UNIT 5

Exercise 1:
Put the words in the correct order to make sentences and questions.
1. everyone / OK / is that / with / ?
Is that OK with everyone?
2. the presenter / I’d like / to be / you
I'd like you to be the presenter.
3. do it / I’d like / Kamal to / don’t mind, / if you
If you don't mind, I'd like Kamal to do it.
4. you like / how would / the project plan / to develop / with Camilla / ?
How would you like to develop the project plan with Camilla?
5. with Martin / how / you feel / swapping / about / would / ?
How would you feel about swapping with Martin?
6. the team meetings / could / I was / you / thinking / chair
I was thinking you could chair the team meetings.
7. happy / that’s fine by me / if you’re both / the presentation, / to give / then
If you're both happy to give the presentation, then that's fine by me.
8. perhaps / and she can create the PowerPoint / could swap / you and Marta / for us
Perhaps you and Marta could swap and she can create the PowerPoint for us.
Match the sentences and questions in Exercise 1 (1–8) with these responses (a–h).
a. No, I don’t mind. He’ll do a good job. 3
b. That would be great. I’m not as good as Marta at creating PowerPoint slides. 8
c. Fine. I don’t mind swapping with him. 5
d. No, not really. We’re not all that happy with this plan. 1
e. Great! I don’t mind presenting on my own, but I’d prefer to do it with someone else. 7
f. Sorry, but I’d rather not. I’m not very good at presenting. 2
g. Really? I’m not as experienced as Oscar at chairing meetings. 6
h. Great. We’re good at working together. 4
Exercise 2:
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in the box.

1. If we need cash, we’ll get some from the cash dispenser across the road.
2. The government will get more tax if everyone pays for everything with cards.
3. You’ll have to accept debit or credit card payments if you sell goods online.
4. If you haven’t got any money, we will lend you some.
5. I will save a lot of money every week if I take coffee to work instead of buying it in a café.
6. If they need to borrow a lot of money for the business, they will ask for financial advice
before they make a decision.
7. If there is a lot of inflation, prices will go up.
8. You will need dollars if you trade with the USA.

Exercise 3:
Underline the correct option in italics.
1. Dispenser / Payment for goods under €10 has to be made in cash.
2. Pay in the local currency / revenue when you are abroad.
3. It’s important for the government to increase tax flow / revenues for the whole country.
4. The cash crunch / short meant that there wasn’t enough paper money or coins in the
economy.
5. Please come this way to pay at the cash register / withdraw.
6. We have to pay cash on delivery / system. We can’t pay later.
7. I’m not going to flow / withdraw any cash until I’m paid.
8. When I was a student, I didn’t have a bank account so they paid me cash currency / in
hand.
 Exercise 4:
Complete the dialogues with the words in the box.

A: So people never use coins in a cashless economy. Is that right?

B: Correct. They don’t use coins or paper money.
A: Do you have any small change for the ticket machine?
B: No, I don’t have a penny in my wallet!
A: Do you have to pay cash in this market?
B: No, they accept money via mobile wallets but you need to have the app on your
phone.
A: Do you know where I can get some cash?
B: Yes, there’s a cash dispenser in the shopping centre.
A: Shall I get some coffee and snacks for the meeting?
B: OK, you can take some money from the petty cash.
A: Can you lend me €10?
B: Sorry, I’m a bit short of cash just now.
A: There isn’t any money in the business account!
B: I know, we’ve got a bit of a problem with cash flow at the moment.
A: Is the financial system in their country similar to ours?
B: No, it’s different. Their government has more control.

Exercise 5:
Choose the correct option.
1. You won’t pay interest if you pay off your credit card straightaway.
2. If you eat out all the time, you will spend a lot on food and entertainment.
3. If you don’t want to borrow the money from the bank, I’ll lend it to you.
4. You’ll save money if you walk or cycle instead of using public transport.
5. If the banks stop lending money, they won’t get any interest.
6. It will be cheaper to borrow money if interest rates go down.
7. If you work in a team, you will do the job more quickly.
8. She won’t lend you any money if she doesn’t get the job.
Exercise 6:

