces the requirement of (C) Hydroxylase (D) Oxidase
(A) Iron (B) Zinc 44. Vitamin K is a cofactor for
(C) Selenium (D) Magnesium
(A) Gamma carboxylation of glutamic acid
35. The most important natural antioxidant residue
is (B) β-Oxidation of fatty acid
(A) Vitamin D (B) Vitamin E (C) Formation of γ-amino butyrate
(C) Vitamin B12 (D) Vitamin K (D) Synthesis of tryptophan

36. Tocopherols prevent the oxidation of 45. Hypervitaminosis K in neonates may


cause
(A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin D
(A) Porphyria (B) Jaundice
(C) Vitamin K (D) Vitamin C
(C) Pellagra (D) Prolonged bleeding
37. Creatinuria is caused due to the deficiency
46. Dicoumarol is antagonist to
of vitamin
(A) Riboflavin (B) Retinol
(A) A (B) K
(C) Menadione (D) Tocopherol
(C) E (D) D
114 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY

47. In the individuals who are given liberal 56. Both Wernicke’s disease and beriberi can
quantities of vitamin C, the serum ascorbic be reversed by administrating
acid level is (A) Retinol (B) Thiamin
(A) 1–1.4 µg/100 ml (C) Pyridoxine (D) Vitamin B12
(B) 2–4 µg/100 ml
57. The Vitamin B1 deficiency causes
(C) 1–10 µg/100 ml
(A) Ricket (B) Nyctalopia
(D) 10–20 µg/100 ml
(C) Beriberi (D) Pellagra
48. The vitamin which would most likely
become deficient in an individual who 58. Concentration of pyruvic acid and lactic
develop a completely carnivorous life acid in blood is increased due to deficiency
style is of the vitamin

(A) Thiamin (B) Niacin (A) Thiamin (B) Riboflavin


(C) Niacin (D) Pantothenic acid
(C) Vitamin C (D) Cobalamin
59. Vitamin B1 coenzyme (TPP) is involved in
49. In human body highest concentration of
ascorbic acid is found in (A) Oxidative decarboxylation
(A) Liver (B) Adrenal cortex (B) Hydroxylation
(C) Adrenal medulla (D) Spleen (C) Transamination
(D) Carboxylation
50. The vitamin required for the formation of
hydroxyproline (in collagen) is 60. Increased glucose consumption increases
the dietary requirement for
(A) Vitamin C (B) Vitamin A
(C) Vitamin D (D) Vitamin E (A) Pyridoxine (B) Niacin
(C) Biotin (D) Thiamin
51. Vitamin required for the conversion of p-
hydroxyphenylpyruvate to homo- 61. Thiamin is oxidized to thiochrome in
gentisate is alkaline solution by
(A) Folacin (B) Cobalamin (A) Potassium permanganate
(C) Ascorbic acid (D) Niacin (B) Potassium ferricyanide
(C) Potassium chlorate
52. Vitamin required in conversion of folic
(D) Potassium dichromate
acid to folinic acid is
(A) Biotin (B) Cobalamin 62. Riboflavin is a coenzyme in the reaction
catalysed by the enzyme
(C) Ascorbic acid (D) Niacin
(A) Acyl CoA synthetase
53. Ascorbic acid can reduce (B) Acyl CoA dehydrogenase
(A) 2, 6-Dibromobenzene (C) β-Hydroxy acyl CoA
(B) 2, 6-Diiodoxypyridine (D) Enoyl CoA dehydrogenase
(C) 2, 6-Dichlorophenol indophenol
63. The daily requirement of riboflavin for
(D) 2, 4-Dinitrobenzene adult in mg is
54. Sterilised milk lacks in (A) 0–1.0 (B) 1.2–1.7
(A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin D (C) 2.0–3.5 (D) 4.0–8.0
(C) Vitamin C (D) Thiamin 64. In new born infants phototherapy may
55. Scurvy is caused due to the deficiency of cause hyperbilirubinemia with deficiency
of
(A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin D
(A) Thiamin (B) Riboflavin
(C) Vitamin K (D) Vitamin C
(C) Ascorbic acid (D) Pantothenic acid
VITAMINS 115

65. Riboflavin deficiency causes 75. Pellagra occurs in population dependent


(A) Cheilosis on
(B) Loss of weight (A) Wheat (B) Rice
(C) Mental deterioration (C) Maize (D) Milk
(D) Dermatitis 76. The enzymes with which nicotinamide act
66. Magenta tongue is found in the deficiency as coenzyme are
of the vitamin (A) Dehydrogenases (B) Transaminases
(A) Riboflavin (B) Thiamin (C) Decarboxylases (D) Carboxylases
(C) Nicotinic acid (D) Pyridoxine 77. Dietary requirement of Vitamin D:
67. Corneal vascularisation is found in defi- (A) 400 I.U. (B) 1000 I.U.
ciency of the vitamin: (C) 6000 I.U. (D) 700 I.U.
(A) B1 (B) B2
78. The Vitamin which does not contain a ring
(C) B3 (D) B6
in the structure is
68. The pellagra preventive factor is (A) Pantothenic acid (B) Vitamin D
(A) Riboflavin (B) Pantothenic acid (C) Riboflavin (D) Thiamin
(C) Niacin (D) Pyridoxine
79. Pantothenic acid is a constituent of the
69. Pellagra is caused due to the deficiency coenzyme involved in
of (A) Decarboxylation (B) Dehydrogenation
(A) Ascorbic acid (B) Pantothenic acid (C) Acetylation (D) Oxidation
(C) Pyridoxine (D) Niacin
80. The precursor of CoA is
70. Niacin or nicotinic acid is a monocarbox- (A) Riboflavin (B) Pyridoxamine
ylic acid derivative of
(C) Thiamin (D) Pantothenate
(A) Pyridine (B) Pyrimidine
81. ‘Burning foot syndrome’ has been
(C) Flavin (D) Adenine
ascribed to the deficiency of
71. Niacin is synthesized in the body from (A) Pantothenic acid (B) Thiamin
(A) Tryptophan (B) Tyrosine (C) Cobalamin (D) Pyridoxine
(C) Glutamate (D) Aspartate
82. Pyridoxal phosphate is central to
72. The proteins present in maize are deficient
(A) Deamination (B) Amidation
in
(C) Carboxylation (D) Transamination
(A) Lysine (B) Threonine
(C) Tryptophan (D) Tyrosine 83. The vitamin required as coenzyme for the
action of transaminases is
73. Niacin is present in maize in the form of
(A) Niacin
(A) Niatin (B) Nicotin (B) Pantothenic acid
(C) Niacytin (D) Nicyn (C) Pyridoxal phosphate
74. In the body 1 mg of niacin can be (D) Riboflavin
produced from
84. Vitamin B6 deficiency may occur during
(A) 60 mg of pyridoxine therapy with
(B) 60 mg of tryptophan
(A) Isoniazid (B) Terramycin
(C) 30 mg of tryptophan
(C) Sulpha drugs (D) Aspirin
(D) 30 mg of pantothenic acid
116 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY

85. Deficiency of vitamin B6 may occur in 93. The cofactor or its derivative required for
the conversion of acetyl CoA to malonyl-
(A) Obese person (B) Thin person
CoA is
(C) Alcoholics (D) Diabetics
(A) FAD (B) ACP
86. ‘Xanthurenic acid index’ is a reliable (C) NAD+ (D) Biotin
criterion for the deficiency of the vitamin
94. A cofactor required in oxidative decarbox-
(A) Pyridoxal (B) Thiamin ylation of pyruvate is
(C) Pantothenic acid (D) Cobalamin (A) Lipoate
87. Epileptiform convulsion in human infants (B) Pantothenic acid
have been attributed to the deficiency of (C) Biotin
the vitamin (D) Para aminobenzoic acid
(A) B1 (B) B2 95. The central structure of B12 referred to as
(C) B6 (D) B 12 corrin ring system consists of
(A) Cobalt (B) Manganese
88. Biotin is a coenzyme of the enzyme
(C) Magnesium (D) Iron
(A) Carboxylase (B) Hydroxylase
(C) Decarboxylase (D) Deaminase 96. The central heavy metal cobalt of vitamin
B12 is coordinately bound to
89. The coenzyme required for conversion of (A) Cyanide group (B) Amino group
pyruvate to oxaloacetate is (C) Carboxyl group (D) Sulphide group
(A) FAD (B) NAD
97. Vitamin B12 has a complex ring structure
(C) TPP (D) Biotin (corrin ring) consisting of four
90. In biotin-containing enzymes, the biotin (A) Purine rings (B) Pyrimidine rings
is bound to the enzyme by (C) Pyrrole rings (D) Pteridine rings
(A) An amide linkage to carboxyl group of 98. Emperical formula of cobalamin is
glutamine
(A) C63H 88N 12O14P.CO
(B) A covalent bond with CO2 (B) C61H 82N 12O12P.CO
(C) An amide linkage to an amino group of lysine (C) C61H 88N 12O14P.CO
(D) An amide linkage to α-carboxyl group of (D) C63H 88N 14O14P.CO
protein
99. A deficiency of vitamin B12 causes
91. A molecule of CO2 is captured by biotin (A) Beri-Beri
when it acts as coenzyme for carboxyla-
(B) Scurvy
tion reaction. The carboxyl group is co-
(C) Perniciuos anemia
valently attached to
(D) Ricket
(A) A nitrogen (N1) of the biotin molecule
(B) Sulphur of thiophene ring 100. Vitamin B12 deficiency can be diagnosed
by urinary excretion of
(C) α-Amino group of lysine
(A) Pyruvate (B) Methylmalonate
(D) α-Amino group of protein
(C) Malate (D) Lactate
92. Consumption of raw eggs can cause
deficiency of 101. Subacute combined degeneration of cord
is caused due to deficiency of
(A) Biotin (B) Pantothenic acid
(A) Niacin (B) Cobalamin
(C) Riboflavin (D) Thiamin
(C) Biotin (D) Thiamin
VITAMINS 117

102. Vitamin required for metabolism of diols 110. Thiamin deficiency includes
e.g. conversion of ethylene glycol to (A) Mental depression (B) Fatigue
acetaldehyde is
(C) Beriberi (D) All of these
(A) Thiamin (B) Cobalamin
(C) Pyridoxine (D) Folic acid 111. Thiamin diphosphate is required for
oxidative decarboxylation of
103. Both folic acid and methyl cobalamin
(A) α-Keto acids (B) α-Amino acids
(vitamin B12) are required in
(C) Fatty acids (D) All of these
(A) Deamination of serine
(B) Deamination of threonine 112. Loss of thiamin can be decreased by using
(C) Conversion of pyridoxal phosphate to (A) Unpolished rice
pyridoxamine phosphate (B) Parboiled rice
(D) Methylation of homocystein to methionine (C) Whole wheat flour
104. Folic acid or folate consists of the (D) All of these
(A) Base pteridine, p-amino benzoic acid and 113 . Daily requirement of thiamin is
asparate (A) 0.1 mg/1,000 Calories
(B) Base purine, p-amino benzoic acid and (B) 0.5 mg/1,000 Calories
glutamate
(C) 0.8 mg/1,000 Calories
(C) Base pteridine, p-amino benzoic acid and
(D) 1.0 mg/1,000 Calories
glutamate
(D) Base purine, p-hydroxy benzoic acid and 114. Thiamin requirement is greater in
glutamate (A) Non-vegetarians
105. Folate as a coenzyme is involved in the (B) Alcoholics
transfer and utilization of (C) Pregnant women
(A) Amino group (D) Both B and C
(B) Hydroxyl group
115. People consuming polished rice as their
(C) Single carbon moiety staple food are prone to
(D) Amido group
(A) Beriberi (B) Pellagra
106. Folic acid deficiency can be diagnosed by (C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of these
increased urinary excretion of
116. Riboflavin is heat stable in
(A) Methylmalonate (B) Figlu
(A) Acidic medium (B) Alkaline medium
(C) Cystathionine (D) Creatinine
(C) Neutral medium (D) Both (A) and (C)
107. Sulpha drugs interfere with bacterial
synthesis of 117. FAD is a coenzyme for
(A) Lipoate (B) Vitamin E (A) Succinate dehydrogenase
(C) Tetrahydrofolate (D) Ascorbic acid (B) Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
(C) Sphingosine reductase
108. Folate deficiency causes
(D) All of these
(A) Microcytic anemia
(B) Hemolytic anemia 118. Riboflavin deficiency can cause
(C) Iron deficiency anemia (A) Peripheral neuritis (B) Diarrhoea
(D) Megaloblastic anemia (C) Angular stomatitis (D) None of these

109. Thiamin is heat stable in 119. Pellagra preventing factor is


(A) Acidic medium (B) Alkaline medium (A) Thiamin (B) Riboflavin
(C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of these (C) Niacin (D) Pyridoxine
118 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY

120. Niacin contains a 130. Sulphydryl group of coenzyme a is contri-


(A) Sulphydryl group (B) Carboxyl group buted by
(C) Amide group (D) All of these (A) β-Alanine
121. NADP is required as a coenzyme in (B) β-Aminoisobutyric acid
(A) Glycolysis (B) Citric acid cycle (C) Methionine
(C) HMP shunt (D) Gluconeogenesis (D) Thioethanolamine

122. NAD is required as a coenzyme for 131. Coenzyme A contains a nitrogenous base
which is
(A) Malate dehydrogenase
(B) Succinate dehydrogenase (A) Adenine (B) Guanine
(C) Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (C) Choline (D) Ethanolamine
(D) HMG CoA reductae 132. The following is required for the formation
123. NAD is required as a conenzyme in of coenyzme A:
(A) Citric acid cycle (A) ATP (B) GTP
(B) HMP shunt (C) CTP (D) None of these
(C) β-Oxidation of fatty acids
133. Coenzyme A is required for catabolism of
(D) Both (A) and (C)
(A) Leucine (B) Isoleucine
124. Niacin can be synthesised in human
(C) Valine (D) All of these
beings from
(A) Histidine (B) Phenylalanine 134. Deficiency of pantothenic acid in human
(C) Tyrosine (D) Tryptophan beings can affect
(A) Nervous system (B) Digestive system
125. Daily requirement of niacin is
(C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of these
(A) 5 mg (B) 10 mg
(C) 20 mg (D) 30 mg 135. Pyridoxal phosphate is a coenzyme for
126. Niacin deficiency is common in people (A) Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase
whose staple food is (B) Glutamate pyruvate transaminase
(A) Wheat (C) Tyrosine transaminase
(B) Polished rice (D) All of these
(C) Maize and /or sorghum
136. Pyridoxal phosphate is required as a
(D) None of these
coenzyme in
127. In pellagra, dermatitis usually affects (A) Transamination (B) Transulphuration
(A) Exposed parts of body (C) Desulphydration (D) All of these
(B) Covered parts of body
137. Pyridoxal phosphate is a coenzyme for
(C) Trunk only
(D) All parts of the body (A) Glycogen synthetase
(B) Phosphorylase
128. Niacin deficiency can occur in
(C) Both (A) and (B)
(A) Hartnup disease (B) Phenylketonuria
(D) None of these
(C) Alkaptonuria (D) None of these
138. Pyridoxine deficiency can be diagnosed
129. Pantothenic acid contains an amino acid
by measuring urinary excretion of
which is
(A) Pyruvic acid (B) Oxaloacetic acid
(A) Aspartic acid (B) Glutamic acid
(C) Xanthurenic acid (D) None of these
(C) β-Alanine (D) β-Aminoisobutyric acid
VITAMINS 119

139. Pyridoxine deficiency can be diagnosed 147. Folic acid contains


by measuring the urinary excretion of (A) Pteridine
xanthurenic acid following a test dose of
(B) p-Amino benzoic acid
(A) Glycine (B) Histidine (C) Glutamic acid
(C) Tryptophan (D) Pyridoxine (D) All of these
140. Pyridoxine requirement depends upon 148. Conversion of folate into tetrahydrofolate
the intake of requires
(A) Carbohydrates (B) Proteins (A) NADH (B) NADPH
(C) Fats (D) None of these (C) FMNH2 (D) FADH2
141. Anti-egg white injury factor is 149. Riboflavin deficiency symptoms are
(A) Pyridoxine (B) Biton (A) Glossitis (B) stomatis
(C) Thiamin (D) Liponic acid (C) Vomitting (D) Both (A) and (B)

