Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University, Bhilai

Branch: B.Tech (Electrical & Electronics Engineering) Semester: VIII

Subject: Computer Aided Power System Course Code: D025811(025)
Total Theory Periods: 40 Total Tutorial Periods: 10
Class Tests: Two (Minimum) Assignments: Two (Minimum)
ESE Duration: Three Hours Maximum Marks: 100, Minimum Marks: 35
Course Objectives:
x Modeling issues and analysis methods for the power flow, short circuit, contingency and
stability analyses, required to be carried out for the power systems.
x Necessary details of numerical techniques to solve nonlinear algebraic as well as differential
equations will also be included.
x Different types of stability phenomena have been observed in the power systems, which need to
be critically analyzed, utilizing appropriate dynamic model of the system.

UNIT-I
Network equations:Network equations, graph theory, Bus admittance matrix by step by step method,
primitive network, bus incidence matrix, formation of Ybus by singular transformation, bus impedance
matrix by inversion of Ybus, algorithm for bus impedance matrix, addition of a branch, addition of link,
modification of Zbusby changes in primitive network. Concept of using these matrices for load flow study
and fault study.

UNIT-II
Fault Analysis:Fault Analysis, [ZBUS] Building algorithm, sequence matrices, Symmetrical and
Unsymmetrical
Short-Circuit Analysis of Large Power Systems, Phase Shift in sequence quantities due to transformers.

UNIT-III Total
Load Flow Study: Introduction, power system equations, solution technique ie Gauss Seidel, Newton
Raphson and fast decoupled load flow.

UNIT-IV
Transient Stability Studies: Introduction, swing equation, machine equations, power system equations,
solution techniques, example of transient stability calculations, exciter and governor control system,
description of transient stability program.

UNIT-V
Security Analysis: Basic Concepts, Power System Security, Factors affecting Security Static Security
Analysis at Control Centers, Contingency Analysis, Contingency Selection, Contingency Analysis Using
Network Sensitivity Method and AC Power Flow Method.

Course outcomes:
x Develop proper mathematical models for analysis of a selected problem like load flow study
or fault analysis.
x Student able to analysis of different type fault in a power system.
x Student able to understands different load flow techniques.
x Student able to understand stability analysis of power system.
x Student able to understand the power system concepts of contingency analysis.

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 Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University, Bhilai
Text Books:
1. H. Sadat, Power System Analysis., McGraw Hill Co. Ltd., India, 2000.
2. G. W. Stagg and A. H. El- Abiad, Computer methods in Power System Analysis, Mc -Graw Hill
Kogakusha Ltd 1968.

Reference Books:
1. A.K. Mahaianabis, D.P. Kothari, S.I. Ahson, Computer Aided Power System Analysis & Control.
Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 1988.
2. O.I. Elgard, Electric Energy System Theory: An Introduction., 2 nd Edition, McGraw Hill, New
York, 1982.
3. I.J.Nagarath, D.P. Kothari, .Modern Power System Analysis., Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co.
Ltd., New Delhi, 1994.
4. J. Arrilaga, C.P. Arnold, B.J. Harker, Computer Modelling of Electric Power Systems.

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 Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University, Bhilai
Branch: B.Tech (Electrical & Electronics Engineering) Semester: VIII
Subject: Power Apparatus System (Professional Elective-IV) Course Code: D025831(025)
Total Theory Periods: 40 Total Tutorial Periods: 10
Class Tests: Two (Minimum) Assignments: Two (Minimum)
ESE Duration: Three Hours Maximum Marks: 100, Minimum Marks: 35

Course Objectives:
x Impart theoretical knowledge of design of electrical transmission line, different types of
substation, bus-bar arrangement.
x Introduce the concept of Different types of earthing system.
x To provide the theoretical insights overvoltage production and protection from these.
x Deliberate & discuss the concept of reliability of transmission line.

UNIT-I
Transmission System Components: Types of Insulator, Conductors, Line Supports, Span; Conductor
Configuration, Spacing, Clearances; Sag & Tension Calculation; Voltage Distribution Over a String of
Suspension Insulator; String Efficiency; Methods of Improving String Efficiency; Surge Impedance
Loading.

