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The document explores various libraries for data visualization in Python and R, including Matplotlib, Seaborn, Plotly, Bokeh, ggplot, Altair, and Plotnine for Python as well as ggplot2, plotly, and other libraries for R. It provides code examples and brief descriptions of each library's functionality and suitability for different types of plots and interactive visualizations.

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20 views4 pages

Dav Exp8 56

The document explores various libraries for data visualization in Python and R, including Matplotlib, Seaborn, Plotly, Bokeh, ggplot, Altair, and Plotnine for Python as well as ggplot2, plotly, and other libraries for R. It provides code examples and brief descriptions of each library's functionality and suitability for different types of plots and interactive visualizations.

Uploaded by

godizlatan
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Experiment 8

Aim: To explore different libraries for visualisation in Python and R.


Libraries:
Python

1. Matplotlib:
Description: Matplotlib is a comprehensive library for creating static, animated, and interactive
visualizations in Python. It provides a MATLAB-like interface for creating a wide range of plots.

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# Simple line plot

plt.plot([1, 2, 3, 4], [1, 4, 9, 16])

plt.xlabel('X-axis')

plt.ylabel('Y-axis')

plt.title('Simple Plot')

plt.show()

2. Seaborn:
Description: Seaborn is built on top of Matplotlib and provides a high-level interface for creating
attractive statistical graphics. It simplifies the process of visualizing complex relationships in data.

import seaborn as sns

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# Scatter plot with regression line

sns.regplot(x=[1, 2, 3, 4], y=[1, 4, 9, 16])

plt.xlabel('X-axis')

plt.ylabel('Y-axis')

plt.title('Scatter Plot with Regression Line')

plt.show()

3. Plotly:
Description: Plotly is a versatile library for creating interactive and publication-quality plots. It
supports a wide range of chart types and can be used to build interactive dashboards.

import plotly.graph_objects as go
# Scatter plot
fig = go.Figure(data=go.Scatter(x=[1, 2, 3, 4], y=[1, 4, 9, 16]))

fig.update_layout(title='Scatter Plot', xaxis_title='X-axis',


yaxis_title='Y-axis')

fig.show()

4. Bokeh:
Description: Bokeh is designed for creating interactive, web-ready plots. It provides tools for building
interactive apps and dashboards with complex visualizations.

from bokeh.plotting import figure, show

# Line plot

p = figure(title='Line Plot', x_axis_label='X-axis',


y_axis_label='Y-axis')

p.line(x=[1, 2, 3, 4], y=[1, 4, 9, 16])

show(p)

5. ggplot (ggpy):
Description: ggplot is a Python implementation of the popular ggplot2 library in R. It follows the
Grammar of Graphics principles, making it easy to create complex visualizations.

from ggplot import ggplot, aes, geom_point

# Scatter plot

p = ggplot(aes(x='x', y='y'), data={'x': [1, 2, 3, 4], 'y': [1, 4,


9, 16]}) + geom_point()

print(p)

6. Altair:
Description: Altair is a declarative statistical visualization library based on the Vega and Vega-Lite
visualization grammars. It allows for concise and expressive visualization code.

import altair as alt

import pandas as pd

# Scatter plot

df = pd.DataFrame({'x': [1, 2, 3, 4], 'y': [1, 4, 9, 16]})


chart = alt.Chart(df).mark_point().encode(x='x', y='y')

chart.show()

7. Plotnine:
Description: Plotnine is another Python implementation of ggplot2, focusing on creating grammar of
graphics-style plots. It provides a high-level API for creating complex visualizations.

from plotnine import ggplot, aes, geom_point

# Scatter plot

p = ggplot(aes(x='x', y='y'), data=pd.DataFrame({'x': [1, 2, 3, 4],


'y': [1, 4, 9, 16]})) + geom_point()

print(p)

8. Pygal:
Description: Pygal is a Python library for creating SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics) plots. It's simple
to use and produces attractive vector-based graphics suitable for web applications.

import pygal

# Line plot

line_chart = pygal.Line()

line_chart.add('Line', [1, 4, 9, 16])

line_chart.render_in_browser()
R

1. ggplot2 (Most Popular):


This is arguably the most widely used R visualization library due to its grammar-based approach and
ease of customization.

# Sample data

data <- data.frame(x = c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5), y = c(3, 5, 7, 2, 4))

# Basic scatter plot

ggplot(data, aes(x = x, y = y)) +

geom_point() +

labs(title = "Scatter Plot", x = "X-axis", y = “Y-axis")


2. ggplot2 (More Plots):
ggplots strength lies in its versatility. You can use the same basic structure to create various plots by
changing the geom type.
Line Plot:

ggplot(data, aes(x = x, y = y)) +

geom_line()

Histogram:

ggplot(data, aes(x = y)) +

geom_histogram()
Bar Chart:

ggplot(data, aes(x = x, y = y)) +

geom_bar(stat = “identity")

3. plotly (Interactive Plots):


Plotly allows you to create interactive visualizations that can be embedded in web pages or
dashboards.

# Sample data (time series)

data <- data.frame(date = seq(as.Date("2023-01-01"), by = "days",


length = 10),

value = rnorm(10, mean = 50, sd = 10))

# Interactive line plot

plot_ly(data, x = ~date, y = ~value, type = 'scatter') %>%

layout(title = "Line Plot”)

4. Other Libraries
Lattice: Offers high-level trellis graphics for visualizing complex data relationships.
highcharter: Creates interactive charts based on the popular Highcharts library.
Leaflet: Useful for creating interactive maps.

Conclusion: Thus, we have explored different visualisation libraries in Python and R.

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