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    Rpho 2023 T3-Eng

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    Rpho 2023 T3-Eng

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    Rpho 2023 t3-Eng

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    Rpho 2023 T3-Eng

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    of 1

    Romanian Master of Physics 2023

    Problem 3: Diffraction
    Determine the ratio between the intensities of the central maxima in the
    a. diffraction patterns for two slits of width a and b respectively if they are 1 point
    illuminated with the same beam of coherent monochromatic light.
    Consider a diffraction grating made up of a sequence of identical equidistant slits.
    What relationship exists between the intensities of the main maxima of the 1st
    order obtained with the help of two complementary diffraction gratings (both
    having the same constant l, the distance between the center of one slit and the
    b. 1 point
    center of the adjacent slit), and slit widths a and respectively l-a)? It is considered
    that the diffraction gratings are illuminated with the same beam of coherent
    monochromatic light.

    Prove that in the case of a diffraction grating made up of a sequence of identical


    and equidistant slits, the intensity of the diffracted light, Idif, is not more than a
    quarter of the intensity of the light incident on the grating. What is the condition 2.5
    c.
    for Idif =Iinc/4, such that the brightness of the grating is maximized? (where Idif is points
    the intensity of the diffracted light in all maxima, except the maximum of order
    zero).
    The gratings with a better brightness, i.e. Idif > Iinc/4, are the blazed (reflection) gratings, in which
    the plane of the individual grooves makes an angle α with the grating plane P1P2. (see figure).

    P2 α P1
    Determine this angle for a grating with 𝑛 = 2000 grooves/mm which forms the
    d. 1st order maximum in the direction of the incident beam for the wavelength 1 point
    𝜆0 = 500 nm and this maximum is the brightest from the diffraction pattern.
    The grating from (d) is used in a monochromator in which the diffraction spectrum is projected
    onto the exit slit with a concave mirror having the radius of curvature 𝑅 = 1 m.
    Determine the spectral width 𝛥𝜆 and the coherence length of the beam that
    comes out of the monochromator if it is illuminated with white light, the slit has 3
    e.
    the width 𝑑 = 20 μm, and the central wavelength is 𝜆0 = 500 nm. Calculate their points
    numerical values.

    What is the minimum spectral range between two monochromatic radiations


    that can still be resolved using the grating from (d). The grating is 10 cm long 1.5
    f.
    and the spectrum is projected with the mirror from point (e). onto a CCD points
    detector having 200 pixels/mm.

    Note. The normal incidence on the slits and gratings is considered only for a., b., c. Diffraction in parallel
    light is considered.
    Problem proposed by
    Dr. Marian Băzăvan, Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, Romania

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