VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

JnanaSangama, Belagavi-590010

DBMS MINI PROJECT REPORT 1

ON
“Online Bus Ticket Booking System for Travel Management”

Submitted in partial fulfillment for the requirements for the fifth semester
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

For the Academic Year 2023-2024

Submitted by:
PRITI MONDAL 1MV21CS073
VAISHNAVI 1MV21CS115
VINAY KUMAR 1MV21CS119
PIYUSH KUMAR 1MV21CS127

Under the guidance of:

Dr. Suma Swamy
Professor, Department of CSE
Sir M.Visvesvaraya Institute of Technology, Bengaluru

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

SIR M.VISVESVARAYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
HUNASAMARANAHALLI, BENGALURU-562157
 SIR M.VISVESVARAYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Krishnadevaraya Nagar, International Airport Road,
Hunasmaranahalli, Bengaluru – 562157
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE
It is certified that the DBMS Mini Project work entitled " ONLINE BUS TICKET BOOKING
SYSTEM FOR TRAVEL MANAGEMENT" is carried out by PRITI
MONDAL(1MV21CS073), VAISHNAVI(1MV21CS115), VINAY KUMAR M
S(1MV21CS119), PIYUSH KUMAR(1MV21CS127) bonafide students of Sir M
VisvesvarayaInstitute of Technology in partial fulfillment for the 5 th semester for the award of
the Degree of Bachelor of Engineering in Computer Science and Engineering of the
Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi during the academic year 2023-2024. It is
certified that all corrections and suggestions indicated for Internal Assessment have been
incorporated in the report deposited in the department library. The project report has been
approved as it satisfies the academic requirements in respect of project work prescribed for the
course of Bachelor of Engineering.

Name &Signature of Name & Signature of Name & Signature of

Guide HOD Principal

Dr. Suma Swamy Dr. Anitha T N Dr. Rakesh S G

Prof & Internal Guide HOD Principal,
Dept. of CSE, Sir Dept. of CSE, Sir MVIT
MVIT Sir MVIT Bengaluru– 562157
Bengaluru-562157 Bengaluru-562157

External Examination:

Name of Examiner Signature with Date

1)

2)
I
 DECLARATION

We hereby declare that the entire project work embodied in this dissertation has been carried
out by us and no part has been submitted for any degree or diploma of any institution
previously.

Place: Bengaluru

Date:

Signature of Students:

PRITI MONDAL VAISHNAVI

(1MV21CS073)
(1MV21CS115)

VINAY KUMAR M S PIYUSH KUMAR

(1MV21CS119) (1MV21CS127)

II
 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

It gives us immense pleasure to express our sincere gratitude to the management of Sir M.
Visvesvaraya Institute of Technology, Bengaluru for providing the opportunity and the
resources to accomplish our project work in their premises.

On the path of learning, the presence of an experienced guide is indispensable and we would
like to thank our guide Dr Suma Swamy, Professor, Department of CSE, for her invaluable
help and guidance.

Heartfelt and sincere thanks to Dr. Anitha T N, HOD, Department of CSE, for her
suggestions,constant support and encouragement.

We would also like to convey our regards to Dr. Rakesh S G, Principal, Sir MVIT for
providing us with the infrastructure and facilities needed to develop our project.

We would also like to thank the staff of Department of Computer Science and Engineering
and lab-in-charges for their co-operation and suggestions. Finally, we would like to thank all
our friends for their help and suggestions without which completing this project would not
have been possible.

- PRITI MONDAL 1MV21CS073

- VAISHNAVI 1MV21CS115

- VINAY KUMAR 1MV21CS119

- PIYUSH KUMAR 1MV21CS127

III
 ABSTRACT

The Bus Ticket Booking System in Travel Management is a sophisticated software solution
designed to enhance the efficienc and convenience of booking bus tickets for travel purposes. This
system serves as a centralized platform that seamlessly integrates with travel management systems,
providing a comprehensive solution for both travelers and travel coordinators.