UNIT-II
Distribution System: Types- Primary & Secondary Distribution System, Voltage Drop In AC & DC
System, Selection of Distribution Voltage, Size of Conductor, Kelvin’s Law, General Design
Consideration Load Estimation Substation Equipment Protection System, Design of a Typical
Distributions System (Rural / Town/ Industrial)Total Period 8

UNIT-III
Power System Grounding: Different Methods- Isolated Neutral, Solid or Effective Grounding,
Effectively Grounded System, Resistance & Reactance Grounding, Zig- Zag Transformer Grounding,
Effect of Grounding on System Over Voltages, Merits & Demerits of Various Grounding Systems.

UNIT-IV
Surge Protection & Insulation Coordination: Internal Causes of Over Voltage due to Lightning, Wave
Shape of Lightning Stroke, Line Design Based on Direct Lightning Strokes, Earth Wire, Rod Gap
Arrester, TRF, Expulsion Type Lightning Arrester, Surge Diverter Selection Of BIL, International
Recommendation, Selection of Arrestor Rating, Coordination of Protector Devices with Apparatus
Insulation.

UNIT-V
Reliability of T&D System: Definitions: Outage, Bath Tub Curve, Causes of Failures, Two State Model,
Failure & Repair Rate, Probability Density Function, Reliability of Series / Parallel System, Reliability
Planning, Preparation of Reliability Models, Numerical Problems related to reliability of transmission
and distribution system.

Text Books:
1. “Power System Analysis & Design”, BR Gupta S.Chand Publications.
2. “Substation Design & Equipment” Gupta &Sation – DhanpatRai.Publications.

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 Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University, Bhilai
Reference Books:
1. Transmission & Distribution” – Westinghouse.
2. “Electrical Power System Design” – M V Deshpande (TMH).

Course outcomes:
x Discuss various transmission system components along with calculation of sag and tension and
distribution of voltage over string of insulator.
x Design various Distribution System depending upon the distribution voltage & calculation of
voltage drop in AC and DC system.
x Discuss various Power System Earthing techniques along with their advantages & disadvantages.
x Discuss causes of overvoltage due to Lightning, need of Arrester along with proper rating &
Insulation Co-ordination.
x Understand various Reliability models of Transmission & Distribution System along with the
calculation of Reliability parameters.

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 Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University, Bhilai
Branch: B.Tech (Electrical & Electronics Engineering) Semester: VIII
Subject: Power System Dynamics and Control (Professional Elective -IV) Course Code: D025832(025)
Total Theory Periods: 40 Total Tutorial Periods: 10
Class Tests: Two (Minimum) Assignments: Two (Minimum)
ESE Duration: Three Hours Maximum Marks: 100, Minimum Marks: 35

Course Objectives:
x To remember the dynamic characteristics of power system equipment.
x To recognize dynamic performance of power systems.
x To illustrate the system stability and controls.

UNIT-I
Introduction to Power System Operations: Introduction to power system stability. Power System
Operations and Control. Stability problems in Power System. Impact on Power System Operations and
control.

UNIT-II
Analysis of Linear Dynamical System and Numerical Methods: Analysis of dynamical System,
Concept of Equilibrium, Small and Large Disturbance Stability. Modal Analysis of Linear System.
Analysisusing Numerical Integration Techniques. Issues in Modeling: Slow and Fast Transients, Stiff
System.

UNIT-III
Modeling of Synchronous Machines and Associated Controllers: Modeling of synchronous machine:
Physical Characteristics. Rotor position dependent model. D-Q Transformation. Model with Standard
Parameters. Steady State Analysis of Synchronous Machine. Short Circuit Transient Analysis of a
Synchronous Machine. Synchronization of Synchronous Machine to an Infinite Bus. Modeling of
Excitation and Prime Mover Systems. Physical Characteristics and Models. Excitation System Control.
Automatic Voltage Regulator. Prime Mover Control Systems. Speed Governors.