142. When eggs are cooked 150. Vitamin B12 forms coenzymes known as
(A) Biotin is destroyed but avidin remains (A) Cobamide (B) Transcobalamin I
unaffected (C) Transcobalamin II (D) Both (B) and (C)
(B) Avidin is inactivated but biotin remains 151. Methylcobalamin is required for forma-
unaffected tion of
(C) Both avidin and biotin are inactivated (A) Serin from glycine
(D) Both avidin and biotin remain unaffected (B) Glycine from serine
143. Biotin is required as a coenzyme by (C) Methionine from homocysteine
(D) All of these
(A) Anaerobic dehydrogenases
(B) Decarboxylases 152. Absorption of Vitamin B12 requires the
presence of
(C) Aerobic dehydrogenases
(A) Pepsin (B) Hydrochloric acid
(D) Carboxylases
(C) Intrinsic factor (D) Boh (B) and (C)
144. Biotin is a coenzyme for
153. Intrinsic factor is chemically a
(A) Pyruvate carboxylase
(A) Protein
(B) Acetyl CoA carboxylase
(B) Glycoprotein
(C) Propionyl CoA carboxylase
(C) Mucopolysaccaride
(D) All of these
(D) Peptide
145. Lipoic acid is a conenzyme for 154. Chemically, Extrinsic Factor of Castle is a
(A) Pyruvate dehydrogenase (A) Mucoprotein
(B) α-Ketoglutarate dehydrogenae (B) Glycoprotein
(C) Both (A) and (B) (C) Mucopolysaccharide
(D) None of these (D) Cyanocobalaminm
146. Chemically, lipoic acid is 155. Vitamin B12 is
(A) Saturated fatty acid (A) Not stored in the body
(B) Unsaturated fatty acid (B) Stored in bone marrow
(C) Amino acid (C) Stored in liver
(D) Sulphur containing fatty acid (D) Stored in RE cells
120 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY

156. Vitamin B12 is transported in blood by 165. Deficiency of vitamin C causes


(A) Albumin (B) Transcortin (A) Beriberi
(C) Transcobalamin I (D) Transcobalamin II (B) Pellagra
(C) Pernicious anaemia
157. Vitamin B12 is synthesized by
(D) Scurvy
(A) Bacteria only (B) Plants only
(C) Animals only (D) Both (A) and (C) 166. An early diagnosis of vitamin C deficiency
can be made by
158. Deficiency of vitamin B12 can occur because
(A) Measuring plasma ascorbic acid
of
(B) Measuring urinary ascorbic acid
(A) Decreased intake of vitamin B12
(C) Ascorbic acid saturation test
(B) Atrophy of gastric mucosa
(D) All of these
(C) Intestinal malabsorption
(D) All of these 167. Daily requirement of vitamin C in adults
is about
159. Deficiency of vitamin B12 can be diagonised
(A) 100 mg (B) 25 mg
by
(C) 70 mg (D) 100 mg
(A) Carr-Price reaction
(B) Ames assay 168. The vitamin having the highest daily
requirement among the following is
(C) Watson-Schwartz test
(D) Schilling test (A) Thiamin (B) Ribovflavin
(C) Pyridoxine (D) Ascorbic acid
160. Gastyrectomy leads to megaloblastic
anaemia within a few 169. Anaemia can occur due to the deficiency
of all the following except
(A) Days (B) Weeks
(C) Months (D) Years (A) Thiamin (B) Pyridoxine
(C) Folic acid (D) Cyanocobalamin
161. Ascorbic acid is required to synthesise all
of the following except 170. A vitamin which can be synthesized by
human beings is
(A) Collagen (B) Bile acids
(C) Bile pigments (D) Epinephrine (A) Thiamin (B) Niacin
(C) Folic acid (D) Cyanocobalamin
162. Vitamin C enhances the intestinal
absorption of 171. Laboratory diagnosis of vitamin B 12
(A) Potassium (B) Iodine deficiency can be made by measuring the
urinary excretion of
(C) Iron (D) None of these
(A) Xanthurenic acid
163. Vitamin C activity is present in
(B) Formiminoglutamic acid
(A) D-Ascorbic acid (C) Methylmalonic acid
(B) D-Dehydroascorbic acid (D) Homogentisic acid
(C) L-Ascorbic acid
(D) Both A and B 172. The molecule of vitamin A1 contains
(A) Benzene ring (B) β-Ionone ring
164. Vitamin C is required for the synthesis of
(C) β-Carotene ring (D) None of these
(A) Bile acids from cholesterol
(B) Bile salts from bile acids 173. Precursor of Vitamin A is
(C) Vitamin D from cholesterol (A) α-Carotene (B) β-Carotene
(D) All of these (C) γ-Carotene (D) All of these
VITAMINS 121

174. Two molecules of vitamin A can be formed 183. Retinol isomerase is present in
from 1 molecule of (A) Retina (B) Liver
(A) α-Carotene (B) β-Carotene (C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of these
(C) γ-Carotene (D) All of these
184. Anti-oxidant activity is present in
175. Conversion of β-carotene into retinal (A) β-Carotene (B) Retinol
requires the presence of (C) Retinoic acid (D) All of these
(A) β-Carotene dioxygenase
185. One international Unit of vitamin A is the
(B) Bile salts activity present in
(C) Molecular oxygen
(A) 0.3 µg of β-Carotene
(D) All of these
(B) 0.3 µg of retinol
176. Conversion of retinal into ritonal requires (C) 0.6 µg of retinoic acid
the presence of (D) All of these
(A) NADH (B) NADPH 186. Daily requirement of vitamin A in an adult
(C) FADH2 (D) Lipoic acid man can be expressed as
177. Retinal is converted into retinoic acid in (A) 400 IU (B) 1,000 IU
the presence of (C) 5,000 IU (D) 10,000 IU
(A) Retinal oxidase (B) Retinal carboxylase 187. Vitamin B6 includes
(C) Retinene reductase(D) Spontaneously (A) Pyridoxal (B) Pyridoxamine
178. Vitamin A absorbed in intestine is (C) Pyridoxine (D) All of these
released into 188. An early effect of vitamin a deficiency is
(A) Portal circulation (B) Lacteals (A) Xerophthalmia
(C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of these (B) Keratomalacia
179. Vitamin A is stored in the body in (C) Prolonged dark adaptation time
(D) Follicular hyperkeratosis
(A) Liver
(B) Adipose tissue 189. Nyctalopia is
(C) Reticuloendothelial cells (A) Drying of eyes
(D) All of these (B) Destruction of cornea
(C) Blindness
180. Rhodopsin contains opsin and
(D) Inability to see in dimlight
(A) 11-cis-retinal (B) 11-trans-retinal
(C) All-cis-retinal (D) All trans-retinal 190. Rod cells possess a trans-membrane
protein which is
181. When light falls on rod cells
(A) Adenylate cyclase (B) Transducin
(A) All-cis-retinal is converted into all-trans-retinal (C) Rhodopsin (D) B as well as C
(B) 11-cis-retinal is converted into 11-trans-retinal
191. Provitamins A include
(C) 11-trans-retinal is converted into all-trans-
retinal (A) Retinal (B) Retionic acid
(C) Carotenes (D) All of these
(D) 11-cis-retinal is converted into all-trans-retinal
192. Retinoic acid can
182. Conversion of all-trans-retinal into all-
trans-retinol requires (A) Act as a photo receptor
(A) NAD (B) NADH (B) Support growth and differentiation
(C) Act as an anti-oxidant
(C) NADP (D) NADPH
(D) None of these
122 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY

193. Prosthetic group in cone cell phototrecep- 202. Calcitriol inhibits the conversion of
tors is
(A) Cholesterol into 7-dehydrocholesterol
(A) Iodine (B) Opsin (B) Cholecalciferol into 1-hydroxycholecalciferol
(C) 11-cis-retinal (D) all-trans-retinal (C) Cholecalciferol into 25-hydroxycholecalcifer-
194. Retinoic acid is involved in the synthesis ol
of (D) 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol into 1,25- dihydrox-
(A) Rhodopsin (B) Iodopsin ycholecalciferol
(C) Porphyrinopsin (D) Glycoproteins 203. Bowlegs and knock-knees can occur in
195 Transducin is a (A) Rickets (B) Osteomalacia
(A) Signal transducer (B) Stimulatory G-protein (C) Both A and B (D) Hypervitaminosis D
(C) Trimer (D) All of these 204. Calcification of soft tissues can occur in
196. Provitamin D3 is (A) Osteomalacia
(A) Cholecalciferol (B) Rickets
(B) Ergosterol (C) Hypervitaminosis D
(C) 7-Dehydrocholesterol (D) None of these
(D) Ergocaliferol 205. Levels of serum calcium and inorganic
197. Ergosterol is found in phosphorus are increased in
(A) Animals (B) Plants (A) Hypervitaminosis D
(C) Bacteria (D) All of these (B) Hypoparathyroidism
(C) Hypovitaminosis D
198. A provitamin D synthesized in human
beings is (D) None of these
(A) Ergosterol 206. Requirement of vitamin E increases with
(B) 7-Dehydrocholesterol the increasing intake of
(C) Cholecalciferol (A) Calories (B) Proteins
(D) 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol (C) PUFA (D) Cholesterol
199. 25-Hydroxylation of vitamin D occurs in 207. In human beings, vitamin E prevents
(A) Skin (B) Liver (A) Sterility
(C) Kidneys (D) Intestinal mucosa
(B) Hepatic necrosis
200. Tubular reabsorption of calcium is (C) Muscular dystrophy
increased by (D) None of these
(A) Cholecalciferol
208. Vitamin E protects
(B) 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol
(C) Calcitriol (A) Polyunsaturated fatty acids against
aperoxidation
(D) All of these
(B) Vitamin A and carotenes against oxidation
201. Parathormone is required for the conver-
(C) Lung tissue against atmospheric pollutants
sion of
(D) All of these
(A) Cholecalciferol into 1-hydroxycholecalciferol
(B) Cholecalciferol into 25-hydroxycholecalcifer- 209. Intestinal bacteria can synthesise
ol (A) Phyllogquinone (B) Farnoquinone
(C) 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol into calcitriol (C) Both (A) and (B) (D) Menadione
(D) Cholesterol into 7-dehydrocholesterol
VITAMINS 123

210. A water soluble form of vitamin K is 220. The performed Vitamin A is supplied by
foods such as
(A) Phylloquinone (B) Farnoquinone
(C) Menadione (D) None of these (A) Butter (B) Eggs
(C) Fish liver oil (D) All of these
211. Prothrombin time is prolonged in
221. The non-protein part of rhodopsin is
(A) Vitamin K deficiency
(A) Retinal (B) Retinol
(B) Liver damage
(C) Carotene (D) Repsin
(C) Both (A) and (B)
(D) None of these 222. Lumirhodopsin is stable only at a
temperature below
212. A synthetic form of vitamin K is
(A) –35°C (B) –40°C
(A) Menadione (B) Farnoquinone
(C) –45°C (D) –50°C
(C) Phylloquinone (D) None of these
223 The normal concentration of vitamin A in
213. Retinal is reduced to retinol by retinene blood in I.V/dl:
reductase in presence of the coenzyme
(A) 20–55 (B) 24–60
(A) NAD+ (B) NADP+ (C) 30–65 (D) 35–70
(C) NADH + H+ (D) NADPH + H+
224. Continued intake of excessive amounts of
214. Retinal exists as an ester with higher fatty vitamin A especially in children produces
acids in the (A) Irritability (B) Anorexia
(A) Liver (B) Kidney (C) Headache (D) All of these
(C) Lung (D) All of these
225. Vitamin D2 is also said to be
215. Retinol is transported to the blood as (A) Activated ergosterol
retinol attached to
(B) Fergocalciferol
(A) α1-globulin (B) α2-globulin (C) Viosterol
(C) β-globulin (D) γ-globulin (D) All of these
216. Carotenes are transported with the 226. The poor sources of vitamin D:
(A) Minerals (B) Proteins (A) Eggs (B) Butter
(C) Lipids (D) Lipoproteins (C) Milk (D) Liver
217. The drugs that form complexes with 227. The activity of tocopherols is destroyed
pyridoxal are by
(A) Isoniazid (B) Penicillamine (A) Oxidation (B) Reduction
(C) Rifampicin (D) Both (A) and (B) (C) Conjugation (D) All of these
218. In the blood the vitamin esters are 228 Some tocopherols are
attached to (A) Terpenoid in structure
(A) α1-lipoproteins (B) α2-lipoproteins (B) Dional in structure
(C) β-lipoproteins (D) γ-lipoproteins (C) Isoprenoid in structure
219. The percentage of Vitamin A in the form (D) Farnesyl in structure
of esters is stored in the liver: 229. The methyl groups in the aromatic nucleus
(A) 80 (B) 85 of a tocopherols are
(C) 90 (D) 95 (A) 2 (B) 3
(C) 4 (D) 5
124 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY

230. Vitamin E stored in 240. The number of nutritionally essential


(A) Mitochondria (B) Microsomes amino acids for man is
(C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of these (A) 6 (B) 8
(C) 10 (D) 12
231. Vitamin E protects the polyunsaturated
fatty acids from oxidation by molecular 241. Avidin is present in
oxygen in the formation of (A) Cow’s milk
(A) Superoxide (B) Peroxide (B) Raw egg
(C) Trioxide (D) All of these (C) Green leafy vegetables
232. The tocopherols prevent the oxidation of (D) Carrots
(A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin D 242. Marasmus is due to malnutrition of
(C) Vitamin K (D) Vitamin C (A) Proteins
233. Vitamin E protects enzymes from des- (B) Proteins and calories
truction in (C) Proteins and vitamins
(A) Muscles (B) Nerves (D) Proteins and minerals
(C) Gonads (D) All of these 243. Energy value in kilocalorie per gram of
fat in the body is
234. Vitamin K regulates the synthesis of blood
clotting factors: (A) 1 (B) 4
(A) VII (B) IX (C) 9 (D) 18
(C) X (D) All of these 244. Which among the following is an essential
amino acid for man?
235. Ascorbic acid can reduce
(A) Alanine (B) Serine
(A) 2, 4-dinitro benzene
(C) Valine (D) Glutamic acid
(B) 2, 6-Dichlorophenol Indophenol
(C) 2, 4-dibromobenzene 245. Under what condition to basal metabolic
(D) 2, 6-dibromo benzene rate goes up?
(A) Cold environment
236. Sterilized milk is devoid of
(B) Hot environment
(A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin B1
(C) Intake of base forming foods
(C) Vitamin C (D) Vitamin D
(D) Hypothyroidism
237. The symptoms of scurvy are
246. What is the major form of caloric storage
(A) Poor healing of wounds in human body?
(B) Loosening of teeth (A) ATP
(C) Anaemia (B) Glycogen
(D) All of these (C) Creatine phosphate
238. Kwashiorkor results from (D) triacylglycerol
(A) Vitamin A deficiency 247. The phosphoprotein of milk is
(B) Vitamin D deficiency (A) Lactalbumin (B) Lactoglobulin
(C) Deficiency of minerals in diet (C) Vitellin (D) Caein
(D) Protein and caloric deficiency in diet
248. Dictary deficiency of this vitamin leads to
239. Which among the following fatty acids is night blindness:
an essential fatty acid for man?
(A) Retinol (B) Niacin
(A) Palmitic acid (B) Oleic acid
(C) Ascorbic acid (D) Cholecalciferol
(C) Linoleic acid (D) None of these
VITAMINS 125

249. A non essential amino acid is not 257. Milk contains very poor amounts of
(A) Absorbed in the intestines (A) Calcium (B) Phosphate
(B) Required in the diet (C) Iron (D) Riboflavin
(C) Incorporated into the protein 258. Egg contains very little
(D) Metabolized by the body
(A) Fat
250. The deficiency of Vitamin B12 leads to (B) Proteins
(A) Pernicious anaemia (C) Carbohydrates
(B) Megablastic anaemia (D) Calcium and phosphorus
(C) Both (A) and (B) 259. BMR (Basal Metabolic rate) is elevated in
(D) None of these (A) Hyper thyroidism (B) Under nutrition
251. Which among the following is a nutrition- (C) Starvation (D) Hypothyroidism
ally essential amino acid for man? 260. Soyabean proteins are rich in
(A) Alanine (B) Glycine (A) Lysine (B) Alanine
(C) Tyrosine (D) Isoleucine (C) Glcyine (D) Aspartic acid
252. The maximum specific dynamic action of 261. Corn and gliadin are low in
food stuff is exerted by
(A) Lysine (B) Alanine
(A) carbohydrates (B) fats (C) Glycine (D) Aspartic acid
(C) proteins (D) vitamins
262. What is the disease caused by thiamine
253. The essential amino acids deficiency?
(A) must be supplied in the diet because the (A) Nycalopia (B) Scurvy
organism has lost the capacity to aminate the (C) Rickets (D) Beriberi
corresponding ketoacids
263. Retinol and retinol –binding protein (RBP)
(B) must be supplied in the diet because the
bound with this protein:
human has an impaired ability to synthesize
the carbon chain of the corresponding (A) Albumin (B) Prealbumin
ketoacids (C) α2-globulin (D) β-globulin
(C) are identical in all species studied 264. Megaloblastic anemia is caused by the
(D) are defined as these amino acids which deficiency of
cannot be synthesized by the organism at a (A) Folic acid (B) Vitamin B6
rate adequate to meet metabolic requirements
(C) Iron (D) Protein
254. Fibre in the diet is beneficial in
265. This vitamin acts as anti-oxidant:
(A) Hyper glycemia (A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin D
(B) Hyper cholseteremia (C) Vitamin E (D) Vitamin K
(C) Colon cancer
266. Calcitriol is
(D) All of these
(A) 1-OH-cholecalciferol
255 Sucrose intolerance leads to
(B) 25-OH-cholecalciferol
(A) Hyper glycemia (B) Glycosuria (C) 24, 25-diOH cholecalciferol
(C) Diarrhoea (D) Hypoglycemia (D) 1, 25-diOH cholecalciferol
256. There can be intolerance with respect to 267. 1-hydroxylation of 25-OH vitamin D3
the following sugar: takes place in
(A) Glucose (B) Lactose (A) Liver (B) Kidneys
(C) Maltose (D) Xylose (C) Intestine (D) Pancreas
126 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY

268. 25-hydroxylation of vitamin D3 takes 279. This abnormal metabolite may be respon-
place in sible for the neurological manifestation
(A) Liver (B) Kidneys of pernicious anemia:
(C) Intestine (D) Pancreas (A) Taurine (B) Methyl malonic acid
(C) Xantherunic acid (D) Phenyl pyruvic acid
269. Hydroxylation of 25-hydroxy chole-
calciferol is promoted by 280. The vitamin in leafy vegetables:
(A) Cytochrome - a (B) Parathyroid hormone (A) D (B) K
(C) Cytochrome-b (D) CAMP (C) A (D) Both (B) and (C)
270. The egg injury factor in raw egg white is 281. Isonicotinic acid hydrazide given in the
(A) Biotin (B) Avidin treatment of tuberculosis may lead to a
deficiency of
(C) Albumin (D) Calcium salts
(A) Vitamin A (B) Pyridoxin
271. The following has cyanide:
(C) Folate (D) Inositol
(A) Vitamin B12
282. Biotin is required for the reaction of CO2
(B) Adenyl cobamide
with
(C) Benzimidazole cobamide
(A) Water
(D) Methyl cobamide
(B) Acetyl CoA
272. The human species can biosynthesize (C) NH3
(A) Vitamin C (B) Vitamin B12 (D) Incorporation of carbon 6 in purine
(C) Thiamine (D) Niacin
283. A deficiency of folate leads to
273. Retina contains this photosensitive (A) Megaloblastic anemia
pigment: (B) Aplastic anemia
(A) Rhodopsin (B) Opsin (C) Pernicious anemia
(C) Retinol (D) Melanin (D) Hypochromic microcytic anemia
274. Anti xerophthalmic vitamin is 284. A deficiency of Iron leads to
(A) Vitamin B1 (B) Vitamin B2 (A) Megaloblastic anemia
(C) Vitamin B6 (D) Vitamin A (B) Aplastic anemia
275. One of the following is not a symptom of (C) Pernicious anemia
addison’s disease. (D) Hypochromic microcytic anemia
(A) Hypoglycemia (B) Hyponatremia 285. Corninoid coenzymes are coenzymes of
(C) Hypokalemia (D) Hypochoremia (A) Vitamin B12 (B) Vitamin B6
276. Gammaxane is an antimetabolite of (C) Vitamin B2 (D) Vitamin B1
(A) Thiamine (B) Riboflavin 286. Vitamin B12 initially binds to the proteins
(C) Pyridoxin (D) Inositol known as
(A) Transcobalamin I
277. Pyridoxin deficiency may lead to convul-
sions as it is needed for the synthesis of (B) R-Proteins
(C) Transcobalamin II
(A) GABA (B) PABA
(D) Intrinsic factor of castle
(C) EFA (D) SAM
287. Extrinsic factor of castle is
278. Sulpha drugs are antimetabolities of
(A) Vitamin B12 (B) Glycoprotein
(A) Vitamin K (B) Pyridoxin
(C) R-Proteins (D) Sigma protein
(C) Folic acid (D) Vitamin B2
VITAMINS 127

288. Intrinsic factor of castle is 297. Convulsive episodes occur when there is
(A) Vitamin B12 (B) Glycoprotein a severe deficiency of
(C) R-Proteins (D) Sigma protein (A) Pyridoxine (B) Folic acid
(C) Thiamine (D) Riboflavin
289. Pernicious means
298. Metastatic classification is seen in hyper-
(A) Prolonged (B) Dangerous
vitaminosis:
(C) Intermittent (D) Idiopathic
(A) A (B) K
290. Reduction of D-ribonucleotides to D- (C) D (D) E
deoxy ribonucleotides in prokaryotes
requires 299. The anti vitamin for para aminobenzoic
acid is
(A) 5, 6 dimethyl benzimidazole cobamide
(B) Thioredoxin (A) Aminopterin (B) Dicoumarol
(C) Tetra hydrobiopterin (C) Sulphonamides (D) Thiopanic acid
(D) Tetra hydrofolate 300. Several pantothenic acid deficiency in
man has been reported to cause
291. Biotin is also known as
(A) Burning feet syndrome
(A) Anti egg white injury factor
(B) Scurvy
(B) Rutin
(C) Cataract
(C) Both (A) and (B)
(D) Xerophthalmia
(D) None of these
301. Cholesterol is a precursor in the biogene-
292. Angular stomatosis is due to sis of
(A) Ariboflavinoses (A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin D
(B) Deficiency of Vitamin C (C) Vitamin E (D) None of these
(C) Deficiency of Vitamin B1
302. This vitamin is a potent antioxidant of
(D) Deficiency of folate
vitamin A:
293. One of the main functions of Vitamin K is (A) Vitamin C (B) Vitamin E
cofactor for
(C) Vitamin K (D) Vitamin D
(A) Carboxylate for the formation of γ
carboxyglutamate 303. In retinal rickets, the following hydro-
xylation of Vitamin D3 does not take place:
(B) Methylation of δ-adenosyl methionine
(C) Carboxylation of biotin (A) 25 (B) 1
(C) 24 (D) 7
(D) One carbon transfer by tetrahydrofolate
304. The following does not have phosphorous:
294. Prothrombin time is prolonged by
administering (A) Riboflavin (B) TPP
(A) Vitamin K (B) Dicoumarol (C) NAD+ (D) COASH
(C) Calcium (D) Prothrombin 305. Convulsions and delirium could be caused
by a severe deficiency of
295. This vitamin acts as antioxidant.
(A) Thiamine (B) Glutamate
(A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin D
(C) Niacin (D) Magnesium
(C) Vitamin E (D) Vitamin K
306. Rice polishings contain this vitamin:
296. This is a photo-labile vitamin.
(A) Riboflavin (B) Niacin
(A) Thiamine (B) Riboflavin
(C) Thiamine (D) Vitamin B12
(C) Niacin (D) Cholecalciferol
128 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY

307. In beri beri there will be accumulation of 316. Taurinuria may be encountered in
_______ in blood. (A) Permicious anemia (B) Beriberi
(A) Aceto acetic acid (B) β-OH butyric acid (C) Pellegra (D) Folate deficiency
(C) Pyruvic acid (D) Methyl malonic acid 317. The three vitamins which are specially
308. Symptoms of pellagra are required for proper nerve functions are
acid:
(A) Dermatitis and diarrhea only
(A) Thiamine, niacin and riboflavin
(B) Dermatitis and dementia only
(B) Thiamine, folic acid, choline
(C) Diarrhea, dermatitis and dementia
(C) Thiamine, riboflavin, patothenic acid
(D) Diarrhea and elements only
(D) Thiamine, pyridoxin, vitamin B12
309. Pyridoxine deficiency leads to
318. This is a rich source for vitamin C.
(A) Megaloblastic anemia
(A) Rice (B) Milk
(B) Aplastic anemia
(C) Egg (D) Lemon
(C) Hypochromic microcytic anemia
(D) Permicious anemia 319. The following vitamin is involved in
coenzyme function in transaminations:
310. The significant ocular lesion in arbo (A) Nicotinamide (B) Pyridoxine
flovinosis:
(C) Thiamine (D) Riboflavin
(A) Keratomalacia
320. Methyl malonic aciduria is seen in the
(B) Bitot’s spots
deficiency of
(C) Vascularisation of the cornea
(A) Vitamin B6 (B) Folic acid
(D) lachrymal metaplasia
(C) Thiamine (D) Vitamin B12
311. Irradiation of foods raises the content of
321. Deficiency of Vitamin C leads to
(A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin D
(A) Rickets (B) Scurvy
(C) Vitamin E (D) Vitamin K (C) Night blindness (D) All of these
312. An anti-vitamin for folic acid is 322. If no primer DNA was given, the following
(A) Amethoptesin (B) Dicoumarol scientist could not have synthesized DNA.
(C) Pyrithoamine (D) Isoniazid (A) Ochoa (B) Okazaki
313. Thymine is (C) Kornberg (D) Monod