The system offers a user-friendly interface for travelers, allowing them to easily search for bus
routes, view schedules, and make bookings within the context of their broader travel plans.
Travelers can conveniently reserve bus tickets, choose preferred seats, and receive e-tickets,
ensuring a smooth and integrated travel experience. The system also incorporates features such as
real-time updates on bus availability, departure times, and pricing, ensuring travelers have the most
up-to-date information at their fingertips.

For travel coordinators and managers, the Bus Ticket Booking System integrates seamlessly with
travel management platforms. It enables coordinators to plan and book bus transportation as part of
a larger travel itinerary, ensuring a cohesive and well-managed travel experience. The system
facilitates efficient coordination of bus services, providing real-time visibility into bookings,
occupancy levels, and travel expenses.

The Bus Ticket Booking System in Travel Management is a valuable tool for organizations and
individuals seeking to streamline the process of booking bus tickets within the broader context of
travel planning. By fostering integration, efficiency, and real-time information accessibility, this
system contributes to the over all improvement of travel management processes and enhances the
travel experience for both individual and corporate travelers.

IV
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapters Page no.

1. Introduction 1-2

Introduction 1

Aim / Objectives Of This Project 2

2. Front End and Back End 3-10

HTML 3-5
CSS 6-7
JavaScript 8-9
Back end 10

3. Specifications 11-13

3.1 : Software Requirements 11-12

3.1.1 : Functional Requirements 11
3.1.2 : Non- Functional Requirements 12
3.2 : Hardware Requirement 13

4. System Design 14-19

4.1 ER Diagram 14-16

4.2 UML Diagram 17-19
5. Conceptual Design 20-22
5.1 Create Commands 20-22
5.2 Insert Commands and Data 23-2
5.3 SQL Queries 22-22
6. Front End Design, Connectivity 22-22
and Implementation
4.1 Data Acquisition 27
4.2 Data Pre-processing 27

V
 4.3 Data Segmentation 28
4.4 Data Clustering 28
4.5 Feature Extraction 29

7. Source Code- Front end 30-36

8. Results, Discussion & Screenshots 39-46

9. Conclusion & Scope 47

10. References & Weblinks 48-49

VI
 LIST OF FIGURES

Fig. No. Description Page No.

2.1 HTML 04
2.2 HTML CODE AND WEB PAGE 05
2.3 CSS LOGO 06
2.4 CSS EXAMPLE OUTPUT 07

2.5 JAVASCRIPT 08

2.6 JAVASCRIPT EXAMPLE 09

2.7 FRONTEND AND 10

4.1 BACKEND ER DIAGRAM 14

OF BUS TICKET BOOKING
4.2 SYSTEM 17

UML DIAGRAM OF BUS TICKET

4.3 BOOKING SYSTEM
D

VI
I
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION

The Online Bus Ticket Booking System for Travel Management is a mini project that aims to
provide a convenient and user-friendly platform for travelers to search and book bus tickets
online. This project utilizes the power of database management using MySQL to store and
manage the necessary information related to buses, routes, schedules, and bookings.

The system allows users to search for buses based on their desired origin and destination, along
with the preferred travel date. Upon entering these details, the system retrieves relevant
information from the database and displays available bus options, including departure time,
duration, fare and seat availability.

The Online Bus Ticket Booking System for Travel Management is a pioneering project aimed at
revolutionizing the way bus transportation is planned, booked, and managed within the broader
context of travel arrangements. In an era where seamless integration and efficiency are
paramount in the travel industry, this project seeks to provide a comprehensive solution that
caters to the needs of both individual travelers and travel coordinators.

Need for the project:

As the travel industry continues to evolve, the demand for efficient and user-friendly solutions
has grown significantly. Bus transportation, a crucial component of travel, often faces
challenges related to manual booking processes, lack of real-time information, and disjointed
coordination within the broader travel itinerary. This project addresses these challenges by
introducing an innovative Online Bus Ticket Booking System integrated into the larger
framework of travel management.

