1. A shopkeeper sells LED bulbs from 3 different manufacturers M1, M2 and M3.

He gets
50% of supply from M1 and 30% from M2 and 20% from M3. The probabilities of
defective bulbs from 3 sources are 0.1, 0.2 and 0.25 respectively. Determine the
probability that a chosen bulb is defective.

2. Suppose that our experiment E consists of placing 2 (different color) balls into 3 different
boxes randomly. Define an event B that both balls are in the same box. What is the
probability that B occurs? [Hint: Find P(B)]

3. The life time of a IC is assumed to follow normal with mean 200 hours and standard
deviation 8. Find the probability that a particular IC from the same company will survive
for more than 220 hours.

Choose your Φ(𝑧) from the following:

−θ𝑥
4. X is a random variable with probability density function 𝑓(𝑥) = θ𝑒 , θ > 0, 𝑥 > 0.
Find E(X) and Var (X) using suitable formula. Also find 𝑃(𝑥 > 1).

5. A harried passenger arrives at N. S. C Bose airport boarding gate for a flight to New Delhi
of 10.00AM. For many flights the extended boarding time is allowed sometimes for 30
mins after the scheduled departure time during COVID-19 pandemic. Assuming the
extended boarding time is uniformly distributed over that 30 mins time. That is, the
extended boarding time density function (uniform) is given by
1
𝑓(𝑥) = (10.30−10.00) , 10. 00𝐴𝑀 < 𝑥 < 10. 30𝐴𝑀

What is the probability that, if the passenger arrives at 10.10AM, then he will not miss the
flight?

6. If a city has 3 accidents per day, how many accident-free days do you expect for the city in
2006?

7. Calculate E(2X2-3X) for the random variable whose density function is given as

8. Suppose X is a standard normal random variable, that is, 𝑋~𝑁(0, 1), then find the value of
𝑃(− 3 < 𝑋 < 3).

9. The number of emails that arrive in one-hour interval in a computer server in an university
is a Poisson random variable X. It has been observed that P(X = 0) = 0:00012. Find the
probability that 𝑃(𝑋≥2).

10. Find the mathematical expectation for X where X is a negative binomial random
variable.
11. If the random variable X has a probability distribution function given by

then, what is the mean and variance of this distribution.

12. A Router in a network transmits millions of packets that arrive through various
incoming lines of the Router. If no outgoing lines of the Router are free, packets have to
wait in the main memory of the Router. Router transmits each packet from fetching it from
the memory one by one. The waiting time (in nanosecond) of various packets in the
Router on a given day has been recorded over few months. About 15% of the time it has
been exceeded 30 nanoseconds and about 5% of the time it has been less than 20
nanoseconds. If this waiting time is modeled as a normally distributed random variable,
what is the mean and variance of the waiting time for transmission of packets in the
Router?

13. Suppose that a particular trait (i.e. left handedness, eye colour) of a person is classified on
the basis of one pair of genes, and suppose 𝑑 represents a dominant and 𝑟 a recessive gene.
Thus, a person with 𝑑𝑑 genes is pure dominance, one with 𝑟𝑟 is pure recessive, and one with
𝑟𝑑 is hybrid. The pure dominance and hybrid are alike in appearance. Children receive 1
gene from each parent. If, with respect to a particular trait, 2 hybrid parents have a total of 4
children, what is the probability that 3 out of 4 children have the outward appearance as the
dominant one.
14. If the average number of claims handled daily by an insurance company is 5, what is the
probability to have less that 2 claims per day? What is the probability that there will be 3
claims in exactly 4 of the next 5 days? Assume that the number of claims on different days
are independent.

15. There are two local factories that produce microwaves. Each microwave produced at
factory 𝐴 is defective with probability 0. 06, whereas each one produced at factory 𝐵 is
defective with probability 0. 04. Suppose you purchase two microwaves that were produced
at the same factory, which is equally likely to have been either factory 𝐴 or factory 𝐵. If the
first microwave that you check is defective, what is the conditional probability that the other
one is also defective?

16. A laboratory blood test is 99 percent effective in detecting a certain disease when it is, in
fact, present. However, the test also yields a “false positive” result for 1 percent of the
healthy persons tested. (That is, if a healthy person is tested, then, with probability 0. 01, the
test result will imply he or she has the disease.) If 0. 5 percent of the population actually has
the disease, what is the probability a person has the disease given that his test result is
positive?

17. The lifetime in hours of electronic tubes is a random variable having a probability density
2 −𝑎𝑥
function given by 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎 𝑥𝑐 ; 𝑥≥0. Compute the expected lifetime of such tube.
18. A box contains 20 balls, of which 10 𝑟𝑒𝑑 and 10 𝑏𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑘. We draw 10 balls from the box,
and we are interested in the event that exactly 5 𝑟𝑒𝑑 and 5 𝑏𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑘. Do you think that this is
more likely to occur if the draws are made with or without replacement?(Hint: sampling
problem)
2
19. Suppose a random variable 𝑋 that is equal to 1, 2 or 3. if we know that 𝑝(1) = 3
,
1
𝑝(3) = 6
, then find the 𝑐. 𝑑. 𝑓. of 𝑋.

20. An oil company conducts a geological study that indicates an exploratory (to discover) oil
well should have a 20% chance of striking oil. What is the probability that the first strike
comes on the fourth well drilled? What is the average number of wells to be drilled to set up a
producing well? (Hint: Geometric rv)