Read the text below. Which paragraph (1–6) mentions the following?
a. what you need to do in order to be able to borrow in the future 6
b. an advantage of using only cash 3
c. buying a bus ticket with a credit or debit card 1
d. an advantage of using a credit card when you buy something that isn’t perfect 4
e. why credit and debit cards are safer than carrying cash 2
f. a disadvantage of using credit and debit cards 3
g. not remembering to get any cash at the airport 1
h. a disadvantage of paying for things in cash 4
i. ways that you can save money if you use credit cards 5
Read the article again. Decide if these sentences are true (T) or false (F).
1. The author of the article thinks it’s better to use credit cards than cash.
TRUE
FALSE
2. She doesn’t think you need to pay your credit card bill in full every month.
TRUE
FALSE
3. It makes no difference if you pay for things with cash or a credit card.
TRUE
FALSE
 Read the article and put the phrases under the correct heading.
Less secure
Harder to get your money back on faulty goods
You get rewards
You create a credit history
Easier to see how much you’ve got
You have to pay interest

CASH CREDIT CARD

Less secure You get rewards
Harder to get your money back on faulty goods You create a credit history
Easier to see how much you’ve got You have to pay interest

Exercise 7:
Match the phrases to complete the sentences in a presentation.
Exercise 8:
Write first conditional sentences. Do not change the order of the words.
1. I / pay / cash / if / they / not accept / credit cards
I'll pay cash if they don't accept credit cards.
2. if / we / need / a bigger office / we / move
If we need a bigger office, we will move.
3. I / borrow / from the bank / if / I / need / more money to pay employees’ salaries
I will borrow from the bank if I need more money to pay employees' salaries.
4. they / save / a lot of money / if / they / not employ / many people
They will save a lot of money if they don't employ many people.
5. if / we / not get / a loan / we / not buy / the office space
If we don't get a loan, we won't buy the office space.
6. if / he / raise / his prices / we / not shop / there / anymore
If he raises his prices, we won't shop there anymore.

Exercise 9:
Match the words to make collocations.
 Exercise 10:

a) credit cards b) announced c) mobile wallets d) announcement

e) cashless f) abolished g) credit cards h) cash crunch

I'm here in Mumbai where queues like this outside banks have become a common sight. And that's the story
across the country. Last week, the Indian government (1) ….. that 500- and 1,000-rupee notes would be completely
(2) …... So I want to find out how far I can get without a single penny in my wallet.
A lot of people who have suffered from this (3) …… are small businesses who have to buy their goods up front.
Now, businesses like this stall, something that you find on every street corner in a city like Mumbai. Paan is a
stuffed betel leaf chewed by millions of Indians. Thank you.
Great. So, he accepts (4) ….. so I don't have to give cash. I've got away with it here. Mobile wallets, where you
can load money onto an app, have been around for years and have been gaining in popularity, too. But since the
currency (5) ….. has come in, some payment gateways have been seeing a rise of up to 400 percent in customers.
OK, that's great. So he's accepting money via (6) …., but vegetables are an everyday item normally paid in cash.
So are customers ready to go (7)…..? By taking this step, the government is hoping to get more people and
businesses into the financial system. And this will also help increase tax revenues. Cash? So there you have it. I
managed to do most of the things without cash. But then I need cash for something that millions of Indians do every
day - getting around town. And without everyone willing to turn to (8) ….. even in these difficult times, the Indian
government's hopes of becoming a hundred percent cashless economy could still be far off.
 UNIT 6
Exercise 1:
Underline the correct option in italics.
1. I agree / trust my colleagues to do their jobs well. I give them responsibility.
2. Kamal is a very experienced / reliable member of the team. He always meets deadlines.
3. We need experienced / reliable people to do this job. We don’t have time to train anybody.
4. Renata is very good at dealing with / cooperating with complaints. She usually finds a
solution for the customer.
5. You really need to cooperate with / manage others if you want to work in a team.
6. The team are very good at conflict argument / management. Any issues are dealt with
quickly.
7. We have finally reached an agreement / argument. The contracts are ready.
8. I don’t think the team has enough respect / agreement for their boss. They often ignore
him.

Exercise 2:
Complete the sentences so they have the same meaning as the sentence above.
1. We are in complete agreement.
We agree with each other completely.
2. Tom and José are usually very good at communication.
Tom and José usually communicate very well.
3. The management of the team was very good.
They managed the team very well.
4. There wasn’t any trust between them.
They didn’t trust each other at all.
5. The team had an argument during the meeting.
The team argued during the meeting.
6. Is there cooperation between the directors?
Do the directors cooperate with each other?
Exercise 3:
Complete the sentences with the words in the box.

1. If you want to stop the argument with him, don’t disagree with everything he says.
2. If you want to have everybody’s respect, you need to deal with difficult issues quickly and
fairly.
3. If they want to make progress as a team, they need to improve cooperation.
4. If you argue all the time, it will be difficult to reach an agreement.
5. Our boss needs to be good at conflict management because her group often don’t agree
with each other.
6. If he wants to get a better job, he needs to be more reliable and do what he says he’s going
to do.
7. If everyone reaches a(n) agreement on what we should do about pricing, we can make a
decision and end the meeting.
8. If you want a(n) experienced manager, you should choose somebody who has done the job
before.

