Grammar

Parts of speech
 Examples
1. Verb
Sophie ran to school because she was late
2. Noun
Amy is going to go on holiday to China
3. Adjective
Fatima has a huge house.
4. Adverb
Sophie is always late for school
5. Pronoun
Becky is a nice friend. She always helps me with my homework
6. Preposition
The cat jumped over the box
Get into the car quickly before we are late
7. Conjunction
I like to watch the television and eat popcorn
My friend is very loud, whereas I am very quiet.
8. Interjection
Wow! The view is amazing.
Find the eight parts of speech in the below sentence

The young girl brought me a long letter from the teacher and she quickly
disappeared. Oh my!

1. Verb
2. Noun
3. Adjective
4. Adverb
5. Pronoun
6. Preposition
7. Conjunction
8. Interjection
 The eight parts of speech in the below sentence

The young girl brought me a long letter from the teacher and she quickly
disappeared. Oh my!

1. Verb
2. Noun
3. Adjective
4. Adverb
5. Pronoun
6. Preposition
7. Conjunction
8. Interjection
 Regular Vs Irregular Verbs

Regular verbs : Any verb whose conjugation follows the typical pattern
Eg:
walk – walked – walked
dance – danced – danced
work – worked – worked
paint – painted – painted

Irregular Verbs : Verbs that follows a different pattern

Eg:
put – put – put
sit – sat – sat
drink – drank – drunk
eat – ate – eaten
 Irregular verbs

Infinitive form II form III form

Prepositions
Prepositions
 Time

•On is used with days.

I will see you on Monday.
The week begins on Sunday.

•At is used with noon, night, midnight, and with the time of day.
My plane leaves at noon.
The movie starts at 6 p.m.

•In is used with other parts of the day, with months, with years, with seasons.
He likes to read in the afternoon.
The days are long in August.
The book was published in 1999.
The flowers will bloom in spring.
 Time

•Since, for, by, from—to, from—until, during, (with)in – expresses extended time.

She has been gone since yesterday. (She left yesterday and has not returned.)
I'm going to Paris for two weeks. (I will spend two weeks there.)
The movie showed from August to/until October. (Beginning in August, ending in
October.)
I watch TV during the evening. (For some period of time in the evening.)
We must finish the project within a year. (No longer than a year.)
 Place

•In – describes where something is.

There is a wasp in the room.
I am in the car

•Inside – expresses something contained.

Put the present inside the box.

•On – talks about the surface.

I left your keys on the table.

•At – talks about a something specific.

She was waiting at Raj’s house.

•Over, above – when the object is higher than a point.

He threw the ball over the roof.
Hang that picture above the couch.
 Place

•Under, underneath, beneath, below – when the object is lower than a point.

The rabbit burrowed under the ground.

The child hid underneath the blanket.
We relaxed in the shade beneath the branches.
The valley is below sea-level.

•Near, by, next to, between, among, opposite – when the object is close to a point.

She lives near the school.

There is an ice cream shop by the store.
An oak tree grows next to my house
The house is between Elm Street and Maple Street.
I found my pen lying among the books.
The bathroom is opposite the kitchen.
 Introduce objects of verbs

•At – with verbs glance, laugh, look, rejoice, smile, and stare

She took a quick glance at her reflection. (exception with mirror: She took a quick glance
in the mirror.)
You didn't laugh at his joke.
I'm looking at the computer monitor.
We rejoiced at his safe rescue.
That pretty girl smiled at you.
Stop staring at me.

•Of – with verbs approve, consist, and smell

I don't approve of his speech.

My contribution to the article consists of many pages.
He came home smelling of alcohol.
•Of/About –with verbs dream and think

I dream of finishing college in four years.

Can you think of a number between one and ten?
I am thinking about this problem.

•For – with verbs call, hope, look, wait, watch, and wish

Did someone call for a taxi?

He hopes for a raise in salary next year.
I'm looking for my keys.
We'll wait for her here.
You go buy the tickets, and I'll watch for the train.
If you wish for an "A" in this class, you must work hard.
 Frequently Misused Prepositions

•beside, besides.
Beside means next to, whereas besides means in addition.
The comb is beside the brush.
Besides planning the trip, she is also getting the tickets.

•between, among.
Generally, between is used when two items/people are involved; with
three or more, among is preferred.
Among his friends, he is the most honest.
Between the two glasses, I like the blue one better

•inside of/outside of.

The of is always unnecessary.
Stay inside (not inside of) the house.
The man stayed outside (not outside of) the post office.
 Prepositions ON, AT, IN, BY

AT – Precise time (at sunset ..), you know exactly where or when something/somebody is ; age
I will meet you at 9:30 am today | Meet me at 31, Mahatma Gandhi Road, Ernakulam
I was at the age of 24 when I got my diploma

ON - large ways of travelling (train, bus, airplane, boat*)(exception: bicycle); less specific
time(Monday, Christmas day, Birthday, date); something is placed on a surface
He is on his bicycle | I will meet you on Monday | The marker is on the table
Note*- If the boat is huge, ‘on’ is the appropriate preposition

IN - small ways of travelling (car, taxi) where generally, it belongs to you; long periods of
time(weeks, months, years); inside something:
Raj is in the taxi | In September, I will quit my job | The pencil is in the pencil box
Note- If it’s a small fishing boat you own, ‘in’ is the appropriate preposition

BY - how you travelled ; something is close or near the something; denotes end time
I came here by car | The box is by the drawer | By 10 am, I will finish the homework
Use a preposition ( ON, IN, AT, BY ) in each blank

a. Jane goes to work by bus.

b. My birthday is …………………. March.
c. We are going to meet …………… 4:00 p.m.
d. Students must go to school …………….. weekdays.
e. Do you play tennis ……………….. the weekend?
f. His birthday is ………………… November 5th .
g. We have art lesson ……………. Mondays.
h. The shop closes ……………… midnight.
i. There should be a lot of progress ............... the next century
j. Do you think we will go to Jupiter ………………. the future?
k. Jane went home ……………. lunchtime.
Use a preposition ( ON, IN, AT, BY ) in each blank

a. Jane goes to work by bus.

b. My birthday is in March.
c. We are going to meet at 4:00 p.m.
d. Students must go to school on weekdays.
e. Do you play tennis on/at the weekend?
f. His birthday is on November 5th .
g. We have art lesson on Mondays.
h. The shop closes at midnight.
i. There should be a lot of progress in the next century
j. Do you think we will go to Jupiter in the future?
k. Jane went home at lunchtime.
 Fill in prepositions of time “AT / IN / ON” as in the
example

1. On Saturday 19. …………10 o’clock

2. ………. July 20. …………Thursday afternoon
3. ………. 1984 21. …..….. December
4. ………. March 25th 22. ………… February 8th
5. ………. Friday 23. ………… a quarter past six
6. ………. summer 24. ………. midnight
7. ………. the morning 25. ………… noon
8. ………… 9 o’clock 26. ………… Saturday night
9. ………… Christmas 27. ………. 1982
10. ………… September 28th 28. ………… 1964
11…………. 1991 29. ………... Friday evening
12. ……….. August 29th 30. ………. April
13. ……….. winter 31. ………… spring
14. ……….. the evening 32. ……….. Monday
15. ………… autumn 33. ………. April 2nd
16. ……….. half past two 34. ……….. night
17. ………… Monday morning 35. ……….. June 26th
18. ………… Easter
 Fill in prepositions of time “AT / IN / ON” as in the
example