DEPT. OF CSE, SIR MVIT 2023-2024 1

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

OBJECTIVES
The primary objectives of this project are as follows:

Seamless Integration: Develop a system that seamlessly integrates bus ticket booking into travel
management platforms, ensuring a unified and streamlined experience for both travelers and travel
coordinators.

Real-Time Information: Provide travelers with real-time information on bus schedules, seat
availability, and ticket prices, empowering them to make informed decisions while planning their
journeys.

Efficient Coordination: Enable travel coordinators to efficiently plan and manage bus
transportation as an integral part of the overall travel itinerary, fostering better organization and
coordination.

User-Friendly Interface: Design a user-friendly interface that caters to the diverse needs of
individual travelers and large groups, making the bus ticket booking process intuitive and
accessible.

Expense Tracking: Implement features that allow travel managers to track and analyze bus travel
expenses, facilitating better budget management and financial decision-making.

Enhanced Communication: Foster improved communication between travelers and travel

coordinators through the provision of notifications, updates, and alerts related to bus reservations
and travel plans.

DEPT. OF CSE, SIR MVIT 2023-2024 2

CHAPTER 2 FRONT END AND BACK END

Chapter 2

FRONT END AND BACK END

1. FRONT-END

• HTML
• CSS
• JAVASCRIPT
• BOOTSTRAP4

2. BACK-END

• PHP
• PHPMYADMIN USED FOR MYSQL DATABASE
• XAMPP SERVER

DEPT. OF CSE, SIR MVIT 2023-2024 3

CHAPTER 2 FRONT END AND BACK END

HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language)

FIG 2.1: HTML

2.1 Introduction to HTML

HTML, short for Hypertext Markup Language, is the cornerstone of the web, forming the
fundamental structure that underpins every webpage. It serves as the language that web browsers
use to interpret and display content, allowing developers to create rich, interconnected digital
experiences. HTML achieves this through a series of tags that define the elements of a webpage,
from headings and paragraphs to images and links.

Web development begins with HTML, as it provides the framework upon which content is
organized and presented. Its semantic structure allows developers to signify the importance and
relationships between different sections, aiding accessibility and search engine optimization. By
defining headings, lists, forms, and more, HTML establishes the building blocks that serve as the
canvas for design and interactivity.

DEPT. OF CSE, SIR MVIT 2023-2024 4

CHAPTER 2 FRONT END AND BACK END

2.2 Tags in HTML

Tags in HTML are predefined elements that structure and format content within a webpage. They
define how content should be displayed or function, such as headings, paragraphs, links, images,
and more. Tags are enclosed in angle brackets, with opening and closing tags used to encapsulate
content and apply desired effects.

1. <h1> to <h6> (Headings): These tags define headings of varying levels, where <h1> is
the highest and <h6> is the lowest. They provide structure and hierarchy to content.

2. <p> (Paragraph): This tag creates paragraphs of text, separating content into readable
blocks.

3. <a> (Anchor): Used for creating hyperlinks, the <a> tag enables linking to other
webpages or resources.

4. <img> (Image): The <img> tag embeds images into a webpage, enhancing visual content.

5. <ul> (Unordered List) and <ol> (Ordered List): These tags create bullet-pointed and
numbered lists, respectively.

6. <li> (List Item): Works within <ul> or <ol> to define individual list items.

<div> (Division): A versatile container used for grouping and styling content sections.

HTML Example code and output (Demonstration)

FIG 2.2: HTML CODE AND WEB PAGE

DEPT. OF CSE, SIR MVIT 2023-2024 5

CHAPTER 2 FRONT END AND BACK END

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)

2.3 What is CSS ?

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is a powerful language used in web development to control the
visual appearance of HTML elements. It enables designers and developers to apply styles like
colors, fonts, spacing, and layout to web content, making it visually appealing and enhancing user
experience.

