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Experiment 3 Conductometry HCL

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752 views5 pages

Experiment 3 Conductometry HCL

Uploaded by

Mayank Bajaj
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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EXPERIMENT NO: 3

ESTIMATION OF HCl
HC BY CONDUCTOMETRY
(STRONG ACID VS STRONG
STRO BASE)

AIM: To estimate the amount of HCl present in the given solution using NaOH solution by
conductometric titration.
APPARATUS: Conductometer, conductivity cell, beakers, glass rod, conical flask, burette,
standard flask, weighing bottle, funnel, pipette, Wash bottle etc...
CHEMICALS: Oxalic acid (H2C2O4.2H2O), NaOH solution, HCl solution, phenolphthalein
indicator, and distilled water.
THEORY: The electrical conductance of any electrolytic solution depends on the number of
ions and their mobilities. In the titration of HCl vs NaOH, before the addition of NaOH, HCl
shows high conductance, due to the presence of highly mobile H+ ions. As NaOH solution is
added, the H+ ions combine with OH- and form feebly ionisable H2O molecules.
[H+ + Cl-] + [Na+ + OH-] → [Na++ Cl-] + H2O
(Strong electrolyte) (Strong electrolyte) (Strong electrolyte) (
(Weak electrolyte)

Hence the conductance of the solution decreases gradually by the addition of NaOH solution.
When all the H+ ions have been neutralized, the conductance starts increasing with the further
addition of NaOH, due to the increase in no. of OH- ions. When a graph is drawn between the
volume of NaOH added and conductance, the point of intersection gives the end point.

FIG. SET UP FOR CONDUCTOMETRY


COND

PROCEDURE:: It consists of 3 parts


PART –I: Preparation of standard solution of oxalic acid:
acid
Weigh accurately a sample of oxalic acid and transfer it into a clean 100ml standard
(volumetric) flask using a funnel. Dissolve the substance in minimum quantity of distilled
water. Make the solution up to the mark with distilled water and shake well for uniform
concentration.

PART- II: Standardization of given NaOH solution:


Fill burette with NaOH solution. Pipette out 20ml of standard oxalic acid solution into a clean
conical flask and add 2 - 3drops of phenolphthalein indicator. Titrate the contents of the conical
flask against the NaOH solution taken in the burette until a pale pink colour (end point) is
obtained. Repeat the titration for at least two concurrent titre values.

PART-III: Estimation of the amount of HCl using conductometer:


Pipette out 10 ml of HCl solution in a clean 100ml standard flask and add distilled water tom it
upto the mark. Pipette out 40ml of the above HCl solution into a well cleaned 100 ml beaker,
dip the conductivity cell in it. Then press the push button and stir the solution with glass rod,
measure the initial conductance. Add 1ml of NaOH solution from the burette and note down
the corresponding conductance after stirring the solution. Take a minimum of 20 readings.

GRAPH: Plot a graph taking volume of NaOH (in mL) added, on X-axis and corresponding
conductance (in ohm-1), on Y-axis. It gives two straight lines. Intersection of the two straight
lines indicates the neutralization point.
OBSERVATIONS AND CALCULATIONS
PART –I: Preparation of standard solution of oxalic acid:
Weight of weighing bottle + oxalic acid (W1) =--------- gms
Weight of empty weighing bottle (W2) =---------- gms
Weight of oxalic acid taken (W1- W2) = --------- gms

୛ଵି୛ଶ ଵ଴଴଴
Normality of oxalic acid (N1) = x
଺ଷ ଵ଴଴

= ---------N

PART- II: Standardization of given NaOH solution:


S.No Vol. of Oxalic acid Burette readings Vol. of NaOH
Pipette out (ml) Initial Final Required (Initial-Final) (ml)
1

Oxalic acid Solution NaOH Solution


N1 = -------- N N2 = -------- N
V1 = 20 ml V2 = ------- ml
Normality of NaOH solution ( N2 ) = N1V1
V2
= ---------N

PART-III: Estimation of the amount of HCl using conductometric titration:

Serial Vol of NaOH in mL Conductance 11 10


no (mSiemens) 12 11
1 0 13 12
2 1 14 13
3 2 15 14
4 3 16 15
5 4
17 16
6 5
18 17
7 6
19 18
8 7
20 19
9 8
21 20
10 9
Eng Chem Lab manual

NaOH Solution HCl Solution


N2 = --------- N N3 =-------- N
V2´ = ---------- ml (from graph) V3 = 40 ml

Normality of HCl solution (N3) = N2 V2´


V3
=--------------N

Amount of HCl in the given solution = N3 X 36.5/10


= -----------gm/100 ml

Result:
1. Normality of NaOH solution ( N2) =-------N
2. End point of the HCL (from graph) =-------- ml
3. Normality of HCl solution ( N3 )=----------N
4. The amount of HCl present in the given solution = ---------gms/100ml

Viva – Questions

1. What is Conductometric Titration?

2. What is conductance? What are its units? Which are the responsible for conductance of an
electrolyte?

3. Define specific conductance and equivalent conductance? What are its units?

4. How do specific and equivalent conductance vary with dilution?

5. What is cell constant and what are its units?

6. How does conductance vary in this experiment? Draw a model graph for this experiment.

7. Is Conductivity cell an electrolytic or a galvanic cell? Give reason.

8. How to detect the neutralization point in conductometric titration? In HCl vs NaOH


conductometric titration at neutralization point some conductivity is observed. Why?

4
Eng Chem Lab manual

9. Write the relationship between specific conductance and conductance.

10. What are the advantages of conductometric titration (Instrumental analysis) over volumetric

titrations?

11. What is the effect of temperature on the conductance of an electrolyte?

12. Differentiate between equivalent and molar conductance.

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