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Tut 2

This document contains 10 problems related to real and complex analysis. The problems cover topics like properties of sets, compactness, metrics, limits and continuity. Solutions involve proofs, examples and counterexamples related to these fundamental concepts in analysis.

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83 views2 pages

Tut 2

This document contains 10 problems related to real and complex analysis. The problems cover topics like properties of sets, compactness, metrics, limits and continuity. Solutions involve proofs, examples and counterexamples related to these fundamental concepts in analysis.

Uploaded by

vaishalic2304
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assignment 2 Jan.

2019
Real and Complex Analysis
MTL122/ MTL503/ MTL506
Lecturer: A. Dasgupta [email protected]

(1) Let A ⇢ R and B ⇢ R.


i) Prove that Int(A \ B) = IntA \ IntB.
ii) Prove that IntA [ IntB ⇢ Int(A [ B)
iii) Give an example of two sets A and B with Int(A [ B) 6= IntA [ IntB.

(2) Prove that


i) If A is bounded above then sup A 2 Bd(A).

ii) If a < b < c and the two sets A and B has the property that A \ (a, c) =
B \ (a, c). Show that b 2 Bd(A) if and only if b 2 Bd(B).

(3) Prove or give a counterexample:


i) The union of infinitely many compact sets is compact.
ii) A non-empty subset S of real numbers which has both a largest and a
smallest element is compact.

(4) For A ⇢ R, B ⇢ R, let

A + B = {a + b : a 2 A, b 2 B}.

Let A be closed set, B be a compact set. Show that A + B is closed.

(5) Let (X, d) be a metric space. Define d¯ : X ⇥ X ! R by d(x,


¯ y) = d(x, y) when
¯ y) = 1 when d(x, y) 1.
d(x, y)  1 and d(x,
¯
Prove that d is a metric on X.

(6) Suppose that : [0, 1) ! [0, 1) satisfies (0) = 0, (r) > 0 for all r > 0 and
for all a, b 2 [0, 1) :
i) (a + b)  (a) + (b)
ii) if a  b then (a)  (b).
Let (X, d) be a metric space and let D : X ⇥ X ! R be defined by D(x, y) :=
(d(x, y)). Prove that D is a metric on X.
Q
(7) Let (X1 , d1 ), (X2 , d2 ), ... be a sequence of metric spaces. Let X = n2N Xn ,
i.e, X is the set of all sequences x = (x1 , x2 , ...) with xn 2 Xn for all n 2 N.

1
2

Prove that the function d : X ⇥ X ! R defined by


X1
dn (xn , yn )
d(x, y) = 2 n
n=1
1 + dn (xn , yn )
is a metric on X.

(8) Prove that the function d(m, n) = |m 1 n 1 | for any m, n 2 N defines a


metric on the set of natural numbers. Does this metric extend to R+ .

(9) Let A be a subset of a metric space X with closure Ā and interior of A by A


and boundary of A by A. Show that
i) Show that A = Ā \ A and A is closed.

ii) Prove that X \ Ā = (X \ A) .

iii) Prove that A is closed if and only if A ⇢ A, and A is open if and only
if A ⇢ Ac .

iv) If A is open, does it follow that (Ā) = A?

(10) Let Q, the set of rational numbers, as a metric space with the Euclidean
distance d(p, q) = |p q|. Consider the set
E = {p 2 Q|2 < p2 < 3}.
Show that E is closed and bounded in Q.

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