1. ….on … Saturday 19. ……at……10 o’clock

2. ……in…. July 20. ……on……Thursday afternoon
3. ……in…. 1984 21. ……at…… noon
4. ……on…. March 25th 21. …..in….. December
5. ……on…. Friday 22. ……on…… February 8th
6. ……in…. summer 23. ……at…… quarter past six
7. ……in…. the morning 24. ……at…. midnight
8. ……at…… 9 o’clock 25. ……at…… noon
9. ……on…… Christmas 26. ……on…… Saturday night
10. ……on…… September 28th 27. ……in…. 1982
11……in……. 1991 28. ……in…… 1964
12. ……on….. August 29th 29. ……on…... Friday evening
13. ……in….. winter 30. ……in…. April
14. ……in….. the evening 31. ……in…… spring
15. ……in…… autumn 32. ……on….. Monday
16. ……at….. half past two 33. ……on…. April 2nd
17. ……on…… Monday morning 34. ……at….. night
18. ……on…… Easter 35. ……on….. June 26th
 Fill in the blanks using correct prepositions:
1. Tom lives ………….. 810 Rueli Street.
2. The course begins …………. 8 June and ends ………….. October.
3. Peter is …………. grade 7.
4. Peter goes to school ………….. Monday …………. Friday.
5. Students don’t get any lessons …………. the weekends.
6. Sheila gets up …………. 6.30 every morning.
7. Mike and his family go for a walk ………… the evenings.
8. Michael has got a lot of posters and pictures ………….. cars ………. the wall ………. his room.
9. I go to school ……….. bus.
10. I went to bed ………… midnight and got up …………. 10.00 ………. the morning.
11. Mozart was born ………….. Salzburg …………. 1756.
12. He met and fell in love with a French girl when he was ….….the London School of Economics
13. Who is sitting ………….. to you?
14. There is a lamp …………… the table.
15. Hurry up! We are going to the cinema …………… five minutes.
16. I haven’t seen Ann for a few days. I last saw her …………. Tuesday.
17. Jack’s brother is an engineer but he’s out of work ………… the moment.
18. Are you a teacher ……………… this school?
19. ……………. sunny days we usually go on a picnic.
20. I usually listen ……….. pop music, because I’m interested ………… it.
21. Mary was born ……… 20th March ………… 1982.
22. She is …………. vacation. She is ……………. Italy now.
23. ………….. Christmas I’d like to visit my relatives.
24. I last saw him ………… March.
25. Section 5 is ………….. the first floor of the Prep School.
26. It is another three weeks ………….the holidays
27. Ahmet’s grandmother died ..……….. 1990 …………. the age of 81.
28. Were there many people …………. the concert?
29. He speaks quite good French. He studied ……….. Paris for a year.
30. Do you mind? I was ………....you
31. We should arrive …..……..their place ……….… time ………….lunch
32. Granny is arriving ……..…. her dog
33. Last year, there were a large number of mangoes ………… the tree
34. You walk very fast. You’re always five steps ……………. me.
35. There are emergency telephones all ………… the E-5 Motorway.
36. I will be very angry with you if I see your bicycle leaning ………….. the rose tree again.
37. There’s a big dog ………… you. Quick! Run away!
38. Someone parked his car ………. ………… of my gate. I can’t go out.
39. There is a concert. A lot of people are ……………. the stadium.
40. Mary is sitting …………… John and Sebastian.
41. The dog is swimming …………. the river.
42. His house is …….….the way from Mumbai to Thane.
 Fill in the blanks using correct prepositions:
1. Tom lives at 810 Rueli Street.
2. The course begins on 8 June and ends in October.
3. Peter is in grade 7.
4. Peter goes to school from Monday to Friday.
5. Students don’t get any lessons on the weekends.
6. Sheila gets up at 6.30 every morning.
7. Mike and his family go for a walk in the evenings.
8. Michael has got a lot of posters and pictures of cars on the wall of his room.
9. I go to school by bus.
10. I went to bed at midnight and got up at 10.00 in the morning.
11. Mozart was born in/at Salzburg in 1756.
12. He met and fell in love with a French girl when he was at The London School of Economics
13. Who is sitting with/in front of/ behind/next to you?
14. There is a lamp on the table.
15. Hurry up! We are going to the cinema in five minutes.
16. I haven’t seen Ann for a few days. I last saw her on Tuesday.
17. Jack’s brother is an engineer but he’s out of work at the moment.
18. Are you a teacher at/in this school?
19. On sunny days we usually go on a picnic.
20. I usually listen to pop music, because I’m interested in it.
21. Mary was born on 20th March in 1982.
22. She is on vacation. She is in Italy now.
23. On Christmas, I’d like to visit my relatives.
24. I last saw him in March.
25. Section 5 is on the first floor of the Prep School.
26. It is another three weeks until/to the holidays.
27. Ahmet’s grandmother died in 1990 at the age of 81.
28. Were there many people at the concert?
29. He speaks quite good French. He studied in Paris for a year.
30. Do you mind? I was in front of/before you
31. We should arrive at their place in time for lunch
32. Granny is arriving with her dog
33. Last year, there were a large number of mangoes on the tree
34. You walk very fast. You’re always five steps ahead of me.
35. There are emergency telephones all throughout the E-5 Motorway.
36. I will be very angry with you if I see your bicycle leaning towards the rose tree again.
37. There’s a big dog behind you. Quick! Run away!
38. Someone parked his car in front of my gate. I can’t go out.
39. There is a concert. A lot of people are at the stadium.
40. Mary is sitting with John and Sebastian.
41. The dog is swimming in the river.
42. His house is on the way from Mumbai to Thane.
Tenses
 Present Past Future
General truth and Actions performed Planned events
permanent in the past (with •The doctor will see you
actions/record finished time at 9 am
•The sun sets in the expressions) Predicting
West •Experts say food prices
•She left school last
General context/ will rise
year
general observation Unplanned
Past habit •Hey! I’ll give you a ride
SIMPLE

•A child that stays up

late at night does not •She always carried an to the subway
function well in the umbrella Ordering
morning class. Present perfect+ •I‘ll have a pizza today
Current situation that time when the action Promising
doesn’t show signs of takes place/ •I’ll return your book
changing; repeated sometimes implied tomorrow
actions; scheduled •(I have met your dad+ Offering
event mentioned time)=I •I’ll help you with H.W
•Jane works at the met your dad Possibility
library |I brush my teeth •Maybe I will take a
yesterday
twice a day | The client break and watch a
•I didn’t sleep well (it movie tonight
arrives at 5
implies yesterday)
I play tennis once a
I played tennis last Tomorrow, I will play
week. Wednesday. tennis.
 Negative sentence
Forms Question sentence

Simple Present Tense

Time phrases:
I/You/We/They infinitive I/You/We/They work
Always, every month, never,
I/You/We/They do not work
often, seldom, normally,
Do I/You/We/They work?
sometimes, usually, twice a
He/she/it infinitive+s He/She/It works
week/day…, all the time
He/She/It does not work
Does he/she/it work?
Simple Past Tense
Regular- infinitive+ed I/You/We/They/He/She/It worked
I/You/We/They/He/She/It did not work Yesterday, 2 hours..ago, in
Did I/You/We/They/He/She/It work?
1970, the other day, last
Irregular- II column(past tense) month…
I/You/We/They/He/She/It went
I/You/We/They/He/She/It did not go
Did I/You/We/They/He/She/It go?
Simple Future Tense Tomorrow, the day after
Will+ infinitive I/You/We/They/He/She/It will work tomorrow, one of these days,
I/You/We/They/He/She/It will not work next week, in the near future,
Will I/You/We/They/He/She/It work? some day, in two days.
 Present Past Future
To talk about actions To talk about an To talk about an
that are happening action taking place in action at a particular
now, at the moment the middle of another moment in the future.
of speaking action in the past This action has begun
•I am writing the •When I went to see before a certain time.
CONTINUOUS

assignment right now Raj, he was sleeping •At 5 O’clock

To talk about actions on his couch tomorrow, I will be
that are happening Someone was doing presenting my
around now, but not something in the past seminar at the
exactly at the moment and you don’t know Seminar hall
of speaking whether it is finished
•Raj is preparing for or not
his exam these days •Athira was working
To speak about what when I went to see
you have already her yesterday
arranged to do
•Today, I am going to
the Police Station

I am playing tennis I was playing tennis I will be playing

now. this afternoon. tennis tomorrow.
 Negative sentence
Forms Question sentence

Present Continuous Tense

Time phrases:
be(am/are/is)+infinitive+ing
I am working | You/We/They are working | He/She/It is working Now, at the moment, these
I am not working | You/We/They are not working | He/She/It is not working days, this morning, today..
Am I working? | Are you/we/they working? | Is he/she/it working?

Past Continuous Tense

Was/were + infinitive + ing At 6 o’clock yesterday, from 3
I/He/She/It was working | You/We/They were working to 6, On Monday, when Dad
I/He/She/It was not working | You/We/They were not working came, while
Was I/He/She/It working? | Were You/We/They working?

Future Continuous Tense

Will + be + infinitive + ing At 5 o’clock tomorrow, this
I/You/We/They/He/She/It will be working time on Sunday, when I come
I/You/We/They/He/She/It will not be working
Will I/You/We/They/He/She/It be working?
 Fill in the blanks in present continuous tense

1. He is teaching (teach) his son to ride a bike.

2. A: Why ………………….….. Ann ..……………… (wear) her new dress?
B: Because she ……………………………… (have) a party tonight.
3. Cindy usually does the shopping, but I ……………………………… (do) it today because she is ill.
4. She ………………………….. (not / work), she ……………………………… (swim) in the river.
5. A: ……………………. Tom ……………………… (clean) his shoes now?
B: No, he is not. He …………………………….. (tidy) his room.
A: Where is his brother?
B: He is in the garden, he ..………………………… (water) the flowers.
 Fill in the blanks in present continuous tense

1. He is teaching his son to ride a bike.

2. A: Why is Ann wearing her new dress?
B: Because she is having a party tonight.
3. Cindy usually does the shopping, but I am doing it today because she is ill.
4. She is not working, she is swimming in the river.
5. A: Is Tom cleaning his shoes now?
B: No, he is not. He is tidying his room.
A: Where is his brother?
B: He is in the garden, he is watering the flowers.
Write DON’T, DOESN’T, ISN’T, AREN’T or AM NOT in the
blank space in each sentence: Don’t – do not
Doesn’t – does not

a. He isn’t listening to the radio right now. (Present continuous)

b. He doesn’t listen to the radio every evening. (Simple Present)
c. We …………………. watching a television program now. (Roll no 3)
d. We …………………. watch television every day. (Roll no 4)
e. They …………………. study their lessons after class. (Roll no 4)
f. They …………………. studying their lessons right now. (Roll no 4)
g. It ………………….. raining very hard right at the moment. (Roll no 4)
h. It ……………………rain very much during the summer. (Roll no 4)
i. Mr. Johnson ………………… eating his lunch now. (Roll no 4)
j. Mr. Johnson ………………… always eat at that place.
k. I ……………………. see any students in that room.
l. I ………………….. listening to anything right now.
Write DON’T, DOESN’T, ISN’T, AREN’T or AM NOT in the
blank space in each sentence:

a. He isn’t listening to the radio right now.

b. He doesn’t listen to the radio every evening.
c. We aren’t watching a television program now.
d. We don’t watch television every day.
e. They don’t study their lessons after class.
f. They aren’t studying their lessons right now.
g. It isn’t raining very hard right at the moment.
h. It doesn’t rain very much during the summer.
i. Mr. Johnson isn’t eating his lunch now.
j. Mr. Johnson doesn’t always eat at that place.
k. I don’t see any students in that room.
l. I am not listening to anything right now.
 Fill in the blanks in past continuous tense

