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Experiment 4 Led

The document describes an experiment to obtain the voltage-current (V-I) characteristics of a light emitting diode (LED). It provides the objective, apparatus, theory, procedure, and a data table. The experiment involves connecting an LED in a circuit and varying the voltage in steps while measuring the corresponding current and noting the LED's light intensity.

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199 views4 pages

Experiment 4 Led

The document describes an experiment to obtain the voltage-current (V-I) characteristics of a light emitting diode (LED). It provides the objective, apparatus, theory, procedure, and a data table. The experiment involves connecting an LED in a circuit and varying the voltage in steps while measuring the corresponding current and noting the LED's light intensity.

Uploaded by

isaackamwimbajr
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.0.

EXPERIMENT 4: VOLT-AMPERE CHARACTERISTICS OF LIGHT EMITTING


DIODE

OBJECTIVE:

To obtain the V-I Characteristics of LED

APPARATUS:

S.No Apparatus Range Quality


01 LED 01
02 Resistance 01
03 Regulated Power Supply (0-30V) 01
04 Ammeter (0-100mA) 01
05 Voltmeter (0-10V) 01
06 Breadboard and Wires 01

2.0.THEORY

Function LEDs emit light when an electric current passes through them. LED is connected in the
circuit as shown in figure. LED operates only in forward biased condition. Under forward bias
condition the anode is connected to the positive terminal and the cathode is connected to the
negative terminal of the battery. It is like a normal pn junction diode except the basic
semiconductor material is GaAs or InP which is responsible for the color of the light. When it is
forward biased the holes moves from p to n and electrons flow from n to p. In the junction the
carriers recombine with each other and released the energy in the form of light. Thus LED emits
light under forward biased condition. Under reverse biased condition, there is no recombination
due to majority carriers, so there is no emission of light. Calculating LED resistor value LED
must have a resistor connected in series to limit the current through the LED; otherwise it will
burn no emission of light.

Calculating LED resistor value LED must have a resistor connected in series to limit the current
through the LED; otherwise it will burn out almost instantly. The resistor value, R is given by:
VS = supply voltage

VL = LED voltage (usually 2V, but 4V for blue and white LEDs)
I = LED current (e.g. 20mA), this must be less than the maximum permitted

For example

If the supply voltage VS = 10V, and you have a red LED (VL = 2V), requiring a current I =
20mA R = (10V - 2V) / 0.02A = 400 , so choose 470Ω (the nearest standard value which is
greater).

Circuit Diagram

Precautions:

1. While doing the experiment do not exceed the ratings of the diode. This may lead to damage
of the diode.

2. Connect voltmeter and Ammeter in correct polarities as shown in the circuit diagram.

3. Do not switch ON the power supply unless you have checked the circuit connections as per the
circuit diagram.
3.0. PROCEDURE

To plot V-I Characteristics of LED

1. Connections must be made as per the circuit diagram.

2. Varying the source voltage in steps of 0.1V note down the corresponding current and the
voltage readings.

3. At the same time the glow intensity of the light emitting diode is also to be noted.

4. Plot the graph between voltage and current for forward bias.

Data Collection

S. No Vs(v) VL(v) If(mA) Intensity of glow


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