(A) Water soluble vitamin 323. Antisterility vitamin is


(B) Fat soluble vitamin (A) Vitamin B1 (B) Vitamin B2
(C) Purine base (C) Vitamin E (D) Vitamin K
(D) Pyrimidine base 324. All the following vitamins give rise to
314. The anti-vitamin for para amino benzoic cofactors that are phosphorylated in the
acid is active form except
(A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin B1
(A) Aminopterrin (B) Dicoumarol
(C) Vitamin D (D) Vitamin E
(C) INH (D) Sulphonamides
325. Molecular Iron, Fe, is
315. The sulphur-containing vitamins among
the following B-Vitamin is (A) Stored in the body in combination with Ferritin
(A) Thiamine (B) Riboflavin (B) Stored primarily in the spleen
(C) Excreted in the urine as Fe2+
(C) Niacin (D) Pyridoxine
(D) absorbed in the intestine by albumin
VITAMINS 129

326. Humans most easily tolerate a lack of 335. Vitamins that function as dinucleotide
which of the following nutrients? derivatives include all the following
except
(A) Protein (B) Iodine
(C) Carbohydrate (D) Lipid (A) Thiamine (B) Niacin
(C) Nicotinate (D) Vitamin B2
327. A deficiency of vitamin B12 causes
336. Methyl malonic aciduria is seen in a
(A) Cheliosis (B) Beriberi
deficiency of
(C) Pernicious anemia (D) Scurvy
(A) Vitamin B6 (B) Folic acid
328. In adults a severe deficiency of vitamin D (C) Thiamine (D) Vitamin B12
causes
337. What is the disease caused by thiamine
(A) Night blindness (B) Osteomalacia
deficiency?
(C) Rickets (D) Skin cancer
(A) Nyctalopia (B) Scurvy
329. Which of the following vitamins would (C) Rickets (D) Beriberi
most likely become deficient in a person
who develops a completely carnivorous 338. Retinol and Retinol binding protein are
life style? bound with this protein:

(A) Thiamine (B) Niacin (A) Albumin (B) Prealbumin


(C) α-globulin (D) β-globulin
(C) Cobalamine (D) Vitamin C
339. Megaloblastic anemia is caused by the
330. Which of the following statements
deficiency of
regarding Vitamin A is true?
(A) Folic acid (B) Vitamin B6
(A) It is not an essential Vitamin
(C) Iron (D) Protein
(B) It is related to tocopherol
(C) It is a component of rhodopsin 340. This vitamin acts as anti oxidant.
(D) It is also known as Opsin (A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin D
(C) Vitamin E (D) Vitamin K
331. Fully activated pyruvate carboxylase
depends upon the presence of 341. Calcitriol is
(A) Malate and Niacin (A) 1-hydroxy cholecalciferol
(B) Acetyl CoA and biotin (B) 25-hydroxy cholecalciferol
(C) Acetyl CoA and thiamine pyrophosphate (C) 24, 25-dihydroxy cholecalciferol
(D) Oxaloacetate and biotin (D) 1, 25-dihydroxy cholecalciferol
332. Pantothenic acid is a constituent of 342. 1-hydroxylation of 25-hydroxy Vitamin
coenzyme involved in D3 takes place in
(A) Acetylation (B) Decarboxylation (A) Liver (B) Kidneys
(C) Dehydrogenation (D) Oxidation (C) Intestine (D) Pancreas
333. Biotin is involved in which of the following 343. 25-hydroxylation of Vitamin D3 takes
types of reactions? place in
(A) Hydroxylation (B) Carboxylation (A) Liver (B) Kidneys
(C) Decarboxylation (D) Deamination (C) Intestines (D) Pancreas

334. Which of the following vitamins is the 344. Hydroxylation of 25-hydroxy cholecalcif-
precurssor of CoA? erol is promoted by
(A) Riboflavin (B) Pantothenate (A) Cytochrome A (B) Panthyroid hormone
(C) Thiamine (D) Cobamide (C) Cytochrome b (D) cAMP
130 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY

345. The egg injury factor in raw egg white is 356. Isonicotinic acid hydrazide given in the
(A) Biotin (B) Avidin treatment of tuberculosis may lead to a
deficiency of
(C) Albumin (D) Calcium salts
(A) Vitamin A (B) Pyridoxin
346. The following has cyanide: (C) Folate (D) Inositol
(A) Vitamin B12
357. Steroidal prohormone is
(B) Adenyl cobamide
(A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin C
(C) Benzimidazole cobamide
(C) Vitamin D (D) None of these
(D) Methyl cobamide
358. A deficiency of folate leads to
347. The human species can biosynthesize
(A) Megaloblastic anemia
(A) Vitamin C (B) Vitamin B12
(B) Aplastic anemia
(C) Thiamine (D) Niacin
(C) Pernicious anemia
348. Retina contains this photo sensitive pigment. (D) Hypochromic microcytic anemia
(A) Rhodopsin (B) Opsin 359. Deficiency of Iron leads to
(C) Retinol (D) Malanin (A) Megaloblastic anemia
349. Antixerophthalmic vitamin is (B) Aplastic anemia
(A) Vitamin B1 (B) Vitamin B2 (C) Pernicious anemia
(D) Hypochromic microcytic anemia
(C) Vitamin B6 (D) Vitamin A
360. Corrinoid coenzymes are coenzymes of
350. One of the following is not symptom of
Addison’s disease: (A) Vitamin B6 (B) Vitamin B12
(A) Hypoglycemia (B) Hyponatremia (C) Vitamin B2 (D) Vitamin B1
(C) Hypokalemia (D) Hypochloremia 361. Vitamin B12 initially binds to the proteins
known as
351. Gammaxine is an antimetabolite of
(A) Transcobalamin I
(A) Thiamine (B) Riboflavin
(B) R-proteins
(C) Pyridoxin (D) Inositol
(C) Transcobalamin II
352. Pyridoxine deficiency may lead to con- (D) Intrinsic factor of castle
vulsions as it is needed for the synthesis
362. Extrinsic factor of castle is
of
(A) Vitamin B12 (B) Glycoprotein
(A) GABA (B) PABA
(C) R-proteins (D) Sigma protein
(C) EFA (D) SAM
363. Intrinsic factor of castle is
353. Sulpha drugs are antimetabolites of
(A) Vitamin B12 (B) Glycoprotein
(A) PABA (B) Pyridoxin
(C) R-proteins (D) Sigma protein
(C) Vitamin B2 (D) Pantothenic acid
364. Pernicious means
354. This abnormal metabolite may be respon-
(A) Prolonged (B) Dangerous
sible for the neurological manifestation
of pernicious anemia. (C) Intermittent (D) Idiopathic

(A) Taurine (B) Methyl malonic acid 365. Reduction of D-ribonucleotides to D-deoxy
(C) Xanthurenic acid (D) Phenyl pyruvic acid ribonucleotides in prokaryotes requires
(A) 5, 6 dimethyl benzimindazole cobamide
355. Choline is not required for the formation of
(B) Thiredoxin
(A) Lecithins (B) Acetyl choline (C) Tetra hydrobiopterin
(C) Sphingomyelin (D) Cholic acid (D) Tetra hydrofolate
VITAMINS 131