CSS is vital for web development as it decouples the presentation layer from the content layer,
allowing for consistent styling across an entire website. This separation promotes efficient
maintenance and updates, as changes to the visual design can be made without altering the
underlying content. Moreover, CSS facilitates responsive design, enabling websites to adapt
gracefully to various screen sizes and devices. This is achieved through media queries that adjust
styles based on the device's characteristics.

In essence, CSS empowers developers to transform raw HTML into aesthetically pleasing and
user-friendly web interfaces. It fosters creativity and control over design, improves site
performance, and ensures a seamless and consistent visual experience across different platforms
and devices.

FIG 2.3: CSS LOGO

DEPT. OF CSE, SIR MVIT 2023-2024 6

CHAPTER 2 FRONT END AND BACK END

2.4 CSS example

CSS Example source code

2.4 CSS
Exa
Ou

DEPT. OF CSE, SIR MVIT 2023-2024 7

CHAPTER 2 FRONT END AND BACK END

Javascript
2.5 Introduction to Javascript
JavaScript is a dynamic programming language that plays a pivotal role in web development.
Originally developed to enhance the interactivity of webpages, JavaScript has evolved into a
versatile tool for creating interactive user experiences and adding functionality to websites.

Importance of JavaScript in Web Development: JavaScript empowers developers to

create engaging, responsive, and dynamic web applications. It enables real-time updates, form
validation, animations, and interactive features that enhance user engagement. With the rise of
Single Page Applications (SPAs) and modern web frameworks like React, Angular, and Vue.js,
JavaScript's significance has grown even further.

Additionally, JavaScript is essential for asynchronous programming, enabling actions to be

performed without waiting for preceding operations to complete. This is crucial for smooth user
experiences, as data can befetched from servers, content can be updated, and user input can be
processed without causing page reloads or disruptions.

2.6 JavaScript DOM (Document Object Model)

The Document Object Model (DOM) is a programming interface for web documents. It represents
the structure of a webpage as a tree of objects, where each object corresponds to a part of the
document, such as elements, attributes, and text. JavaScript interacts with the DOM to manipulate
and modify the content and behavior of webpages dynamically.

2.5: Javascript

DEPT. OF CSE, SIR MVIT 2023-2024 8

CHAPTER 2 FRONT END AND BACK END

2.7 JavaScript and DBMS

The integration of JavaScript with Database Management Systems (DBMS) is crucial for modern
web development. Utilizing server-side JavaScript frameworks like Node.js ensures a consistent
language throughout the application stack. Through RESTful APIs and asynchronous operations,
developers can seamlessly interact with diverse databases, be they relational (e.g., MySQL,
PostgreSQL) or NoSQL (e.g., MongoDB).

a. Server-Side JavaScript:
Traditionally, JavaScript was limited to client-side execution within web browsers. However, with
the advent of server-side JavaScript frameworks like Node.js, developers can now use JavaScript
for back-end development as well.

b. RESTful APIs:
Representational State Transfer (REST) is a widely adopted architectural style for building web
services. JavaScript can interact with DBMS through RESTful APIs, enabling communication
between the front-end and back-end components of an application. RESTful APIs provide a
standardized way to request and manipulate data in the database, fostering a modular and scalable
architecture.

c. Asynchronous JavaScript and Database Operations:

JavaScript's asynchronous nature is well-suited for handling non-blocking operations, making it
ideal for interacting with databases. Asynchronous frameworks and libraries, such as Promises and
async/await, enhance the efficiency of database operations by allowing developers to write code
that doesn't block the execution thread, improving the overall performance of web applications.