1. Alice hurt herself while she was skating

2. I met my neighbor while I ………………………………………. (walk) home from work.
3. Sally saw a friend while she …………………………….. (ride) her bicycle along Park St.
4. Peter fell asleep while he …………………………………… (study).
5. Bob stepped on Jane’s feet while they ………………………………….. (dance) together.
6. I cut myself while I ……………………………………. (shave).
7. Mr. and Mrs. Brown burned themselves while they …………………………... (bake) cookies.
8. Tommy had a nightmare while he …………………………….. (sleep) at a friend’s house.
 Fill in the blanks in past continuous tense

1. Alice hurt herself while she was skating (skate).

2. I met my neighbor while I was walking (walk) home from work.
3. Sally saw a friend while she was riding (ride) her bicycle along Park St.
4. Peter fell asleep while he was studying (study).
5. Bob stepped on Jane’s feet while they were dancing (dance) together.
6. I cut myself while I was shaving (shave).
7. Mr. and Mrs. Brown burned themselves while they were baking (bake) cookies.
8. Tommy had a nightmare while he was sleeping (sleep) at a friend’s house.
 Fill in the blanks in future continuous tense

1. I’m going to watch television from 9 until 10 o’clock this evening. So at 9.30 I …….television (watch)
2. Tomorrow afternoon I’m going to play tennis from 3 o’clock until 4.30. So at 4 o’clock tomorrow I
………tennis (play)
3. Jim is going to study from 7 o’clock until 10 o’clock this evening. So at 8.30 this evening he …… (study)
4. We are going to clean the flat tomorrow. It will take from 9 until 11 o’clock. So at 10 o’clock tomorrow
morning, we…….(clean)
5. Tom is a football fan and there is a football match on television this evening. The match begins at 7.30
and ends at 9.15. So at 8.30 this evening, he………… (watch)
6. Don’t phone me between 7 and 8. ……….. (we / finish) dinner then.
7. A: Can we meet tomorrow afternoon?
B: Not in the afternoon. ………… (I / work).
8. Do you think …………. (you / still / do) the same job in ten years’ time?
9. If you need to contact me, …….. (I / stay) at the Hilton Hotel until Friday.
10. A: …………. (you / see) Laura tomorrow?
B: Yes, probably. Why?
A: I borrowed this book from her. Can you give it back to her?
 Fill in the blanks in future continuous tense

1. I’m going to watch television from 9 until 10 o’clock this evening. So at 9.30, I will be watching
television
2. Tomorrow afternoon, I’m going to play tennis from 3 o’clock until 4.30. So at 4 o’clock tomorrow, I will
be playing tennis
3. Jim is going to study from 7 o’clock until 10 o’clock this evening. So at 8.30 this evening, he will be
studying
4. We are going to clean the flat tomorrow. It will take from 9 until 11 o’clock. So at 10 o’clock tomorrow
morning, we will be cleaning the flat
5. Tom is a football fan and there is a football match on television this evening. The match begins at 7.30
and ends at 9.15. So at 8.30 this evening, he will be watching the football match
6. Don’t phone me between 7 and 8. We will be finishing (we / finish) dinner then.
7. A: Can we meet tomorrow afternoon?
B: Not in the afternoon. I will be working (I / work).
8. Do you think you will be still doing (you / still / do) the same job in ten years’ time?
9. If you need to contact me, I will be staying (I / stay) at the Hilton Hotel until Friday.
10. A: Will you be seeing (you / see) Laura tomorrow?
 Ask questions in future continuous tense

1. You want to borrow your friend’s bicycle this evening.

(you / use / your bicycle this evening?)
………………………………………………………………………………….
2. You want your friend to give Tom a message this afternoon.
(you / see / Tom this afternoon?)
………………………………………………………………………………….
3. You want to use your friend’s typewriter tomorrow evening.
(you / use / your typewriter tomorrow evening?)
………………………………………………………………………………….
4. Your friend is going shopping. You want him/her to buy some stamps for you at the post office.
(you / pass / the post office when you’re in town?)
Will you be passing the post office when you’re in town?
 Ask questions in future continuous tense

1. You want to borrow your friend’s bicycle this evening.

(you / use / your bicycle this evening?)
Will you be using your bicycle this evening?

2. You want your friend to give Tom a message this afternoon.

(you / see / Tom this afternoon?)
Will you be seeing Tom this afternoon?

3. You want to use your friend’s typewriter tomorrow evening.

(you / use / your typewriter tomorrow evening?)
Will you be using your typewriter tomorrow evening?

4. Your friend is going shopping. You want him/her to buy some stamps for you at the post office.
(you / pass / the post office when you’re in town?)
Will you be passing the post office when you’re in town?
 Fill in the blanks with present continuous or simple
present:

1. The children are playing (play) outside now. ( ‘now’ denotes it is happening right now, thus,
it is continuous tense)
2. She usually ………………………. (read) the newspaper in the morning.
3. I …………………………… (do) my homework now.
4. I ………………………… (eat) my dinner now.
5. ……………………………. (you / want) a pizza?
6. They …………………………….. (watch) TV now.
7. I ……………………………. (not / like) spaghetti.
8. The baby …………………………. (sleep) now.
9. My mother usually…………………. (cook) dinner in the evening.
10. He …………………….. (write) a letter to his pen-friend every month.
11. She ………………………. (not / like) football.
12. Mary ………………………….. (listen) to music now.
13. Tom usually……………………(drink) coffee, but he …………………. (drink) tea now.
14. We ………………………. (go) to the disco tonight.
15. ………………………… (he / go) to work by bus everyday.
 Continued..

16. Susan usually ………. (go) to school by bus, but now she ……….. (go) to school by train.

17. Mary often …….. (read) in bed, but today she is very tired and she ………. (not / read).

18. The boys usually ……… (ride) their bikes to school. They ……… (be) very naughty boys.
They always ……… (go) to school late. Today their teacher ………. (be) very angry, because they
…… (be) late again.

19. Mary …….. (like / eat) sweets. Every morning she ………. (have) coffee with a lot of sweets
and chocolate. For lunch she and her friends often ……….. (eat) sweets or ice-cream. She
……… (not / like / eat) fruits or vegetables. She ………… (eat / never) eggs or cheese. Today she
……….. (be) sick. She …………… (sleep) in her room now.

Note: Words such as hate, like, love, prefer, want etc don’t have ING forms
Liking, loving, preferring, wanting, hating
 Fill in the blanks with present continuous or simple
present:

1. The children are playing (play) outside now.

2. She usually reads (read) the newspaper in the morning.
3. I am doing (do) my homework now.
4. I am eating (eat) my dinner now.
5. Do you want (you / want) a pizza?
6. They are watching (watch) TV now.
7. I do not like (not / like) spaghetti.
8. The baby is sleeping (sleep) now.
9. My mother usually cooks (cook) dinner in the evening.
10. He writes (write) a letter to his pen-friend every month.
11. She does not like (not / like) football.
12. Mary is listening (listen) to music now.
13. Tom usually drinks (drink) coffee, but he is drinking (drink) tea now.
14. We are going (go) to the disco tonight.
15. He goes (he / go) to work by bus everyday.
 Continued..

16. Susan usually goes (go) to school by bus, but now she is going (go) to school by train.

17. Mary often reads (read) in bed, but today she is not reading (not / read).

18. The boys usually ride (ride) their bikes to school. They are (be) very naughty boys. They
always go (go) to school late. Today their teacher is (be) very angry, because they are (be) late
again.

19. Mary likes to eat (like / eat) sweets. Every morning she has (have) coffee with a lot of
sweets and chocolate. For lunch she and her friends often eat (eat) sweets or ice-cream. She
does not like (not / like / eat) fruits or vegetables. She never eats (eat / never) eggs or
cheese. Today she is (be) sick. She is sleeping (sleep) in her room now.
Make sentences with Future continuous tense

Example: I’m playing tennis now. (this afternoon) Present Continuous

I will be playing tennis this afternoon Future Continuous Tense

1. He is sleeping now. (at eleven o’clock)

2. We’re working very hard. (at this time next month)
3. They are travelling. (all night) They will be travelling all night
4. She’s doing the washing up. (in an hour’s time)
5. He’s still mending his car. (at dinner time)
6. I am driving a BMW. (in two years’ time)
7. I’m studying English. (from 8 to 10)
8. I’m having an interview now. (at 2 o’clock this afternoon)
9. We’re listening to pop music. (at this time tomorrow)
Make sentences with Future continuous tense
1. He is sleeping now. (at eleven o’clock)
He will be sleeping at eleven o’clock
2. We’re working very hard. (at this time next month)
We will be working very hard at this time next month
3. They are travelling. (all night)
They will be travelling all night
4. She’s doing the washing up. (in an hour’s time)
She will be doing the washing up in an hour’s time
5. He’s still mending his car. (at dinner time)
He will be still mending his car at dinner time
6. I am driving a BMW. (in two years’ time)
I will be driving a BMW in two years’ time
7. I’m studying English. (from 8 to 10)
I will be studying English from 8 to 10
8. I’m having an interview now. (at 2 o’clock this afternoon)
I will be having an interview at 2 o’clock this afternoon
9. We’re listening to pop music. (at this time tomorrow)
We will be listening to pop music at this time tomorrow
 Use the correct tense:

