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Comprends Le Css Canvas

The document discusses using the canvas feature in Tkinter to draw shapes and animate objects. It explains how to create a canvas, draw shapes on the canvas like rectangles and bind keystrokes to trigger functions. Understanding how to manipulate the canvas is essential for building bigger projects.

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Erschel Touneni
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18 views

Comprends Le Css Canvas

The document discusses using the canvas feature in Tkinter to draw shapes and animate objects. It explains how to create a canvas, draw shapes on the canvas like rectangles and bind keystrokes to trigger functions. Understanding how to manipulate the canvas is essential for building bigger projects.

Uploaded by

Erschel Touneni
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Using the canvas (Tkinter part 2)

The canvas is probably the most interesting feature that Tkinter has. It allows you to draw shapes
in an almost free-form manner. Although the basic canvas commands are rather simple, they will
allow you to animate objects, which allow you to make fully functional games. Understanding
how to manipulate the canvas is absolutely essential before you can move on to bigger and better
projects.

Creating the canvas:


After creating the root, we must construct the canvas. The function used to create the canvas is,
predictably, Canvas(master, ... ). Although Canvas has a large number of options, for
now we will only concern ourselves with two, width (which gives the width of the canvas in
pixels), and height (which gives the height of the canvas in pixels).

If we wanted our Tkinter window to have only one canvas of height and width 300, the code we
would write would look like this:

from Tkinter import *


root = Tk()
foo = Canvas(root, height = 300, width = 300)
foo.pack()
root.mainloop()

We declared canvas as a global variable because we will want to be able to access it in the
function we make later.

Drawing on the canvas:


If we want to draw a rectangle on our canvas, foo, the syntax would look like this:
foo.create_rectangle(topLeftX, topLeftY, bottomRightX,
bottomRightY, ...)
Like all methods, there are many options to foo.create_canvas, but for now we will only
care about one, fill. If we wanted to create a red square which was a hundred pixels wide and
nested in the top corner of the canvas, the function call would look like this:
foo.create_rectangle(0,0,100,100,fill = "red")

Other objects that you can draw in Tkinter include ovals, lines, and text. A full list appears
online.

Binding keystrokes:
If we want one of the widgets we created in Tkinter to do something whenever we press a key,
we must bind that key to that widget. The syntax for binding a keystroke is:
foo.bind(event,handler)where foo is the widget, event is the name of the key, and
handler is the function that we want to call when we press that key. The function should take
no parameters other than event.

If we wanted to draw a square on the canvas whenever we pressed the space bar, our code would
look something like this:
from Tkinter import *
root = Tk()
foo = Canvas(root, height = 300, width = 300)

def drawSquare(event):
global foo
foo.create_rectangle(100,100,200,200,fill = "red")

foo.pack()
root.bind("<Space>",drawSquare)

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