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    Laboratory No 5-6

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    Laboratory No 5-6

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    Laboratory No 5-6

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    of 7

    LABORATORY No.

    : 5

    LABORATORY TITLE: STANDARD PROCTOR COMPACTION TEST

    NAME: COURSE CODE/COURSE TITLE: PC 307L/SOIL


    MECHANICS

    COURSE & SECTION: DATE:

    I. OBJECTIVE:
    - This method of test is intended for determining the relationship between the
    moisture content and density of soils when compacted in a given mold of a given
    size with a 5.5lb rammer dropped from a height of 12in.

    II. THEORY AND DISCUSSION:


    For the construction of highways, airports, and other structures, it is often necessary to
    compact soil to improve its strength. Proctor (1933) developed a laboratory compaction
    test procedure to determine the maximum dry unit weight of compaction of soils which
    can be used for specification of field compaction. This test is referred to as the standard
    Proctor compaction test and is based on the compaction of the soil fraction passing No, 4
    U.S. sieve,

    III. SPECIMEN:
    - Soil Material passing a 4.75mm (sieve no. 4).

    IV. MATERIALS AND APPARATUSES:


    1. Compaction mold
    2. No.4 U.S. sieve
    3. Standard Proctor hammer (5.5lb)
    4. Balance sensitive up to 0.01 lb
    5. Balance sensitive up to 0.1 g
    6. Large flat pan
    7. Jack
    8. Steel straight edge
    9. Moisture cans
    10. Drying oven
    11. Plastic squeeze bottle with water

    Proctor Compaction Mold and Hammer


    A schematic diagram of the Proctor compaction mold, which is 4 in. (101.6mm) in diameter
    and 4.584 in. (116.4) in height, is shown in Fig. 12-2a. There is a base plate and an extension
    that can be attached to the top and bottom of the mold, respectively. The inside of the mold
    is 1/30 ft3 (943.9 cm3).
    Figure 12-2b shows the schematic diagram of a standard Proctor hammer. The
    hammer can be lifted and dropped through a vertical distance of 12 in. (304.8 mm).
    V. PROCEDURE:
    1. Obtain about 10lb (4.5 kg) of air-dry soil on which the compaction test is to be
    conducted. Break all the soil lumps.
    2. Sieve the soil on a No.4 U.S. sieve. Collect all of the minus-4 material in a large pan. This
    should be about 6lb (2.7 kg) or more.
    3. Add enough water to the minus-4 material and mix it in thoroughly to bring the
    moisture content up to about 5%.
    4. Determine the weight of the Proctor mold + base plate (not the extension), W1, (lb).
    5. Now attach the extension to the top of the mold.
    6. Pour the moist soil into the mold in three equal layers. Each layer should be compacted
    uniformly by the standard Proctor hammer 25 times before the next layer of loose soil is
    poured into the mold.
    Note: The layers of loose soil that are being poured into the mold should be such that,
    at the end of the three-layer compaction, the soil should extend slightly above the top of
    the rim of the compaction mold.
    7. Remove the top attachment from the mold. Be careful not to break off any of the
    compacted soil inside the mold while removing the top attachment.
    8. Using a straight edge, trim the excess soil above the mold (Fig. 12-3). Now the top of the
    compacted soil will be even with the top of the mold.
    9. Determine the weight of the mold + base plate + compacted moist soil in the mold, W2
    (lb).
    10. Remove the base plate from the mold. Using a jack, extrude the compacted soil cylinder
    from the mold.
    11. Take a moisture can and determine its mass, W3 (g).
    12. From the moist soil extruded in Step 10, collect a moisture sample in the moisture can
    (Step II) and determine the mass of the can + moist soil, W4 (g).
    13. Place the moisture can with the moist soil in the oven to dry to a constant weight.
    14. Break the rest of the compacted soil (to No.4 size) by hand and mix it with the leftover
    moist soil in the pan. Add more water and mix it to raise the moisture content by about
    2%.
    15. Repeat Steps 6 through 12. In this process, the weight of the mold + base plate +
    moist soil (W ~ will first increase with the increase in moisture content and then
    decrease. Continue the test until at least two successive down readings are obtained.
    16. The next day, determine the mass of the moisture cans + soil samples, W5 (g) (from
    Step 13).