1. Look! Jane ………………………… (sing) again. She often …………………….. (sing) this song.
2. My father …………………………(have) a lot of work to do every weekend.
3. The girls ……………………….. (not / talk) now. All of them ………………………… (watch) a film.
4. …………………… you …………………….. (like) watching TV?
5. He …………………….. (usually / go) at 9:00 o’clock, but this morning he …………………….. (leave) home late.
6. I ………………… (visit) my grandparents every Friday. My sister ……………………. (often / visit) them.
7. The boys ……………………….. (swim) in the pool now but they ……………………………… (usually / swim) in the sea.
8. She ……………………………….(write) a letter to her pen-friend at the moment.
9. They ……………………….. (sometimes / have) lunch at work, but today they …………………………. (have) at a restaurant.
10. She can’t talk to you. She ……………………………. (have) a shower.
11. “Where …………………………… Alex ……………………… (live)? “In France.”
12. Tom …………………………… (like / ride) a horse in his free times.
13. The children ………………………… (play) the piano and ……………………… (sing) a song at the moment.
14. My mother ……………………………………. (always / cook) in the morning.
15. What …………………………………… (you / usually / do) at weekends?
16. Jane …………………………………… (give) a party today because it ………………………… (be) her birthday.
17. The lesson …………………………… (start) at 9 o’clock every morning.
18. Adam is in his room now. He …………… (write) a letter to his pen-friend. He ………….. (always / write) him a letter.
 Use the correct tense:

1. Look! Jane is singing (sing) again. She often sings (sing) this song.
2. My father has (have) a lot of work to do every weekend.
3. The girls are not talking (not / talk) now. All of them are watching (watch) a film.
4. Do you like watching TV?
5. He usually goes at 9:00 o’clock, but this morning he left home late.
6. I visit my grandparents every Friday. My sister often visits them.
7. The boys are swimming in the pool now but they usually swim in the sea.
8. She is writing a letter to her pen-friend at the moment.
9. They sometimes have lunch at work, but today they are having at a restaurant.
10. She can’t talk to you. She is having a shower.
11. “Where does Alex live? “In France.”
12. Tom likes to ride a horse in his free time.
13. The children are playing the piano and singing a song at the moment.
14. My mother always cooks in the morning.
15. What do you usually do at weekends?
16. Jane is giving a party today because it is her birthday.
17. The lesson starts at 9 o’clock every morning.
18. Adam is in his room now. He is writing a letter to his pen-friend. He always writes him a letter.
Change the following sentences into POSITIVE, NEGATIVE and
QUESTION form
1. (+)You know the answer. Note: When you have a verb form
(-) You do not know the answer (do/does/have/has) instead of a proper
(?) Do you know the answer? verb, then when you change it into a
negative or a question sentence, you
2. He has breakfast at 8 o’clock. * need to use ‘do/have’ as the verb form.
(-) …………………………………………………………………………………….
(?)……………………………………………………………………………………..

3. Some schoolgirls do not wear uniforms.

(+)………………………………………………………………………………………
(?) ………………………………………………………………………………………
4. Does she cut her husband’s hair?
(+) ………………………………………………………………………………………
(-) ………………….…………………………………………………………………..
5. She does her homework everyday. *
(-)………………………………………………………………………………………..
(?) ……………………………………………………………………………………….
Change the following sentences into POSITIVE, NEGATIVE and
QUESTION form

2. He has breakfast at 8 o’clock.

(-) He doesn’t have breakfast at 8 o’clock
(?) Does he have breakfast at 8 o’clock?

3. Some schoolgirls don’t wear uniforms.

(+) Some schoolgirls wear uniforms
(?) Do some schoolgirls wear uniforms?

4. Does she cut her husband’s hair?

(+) She cuts her husband’s hair
(-) She doesn’t cut her husband’s hair

5. She does her homework everyday.

(-) She doesn’t do her homework everyday
(?) Does she do her homework everyday?
 Answer the questions
1. How did Alice hurt herself? (play soccer)
She hurt herself while she was playing soccer
2. How did Martin burn himself? (iron his clothes)
Note: When you have ‘did’
……………………………………………………………………………………………… in a question sentence, the
3. How did Helen cut herself? (slice onions) verb will given in infinitive
……………………………………………………………………………………………… form
4. How did Jennifer meet her husband? (fix a flat tire)
………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. How did Marvin break his arm? (skate)
………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. How did you lose your wallet? (ride my bicycle)
………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. How did Jeff meet his wife? (swim at the beach)
………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. How did Bob get a black eye? (fight with his brother)
………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. How did your children burn themselves? (make breakfast)
………………………………………………………………………………………………
10. How did Martha fall? (dance)
………………………………………………………………………………………………
 Answer the questions
1. How did Alice hurt herself? (play soccer)
She hurt herself while she was playing soccer
2. How did Martin burn himself? (iron his clothes)
Martin burned himself while he was ironing his clothes
3. How did Helen cut herself? (slice onions)
Helen cut herself while she was slicing onions
4. How did Jennifer meet her husband? (fix a flat tire)
Jennifer met her husband while she was fixing a flat tire
5. How did Marvin break his arm? (skate)
Marvin broke his arm while he was skating
6. How did you lose your wallet? (ride my bicycle)
I lost my wallet while I was riding my bicycle
7. How did Jeff meet his wife? (swim at the beach)
Jeff met his wife while he was swimming at the beach
8. How did Bob get a black eye? (fight with his brother)
Bob got a black eye while he was fighting with his brother
9. How did your children burn themselves? (make breakfast)
My children burned themselves while they were making breakfast
10. How did Martha fall? (dance)
Martha fell while she was dancing
Fill in the blanks with a correct form, the past simple or the
past continuous

1. He ………………………………….. (talk) with Mary, when Mrs. Smith came in.

2. They ………………………………… (study) two hours last night.
3. Jane …………………………………. (sleep) when the telephone rang.
4. As I …………………………………. (walk) to the lab, I met my friend.
5. We ………………………………….. (watch) TV last night.
6. The customer ………………………… (pay) his cheque when he dropped his credit card.
7. The barber …………………………………. (cut) my hair yesterday.
8. She ………………………………. (dance) when she hurt her ankle.
9. It …………………………………. (rain) hard when I got up.
10. It …………………………………. (rain) hard last night.

Note: When you have ‘as/when/while’, there will be continuous

as well as simple tense in the sentence as it denotes two actions
happening simultaneously
 Fill in the blanks with a correct form
past simple or past continuous

1. He was talking with Mary, when Mrs. Smith came in.

2. They studied for two hours last night.
3. Jane was sleeping when the telephone rang.
4. As I was walking to the lab, I met my friend.
5. We watched TV last night.
6. The customer was paying his cheque when he dropped his credit card.
7. The barber cut my hair yesterday.
8. She was dancing when she hurt her ankle.
9. It was raining hard when I got up.
10. It rained hard last night.
 Complete the sentences using the simple past or the past
continuous
1. Sally … (eat) dinner last night when someone …(knock) on the door.

2. I began to study at seven last night. Fred … (come) at seven- thirty. I … (study) when Fred ….(come).

3. While I …. (study) last night, Fred … (drop by) to visit me. Roll no. 33

4. My roommate’s parents …. (call) him last night while we ….. (watch) TV. Roll no. 33

5. My mother called me around five. My husband came home a little after five. When he … (come)
home, I …. (talk) to my mother on the phone.

6. Yesterday Tom and Janice … (go) to the zoo around one. They … (see) many kinds of animals. They
stayed at the zoo for two hours. While they … (walk) home, it … (begin) to rain, so they … (stop) at a
small café and …(have) a cup of coffee.

7. Yesterday afternoon I … (go) to visit the Parker family. When I ... (get) there around two o’clock, Mrs.
Parker …. (be) in the yard. She … (plant) flowers in her garden. Mr. Parker ….. (be) in the garage. He
... (work) on their car. He …. (change) the oil.
 Continued…

8. While they …………… (travel) to China, Marco ……………. (keep) a diary.

9. Mrs. White ……………. (drive) past a house in Main Street when she …………… (see) the ground floor on fire.

10. While he …………. (fly) off the Miami Coast, the pilot ………….. (see) sharks approaching the swimmers.

11. The fireman ………… (fight) the fire on a balcony below when he …………… (hear) someone’s shouts.

12. She …………… (die) while she …………….. (run) after a bus.

13. We ………….. (have) dinner when the electricity …………… (go) off.

14. She …………… (think) of something else while you ………….. (talk) to her.

15. I ………….. (see) her while I …………. (look) out of the window.

16. While the teacher ………….. (talk), the students ………….. (look) at an insect on the ceiling.
 Complete the sentences using the simple past or the past
continuous

1. Sally was eating dinner last night when someone knocked on the door.

2. I began to study at seven last night. Fred came at seven- thirty. I was studying when Fred came.

3. While I was studying last night, Fred dropped by to visit me.

4. My roommate’s parents called him last night while we were watching TV.

5. My mother called me around five. My husband came home a little after five. When he came
home, I was talking to my mother on the phone.

6. Yesterday Tom and Janice went to the zoo around one. They saw many kinds of animals. They
stayed at the zoo for two hours. While they were walking home, it began to rain, so they stopped at
a small café and had a cup of coffee.

