Geometry Chapter 12: Circles Name: ________________________________

12.1 Tangent Lines

Objectives: To use the relationship between a radius and a tangent. To use the relationship between two tangents from one point

Tangent to a Circle:

Point of Tangency:

Theorem 12-1:

If a line is tangent to a circle, then the line is perpendicular to the radius drawn to the point of tangency.

1. is tangent to at point A. Find the value of x. 2. is tangent to . Find the value of x.

3. Find the value of x 4. Find the value of x

5. Find the value of x

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6. is inscribed in quadrilateral XYZW. Find the 7. is inscribed in has a perimeter
perimeter of XYZW. of 88 cm. Find QY.

8. has radius 5. Point P is outside such that 9. If OA = 4, AP =7, and OP = 8, is tangent to

PO = 12, and point A is on such that PA = 12. at A?
Is tangent to at A? Explain.

10. A belt fits tightly around two circular pulleys, as 11. In the diagram, ZY is tangent to circles O and P.
shown. Find the distance between the centers of the Find the value of x.
pulleys. Round your answer to the nearest tenth.

12.2 Chords and Arcs

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Objectives: To use congruent chords, arcs, and central angles. To recognize properties of lines through the center of a circle

Within a circle, or in congruent circles…

1.

2.

3.

And

1.

2.

In a circle, a diameter that is perpendicular to a The perpendicular bisector of a chord contains the
chord bisects the chord and its arcs. center of the circle.

The converse is also true.

1. Find AB. 2. Find the value of x. 3a. Find the length of the chord.

3b. Find the distance from the midpoint of the chord

to the midpoint of its minor arc.

5. 6.

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7. Radius bisects What can you 8. P and Q are points on . The distance from O
conclude, and why? to is 15 in., and PQ = 16 in. Find the radius of
.

₪ by the

₪ because

₪ because

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12.3 Inscribed Angles
Objectives: To find the measure of an inscribed angle. To find the measure of an angle formed by a tangent and a chord

If the vertex of an angle is on the circle, and the The measure of an inscribed angle is half the
sides of the angle are chords of the circle, then the measure of its intercepted arc.
angle is an inscribed angle.

The arc cut off by the angle is called the intercepted

arc.

There are three corollaries to the theorem. The measure of an angle formed by a tangent and
a chord is half the measure of the intercepted arc.
1.

2.

3.

1. Find x.

2. Find y.

3. Find

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4. Find x 5. Find x

6. Find x 7. Find x

8. Find the values of a and b. 9. Find the measure of each numbered angle.

10. and are diameters of circle A. is tangent to at point R. Find

11. Find x 12. Find x, y, and z

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12.4 Angle Measures and Segment Lengths
Objectives: To find the measures of angles formed by chords, secants, and tangents. To find the lengths of segments associated with circles.

A secant is a line that intersects a The measure of an angle formed The measure of an angle formed
circle at two points. by two lines that intersect a by two lines that intersect
circle is half the sum of the outside a circle is half the
measures of the intercepted difference of the measures of the
arcs: intercepted arcs:

For a given point and circle, the product of the lengths of the two segments from the
point to the circle is constant along any line through the point and circle.

1. Find the value of W. 2. Find the value of x to 3. Find the value of x. 4. Find the value of x.
the nearest tenth.

5. Find the value of x. 6. Find the value of x. 7. Find the value of x.

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8. An advertising agency wants a frontal photo of a 9. A tram travels from point A to point B along the
“flying saucer” ride at an amusement park. The arc of a circle with a radius of 125 ft. Find the
photographer stands at the vertex of the angle shortest distance from point A to point B.
formed by tangents to the “flying saucer.” What is
the measure of the arc that will be in the
photograph? In the diagram, the photographer
stands at point T.

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12.5 Circles in the Coordinate Plane
Objectives: To write an equation of a circle. To find the center and radius of a circle on a coordinate plane

The equation of a circle with center and radius r is

This is called the standard form of an equation of a circle.

1. Write the standard equation of a circle with 2. A diagram locates a radio tower at on a
center and radius coordinate grid where each unit represents 1 mile. The
radio signal’s range is 80 miles. Find an equation that
describes the position and range of the tower.

3. Write the standard equation of a circle with 4. Write the standard equation of a circle with center
center that passes through the point that passes through the point .
.

5. Find the center and radius of the circle with 6. Find the center and radius of the circle with equation
equation Then graph Then graph the circle.
the circle.

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7. When you make a call on a cell phone, a tower receives the call. In the diagram, the centers of circles O,
A, and B are locations of cellular towers. Write an equation that describes the position and range of tower A.

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