2.6: Javascript Example

DEPT. OF CSE, SIR MVIT 2023-2024 9

CHAPTER 2 FRONT END AND BACK END

Backend Development
2.8 Introduction to Backend Development: Engine of Web Functionality

Backend development powers the hidden machinery of web applications, orchestrating data
processing, server management, and complex functionalities that users rarely see but heavily rely
on. It involves designing, building, and maintaining the server-side logic that supports the
frontend's user interfaces. Backends manage databases, user authentication, APIs, and more,
ensuring smooth interactions between users and the application.

Backend developers wield programming languages like Python, Ruby, PHP, and Node.js to create
the logic that drives the application's core operations. They design APIs that facilitate
communication between frontend and backend, enabling data exchange and functionality. In an era
where user experiences are increasingly dynamic, backend development remains the backbone,
working silently to deliver the seamless and efficient services that underpin our digital world.

2.7 :Frontend and Backend relation

DEPT. OF CSE, SIR MVIT 2023-2024 10

CHAPTER 3 SPECIFICATIONS

Chapter 3

SPECIFICATIONS

3.1 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

1. Web Browser Compatibility:

 The system should be compatible with major web browsers such as Google
Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Safari, and Microsoft Edge.
2. Development Environment:
 The project should be developed using a suitable integrated development
environment (IDE) for web development (e.g., Visual Studio Code, Sublime Text).
3. Backend Frameworks:
 PHP version 7.x or higher should be used for the server-side scripting.
 MySQL version 5.7 or later should be the preferred database management system.
4. Frontend Technologies:
 HTML5 for markup.
 CSS3 for styling.
 JavaScript for client-side interactivity.

Functional Requirements:
1. User Authentication:
 Users should be able to register, log in, and log out.
 Implement user roles (e.g., admin, regular user).
2. Database Schema:
 Define a well-structured database schema to store relevant data.
 Tables for users, data entries, etc., based on the project's specific requirements.
3. CRUD Operations:
 Users should be able to perform CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) operations
on data.
 Implement forms for data entry and editing.
4. Search and Filter:
 Users should be able to search and filter data based on specific criteria.
5. Data Validation:
 Implement validation on the server side to ensure data integrity.

DEPT. OF CSE, SIR MVIT 2023-2024 11

CHAPTER 3 SPECIFICATIONS

Non-Functional Requirements:
1. Performance:
 The system should handle a reasonable amount of concurrent users.
 Optimize database queries and frontend code for performance.
2. Scalability:
 The system should be designed to scale as the user base and data volume grow.
3. Reliability:
 Ensure the system is reliable and available with minimal downtime.
4. Usability:
 The user interface should be intuitive and user-friendly.
5. Accessibility:
 Ensure that the application is accessible to users with disabilities.
6. Data Backup and Recovery:
 Implement regular backups of the database to prevent data loss.
 Develop a recovery plan in case of system failure.

DEPT. OF CSE, SIR MVIT 2023-2024 12

CHAPTER 3 SPECIFICATIONS

3.2 :HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS

The hardware requirements for a DBMS project using HTML, CSS, JS, PHP, and MySQL can
vary depending on factors such as the scale of the project, expected user load, and performance
requirements. Here's a basic set of hardware requirements to get you started:

1. Web Server:

 A dedicated or cloud-based web server is recommended.

 Minimum 2 CPU cores (e.g., dual-core) for handling web server processes.

 4 GB RAM or higher for optimal performance.

2. Database Server:

 A separate server or instance for MySQL database management.

 Minimum 2 CPU cores for handling database operations.

 8 GB RAM or higher for efficient database performance.

 Adequate storage space based on the expected data volume (consider using SSDs
for better performance).

3. Network:

 High-speed internet connection for serving web pages and handling database
queries efficiently.

 Adequate bandwidth to handle concurrent user connections.

4. Load Balancer (Optional):

 If expecting high traffic, consider implementing a load balancer to distribute

incoming requests across multiple web server instances.

5. Backup System:

 Implement a reliable backup solution with sufficient storage capacity to regularly

back up the database and application data.