7. Yesterday afternoon I went to visit the Parker family. When I got there at around two o’clock, Mrs.
Parker was in the yard. She was planting flowers in her garden. Mr. Parker was in the garage. He was
working on their car. He was changing the oil.
 Continued…

8. While they were travelling to China, Marco kept a diary.

9. Mrs. White was driving past a house in Main Street when she saw the ground floor on fire.

10. While he was flying off the Miami Coast, the pilot saw sharks approaching the swimmers.

11. The fireman was fighting the fire on a balcony below when he heard someone’s shouts.

12. She died while she was running after a bus.

13. We were having dinner when the electricity went off.

14. She thought of something else while you were talking to her.

15. I saw her while I was looking out of the window.

16. While the teacher was talking, the students looked at an insect on the ceiling.
 Write appropriate questions
1. Who did you visit ? I visited my cousin.
2. ……………………………………………….? We talked about my job. Roll no 2
3…………………………………………………? She went to the beach. Roll no 15
4. ……………………………………………….? She met her friend. Roll no 16
5. ……………………………………………….? They spoke Russian. Roll no 17
6. ……………………………………………….? They swam in the ocean. Roll no 18
7. ……………………………………………….? He had dinner at 8:00. Roll no 19
8. ……………………………………………….? I baked an apple pie. Roll no 21
9. ……………………………………………….? She cried because her dog ran away. Roll no 22
10. ……………………………………………….? I stayed for a week. Roll no 23
11. ……………………………………………….? I came home by train. Roll no 24
12. ……………………………………………….? He ate three hamburgers. Roll no 27
13. ……………………………………………….? He left the restaurant at 9:00. Roll no 28
14. ……………………………………………….? She wrote a letter to her mother. Roll no 29
15. ……………………………………………….? They studied all morning. Roll no 26
16. ……………………………………………….? We took a lot of photographs. Roll no 3
17. ……………………………………………….? We sent a postcard to our teacher. Roll no 5
18. ……………………………………………….? He fell asleep during the lecture. Roll no 6
19. ……………………………………………….? I lost my wallet while I was skating. Roll no 7
20. ……………………………………………….? They covered their eyes because they were scared. Roll no 8
 Write appropriate questions
1. Who did you visit ? I visited my cousin.
2. What did you talk about? We talked about my job.
3. Where did she go? She went to the beach.
4. Who did she meet? She met her friend.
5. Which language did they speak? They spoke Russian.
6. Where did they swim? They swam in the ocean.
7. When did he have dinner? He had dinner at 8:00.
8. What did you bake? I baked an apple pie.
9. Why did she cry? She cried because her dog ran away.
10. How long did you stay? I stayed for a week.
11. How did you come home? I came home by train.
12. What did he eat? He ate three hamburgers.
13. When did he leave the restaurant? He left the restaurant at 9:00.
14. What did she write and who did she write it to? She wrote a letter to her mother.
15. How long did they study? They studied all morning.
16. What did we take? We took a lot of photographs.
17. What did you send to your teacher? We sent a postcard to our teacher.
18. What did he do during the lecture? He fell asleep during the lecture.
19. How did you lose your wallet? I lost my wallet while I was skating.
20. Why did they cover their eyes? They covered their eyes because they were scared.
 Present Past Future
To describe an Mostly when there Something that will
experience are two actions in a have already
•I’ve travelled the world story that are significant happened before a
To describe change & related. The action
certain time in future.
over a period of time which had already
•By next February I
•This restaurant has happened is Past Perfect
become very popular & the other action is will have written my
PERFECT

To describe Simple Past. third book.

accomplishments •Rachel took a cab
•Man has been to the home. When she got
moon home, she couldn’t go
A continuing inside because she had
significant action that left her keys at the party Time phrases: By this
started in the past The past of Present time tomorrow, by 2
•Sam has worked here Perfect (has/have-> had) o’clock tomorrow,
for 7 years Time phrases: Before, when you come back..
Time phrases: Already, already, because, since,
ever, just, never, yet, so by the time, same
far, till now, up to now, adverbs as present
lately, recently, this is perfect but in past
the first time… context… By February 2020, I
I have played tennis I had played tennis will have played tennis
since I was a child. before I moved to Goa. for 5 years
 Past Perfect

When we talk about something that happened in the past, we write it in the order of significance and
not in chronological order. In such an instance, we use past perfect to denote the past of the past.

Rachel took a cab (2) home. When she got home (3), she couldn’t go inside (4) because she had left her
keys at the party.(1)
Rachel took a car home 2nd action
She got home 3rd action
She couldn’t go inside 4th action
She left keys at the party 1 st action
Given Order 2,3,4,1 (order of significance)
Chronological order should be 1,2,3,4…
So, the 1st action will take past perfect tense since it’s out of order

Eg 1: I ……………..(not recognize) Harvey because I …………….(not see) him in ten years, so I ………(walk)
right by him!
Eg 2: I …………(be) nervous about the piano recital; I …….(has) never ………….(perform) in front of an
audience before. But by the time the recital ………….(begin), I ………….(practice) so much that I
…………(know) I was ready
 Examples
Eg 1: I ……………..(not recognise) Harvey because I …………….(not see) him in ten years, so I ………(walk) right
by him!
1. I have not seen him in ten years
2. I did not recognise Harvey
3. I walked right by him

Given Order : 2, 1, 3
Out of order 1 -Past perfect

Eg 2: I …………(be) nervous about the piano recital; I …….(has) never ………….(perform) in front of an
audience before. But by the time the recital ………….(begin), I ………….(practice) so much that I
…………(know) I was ready
1. I never performed in front of an audience before
2. I was nervous about the piano recital
3. I practised so much
4. The recital began, I knew I was ready

Given Order : 2, 1, 4, 3, 4
Out of order 1, 3 - Past Perfect
 Answers

I did not recognize Harvey because I had not seen him in ten years, so I walked right by
him!

Given Order : 2, 1, 3
Out of order 1 Past Perfect
Simple Past 2,3

I was nervous about the piano recital; I had never performed in front of an audience
before. But by the time the recital began, I had practiced so much that I knew I was ready

Given Order : 2, 1, 4, 3, 4
Out of order 1, 3 Past Perfect
Simple Past 2,4,4
 V3, past participle, 3rd form Negative sentence
V1 V2 V3 Forms Question sentence
Go went gone

Present Perfect Tense

Regular verbs- Has/have + infinitive+ ed Irregular verbs- Has/have + III column(past participle)

I/You/We/They have worked | He/She/It has worked I/You/We/They have gone | He/She/It has gone
I/You/We/They have not worked | He/She/It has not worked I/You/We/They have not gone|He/She/It has not gone
Have I/you/we/they worked? | Has he/she/It worked? Have I/you/we/they gone? | Has he/she/It gone?
Past Perfect Tense
Regular verbs- Had + infinitive+ ed Irregular verbs- Had + III column(past participle)

I/You/We/They/He/She/It had worked I/You/We/They/He/She/It had gone

I/You/We/They/He/She/It had not worked I/You/We/They/He/She/It had not gone
Had I/You/We/They/He/She/It worked? Had I/You/We/They/He/She/It gone?
Future Perfect Tense
Regular verbs- will + Have + infinitive+ ed Irregular verbs- will + Have +III column(past participle)

I/You/We/They/He/She/It will have worked I/You/We/They/He/She/It will have gone

I/You/We/They/He/She/It will not have worked I/You/We/They/He/She/It will not have gone
Will I/You/We/They/He/She/It have worked? Will I/You/We/They/He/She/It have gone?
Write a suitable sentence using the present perfect tense

Example: Ann’s hair was dirty. Now it’s clean. (wash)

Ann has washed her hair

1. Tom was 80 kg. Now he’s 70. (lose weight)……………………..

2. Bill played football yesterday. Now he can’t walk; his leg is in plaster. (break)………………………
3. My sister is looking for her pen. (lose) …………………………
4. Mary is on holiday in France. (go) ……………………………
5. Look! Mrs. Smith has got a lot of packages. (buy) ……………………………………….
6. I can’t eat anything now. (eat too much) ………………………………………
7. Mrs. Jenkins is very tired. (clean / house) ……………………………………………
8. Tony needs a holiday. (work / hard / this year) ……………………………………………
Write a suitable sentence using the present perfect tense

1. Tom was 80 kg. Now he’s 70. (lose weight)

Tom has lost weight
2. Bill played football yesterday. Now he can’t walk; his leg is in plaster. (break)
Bill has broken his leg
3. My sister is looking for her pen. (lose)
My sister has lost her pen
4. Mary is on holiday in France. (go)
Mary has gone to France
5. Look! Mrs. Smith has got a lot of packages. (buy)
Mrs. Smith has bought a lot of packages
6. I can’t eat anything now. (eat too much)
I have eaten too much
7. Mrs. Jenkins is very tired. (clean / house)
Mrs. Jenkins has cleaned the house
8. Tony needs a holiday. (work / hard / this year)
Tony has worked hard this year
Use present perfect tense after BECAUSE

Example: She can’t go to the party. (catch a cold)

She can’t go to the party because she has caught a cold.

1. He can’t walk very fast. (hurt / leg)

2. I can’t get in. (lose / key)
3. I know this story very well. (see the film)
4. I can’t post the letter. (not put / stamp / on it)
5. He can’t stand up. (eat too much)
6. They can’t go on holiday. (not save / money)
7. I know him. (meet him before)
8. We don’t know how he is. (not hear from him)
9. He won’t take a cigarette. (give up smoking)
10. She can’t get in. (he / lock the door)
Use present perfect tense after BECAUSE

Example: She can’t go to the party. (catch a cold)

She can’t go to the party because she has caught a cold.