UNIT-IV
Modeling of other Power System Components: Modeling of Transmission Lines and Loads.
Transmission Line Physical Characteristics. Transmission Line Modeling. Load Models - induction
machine model. Frequency and Voltage Dependence of Loads. Other Subsystems – HVDC and FACTS
controllers, Wind Energy Systems.

UNIT-V
Stability Analysis: Angular stability analysis in Single Machine Infinite Bus System. Angular Stability
in multimachine systems – Intra-plant, Local and Inter-area modes. Frequency Stability: Centre of Inertia
Motion. Load Sharing: Governordroop. Single Machine Load Bus System: Voltage Stability.
Introduction to Torsional Oscillations and the SSR phenomenon. Stability Analysis Tools:Transient
Stability Programs, Small Signal Analysis Programs.

Course outcomes: At the end of this course, students will demonstrate the ability to
x Understand the problem of power system stability and its impact on the system.
x Analyse linear dynamical systems and use of numerical integration methods.
x Model different power system components for the study of stability.
x Understand the methods to improve stability.

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 Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University, Bhilai
Text Books:
1. K.R. Padiyar, “Power System Dynamics, Stability and Control”, B. S. Publications, 2002.
2. P. Kundur, “Power System Stability and Control”, McGraw Hill, 1995.

Reference Books:
1. P. Sauer and M. A. Pai, “Power System Dynamics and Stability”, Prentice Hall, 1997.

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 Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University, Bhilai
Branch: B.Tech (Electrical & Electronics Engineering) Semester: VIII
Subject: Control Systems Design (Professional Elective -IV) Course Code: D025833(025)
Total Theory Periods: 40 Total Tutorial Periods: 10
Class Tests: Two (Minimum) Assignments: Two (Minimum)
ESE Duration: Three Hours Maximum Marks: 100, Minimum Marks: 35

Course Objectives:
x Identify the basic elements and structures of feedback control systems.
x Apply final value theorem to determine the steady state response of stable control system.
x Discuss controller/ compensation their features and applications.
x Understand the fundamentals of modern control theory.

UNIT-I Design Specifications:

Introduction to design problem and philosophy. Introduction to time domain and frequency domain
design specification and its physical relevance. Effect of gain on transient and steady state response.
Effect of addition of pole on system performance. Effect of addition of zero on system response.

UNIT-II Design of Classical Control System in the time domain:

Introduction to compensator. Design of Lag, lead lag-lead compensator in time domain. Feedback and
Feed forward compensator design. Feedback compensation. Realization of compensators
UNIT-III Design of Classical Control System in frequency domain:
Compensator design in frequency domain to improve steady state and transient response. Feedback and
Feed forward compensator design using bode diagram.

UNIT-IV Design of PID controllers:

Design of P, PI, PD and PID controllers in time domain and frequency domain for first, second and third
order systems. Control loop with auxiliary feedback – Feed forward control.

UNIT-V Control System Design in state space:

Review of state space representation. Concept of controllability & observability, effect of pole zero
cancellation on the controllability & observability of the system, pole placement design through state
feedback.

Course outcomes:
x Analyze various design specifications in time domain and frequency domain and effect of
pole/zero addition on system performance.
x Design controllers to satisfy the desired design specifications using simple controller structures
(P, PI, PID, compensators).
x Design controllers using the state-space approach.

Text Books:
1. I. J. Nagrath and M. Gopal, “Control system engineering”, Wiley, 2000.
2. M. Gopal, “Digital Control Engineering”, Wiley Eastern, 1988.

Reference Books:
1. S K Battacharya ,“Control system engineering”, Pearson.
2. B. C. Kuo, “Automatic Control system”, Prentice Hall, 1995.
3. K. Ogata, “Modern Control Engineering”, Prentice Hall, 2010.

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 Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University, Bhilai
Branch: B.Tech (Electrical & Electronics Engineering) Semester: VIII
Subject: Extra High Voltage AC & DC Transmission (Professional Elective -IV) Course Code: D025834(025)
Total Theory Periods: 40 Total Tutorial Periods: 10
Class Tests: Two (Minimum) Assignments: Two (Minimum)
ESE Duration: Three Hours Maximum Marks: 100, Minimum Marks: 35

Course Objectives:
x This course presents EHV ac-dc transmission system components.
x Also the course deals with fundamental so fac-dc links, converters operation and their
characteristic
UNIT-I
ACPowerTransmissionTechnology: Development in Extra High Voltage AC system. Power handling
capacity of line, line vibrations and its type, Resistance and its effects on EHV transmission. Sequence
inductance and capacitance. Reactive power compensation.

UNIT-II
DCPowerTransmissionTechnology: ComparisonofEHVAC&DCtransmission, Application of DC
Transmission, Types of DC Transmission System, Components for HVDC Transmission system, Modern
Trendsin DC Transmission, Multi-terminal HVDC system (MTDC),Thyristor Device, Thyristor Valve,
Valve Tests, Recent Trends invalves.

UNIT-III
Analysis of converter: Pulse Number, Choice of Converter Configuration, Simplified Analysis of Graetz
Circuit, Converter Bridge Characteristics.Characteristics of a Twelve Pulse Converter, Detailed Analysis
of Converters Principal of DC Link Control, Converter Control Characteristics, voltage sourse converters.
UNIT-IV
Control of HVDC converters: Principles of Link Control. Control Hierarchy, constant current control,
Firing Angle Controls, Extinction Angle Control, Starting and Stopping of a Link.

UNIT-V
Reactors and protection of DC line: SmoothingReactors, DC Line,Transient OverVoltages inDC Line,
Protection of DC Line, DC Breakers, MonopolarOperation,Effects
ofProximityofACandDCTransmissionLines. Generation of Harmonics, Design of AC Filters, DC Filters,
Carrier Frequency and RI Noise.

Course outcomes: Oncompletion ofthecourse:

x Students could grasp the key technology and system composition in modern HVAC & HVDC
design.
x Students could get familiar with the process of scientific research and report writing.
x Students could develop the abilities to put forward, analyze and solve problems.
x Students could intensify capacity in scientific research and innovation.

T1e.xt Books:
1. Rakesh Das Begmudre, Extra High Voltage C Transmission Engineering, Wiley Estern Limited.
2.
2. K.R. Padiyar, HVDC Power Transmission System, Wiley Estern Limited.
3. 3. E.W. Kimbark. EHV-AC and HVDC Transmission Engineering & Practice, Khanna Publishers.
R4e.ference Books:
1. S. Rao, EHVAC&DC Transmission.
5.
2. Arrillaga, “HVDC Transmission”2nd Edition, IEEE London Publication.
3. S. Rao,“EHVAC and DC Transmission” Khanna Publication.
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 Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University, Bhilai
Branch: B.Tech (Electrical & Electronics Engineering) Semester: VIII
Subject: Flexible AC Transmission System (Professional Elective -IV) Course Code: D025835(025)
Total Theory Periods: 40 Total Tutorial Periods: 10
Class Tests: Two (Minimum) Assignments: Two (Minimum)
ESE Duration: Three Hours Maximum Marks: 100, Minimum Marks: 35

Course Objectives:
1. To understand the concept of flexible AC transmission and the associated problems.
2. To review the static devices for series and shunt control.
3. To study the operation of controllers for enhancing the transmission capability.

UNIT-I
Introduction: Flow of power in AC system, loading capability, controllable parameters, basic types of
FACTS controllers, introduction of SCR’s, MOSFET’s, IGBT’s with working principles and its
applications.

UNIT-II
VoltageSourceConverters(VSC):Basic concepts of VSC, single-phase full wave bridge converter
operation, single phase-leg operation, three-phase full wavebridge converter and its operation,
transformer connections for 12-pulse.

UNIT-III
Current source converters (CSCs): Basic concepts, three-phase CSCs, three-phase full wave rectifier,
comparison of VSC and CSC. Static shunt compensators: basic concepts, method of controllable VAR
generation, variable impedance type static var generators – TCR and TSR, TSC, FC-TCR,TSC-TCR.
Introduction to Static VAR compensator (SVC), application of SVC in power systems.
UNIT-IV
EmergingFactsController: Introduction, mathematical model, working of STATCOM, V-I and V-Q
characteristics, transient stabilityenhancement and exchange of real power using STATCOM, comparison
of SVC and STATCOM, Merits of hybridcompensators.
UNIT-V
StaticSeriesCompensators: Objectives of series compensation, variable impedance type series
compensation: GTO thyristor controlled series capacitors (GCSC), thyristor controlled series capacitor
(TCSC), basic concepts of GCSC and TCSC. Introduction to Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC).

Course outcomes:
x Student will be able to describe operating principle of FACT devices.
x StudentswillalsogaintheknowledgeofAdvancedPowerElectronicsdevices.
Text Books:
1. Understanding FACTS by Hingorani.
2. Mohan Mathur, R., Rajiv. K. Varma, “Thyristor – Based Facts Controllers for Electrical
Transmission Systems”, IEEE press and John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Reference Books:
1. A.T. John, “Flexible AC Transmission System”, Institution of Electrical and Electronic Engineers
(IEEE), 1999.
2. Narain G. Hingorani, Laszio. Gyugyl, “Understanding FACTS Concepts and Technology of
Flexible AC Transmission System”, Standard Publishers, Delhi 2001.

Page 9 of 11
 Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University, Bhilai
Branch: B.Tech (Electrical & Electronics Engineering) Course Code: D025821(025)
Subject: Computer Aided Power System (Lab) Total Lab Periods: 24
Maximum Marks in ESE: 40, Minimum Marks in ESE: 20 Batch Size: 30

List of Experiments (At least ten experiments are to be performed by each student)
1. Formation of bus admittance matrices by step by step method.
2. Z-bus building algorithm using MATLAB.
3. Load flow solution using Gauss Seidel method.
4. Load flow solution using Newton Raphson.
5. Load flow solution using FDLF method.
6. Analysis of three phase short circuit fault using MATLAB.
7. Analysis of L-Gfaults using symmetrical components.
8. Analysis of L-L faults using symmetrical components.
9. Analysis of L-L-Gfaults using symmetrical components.
10. Development of MATLAB program for Transient stability analysis by point by point method.

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 Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University, Bhilai
Branch: B.Tech (Electrical & Electronics Engineering) Course Code: D025822(025)
Subject: Installation, Maintenance and Testing of Electrical Equipment (Lab) Total Lab Periods: 24
Maximum Marks in ESE: 40, Minimum Marks in ESE: 20 Batch Size: 30

List of Experiments (At least ten experiments are to be performed by each student)
1. Calibration of Ammeter and voltmeter.
2. To study and prepare the standard operating procedure required while taking electrical shutdown.
3. Calibration of Wattmeter.
4. Calibration of Energy meter.
5. Testing of wiring installation using megger.
6. Testing of Cable using Spark Tester.
7. Current Transformer Testing.
8. Potential Transformer Testing.
9. To study the Installation of Plate and Pipe earthing.
10. Measurement of Earth Resistance using Earth Tester.
11. To study the installation and routine test required for commissioning of 3phase Induction motor.
12. Study of Installation of Pole Mount Substation and preparation of it’s estimate.
13. Installation, Maintenance and Testing of HPMV/ Sodium Vapour/ Metal Halide Lamp.
14. Live Demonstration of Fire Fighting to extinguish Electrical Fire using Dry Powder type Fire
extinguisher. (Mock Demo to entire group/class at a time; No batch size limitation)
15. Live Demonstration of Artificial Respiration Techniques, Preferably by a Doctor with the help of
Dummy Model. (Mock Demo to entire group/class at a time; No batch size limitation)

Apparatus Required:
1. CT, PT
2. Energy meters
3. Ammeter, Voltmeter
4. Induction motor
5. Megger
6. Cable Tester
7. Fire extinguisher

Reference Books:
1. Testing, commissioning, operation and maintenance of Electrical equipments - S. Rao, 6th Edn.
Khanna Publishers.
2. A course in electrical and electronic measurement and instrumentation, Sawhney.

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