6. Firewall and Security Measures:

 Use a firewall to protect the server from unauthorized access.

 Implement security best practices for both the web and database servers.

DEPT. OF CSE, SIR MVIT 2023-2024 13

CHAPTER 4 SYSTEM DESIGN

Chapter 4

SYSTEM DESIGN

4.1 Entity Relationship diagram

FIG 4.1 : ER DIAGRAM 0F BUS TICKET BOOKING SYSTEM

DEPT. OF CSE, SIR MVIT 2023-2024 14

CHAPTER 4 SYSTEM DESIGN

Creating a comprehensive ER (Entity-Relationship) diagram description requires more space than

can be accommodated in a single response, but I'll provide a brief summary. A detailed ER
diagram description typically covers entities, relationships, attributes, and cardinalities. Since your
request specifies a limit of 2 pages, I'll focus on key aspects of the ER diagram for the provided
tables.

Entities and Relationships

Admin Entity:
 Represents administrators with attributes AID (primary key), NAME, and PSW.
BusDetails Entity:
 Represents bus details with attributes BUS_ID (primary key), NAME,
FARE, NO_OF_SEATS, TYPE, Time, BFROM, BTO, BNO, and BNAME.
BookingDetails Entity:
 Represents booking details with attributes BUS_ID (primary key), BFROM, BTO,
VACANT, and JDATE.
Ticket Entity:
 Represents tickets with attributes TID (primary key), SEAT_NO, U_ID, PNAME,
NO_SEAT, B_ID, J_DATE, TICKET_STATUS, and BOOKING_DATE.
UserInfo Entity:
 Represents user information with attributes AGE (primary key), UID,
UName, AADHARNO (unique), PSW, Email, and Name.
Relationships:
 "Admin" (AID) is related to "BusDetails" (NAME) with a one-to-many relationship,
indicating that an administrator can manage multiple bus details.
 "Ticket" (TID) is related to "BusDetails" (BUS_ID) with a one-to-many relationship,
indicating that a ticket can be associated with a specific bus.
 "Ticket" (SEAT_NO) is related to "UserInfo" (U_ID) with a one-to-one relationship,
indicating that a seat is associated with a user.
 "BookingDetails" (BUS ID) is related to "BusDetails" (BUS ID) with a one-to-one
relationship, indicating a specific bus for booking.

DEPT. OF CSE, SIR MVIT 2023-2024 15

CHAPTER 4 SYSTEM DESIGN

Additional Details and Cardinalities

 Attributes and Data Types:

 Mention the data types and constraints of each attribute (e.g., VARCHAR, INT,
DATETIME).
 Cardinalities:
 Specify the cardinalities of relationships (one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-many).
 Key Constraints:
 Highlight primary and foreign key constraints.
 ER Diagram Notation:
 Briefly describe the notation used in the ER diagram (e.g., crow's foot notation for
cardinalities).
 Entities and Relationships Overview:
 Provide a concise summary of each entity's role and its relationships.

Remember to include visual representations of the entities, attributes, and relationships in the ER
diagram. This summary provides a starting point for a more detailed description tailored to your
specific ER diagram.

DEPT. OF CSE, SIR MVIT 2023-2024 16

CHAPTER 4 SYSTEM DESIGN

4.2 UML diagram

FIG 4.2 : UML DIAGRAM OF BUS TICKET BOOKING

SYSTEM

DEPT. OF CSE, SIR MVIT 2023-2024 17

CHAPTER 4 SYSTEM DESIGN

DESCRIPTION OF UML DIAGRAM

Creating a Unified Modeling Language (UML) diagram for your scenario involves representing
classes, attributes, relationships, and cardinalities. I'll describe a simplified version of a UML
Class Diagram for the given tables:

Class Diagram:

1. Admin Class:
 Attributes: AID (String), NAME (String), PSW (String)
2. BusDetails Class:
 Attributes: BUS_ID (String), NAME (String), FARE (int), NO_OF_SEATS (int),
TYPE (String), Time (Time), BFROM (String), BTO (String), BNO (String),
BNAME (String)
3. BookingDetails Class:
 Attributes: BUS_ID (String), BFROM (String), BTO (String), VACANT (String),
JDATE (Time)
4. Ticket Class:
 Attributes: TID (String), SEAT_NO (int), U_ID (String), PNAME (String),
NO_SEAT (String), B_ID (String), J_DATE (DateTime), TICKET_STATUS
(boolean), BOOKING_DATE (DateTime)
5. UserInfo Class:
 Attributes: AGE (int), UID (String), UName (String), AADHARNO (String), PSW
(String), Email (String), Name (String)

Relationships:
1. Admin to BusDetails (Association):
 One Admin can manage multiple BusDetails (1 to *)
2. Ticket to BusDetails (Association):
 One Ticket is associated with one BusDetails (1 to 1)
3. Ticket to UserInfo (Association):
 One Ticket is associated with one UserInfo (1 to 1)
4. BookingDetails to BusDetails (Association):
 One BookingDetails is associated with one BusDetails (1 to 1)

DEPT. OF CSE, SIR MVIT 2023-2024 18

CHAPTER 4 SYSTEM DESIGN

Additional Information:

 Multiplicity:
 Multiplicity indicates the number of instances of one class related to the number of
instances of another class.
 (*): Zero or more instances, (1): Exactly one instance.
 Attributes and Data Types:
 Include attribute names and data types in each class.
 Navigability:
 Represent the direction of the association (if applicable).
 Aggregation/Composition:
 Consider whether there are parts or components within a whole (indicate using a
diamond shape).

This simplified UML Class Diagram captures the basic structure and relationships between the
classes. Remember that you can further refine it based on your specific requirements, adding more
details, such as methods, visibility, and additional constraints if necessary.

DEPT. OF CSE, SIR MVIT 2023-2024 19

CHAPTER 5 CONCEPTUAL DESIGN
Chapter 5

CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

5.1 Create commands

1. Admin Table:
 Admin table stores information about administrators.
 Columns: AID (Primary Key), NAME, PSW.
 AID is the primary key, ensuring each administrator has a unique identifier.
2. BusDetails Table:
 BusDetails table holds details about buses, including schedules and routes.
 Columns: BUS_ID (Primary Key), NAME, FARE, NO_OF_SEATS, TYPE, Time,
BFROM, BTO, BNO, BNAME.
 BUS_ID serves as the primary key, uniquely identifying each bus.
3. BookingDetails Table:
 BookingDetails table stores details about bookings for buses.
 Columns: BUS_ID (Primary Key, Foreign Key), BFROM, BTO, VACANT, JDATE.
 The FOREIGN KEY constraint references the BUS_ID in BusDetails, establishing
a relationship.
4. Ticket Table:
 Ticket table contains information about booked tickets.
 Columns: TID (Primary Key), SEAT_NO, U_ID (Foreign Key), PNAME,
NO_SEAT, B_ID (Foreign Key), J_DATE, TICKET_STATUS,
BOOKING_DATE.
 FOREIGN KEY constraints link B_ID to BusDetails(BUS_ID) and U_ID to
UserInfo(UID).
5. UserInfo Table:
 UserInfo table stores user information for those booking tickets.
 Columns: AGE (Primary Key), UID, UName, AADHARNO (Unique), PSW,
Email, Name.
 AADHARNO is unique, ensuring uniqueness among users.

DEPT. OF CSE, SIR MVIT 2023-2024 20

CHAPTER 5 CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

CREATE TABLE Admin (

AID VARCHAR(50) PRIMARY
KEY, NAME VARCHAR(50),
PSW VARCHAR(50)
);

CREATE TABLE BusDetails (

BUS_ID VARCHAR(50) PRIMARY
KEY, NAME VARCHAR(50),
FARE INT,
NO_OF_SEATS INT,
TYPE VARCHAR(50),
Time TIME(6),
BFROM
VARCHAR(50), BTO
VARCHAR(50), BNO
VARCHAR(50),
BNAME VARCHAR(50)
);

CREATE TABLE BookingDetails (

BUS_ID VARCHAR(50) PRIMARY
KEY, BFROM VARCHAR(50),
BTO VARCHAR(50),
VACANT
VARCHAR(50), JDATE
TIME(6),
FOREIGN KEY (BUS_ID) REFERENCES
BusDetails(BUS_ID)
);

CREATE TABLE Ticket (

TID VARCHAR(50) PRIMARY
KEY, SEAT_NO INT,
U_ID VARCHAR(50),
PNAME VARCHAR(100),
NO_SEAT VARCHAR(20),
B_ID VARCHAR(20),
J_DATE DATETIME(6),
TICKET_STATUS BIT,
BOOKING_DATE DATETIME(6),
FOREIGN KEY (B_ID) REFERENCES BusDetails(BUS_ID),
FOREIGN KEY (U_ID) REFERENCES UserInfo(UID)
);

DEPT. OF CSE, SIR MVIT 2023-2024 21

CHAPTER 5 CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

CREATE TABLE UserInfo (

AGE INT PRIMARY
KEY, UID
VARCHAR(50), UName
VARCHAR(50),
AADHARNO VARCHAR(20)
UNIQUE, PSW VARCHAR(20),
Email VARCHAR(100),
Name VARCHAR(50)
);

DEPT. OF CSE, SIR MVIT 2023-2024 22

CHAPTER 5 CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

5.2 Insert Commands and Data

DEPT. OF CSE, SIR MVIT 2023-2024 23

CHAPTER 5 CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

5.3 SQL Queries

DEPT. OF CSE, SIR MVIT 2023-2024 24

CHAPTER 6 FRONT END DESIGN,CONNECTIVITY AND IMPLEMENTATION

CHAPTER 6

FRONT END DESIGN,CONNECTIVITY AND IMPLEMENTATION

4.1 Data Acquisition

DEPT. OF CSE, SIR MVIT 2023-2024 25

CHAPTER 6 FRONT END DESIGN,CONNECTIVITY AND IMPLEMENTATION

4.3 Data Pre-processing

DEPT. OF CSE, SIR MVIT 2023-2024 26

CHAPTER 6 FRONT END DESIGN,CONNECTIVITY AND IMPLEMENTATION

4.4 Data Segmentation

DEPT. OF CSE, SIR MVIT 2023-2024 27

CHAPTER 6 FRONT END DESIGN,CONNECTIVITY AND IMPLEMENTATION

4.5 Data Clustering

DEPT. OF CSE, SIR MVIT 2023-2024 28

CHAPTER 6 FRONT END DESIGN,CONNECTIVITY AND IMPLEMENTATION

4.5 Feature Extraction

DEPT. OF CSE, SIR MVIT 2023-2024 29

CHAPTER 7 SOURCE CODE-FRONT END

CHAPTER 7
Source Code- Front end

DEPT. OF CSE, SIR MVIT 2023-2024 30

CHAPTER 8 RESULTS, DISCUSSIONS AND SCREENSHOTS

CHAPTER 8

RESULTS, DISCUSSIONS AND SCREENSHOTS

DEPT. OF CSE, SIR MVIT 2023-2024 31

CHAPTER 9 CONCLUSION AND SCOPE

CHAPTER 9
CONCLUSION AND SCOPE

DEPT. OF CSE, SIR MVIT 2023-2024 32

CHAPTER 10 REFERENCES AND WEBLINKS

CHAPTER 10
REFERENCES AND WEBLINKS

DEPT. OF CSE, SIR MVIT 2023-2024 33