1. He can’t walk very fast because he has hurt his leg

2. I can’t get in because I have lost the key
3. I know this story very well because I have seen the film
4. I can’t post the letter because I have not put a stamp on it
5. He can’t stand up because he has eaten too much
6. They can’t go on holiday because they have not saved the money
7. I know him because I have met him before
8. We don’t know how he is because we have not heard from him
9. He won’t take a cigarette because he has given up smoking
10. She can’t get in because he has locked the door
Follow the example and do the same using ALREADY

Example: Bring the milk in, please.

-I have ALREADY brought it in.

1. You must find the tickets soon. ………………………………………………………...

2. Turn the radio down, please. …………………………………………………………
3. Tidy your room. ………………………………………………………..
4. Could you post the letters, please? …………………………………………………………
5. Why don’t you see a doctor? ………………………………………………………...
6. You have a bad cough. I think you should stop smoking…….…………………………
7. Why don’t you clean your shoes? ………………………………………………………..
8. Brush your teeth, will you? ………………………………………………………..
9. We have guests today. Shall we make a cake? ………………………………………….
10. We should invite Mary to the party. ………………………………………………………
Follow the example and do the same using ALREADY

1. You must find the tickets soon. 6. You have a bad cough. I think you should stop smoking
I have already found it I have already stopped it

2. Turn the radio down, please. 7. Why don’t you clean your shoes?
I have already turned it down I have already cleaned it

3. Tidy your room. 8. Brush your teeth, will you?

I have already tidied it I have already brushed it

4. Could you post the letters, please? 9. We have guests today. Shall we make a cake?
I have already posted it I have already made it

5. Why don’t you see a doctor? 10. We should invite Mary to the party.
I have already seen him/her I have already invited her
 Follow the example and do the same using YET

Example: She has been in the shop. (buy anything)

She has been in the shop but she hasn’t bought anything YET.

1. I’ve written to them three times. (not reply)

2. I’ve asked you again and again. (not do it)
3. I lent him $10 last month. (not give it back)
4. He lost his pen a week ago. (not find it)
5. He borrowed my book last year. (not give it back)
6. She went to New York six months ago. (not return)
7. She gave me $2 a week ago. (not return it)
8. I finished reading my library books a long time ago. (not change them)
9. She went to the bus-stop half an hour ago. (the bus / not come)
10. He’s still studying that lesson. (not learn it)
 Follow the example and do the same using YET

Example: She has been in the shop. (buy anything)

She has been in the shop but she hasn’t bought anything YET.

1. I’ve written to them three times but they haven’t replied yet
2. I’ve asked you again and again but you have not done it yet.
3. I lent him $10 last month but he hasn’t given it back yet.
4. He lost his pen a week ago and he hasn’t found it yet.
5. He borrowed my book last year but he hasn’t given it back yet.
6. She went to New York six months ago and she hasn’t returned yet.
7. She gave me $2 a week ago but I haven’t returned it yet.
8. I finished reading my library books a long time ago but I haven’t changed them yet.
9. She went to the bus-stop half an hour ago but the bus has not come yet.
10. He’s still studying that lesson but he has not learned it yet.
Fill in the blanks with ALREADY or YET

1. He hasn’t called us ……………………………… .

2. They have ………………………………… sent the letter.
3. John has ……………………………… bought the tickets for the football match.
4. We have ……………………………….. been to Mexico three times.
5. I haven’t visited Tokyo ………………………………… .
6. Have you fixed the car………………………………….. ?
7. The plane has …………………………… left.
8. Has she done it …………………………….. ? No, not …………………………. .
9. A: Haven’t they arrived ………………………………. ?
B: Oh, yes. They have ………………………………… arrived.
10. Hurry up! The class has ……………………………… started.
11. Be careful! They have ………………………………… painted the door.
12. Haven’t you read the book ………………………………. ?
Fill in the blanks with ALREADY or YET

1. He hasn’t called us yet.

2. They have already sent the letter.
3. John has already bought the tickets for the football match.
4. We have already been to Mexico three times.
5. I haven’t visited Tokyo yet.
6. Have you fixed the car yet?
7. The plane has already left.
8. Has she done it yet ? No, not yet.
9. A: Haven’t they arrived ?
B: Oh, yes. They have already arrived.
10. Hurry up! The class has already started.
11. Be careful! They have already painted the door.
12. Haven’t you read the book yet?
 Follow the example and do the same using JUST

Example: he / go out
-He has JUST gone out.

1. She / leave the room ………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. they / watch the news………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. I / finish homework ………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. he / put on the jacket………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. she / catch a fish ………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. he / call a taxi ………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. you / write a letter………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. the girl / burn the cake………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. the teacher / walk out ………………………………………………………………………………………………
10. the dog / see the cat ………………………………………………………………………………………………
11. Jane / turn the TV off………………………………………………………………………………………………
12. the boys / eat dinner ………………………………………………………………………………………………
 Follow the example and do the same using JUST

1. She / leave the room 7. you / write a letter

She has just left the room You have just written a letter

2. they / watch the news 8. the girl / burn the cake

They have just watched the news The girl has just burned the cake

3. I / finish homework 9. the teacher / walk out

I have just finished homework The teacher has just walked out

4. he / put on the jacket 10. the dog / see the cat

He has just put on the jacket The dog has just seen the cat

5. she / catch a fish 11. Jane / turn the TV off

She has just caught a fish Jane has just turned the TV off

6. he / call a taxi 12. the boys / eat dinner

He has just called a taxi The boys have just eaten dinner
 Use future perfect tense

Noun/Pronoun + will +have+ III form of the verb

1. By next February I ………………………………………… (write) my third book.

2. I hope you ………………………………………. (not / forget) my name by tomorrow.
3. By next week we ………………………………….. (redecorate) the house.
4. Next July she ………………………………… (be) dead for ten years.
5. I hope I ……………………………… (not / make) a lot of mistakes in this exam when I finish it.
6. By the end of this year I ………………………………………… (drive) more than one hundred
thousand kilometers with this car.
7. I hope it ………………………………………. (stop) raining before the match starts.
8. I ……………………………………. (have) an operation when you turn back.
9. By this time next week I ………………………………………. (marry).
10. If nothing is done one million species that are alive today ………………………………… (become)
extinct in twenty years.
11. The tropical rain forests ……………………………………. (disappear) in thirty years.
 WILL HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE

1. By next February I will have written my third book.

2. I hope you will not have forgotten my name by tomorrow.
3. By next week we will have redecorated the house.
4. Next July she will have been dead for ten years.
5. I hope I will not have made a lot of mistakes in this exam when I finish it.
6. By the end of this year I will have driven more than one hundred
thousand kilometers with this car.
7. I hope it will have stopped raining before the match starts.
8. I will have had an operation when you turn back.
9. By this time next week I will have married.
10. If nothing is done, one million species that are alive today will have become extinct in
twenty years.
11. The tropical rain forests will have disappeared in thirty years.
 Use future perfect tense

1. Tom and Ann are going to the cinema. The film begins at 7.30 and it is already 7.20. And it will take
them 20 minutes to get there. When they get there, ……………………… (the film / already / start)

2. Jim always goes to bed at 11 o’clock. Tom is going to visit him at 11.30 this evening. When Tom
arrives, …………………….. (Jim / go / to bed)

3. Tom is on holiday. He has very little money and he is spending too much too quickly. Before the
end of his holiday, ………………….. (he / spend / all his money)

4. Chuck came to Britain from the US nearly three years ago. Next Monday …………………… (he / be /
here / exactly three years)

5. Next year is Ted and Amy’s 25th wedding anniversary. They ……………….. (be married) for 25 years.

6. Jane is from New Zealand. She is traveling around Europe at the moment. So far she has traveled
about 1.000 miles. By the end of the trip, ………………….. (she / travel) more than 3.000 miles.
 Use future perfect tense

1. Tom and Ann are going to the cinema. The film begins at 7.30 and it is already 7.20. And it will take
them 20 minutes to get there. When they get there, the film will have already started

2. Jim always goes to bed at 11 o’clock. Tom is going to visit him at 11.30 this evening. When Tom
arrives, Jim will have gone to bed

3. Tom is on holiday. He has very little money and he is spending too much too quickly. Before the
end of his holiday, he will have spent all his money

5. Chuck came to Britain from the US nearly three years ago. Next Monday, he will have been here for
exactly three years

6. Next year is Ted and Amy’s 25th wedding anniversary. They will have been married for 25 years.

7. Jane is from New Zealand. She is traveling around Europe at the moment. So far she has traveled
about 1.000 miles. By the end of the trip, she will have traveled more than 3.000 miles.
Complete the sentences in future perfect tense

What will life be like in the year 2100?

Example: By 2100, the world’s population…. will have increased …… (increase) to around
30.000 million.

1. Life ………………………………….. (become) more automated by then.

2. Computers …………………………………… (take over) many of the jobs that people do today.
3. The earth’s supplies of oil, coal and gas ……………………………………… (run out).
4. …………………………………. (scientists / find) other sources of energy?
5. How …………………… education ………………………………….. (change)?
6. …………………………………… (we / find) a way to feed all the people in the world?
Complete the sentences in future perfect tense

What will life be like in the year 2100?

Example: By 2100, the world’s population…. will have increased …… (increase) to around
30.000 million.