Exercise 4:
Underline the correct option in italics.
1. Why are the sales team so angry? Is it someone / something I said?
2. Someone / Everyone has taken my laptop by mistake.
3. I looked everywhere / somewhere for my glasses but I didn’t find them.
4. Somewhere / Someone told me the news about your new job. Congratulations!
5. Is something / somewhere wrong with this report?
6. Is somewhere / somebody meeting us at the airport?
7. I saw everything / everyone that happened in the office.
8. Everybody / Everywhere at the conference had a great time.
 Exercise 5:
The words in bold are in the wrong sentences. Replace each with a word in bold from
another sentence.
1. Do you know everywhere who can do this job? someone
2. Tina has got somebody very important to say. something
3. Greg is something else this afternoon – he’s not in the office. somewhere
4. Is somewhere going to help me or do I have to write the report by myself? somebody
5. Something in the office starts work at 9 a.m. because we want all the staff to come in at the
same time. Everybody
6. I want to go everybody abroad to get some work experience. somewhere
7. Is there someone I can do to help with this problem? something
8. We want to sell our new products somewhere, not just here. Everywhere

Exercise 6:
Complete the sentences with pronouns starting with some- or every-.
1. Is everything ready on the laptop for this presentation?
2. Everyone has arrived for the conference. We’re all here.
3. I’ve been everywhere to find raw materials for our products. I’ve visited every continent!
4. We need to find someone to do this job. We can’t do it ourselves.
5. Did you see everyone at our headquarters or only a few people?
6. People don’t want our products anymore. They want something different.
7. Everything they said about my job was a lie.
8. I want to work somewhere smaller and closer to home.
Exercise 7:
Negative Personal
Careers fairs Employee benefits Internships
reactions coaching
Recruitment
Reputation Salaries Sponsor Work culture
problem

1. Difficulty finding employees _____ _____ Recruitment problem

2. People telling you they don’t like your idea _____ _____ Negative reactions
3. The good or bad opinion people have about a person or company _____ Reputation
4. The money a permanent employee receives in one year from their company_____ Salaries
5. Things like paid holidays, pensions, company car, staff canteen _____ _____ Employee
benefits
6. The personality of a company; what is feels like to work there _____ _____ Work culture
7. Events where employers and universities can meet people looking for work or educational
opportunities _____ _____ Careers fairs
8. To provide the money for someone to do something, e.g. to do a training course _____
Sponsor
9. When students get a job at a company (perhaps unpaid) to get work experience, they have
one of these _____ Internships
10. Special one-to-one help to develop in your career _____ _____ Personal coaching

Exercise 8:
Underline the correct option in italics.
1. I know exactly how / why you feel!
2. Look on the bright / happy side.
3. That’s too bad / worse!
4. I’m sorry it didn’t work in / out for you.
5. I hope / wish you’re not too disappointed.
6. It sounds as / like you put a lot of work into it.
7. I know how / what important it was to you.
8. If it makes you be / feel any better, I applied for fifty jobs before I got an interview.
9. Put it ahead / behind you and move on.
10. The question to ask yourself is: what can I learn / teach from this?
 UNIT 7
Excercise 1:
Match the sentences that go together.

Excercise 2:
Match the two parts of the phrases about research and development.
Excerise 3:
Complete the sentences with the phrases.

1. We asked a group of testers to give feedback on a prototype of the product we want to

launch.
2. Customers can purchase a finished product when it becomes commercially available.
3. Our designers are going to make improvements to the function of a product we already
manufacture.
4. The designers deal with problems and design challenges after the first design.
5. The company are going to make the product commercially available when they’ve
finished final improvements to the design.
6. They will produce a final design for testing when they have found solutions to the
problems with the last designs.

