Java Constructors

A constructor in Java is a special method that is used to

initialize objects. The constructor is called when an object of a
class is created. It can be used to set initial values for object
attributes:

Types of Constructor

In Java, constructors can be divided into three types:

1. No-Arg Constructor

2. Parameterized Constructor

3. Default Constructor

Important Notes on Java Constructors

 Constructors are invoked implicitly when you instantiate objects.

 The two rules for creating a constructor are:

1. The name of the constructor should be the same as the class.
2. A Java constructor must not have a return type.
 If a class doesn't have a constructor, the Java compiler automatically
creates a default constructor during run-time. The default constructor
initializes instance variables with default values. For example,
the int variable will be initialized to 0
 Constructor types:
No-Arg Constructor - a constructor that does not accept any arguments
Parameterized constructor - a constructor that accepts arguments
Default Constructor - a constructor that is automatically created by the
Java compiler if it is not explicitly defined.
 A constructor cannot be abstract or static or final.
 A constructor can be overloaded but can not be overridden.
Program 1
class Student
{
private String name;
Student() // constructor
{
name = "Rahul";
}

public static void main(String[] args)

{
Student s1 = new Student();
[Link]("The Student name is " + [Link]);
}
}

Program 2
class Student
{
int rollno;
private String name;
float marks;

Student() // Default constructor

{
rollno=100;
name = "Rahul";
marks=23;
}

public static void main(String[] args)

{
Student s1 = new Student();

[Link]("The Student rollno is " + [Link]);

[Link]("\nThe Student name is " + [Link]);
[Link]("\nThe Student marks is " + [Link]);
}

}
Program 3
public class Car
{
int modelYear;
String modelName;

public Car(int year, String name) // Parameterized constructor

{
modelYear = year;
modelName = name;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Car myCar = new Car(1969, "Mustang");
[Link]("Car Year and Model is");
[Link]([Link] + " " + [Link]);
}
}
Program 4 Java Program for Copy Constructor
// Java Program for Copy Constructor
import [Link].*;

class Employee
{
String name;
int id;

Employee(String name, int id) // Parameterized Constructor

{
[Link] = name;
[Link] = id;
}

Employee(Employee e) // Copy Constructor

{
[Link] = [Link];
[Link] = [Link];
}
}
class EmployeeDemo
{
 public static void main(String[] args)
{
Employee e1 = new Employee("Shivam", 68);

[Link]("\nEmployeeName :" + [Link]

+ " and EmployeeId :" + [Link]);
[Link]();

Employee e2 = new Employee(e1);

[Link]("\n\nCopy Constructor used \n\n Second
Object");
[Link]("EmployeeName :" + [Link]
+ " and EmployeeId :" + [Link]);
}
}