1. Life will have become more automated by then.

2. Computers will have taken over many of the jobs that people do today.
3. The earth’s supplies of oil, coal and gas will have run out.
4. Scientists will have found other sources of energy?
5. How will education have changed?
6. Will we have found a way to feed all the people in the world?
Fill in the blanks with simple past or past perfect tense:

1. My aunt flew to Paris last year. She __________ (never / go) on a plane before that.
2. We didn’t need to queue because my wife __________ (already / buy) the tickets
3. The thieves had already spent the money when the police _________ (catch) them.
4. Helen ________ (split up) with John before she met Paul.
5. We ________ (know) her address because she _______ (tell) us.
6. The children _________ (not eat) for days so they ___________ (be) extremely hungry.
7. Everyone ___________ (hug) each other after they __________ (finish) their exams.
8. She didn’t want to go to the cinema because she ___________ (already / see) the film.
9. I ________ (just / buy) a dress when a thief _______ (steal) my bag.
10. My niece _________ (go) to London three times by the time she _________ (be) sixteen. Roll no 40
11. My students ________ (raise) some money after they ________ (see) a documentary on TV about
Africa.
12. It was half past three and we still _________ (not / eat) lunch.
 Continued

13. Our teacher ________ (give) us extra homework because we ___________ (not finish)
our essays.
14. The Vikings ________ (sail) to North America a thousand years ago.
15. The car stopped because we __________ (run) out of petrol.
16. He __________ (feel) very ill because he __________ (not sleep) well.
17. By the time I met John, he ___________ (leave) college.
18. When I _________ (ask) her to help me, she ________ (agree).
19. I thought I _________ (read) that book before, but I hadn’t.
20. I knew I __________ (see) her somewhere before.
21. I was sure I __________ (not lock) the door.
22. When we ___________ (get) home my wife realized she __________ (lose) her purse.
23. When we arrived at my parent’s house, they ________ (leave)
 Answers

1. had never gone 14. sailed

2. had already bought 15. had run
3. caught 16. felt / hadn’t slept
4. had split 17. had left
5. knew / had told 18. asked / agreed
6. hadn’t eaten / were 19. had read
7. hugged / had finished 20. had seen
8. had already seen 21. hadn’t locked
9. had just bought / stole 22. got / had lost
10. had gone / was 23. had left
11. raised / had seen
12. hadn’t eaten
13. gave / hadn’t finished
 Present Past Future
To talk about an Something had
action that began in been happening
Something that will
PERFECT CONTINUOUS

the past and just before something

have already
stopped else happened
happened before a
•I have been working •He had been
certain time in
at McDonalds until working at the
future.
recently company for five
•In November, I will
How long the years when he got
have been working at
action has been the promotion
my company for
happening giving
three years
emphasis to the
length of time of the Time phrases: Since,
action for, how long
Time phrases: for
•I have been studying
for 2 hours
Next year this time, I
Time phrases: For,
since; how long..? will have been
I had been playing
I have been playing playing tennis for 10
tennis from 2010 to
tennis since I was a years.
2019
child.
 Negative sentence
Forms Question sentence

Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Has/have + been + infinitive + ing
I/You/We/They have been working | He/She/It has been working
I/You/We/They have not been working | He/She/It has not been working
Have I/you/we/they been working? | Has he/she been working?

Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Had + been + infinitive + ing
I/You/We/They/He/She/It had been working
I/You/We/They/He/She/It had not been working
Had I/You/We/They/He/She/It been working?

Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Will + have + been + infinitive + ing
I/You/We/They/He/She/It will have been working
I/You/We/They/He/She/It will not have been working
Will I/You/We/They/He/She/It have been working?
Use present perfect continuous tense to fill in the blanks

1. I’m tired, because I …… have been working ………. (work) very hard.
2. He ………………………………………… (write) letters all morning.
3. Catherina is getting fatter because she …………………………………… (eat) too much.
4. My mother ………………………………………….. (peel) the potatoes all afternoon.
5. Cathy …………………………………………… (attend) a cookery course since March.
6. How long …………… you ………………………………………….. (learn) English?
7. Where are my eye-glasses? I …………………………………………….. (look) for them for an hour.
8. Charles ………………………………………………. (escape) from the police for years.
9. How long …………… you ………………………………………… (use) a computer?
10. Elizabeth ………………………………………….. (live) with Mike for three years.
11. She ………………………………………………. (earn) quite a lot of money for the last two years.
12. It …………………………………………………. (rain) for six hours.
 Fill in the following sentences by using past perfect
continuous tense
1. We …………………… (play) football for half an hour when it started to rain.
2. I ……..………………. (study) English for a short time when the electricity went off.
3. She ……………………… (do) her homework before you came in.
4. His knees and hands were very dirty. He ……………………….. (crawl) in the garden.
5. I …………………………… (drive) the car for five years when I sold it.
6. We were very tired. We ………………………. (travel) for about sixteen hours.
7. They were out of breath. They ……………………… (run) for a long time.
8. He …………………… (live) in London for ten years when he had an accident.
9. He was tired because he …………………….. (write) letters all morning.
10. He ………………….. (repair) the radio for an hour when you arrived.
11. I was tired because I ……………………. (type) for a long time.
12. Her boss was very angry with her because she ………………………. (come) to work very late.
13. I didn’t know about the earthquake because I ………………… (not / watch) television.
14. She was too fat because she ………………………….. (not / keep) her doctor’s advice.
15. I took my car to the garage because the brakes ….……………………. (not / work).
16. She had to go to the dentist because she ……………………………. (not / clean) her teeth.
17. He got bad marks because he …………………………… (not / study) hard.
18. She wasn’t at home. She …………………………. (go) out with her boyfriend.
19. I thought I ………………………… (behave) like an idiot.
20. He ………………………….. (study) English) very hard for the last few days.
Fill in the blanks using future perfect continuous tense

1. By the end of June I ……………………………………………….. (live) in this flat for thirteen years.
2. I ……………………………………………… (fly) to London for an hour at this time tomorrow.
3. At this time next week I …………………………………………………. (work) for this company for 20 years.
4. When the bell rings I ……………………………………………… (teach) for eight hours today.
5. I …………………………………………………… (wear) these glasses for five years next week.
6. I ………………………………………………… (drive) this car for six years tomorrow.
7. At this time tomorrow I ……………………………………………….. (take) a test for an hour.
8. At this time next year I …………………………………………….. (have) a holiday in Antalya for a week.
9. At this time next year I …………………………………………….(live) in Istanbul for ten years.
10. By the time we get home they ……………………………………………….. (play) football for half an hour.
11. She …………………………………………. (dance) for an hour at nine o’clock.
12. I ………………………………………….. (learn) English for ten years by the end of this year.
 Present Past Future

Regular- infinitive+ed
Simple Infinitive/infinitive+s Will+ infinitive
Irregular- II column

be(am/are/is)+ Was/were + infinitive Will + be + infinitive

Continuous
infinitive+ing + ing + ing

Regular verbs- Regular verbs- Regular verbs-

has/have+infinitive+ed Had + infinitive+ ed Will have+infinitive+ed
Perfect
Irregular verbs- Irregular verbs- Irregular verbs-
Has/have + III column Had + III column will have +III column

Perfect Has/have + been + Had + been + Will + have + been +

Continuous infinitive + ing infinitive + ing infinitive + ing
 Collation of examples

I play tennis once a week. (Simple Present)

I played tennis last Wednesday. (Simple Past)
Tomorrow, I will play tennis. (Simple Future)

I am playing tennis right now. (Present Continuous)

I was playing tennis this afternoon. (Past Continuous)
I will be playing tennis tomorrow. (Future Continuous)

I have played tennis since I was a child. (Present Perfect)

I had played tennis before I moved to Pune. (Past Perfect)
By February 2020, I will have played tennis for 5 years. (Future Perfect)

I have been playing tennis since I was a child. (Present Perfect Continuous)
I had been playing tennis from 2010 to 2019. (Past Perfect Continuous)
Next year this time, I will have been playing tennis for 10 years. (Future Perfect Continuous)
 Would Should Could
To ask ‘who’, ‘what’, To express To suggest a
‘where’, ‘when’, ‘why’
WOULD - SHOULD - COULD
something that is possibility
or ‘how’ (not always, probable “Whose journal is
but often) “John should be here this? It could be
“How would you do by 2:00 PM.” Nelly’s journal.”
that?” “He should be “Could ‘A’ be the
 To ask a polite bringing Jen with him. answer? It’s definitely
question  To ask questions not ‘B’ or ‘D.’”
“Would you like any “Should we turn left at  To make a polite
tea?” this street?” request
“Would you like To show obligation, “Could you please
anything else?” give recommendation move this box?”
 In hypothetical or even an opinion
situations “You should stop While answering to
“I would love to buy a eating fast food.” requests, if you use
boat one day.” “You should go for ‘could’, it suggests that
To ask questions walks more often.” you could do it, but you
“Would you like to join “We should go to the might not really want
us tonight?” park tomorrow.” to. If you agree to the
“Would you like fries request, then you use
or salad?” the word ‘can’.
 Answering with could/can

While answering to requests, if you use ‘could’ suggest

that you could do it, but you might not really want to. If
you agree to the request, then you use the word ‘can’.

Examples:
“Could you please move this box?”
“I could, but I am really busy right now.”

“Could you please pass that paper.”

“Sure, I can.”
 Difference

Would is used to talk about something that will happen in an imagined situation

Adam would visit us on Monday. This tells us that we can imagine a situation in which Adam
wants to visit us on Monday, but maybe it is not actually possible. Adam is willing to visit us,
under the right conditions or if he can.

Should is used to talk about something that ought to happen or must happen.

Adam should visit us on Monday. This tells us that Adam visiting on Monday is a good idea, or
that it is something Adam is obligated to do.

Could is used to talk about something that can happen

Adam could visit us on Monday. This tells us that it is possible Adam will visit on Monday,
maybe he can visit us, but maybe he has other options, too. Visiting us is one possibility.
Fill in the blanks with could, would or should
1. I think you ………… mind your own business and stop gossiping.