Excercise 4:
Underline the incorrect option(s) in each sentence. There may be two incorrect options.
1. You have to / can’t / need to get to the office before 9 a.m. Work starts at 9 o’clock.
2. You need a degree to work here. You can / can’t / have to apply without one.
3. We need to / can’t / don’t need to employ another manager. There are too many in this
department.
4. Neta can / can’t / has to go to the conference in the USA. She hasn’t got a visa.
5. I can / have to / don’t need to come in to work early tomorrow if you need more help.
6. Joe doesn’t have to / can’t / needs to start work at 8, but he always arrives before 8.
7. We can / need to / don’t have to buy a new photocopying machine if this one is broken.
8. Don’t send a letter of application. You need to / can / can’t apply for the job online.
 Excercise 5:
Underline the correct option in italics.
1. If you can just check / checking that your webcam is on, please?
2. I’m afraid we can’t hear / hearing you very well.
3. Can you switch / switching off your webcam? We’ll just use audio.
4. Could you be / move closer to the microphone?
5. I can hear a lot of background noise / noises.
6. Your screen is black / blank. Have you switched on your webcam?
7. There’s a bit / little of an echo.
8. Would you mind use / using your headphones?
9. You keep cut / cutting out. The connection is bad.
10. Can you move your mobile phone away of / from your computer?
Match the sentences and questions in Exercise 2A (1–10) with these responses (a–j). Then
listen and check.
a. Sorry, I’m on a train. It’s quite noisy. I’ll use the mute button. 5
b. Sorry, no, I haven’t. I had to switch it off because my internet connection was very slow. 6
c. Sure. I’ll switch it on now. Can you see me? 1
d. I’ll check my volume settings. Is that better? 2
e. Good idea. The webcam was really slowing down my internet connection. 3
f. Yes, of course. I was a bit too far back. Can you hear me now? 4
g. Sure. Was there a lot of background noise? Is this better? 8
h. Yes, the connection’s terrible. I’ll hang up and call you back. 9
i. Sure. I’ll just put it in my bag. 10
j. Oh. Sorry, that must be because my mobile phone’s right next to my computer. I’ll switch
it off. 7
Exercise 6:
Complete the instructions with the words in the box.

1. begin
2. by
3. then
4. that
5. step
6. done
7. you
8. once
9. steps
10. last
 Exercise 7:
Complete the dialogues with can/can’t, need to / have to, do/don’t.
A. I don’t have my credit card. Can you pay in cash in the new store?
B. Yes, you can.
A. Can employees work flexible working hours at your company?
B. No, they can’t. Everyone has to start at 9 and finish at 5.
A. Do I need to wear a suit at the conference?
B. No, you don’t. Casual clothes are fine.
A. Does Hannah have to work with other departments?
B. No, she doesn’t She works alone.
A. Do we have to work next weekend?
B. Yes, we do.
A. Can Sue check in to the hotel before tomorrow’s meeting if she needs to?
B. No, she can’t. Check-in is from midday.

Exercise 8:
Rewrite the sentences. Use the correct form of can/can’t, have to / need to or don’t have
to / don’t need to.
1. It isn’t necessary for Rita to finish the report today.
Rita doesn't have to finish the report today.
2. It’s necessary for Tom and Henry to bring their passports.
Tom and Henry have to bring their passports.
3. It isn’t possible for Bella to travel during the sales conference.
Bella can’t travel during the sales conference.
4. It isn’t necessary for Carlos to interview all the candidates.
Carlos doesn’t need to interview all the candidates.
5. It’s possible for Valerie to help you with your presentation.
Valerie can help you with your presentation.
6. It isn’t possible for Liz and Brian to go to the meeting.
Liz and Brian can’t go to the meeting.
Exercise 9:
1. The programme Marina watched included interviews with restaurant owners / scientists.
2. Marina says that robots can / can’t talk to customers in restaurants.
3. Marina says that some restaurant customers find robots annoying / amusing.
4. Karl says that using robots will save money / time.
5. According to Marina, a robot can / can’t help older people remember things.
6. The programme Karl watched was about robots in hospitals / care homes.
7. Karl says that robot pets are / aren’t popular with old people.
8. Marina hopes that using robots will leave more time for human communication / humans
to do heavy work.

Exercise 10:
Complete the sentences with the words in bold.
challenges prototype feedback
test design launch

1. We would like to test the product with some small groups to check the functions work
well.
2. The development of the prototype is exciting – it’s the first opportunity to see what it
might look like.
3. One of the design challenges will be to ensure all of the product functions are accessible.
4. The plan is to launch the product in the shops in six months.
5. We received the design brief for the new phone, and we have made some sketchs.
6. It’s important to get customer feedback so that we can make improvements to the next
model.
Exercise 11:
Put the R&D stages in a suitable order.
a. Think about possible solutions. 3
b. Develop a prototype. 5
c. Identify a problem. 1
d. Make simple sketches. 4
e. Get feedback. 9
f. Test the product. 8
g. Make improvements to the design. 7
h. Deal with design challenges. 6
i. Create a design brief. 2
j. Launch a product. 10
 UNIT 8
Exercise 1:
Match the phrases to complete the sentences.

Exercise 2: