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    Print - (Exploring CS) Lecture 2 - Notes

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    Tô Huỳnh Phúc
    The document provides an overview of the internet, including its history and architecture. It describes common internet uses such as communication, online shopping, entertainment, and e-learning. It also covers topics like browsers, URLs, internet access, and challenges.

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    Print - (Exploring CS) Lecture 2 - Notes

    Uploaded by

    Tô Huỳnh Phúc
    6 views6 pages
    The document provides an overview of the internet, including its history and architecture. It describes common internet uses such as communication, online shopping, entertainment, and e-learning. It also covers topics like browsers, URLs, internet access, and challenges.

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    Print_[Exploring CS] Lecture 2 - Notes

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    The document provides an overview of the internet, including its history and architecture. It describes common internet uses such as communication, online shopping, entertainment, and e-learning. It also covers topics like browsers, URLs, internet access, and challenges.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    6 views6 pages

    Print - (Exploring CS) Lecture 2 - Notes

    Uploaded by

    Tô Huỳnh Phúc
    The document provides an overview of the internet, including its history and architecture. It describes common internet uses such as communication, online shopping, entertainment, and e-learning. It also covers topics like browsers, URLs, internet access, and challenges.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 6

    The Internet, The Web,

    Electronic Commerce
    -Lecture 2-

    Introduction
    - The Internet is often referred to as the Information Superhighway because it
    connects millions of people across the globe.
    - Unlike a typical highway, the Internet moves ideas, data and information through
    networks
    - The Web provides an easy to use, intuitive multimedia interface to connect to the
    Internet
    - Competent end users need to be aware of the resources available on the Internet
    and the Web

    The Internet and the Web


    - The Internet is the largest global network, connecting smaller networks
    worldwide
    - The Internet was launched in 1969
    o National computer network
    o US funded project called ARPANET – Advanced Research Projects Agency
    NETwork
    - WWW was introduced in 1991 at CERN

    Internet Network Architecture


    - TCP/IP model with 5 layers:
    o Physical layer: Connect to the network
    o Network Access: Interface with the physical network
    o Internet layer: IP addressing and routing of network traffic
    o Transport layer: Flow control, error control
    o Application layer: Troubleshooting, file sharing, internet
    - Applications: Google, email, Facebook…

    LAN – Local Area Network


    - Characteristics:
    o Smaller scope: Building or small campus
    o Usually owned by same organization as attached devices
    o Data rates much higher
    - Categories:
    o Switched LANs:
    ▪ Ethernet
    o Wireless LANs
    o ATM LANs (Asynchronous Transfer Mode)

    MAN – Metropolitan Area Network


    - Characteristics:
    o Middle ground between LAN and WAN
    o Private or public
    o High speed
    o Large area

    WAN – Wide-Area Network


    - Characteristics:
    o Span a large geographical area
    o Cross public rights of way
    - Technologies used include:
    o Circuit switching
    o Packet switching
    o Frame relay
    o Asynchronous Transfer Mode

    Common Internet Uses


    - Communication: Emails, Discussion Groups, Chats
    o Email: Header (Address, Subject, Attachment), Message, Signature Line
    ▪ Spam: Junk, unwanted emails
    ▪ Computer viruses or destructive programs are often attached to
    unsolicited email
    ▪ Spam blockers use a variety of approaches to identify and control
    spam
    ▪ Spam blockers are also referred to as Junk mail filters or Anti-spam
    programs
    ▪ Gmail, Yahoo Mail, iCloud Mail, Outlook, AOL Mail
    o Instant messaging: Messenger, WhatsApp, LINE, WeChat, Skype, Discord
    ▪ Extension of email that provides direct, live communication between
    two or more people
    ▪ Instant messaging programs also include:
    • Video conferencing features
    • File sharing
    • Remote assistance
    o Social Networking: One of the fastest growing uses of the Internet. 3 basic
    categories
    ▪ Reuniting sites
    ▪ Friend of a friend sites
    ▪ Common interest sites
    ▪ Facebook, WhatsApp, Instagram, TikTok, Snapchat, X, Youtube
    o Blogs, microblogs, wikis
    ▪ Web logs or blogs – posting that are date and time stamped and then
    arranged with the most recent items shown first
    ▪ Microblogs – short status updates or sentences that answer the
    question: What are you doing now?
    ▪ Wiki – a specially designed Web site that allows visitors to edit the
    contents (fill in missing information)
    • WikiHow, Wikipedia, Fandom, Wikitravel, Wiktionary,
    Gamepedia
    - Online Shopping
    o Amazon, Shopee, Lazada, eBay, Tiki
    o E-Commerce Buying and selling goods over the Internet
    ▪ B2C Business to Consumer
    • Fastest growing type of e-commerce
    • Online banking, financial trading, shopping
    ▪ C2C Consumer to Consumer
    • Similar to traditional auctions
    • Auction house sites, person to person auction sites
    ▪ B2B Business to Business
    • Involves the sale of a product or service from one business to
    another
    • Manufacturer supplier relationship
    o Security: Payment must be fast, reliable, secure
    ▪ Three basic options: checks, credit card, digital cash
    - Searching
    o Specialized programs to assist in locating information
    ▪ Google, Bing, Yahoo, DuckDuckGo, Baidu, YouTube
    o Types of searches: Keyword search, directory search
    o Metasearch engines
    ▪ Dogpile, MetaGer, Google Scholar, Skyscanner, MetaCrawler
    o Specialized search engines
    o Content evaluation:
    ▪ Not all information on the web is accurate.
    ▪ Ways to evaluate accuracy of Web information by authority, accuracy,
    objectivity, currency
    - Entertainment
    - E-learning
    - Cloud Computing
    o Amazon Web Service, Google Cloud, Microsoft Azure, Alibaba, Digital
    Ocean
    o Shifts computing activities from users’ desktop to computers on the
    internet
    o Frees end users from owning, maintaining and storing software programs
    and data
    o 3 basic components:
    ▪ Client
    ▪ Service provider
    ▪ Internet
    - Web Utilities
    o Plugins: Enhance browsing experience by enabling special file formats and
    multimedia elements
    o Filters: Block access to selected sites
    o File Transfer Utilities: Upload/download files to/from the Internet. 3
    popular types of programs
    ▪ File transfer protocol (FTP & SFTP)
    ▪ Web-based file transfer services
    ▪ BitTorrent
    o Internet Security Suites: Maintain your security and privacy while on the
    web
    ▪ Avast Antivirus, McAfee, Norton Antivirus, Kaspersky, ESET

    Access
    - Common way to access the Internet is through a Commercial Internet Service
    Provider (ISP)
    o National Service Providers
    o Wireless Service Providers

    Browsers
    - Programs that provide access to Web resources
    - Allow you to surf the Internet
    - Chrome, Firefox, MS Edge, Opera, Safari, Brave, Arc, IE
    - Address or location of the resource must be specified
    URLs
    - Uniform Resource Locators
    - URLs have at least 2 parts:
    o Protocol (http or https)
    o Domain name (google.com, .com is top level domain)
    o Top level domains (TLDs) provide further information about the website
    - Browsers interpret HTML commands (Hypertext Markup Language, contained in
    a document)
    - Display document as a web page

    Challenges
    - Energy
    - Smart
    - Quality of Service
    - Connectivity

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