2. Mariam has not turned up yet: she ……… be here any minute.

3. When he was in his teens, Billy ……….. stay up all night playing computer games.

4. Teacher. …………… you please explain to me the use of the present perfect continuous?

5. Norman promised he ……….. never behave in that horrible way again.

6. ………….. the boss arrive before me, tell him I have had an accident.

7. It is absolutely necessary that this translation ………. be done today.

8. My sister was a genius: at 4, she ………… already speak four foreign languages.

9. What …………. you like to do tonight?

10. What ………… you do if you were offered an important position in Greenland?
 Answers
1. I think you should mind your own business and stop gossiping.

2. Mariam has not turned up yet: she should be here any minute.

3. When he was in his teens, Billy would stay up all night playing computer games.

4. Teacher. Could you please explain to me the use of the present perfect continuous?

5. Norman promised he would never behave in that horrible way again.

6. should the boss arrive before me, tell him I have had an accident.

7. It is absolutely necessary that this translation should be done today.

8. My sister was a genius: at 4, she could already speak four foreign languages.

9. What would you like to do tonight?

10. What would you do if you were offered an important position in Greenland?
 Change of voices

Active: The award-winning chef prepares each meal with loving care.
Passive: Each meal is prepared with loving care by the award-winning chef.

In the above example of an active sentence, the simple subject is “chef” and “prepares”
is the verb: the chef prepares “each meal with loving care.”
In the passive sentence, “meal” is the simple subject and “is prepared” is the verb: each
meal is prepared “by the award-winning chef.”
In effect, the object of the active sentence becomes the subject in the passive sentence.

Active sentences are about what people (or things) do, while passive sentences are
about what happens to people (or things).
 Examples

(Active) He loves me. (Passive) I am loved.

We(Subject) took our children (Object) to the circus. The children (subject)
were taken to the circus by us.

A thief stole my money. My money was stolen by a thief.

The woman is pretty. She is a pretty woman

The woman is married. She is a married woman.

 Present Tense
• Simple Present (Use the simple present tense to make a generalization, to present a state of being, or to
indicate a habitual or repeated action.)
base form or “-s/-es”  am/is/are + III form
Maria cleans the cafeteria  The cafeteria is cleaned by Maria

• Present Continuous (Use the present continuous to describe an ongoing activity or a temporary action.)
am/is/are + -ing  am/is/are + being + III form
Raj is bullying Shyam  Shyam is being bullied by Raj

• Present Perfect (Use the present perfect to describe an action occurring in the past but relevant to the present,
or extending to the present. )
has/have + - III form  has/have + been + III form
Sharma has opened an institution  An institution has been opened by Sharma

• Present Perfect Continuous(Use the present perfect Continuous to describe an ongoing action beginning before
now and is still relevant to the present.)
has/have + been + -ing  has/have + been + being + III form
Note: Because of awkward construction, the perfect Continuous form is not used in the passive voice. Instead, an
adverb may be used to show continuing action
The teacher has been scolding us for being late  We have been repeatedly scolded for being late by the teacher”
 Change of Voices (Present Tense)

1. Someone has already paid the workers.

2. They are repairing the church bells at the moment.

3. They say that the man is living in London.

4. You have never watered these plants.

5. They treat and cure people at hospitals.

6. They haven't seen him since last week.

7. Everyone says he is a great footballer.

 Change of Voices

1. Someone has already paid the workers.

The workers have already been paid.
2. They are repairing the church bells at the moment.
The church bells are being repaired at the moment.
3. They say that the man is living in London.
The man is said to be living in London.
4. You have never watered these plants.
These plants have never been watered.
5. They treat and cure people at hospitals.
People are treated and cured at hospitals.
6. They haven't seen him since last week.
He hasn't been seen since last week.
7. Everyone says he is a great footballer.
He is said to be a great footballer.
 Past Tense

• Simple Past (Use the simple past to indicate a general or habitual action occurring in the past or at a
specific time in the past.)
Verb II form was/were + III form
My mother gave me money to buy a car  The money was given to me by my mother to buy a car

• Past Continuous (Use the past continuous to indicate an ongoing action in the past or an action continuing
through a specific past time.)
was/were + -ing  was/were + being + III form
Paul was kissing Mary when her mother passed byMary was being kissed by Paul when her mother passed by

• Past Perfect (Use the past perfect to indicate an action completed prior to a particular time or before
another action in the past.)
had + III form had + been + III form
Paul had destroyed his phone in the past  Paul’s phone had been destroyed by him in the past

• Past Perfect Continuous (Use the past perfect continuous to indicate a continuing action that began before a
past action or time)
had + been + -ing  had + been + being + III form |Not used in Passive Voice
 Change of Voices (Past Tense)

1. Who wrote that book?

2. They taught him Spanish.

3. My friend offered me a job at the bank.

4. The boss asked him to leave the meeting.

5. Did the proposal interest you?

6. When I entered the room, the teacher was passing out the test instructions.

7. The police told her that they had found her lost purse.
 Change of Voices

1. Who wrote that book?

Who was that book written by?
2. They taught him Spanish.
He was taught Spanish.
3. My friend offered me a job at the bank.
I was offered a job at the bank by my friend.
A job at the bank was offered to me by my friend.
4. The boss asked him to leave the meeting.
He was asked by the boss to leave the meeting.
5. Did the proposal interest you?
Were you interested by the proposal?
6. When I entered the room, the teacher was passing out the test instructions.
When I entered the room, the test instructions were being passed out.
7. The police told her that they had found her lost purse.
She was told by the police that her lost purse had been found.
 Future Tense
• Simple Future (Use the future to indicate an action that is expected to take place at a future time.)
will + base  will + be + III form
A priest will marry them  They will be married by a priest.
OR
am/is/are going to + base  am/is/are + going to be + III form
Mary is going to adjust the gown to fit her  The gown is going to be adjusted to fit Mary.

• Future Continuous (Use the future Continuous to indicate an action in future with emphasis on continuing
action.)
will + base + -ing  will + be + being + III form |Not used commonly in Passive voice

• Future Perfect (Use the future perfect to indicate a future action expected to be completed before another
future action or time.)
will + have + III form will + have + been + III form |Not used in Passive voice

• Future Perfect Continuous (Use the future perfect continuous to indicate an action projected to have been
going on for a while before a time in the future.)
will + have + been + -ing  will + have + been + being + III form |Not used in Passive voice
 Change of Voices (Future Tense)

1. People say that the strike will end soon.

2. They will show the paintings at the exhibition until Monday.

3. Spielberg will direct the movie.

 Change of Voices

1. People say that the strike will end soon.

The strike is said to end soon.

2. They will show the paintings at the exhibition until Monday.

The paintings at the exhibition will be shown until Monday.

3. Spielberg will direct the movie

The movie will be directed by Spielberg
Verbs that can’t be transformed into passive structures

Resemble
Look like
Equal
Agree with
Mean
Contain
hold
Comprise
Lack
Suit
Fit
become
 Change it into passive voice

1. One of the cleaners has found my purse. 15. The waitress will bring you your drinks in a
2. The robber hit him on the head with a hammer. minute.
3. The government has built a new road in this area. 16. Nobody ever heard anything of John again. *
4. The assistant handed me a note. 17. People asked me the way three times.
5. We elected John as the class representative. 18. Lots of people had parked their cars on the
6. Someone has taken my wallet. pavement.
7. Many people use bicycles as a means of transport. 19. The helpers have not packed the boxes yet.
8. They advised me to get a visa. 20. They are still preparing the food.
9. They were rebuilding the old road when I drove by. 21. They will launch the new ship next week.
10. The local council opened a new shopping centre. 22. Christopher Wren built the church in the 17th
11. They haven’t decided anything yet. * century.
12. The crowd was slowly filling the new stadium. 23. Beckham scored the goal in the 35th minute.
13. Someone has suggested that the shop should 24. We serve all main courses with vegetables and
close. * salad.
14. Dad used a knife to open the window. 25. Someone pushed Harry over the railing.
 Answers

1. My purse has been found by one of the cleaners. 13. It has been suggested that the shop should close.
2. He was hit on the head with a hammer (by the 14. A knife was used to open the window.
robber). 15. Your drinks will be brought in a minute.
3. A new road has been built in this area (by the 16. Nothing was ever heard of John again.
government). 17. I was asked the way three times.
4. I was handed a note (by the assistant). 18. Many cars had been parked on the pavement.
5. John was elected as the class representative. 19. The boxes have not been packed yet.
6. My wallet has been taken. 20. The food is still being prepared.
7. Bicycles are (often, widely) used as a means of 21. The new ship will be launched next week.
transport. 22. The church was built by Christopher Wren in the
8. I was advised to get a visa. 17th century.
9. The old road was being rebuilt when I drove by. 23. The goal was scored by Beckham in the 35th
10. A new shopping centre was opened by the local minute.
council. 24. All main courses are served with vegetables and
11. Nothing has been decided yet. salad.
12. The new stadium was slowly being filled by the 25. Harry was pushed over the railing
crowd.
 Just a minute

5,10,15,20 My favorite food

25,30,35,40 The most exciting moment of my life
1,2,3,4 The most embarrassing moment of my life
6,7,8,9 The best gift I have ever received
11,12,13,14 A country I want to visit and why
16,17,18,19 Favorite tourist place
21,22,23,24 Favorite sport
26,27,28,29 My role model
31,32,33,34 What my expectations are from my college life
36,37,38,39 A language I would like to learn and why
Thank You