Java Package
Java Package
Package in java can be categorized in two form, built-in package and user-defined package.
There are many built-in packages such as java, lang, awt, javax, swing, net, io, util, sql etc.
Here, we will have the detailed learning of creating and using user-defined packages
1) Java package is used to categorize the classes and interfaces so that they can be easily
maintained.
javac -d . Simple.java
The -d switch specifies the destination where to put the generated class file. You can use any directory
name like /home (in case of Linux), d:/abc (in case of windows) etc. If you want to keep the package
within the same directory, you can use . (dot).
You need to use fully qualified name e.g. mypack.Simple etc to run the class
Output:Welcome to package
The -d is a switch that tells the compiler where to put the class file i.e. it represents destination. The .
represents the current folder.
1. import package.*;
2. import package.classname;
3. fully qualified name.
1) Using packagename.*
If you use package.* then all the classes and interfaces of this package will be accessible but not
subpackages.
The import keyword is used to make the classes and interface of another package accessible to
the current package.
(1)
package pack;
public class A
{
public void msg()
{
System.out.println("Hello");
}
}
(2)
package mypack;
import pack.*;
class B
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
A obj = new A();
obj.msg();
}
}
Output:Hello
2) Using packagename.classname
If you import package.classname then only declared class of this package will be accessible.
package pack;
public class A
{
public void msg()
{
System.out.println("Hello");
}
}
(2)//save by B.java
package mypack;
import pack.A;
class B
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
A obj = new A();
obj.msg();
}
Out put:-Hello
It is generally used when two packages have same class name e.g. java.util and java.sql packages
contain Date class.
Subpackage in java
package com.javapack.core;
class Simple
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
System.out.println("Hello subpackage");
}
}
//save as Simple.java
package mypack;
public class Simple
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
System.out.println("Welcome to package");
}
}
To Compile:
To run this program from e:\source directory, you can use -classpath switch of java that tells
where to look for class file. For example:
Output:Welcome to package