366. Antirachitic vitamin is 376. Cholesterol is a precursor in the biogenesis


(A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin D of
(C) Vitamin E (D) Vitamin K (A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin D
(C) Vitamin E (D) None of these
367. Angular stomatitis is due to
(A) Ariboflavinosis 377. Which of the vitamins is a potent anti-
(B) Deficiency of Vitamin C oxidant of Vitamin A?
(C) Deficiency of Vitamin B1 (A) Vitamin C (B) Vitamin E
(D) Deficiency of folate (C) Vitamin K (D) Vitamin D
368. One of the main functions of Vitamin K is 378. In renal rickets, the following hydroxyla-
the cofactor for tion of Vitamin D3 does not take place:
(A) Carboxylase for the formation of γ--carboxy (A) 25 (B) 1
glutamate (C) 24 (D) 7
(B) Methylation by S-adenosyl methionine
(C) Carboxylation by biotin 379. Which of the following does not have
phosphorous?
(D) One carbon transfer by tetra hydrofolate
(A) Riboflavin (B) TPP
369. Prothrombin time is prolonged by admini-
(C) NAD+ (D) CaASH
stering
(A) Vitamin K (B) Dicoumarol 380. Rice-polishings contain whcih of the
(C) Calcium (D) Prothrombin following Vitamin?
(A) Riboflavin (B) Niacin
370. This Vitamin acts as antioxidant:
(C) Thiamine (D) Vitamin B12
(A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin D
(C) Vitamin E (D) Vitamin K 381. In beri beri there will be accumulation of
_________ in blood.
371. This is photo labile vitamin:
(A) Aceto acetic acid
(A) Thiamine (B) Riboflavin
(B) β−hydroxy butyric acid
(C) Niacin (D) Cholecalciferol
(C) Pyruvic acid
372. Convulsive episodes occur when there is (D) Methyl malonic acid
a severe deficiency of:
382. Symptoms of pellagra are
(A) Pyridoxine (B) Folic acid
(C) Thiamine (D) Riboflavin (A) Dermatitis and diarrhea only
(B) Dermatitis and Dermentia only
373. Metastatic calcification is seen in hyper-
(C) Diarrhea and dermentia only
vitaminosis:
(D) Diarrhea, Dermatitis and dementia
(A) A (B) K
(C) D (D) E 383. Pyridoxine deficiency leads to

374. The anti-vitamin for para amino benzoic (A) Megaloblastic anemia
acid is (B) Aplastic anemia
(A) Aminopterin (B) Dicoumasol (C) Hypochromic microcytic anemia
(C) Sulphanomides (D) Thiopamic acid (D) Pernicious anemia

375. Severe patothemic acid deficiency in man 384. The significant ocular lesion in a ribofla-
has been reported to cause vinosis is
(A) Burning feet syndrome (A) Keratomalacia
(B) Scurvy (B) Bitot’s spots
(C) Cataract (C) Vascularisation of the cornea
(D) Xeropththalmia (D) Lachrynal metaplasia
132 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY

385. An anti-vitamin for folic acid is 395. Anti sterility Vitamin is


(A) Aminopterin (B) Dicoumarol (A) Vitamin B1 (B) Vitamin B2
(C) Pyrithiamine (D) Isoniazid (C) Vitamin E (D) Vitamin K
386. Thiamine is 396. Biotin deficiency is characterized by the
(A) Water-soluble vitamin following except
(B) Fat soluble vitamin (A) Muscular pain (B) Anaemia
(C) Purine base (C) Nausea (D) Dermatitis
(D) Pyrimidine base 397. Deficiency of thiamine causes
387. The anti-vitamin for para amino benzoic (A) Beri beri (B) Scurvy
acid is (C) Night blindness (D) Rickets
(A) Aminopterin (B) Dicoumarol 398. Deficiency of Vitamin D leads to
(C) INH (D) Sulphanomides
(A) Rickets (B) Osteomalacia
388. The sulphur containing vitamins among (C) Xeropthalmia (D) Both (A) and (B)
the following B Vitamin is
399. The vitamin that is useful in cancer is
(A) Thiamine (B) Riboflavin
(A) A (B) B complex
(C) Niacin (D) Pyridoxine
(C) C (D) E
389. Taurinuria may be encountered in
400. Vitamin A over dosage causes injury to
(A) Pernicious anemia (B) Beriberi
(A) Mitochondria (B) Microtubules
(C) Pellegra (D) Folate deficiency
(C) Lysosomes (D) E.R
390. The three vitamins which are specially
401. Which is a pro vitamin or vitamin that has
required for proper nerve functions are
antioxidant properties?
(A) Thiamine, Niacin and Riboflavin
(A) Beta carotene (B) Vitamin E
(B) Thiamin, Folic acid, Choline
(C) Vitamin C (D) Vitamin D
(C) Thiamine, Riboflavin, Pantothenic acid
(D) Thiamine, Pyridoxin, Vitamin B12 402. The vitamin required for carboxylation
reaction is
391. This is a rich source for Vitamin C: (A) Vitamin B2 (B) Vitamin B6
(A) Rice (B) Milk (C) Biotin (D) Vitamin B12
(C) Egg (D) Lemon
403. Biological activity of tocopherols has been
392. Which ot the following vitamin is involved attributed in part to their action as
in coenzyme function in transaminations? (A) Antioxidant
(A) Nicotinamide (B) Pyridoxine (B) Anticoagulents
(C) Thiamine (D) Riboflavin (C) Provitamin
(D) Carriers in electron transport system
393. Methyl malonic aciduria is seen in a
deficiency of 404. Biotin is essential for
(A) Vitamin B6 (B) Folic acid (A) Translation (B) Carboxylation
(C) Thiamine (D) Vitamin B12 (C) Hydroxylation (D) Transamination
394. In pernicious anemia, Urine contains high 405. Which of the following vitamin act as a
amounts of respiratory catalyst?
(A) Methyl malonic acid (B) FIGLU (A) B2 (B) Pyridoxine
(C) VMA (D) 5 HIAA (C) B 12 (D) C
VITAMINS 133

406. Metal in Vitamin B12 is 416. During deficiency of thiamine the concen-
(A) Copper (B) Cobalt tration of the following compound rises
in blood and intracellular fluid:
(C) Iron (D) Zinc
(A) Glycogen (B) Sugar
407. Whole wheat is an excellent source of
(C) Amino acids (D) Pyruvic acid
(A) Vitamin D (B) Vitamin C
417. The conversion of carotenoids to Vitamin
(C) Vitamin A (D) Thiamine
A takes place in
408. Vitamin used in the treatment of homo- (A) Intestine (B) Liver
cystinuria is (C) Kidney (D) Skin
(A) B1 (B) B5
418. Man cannot synthesize vitamin:
(C) B 12 (D) B6
(A) A (B) B
409. Which of the following is not a component (C) C (D) D
of coenzyme A?
419. Vitamin A is required for the formation
(A) Pantothenic acid (B) Adenylic acid
of a light receptor protein known as
(C) Acetic acid (D) Sulfhydryl group
(A) Globulin (B) Lypoprotein
410. The most active form of Vitamin D is (C) Chomoprotein (D) Rhodospin
(A) 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol
420. Excessive vitamin A in children produces
(B) 1, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol
(A) Irritability (B) Anorexia
(C) 25-dihydroxyergocalciferol
(C) Headache (D) All of these
(D) None of these
421. Tocopherols prevent the oxidation of
411. The important part in the structure of
flavoprotein is (A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin D
(C) Vitamin K (D) Vitamin C
(A) Vitamin B6 (B) Vitamin B2
(C) Vitamin B1 (D) Vitamin A 422. Vitamin K regulates the synthesis of blood
clotting factors.
412. Vitamin essential for transamination is
(A) VII (B) IX
(A) B1 (B) B2 (C) X (D) All of these
(C) B6 (D) B 12
423. The colour of cyanomethmoglobin is
413. The action of Vitamin K in formation of
(A) Pale yellow (B) Pink
clotting factor is through
(C) Brown (D) Bright red
(A) Post transcription
424. Transketolase activity is affected in
(B) Post translation
(C) Golgi complex (A) Bitoin deficiency
(B) Pyridoxine deficiency
(D) Endoplasmic reticulum
(C) PABA deficiency
414. Vitamin necessary for CoA synthesis: (D) Thiamine deficiency
(A) Pantothenic acid (B) Vitamin C
425. The hydrolysis of glucose-6-PO4 is cata-
(C) B6 (D) B 12 lyzed by a phosphatase that is not found
415. Cofactor for transamination is in which of the following?
(A) Liver (B) Kidney
(A) Thymine (B) Riboflavin
(C) Muscle (D) Small intestine
(C) Pyridoxine (D) Niacin
134 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY

426. Vitamin K2 was originally isolated from (A) Thiamine (B) Riboflavine
(A) Soyabean (B) Putrid fishmeal (C) Folic acid (D) Nicotininic acid
(C) Alfa alfa (D) Oysters 430. The deficiency of which one of the
427. The following form of vitamin A is used following vitamin causes creatinuria?
in the visual cycle: (A) Vitamin E (B) Vitamin K
(A) Retinol (B) Retinoic acid (C) Vitamin A (D) Vitamin B6
(C) Retinaldehyde (D) Retinyl acetate 431. A biochemical indication of vitamin B12
428. Increased carbohydrate consumption deficiency can be obtained by measuring
increases the dietary requirement for the urinary excretion of

(A) Thiamine (B) Riboflavine (A) Pyruvic acid


(C) Pyridoxine (D) Folic acid (B) Malic acid
(C) Methyl malonic acid
429. Increased protein intake is accompanied
(D) Urocanic acid
by an increased dietary requirement for
VITAMINS 135

ANSWERS
1. A 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. A 6. A
7. D 8. A 9. D 10. A 11. B 12. B
13. A 14. D 15. B 16. C 17. A 18. A
19. A 20. A 21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C
25. C 26. A 27. A 28. A 29. C 30. A
31. D 32. A 33. C 34. C 35. B 36. A
37. C 38. B 39. A 40. D 41. D 42. D
43. A 44. A 45. B 46. C 47. A 48. C
49. B 50. A 51. D 52. C 53. C 54. C
55. D 56. B 57. C 58. A 59. A 60. D
61. B 62. B 63. B 64. B 65. A 66.A
67. B 68. C 69. D 70. A 71. A 72. C
73. C 74. B 75. C 76. A 77. A 78. A
79. C 80. D 81. A 82. D 83. C 84. A
85. C 86. A 87. C 88. A 89. D 90. C
91. A 92. A 93. D 94. A 95. A 96. A
97. C 98. D 99. C 100. B 101. B 102. B
103. D 104. C 105. C 106. B 107. C 108. D
109. A 110. D 111. A 112. D 113. B 114. D
115. A 116. D 117. D 118. C 119. C 120. B
121. C 122. A 123. D 124. D 125. C 126. C
127. A 128. A 129. C 130. D 131. A 132. A
133. D 134. C 135. D 136. D 137. B 138. C
139. C 140. B 141. B 142. B 143. D 144. D
145. C 146. D 147. D 148. B 149. D 150. A
151. C 152. D 153. B 154. D 155. C 156. D
157. A 158. D 159. D 160. D 161. C 162. C
163. C 164. A 165. D 166. C 167. C 168. D
169. A 170. B 171. C 172. B 173. D 174. B
175. D 176. B 177. D 178. B 179. A 180. A
181. D 182. D 183. B 184. A 185. B 186. C
187. D 188. C 189. D 190. C 191. C 192. B
193. C 194. D 195. D 196. C 197. B 198. B
199. B 200. C 201. C 202. D 203. A 204. C
205. A 206. C 207. D 208. D 209. B 210. C
211. C 212. A 213. C 214. D 215. A 216. D
217. D 218. C 219. D 220. D 221. A 222. D
223. B 224. D 225. D 226. C 227. A 228. A
229. B 230. C 231. B 232. A 233. D 234. D
235. B 236. C 237. B 238. D 239. C 240. B
241. B 242. B 243. C 244. C 245. A 246. C
136 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY

247. D 248. A 249. B 250. C 251. D 252. C


253. B 254. D 255. C 256. B 257. C 258. C
259. A 260. B 261. D 262. D 263. B 264. A
265. C 266. D 267. B 268. A 269. B 270. B
271. A 272. D 273. A 274. D 275. C 276. D
277. A 278. C 279. A 280. D 281. D 282. B
283. B 284. A 285. D 286. B 287. B 288. A
289. B 290. B 291. A 292. B 293. A 294. A
295. B 296. C 297. B 298. A 299. C 300. C
301. A 302. B 303. B 304. A 305. D 306. D
307. C 308. C 309. C 310. B 311. C 312. A
313. D 314. D 315. A 316. A 317. D 318. D
319. B 320. D 321. C 322. C 323. C 324. B
325. A 326. C 327. C 328. B 329. D 330. C
331. B 332. A 333. B 334. B 335. A 336. D
337. D 338. B 339. A 340. D 341. D 342. B
343. A 344. B 345. B 346. A 347. D 348. A
349. D 350. C 351. D 352. A 353. A 354. B
355. D 356. B 357. C 358. A 359. D 360. B
361. B 362. A 363. B 364. B 365. A 366. B
367. A 368. A 369. B 370. C 371. B 372. A
373.C 374. C 375. A 376. B 377. B 378. B
379. A 380. C 381. C 382. D 383. C 384. C
385. A 386. D 387. D 388. A 389. A 390. D
391. D 392. B 393. D 394. A 395. C 396. B
397. A 398. D 399. A 400. C 401. B 402. C
403. B 404. B 405. A 406. B 407. D 408. D
409. C 410. A 411. B 412. C 413. B 414. A
415. C 416. D 417. A 418. C 419. D 420. D
421. A 422. D 423. D 424. D 425. C 426. B
427. C 428. A 429. A 430. C 431. C
VITAMINS 137

EXPLANATIONS FOR THE ANSWERS 250. C The liver can store up to six years worth of vitamin
B12, hence deficiencies in this vitamin are rare.
7. D The four fat soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) are
Penicious anemia is a megaloblastic anemia
soluble in fats, oils and fat solvents (alcohol,
resulting from vitamin B12 deficiency that develops
acetone etc.). Their occurrence in the diet,
as a result a lack of intrinsic factor in the stomach
absorption and transport are associated with fat.
leading to malabsorption of the vitamin.
All the fat soluble vitamins contain one or more
291. A Biotin is also called anti-egg white injury factor
of isoprene units (5 carbon units). They can be
because, egg white contains a protein called
stored in liver and adipose tissue.
avidin, which combines with biotin in the
40. D Vitamin A is essential to maintain healthy
intestinal tract and prevents absorption of biotin
epithelial tissues and proper immunity. Retinol
from intestines.
and retinoic acid functions like steroid hormones.
321. B Deficiency in Vitamin C leads to the disease
They regulate protein synthesis and thus are
scurvy due to the role of the vitamin in the post-
involved in cell growth and differentiation. β-
translational modification of collagens. Scurvy is
Carotene functions as an antioxidant and reduces
characterized by easily bruised skin, muscle
the risk for heart attack, cancers etc.
fatigue, soft swollen gums, decreased wound
77. A The recommended dietary allowances for vitamin
healing and hemorraging, osteoporosis and
D is around 400 I.U. In countries with good
anemia.
sunlight (like India), it is much lower. i.e., 200
357. C Vitamin D is a steroid prohormone. It is
I.U. The good sources include fatty fish, fish liver
represented by steroids that occur in animals,
oils, egg yolk.
plants and yeast. Active form of the hormone is
110. D The earliest symptoms of thiamin deficiency include
1, 25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 (1, 25-(OH)2D3, also
constipation, appetite suppression, nausea as well
termed calcitriol). Calcitriol functions primarily
as mental depression, peripheral neuropathy and
to regulate calcium and phosphorous
fatigue. Chronic thiamin deficiency leads to more
homeostasis.
severe neurological symptoms including ataxia,
398. D The main symptom of vitamin D deficiency in
mental confusion and loss of eye coordination.
children is rickets and in adults is osteomalacia.
Other clinical symptoms of prolonged thiamin
Rickets is characterized by improper
deficiency are related to cardiovascular and
mineralization during the development of the
muscular defects. The severe thiamin deficiency
bones resulting in soft bones. Osteomalacia is
disease is known as Beriberi.
characterized by demineralization of previously
149. D Riboflavin deficiency is often seen in chronic
formed bone leading to increased softness and
alcoholics due to their poor diabetic habits.
susceptibility to fracture.
Symptoms associated with riboflavin deficiency
include, glossitis, seborrhea, angular stomatitis,
cheilosis and photophobia. Riboflavin
decomposes when exposed to visible light.
187. D Pyridoxal, pyridoxamine and pyridoxine are
collectively known as vitamin B6. All three
compounds are efficiently converted to the
biologically active form of vitamin B6, pyridoxal
phosphate. This conversion is catalyzed by the
ATP requiring enzyme, pyridoxal kinase.
217. D Isoniazid (anti-tuberculosis drug) and
penicillamine (used to treat rheumatoid arthritis
and cystinurias) are two drugs that complex with
pyridoxal and pyridoxal phosphate resulting in
a deficiency in this vitamin.
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