    VI. TEST RESULT:

    TABLE 8. Determination of Dry Unit Weight


    TEST No.: 1 2 3 4 5 6

    Weight of mold, W1 (lb)

    Weight of mold + moist soil, W2 (lb)

    Weight of moist soil, W1 - W2 (lb)

    Moist unit weight, γ = W2 – W1 (lb/ft3)

    1/30

    Moisture can number

    Mass of moisture can, W3 (g)

    Mass of can + moist soil, W4 (g)

    Mass of can + dry soil, W5 (g)

    Moisture content, w (%) = W4 – W5 x


    100

    W5 – W3

    Dry unit weight of compaction,

    γ (lb/ft3) = γ
    1 + [w (%)/100]

    Volume of Mold: 1/30 ft3

    Weight of Hammer: 5.5 lb

    Number of Blow/Layer: 25 blows

    Number of Layers: 3 layers


    I. OBSERVATION:

    II. CONCLUSION:

    III. APPENDICES: (CALCULATION AND GRAPHS)

    TABLE 8.1 Zero-Air-Void Unit Weight

    Specific gravity of Assumed moisture Unit weight of


    soil solids, Gs γzab (lb/ft3)
    content, w (%) water, γw (lb/ft3)
    LABORATORY No.: 6

    LABORATORY TITLE: MODIFIED PROCTOR COMPACTION TEST

    NAME: COURSE CODE/COURSE TITLE: PC 307L/SOIL


    MECHANICS

    COURSE & SECTION: DATE:

    V. OBJECTIVE:
    - This method of test is intended for determining the relationship between the
    moisture content and density of soils when compacted in a given mold of a given
    size with a 10lb rammer dropped from a height of 18in.

    VI. THEORY AND DISCUSSION:


    In the preceding chapter, we have seen that water generally acts as a lubricant between
    solid particles during the soil compaction process. Because of this, in the initial stages of
    compaction, the dry unit weight of compaction increases. However, another factor that
    will control the dry unit weight of compaction of soil at a given moisture content is the
    energy of compaction. For the standard Proctor compaction test, the energy of
    compaction can be given by
    𝑏𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑠 1𝑓𝑡
    (3 𝑙𝑎𝑦𝑒𝑟𝑠)(25 )(5.5𝑙𝑏)( ) 𝑙𝑏𝑓𝑡
    𝑙𝑎𝑦𝑒𝑟 𝑏𝑙𝑜𝑤
    = 12,375 3 (593𝑘𝐽/𝑚3 )
    1 3 𝑓𝑡
    30 𝑓𝑡
    The modified Proctor compaction test is a standard test procedure for compaction of soil
    using a higher energy of compaction. In this test, the compaction energy is equal to
    𝑙𝑏𝑓𝑡
    56,250 3 (2694𝑘𝐽/𝑚3 )
    𝑓𝑡
    VII. SPECIMEN:
    - Soil Material passing a 4.75mm (sieve no. 4).

    VIII. MATERIALS AND APPARATUSES:


    1. Compaction mold
    2. No.4 U.S. sieve
    3. Standard Proctor hammer (10lb)
    4. Balance sensitive up to 0.01 lb
    5. Balance sensitive up to 0.1 g
    6. Large flat pan
    7. Jack
    8. Steel straight edge
    9. Moisture cans
    10. Drying oven
    11. Plastic squeeze bottle with water
    VI. PROCEDURE:
    The procedure is the same as described in Standard Proctor Test, except for Item 6. The
    moist soil has to be poured into the mold in five equal layers. Each layer has to be
    compacted by the modified Proctor hammer with 25 blows per layer.

    VII. TEST RESULT:

    TABLE 8. Determination of Dry Unit Weight


    TEST No.: 1 2 3 4 5 6

    Weight of mold, W1 (lb)

    Weight of mold + moist soil, W2 (lb)

    Weight of moist soil, W1 - W2 (lb)

    Moist unit weight, γ = W2 – W1 (lb/ft3)

    1/30

    Moisture can number

    Mass of moisture can, W3 (g)

    Mass of can + moist soil, W4 (g)

    Mass of can + dry soil, W5 (g)

    Moisture content, w (%) = W4 – W5 x


    100

    W5 – W3

    Dry unit weight of compaction,

    γ (lb/ft3) = γ
    1 + [w (%)/100]

    Volume of Mold: 1/30 ft3

    Weight of Hammer: 10 lb

    Number of Blow/Layer: 56 blows

    Number of Layers: 5 layers

    IV. OBSERVATION:
    V. CONCLUSION:

    VI. APPENDICES: (CALCULATION AND GRAPHS)

    TABLE 8.1 Zero-Air-Void Unit Weight

    Specific gravity of Assumed moisture Unit weight of


    soil solids, Gs γzab (lb/ft3)
    content, w (%) water, γw (lb/ft3)

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