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Math AA HL Optimization HL Questions

The document discusses optimization problems involving volumes of cones inscribed in spheres, angles of balls kicked towards goals, areas of triangles with given side lengths, and costs of laying pipes between two cities separated by a river. It provides multiple parts asking to find maximums/minimums, derivatives, and optimal values through calculus techniques.

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766 views10 pages

Math AA HL Optimization HL Questions

The document discusses optimization problems involving volumes of cones inscribed in spheres, angles of balls kicked towards goals, areas of triangles with given side lengths, and costs of laying pipes between two cities separated by a river. It provides multiple parts asking to find maximums/minimums, derivatives, and optimal values through calculus techniques.

Uploaded by

sargkisian
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Optimization HL questions [65

marks]
A right circular cone of radius r is inscribed in a sphere with centre O and radius
R as shown in the following diagram. The perpendicular height of the cone is h, X
denotes the centre of its base and B a point where the cone touches the sphere.

1a. Show that the volume of the cone may be expressed by [4 marks]
V = π3 (2Rh2 − h3 ).
1b. Given that there is one inscribed cone having a maximum volume, show [4 marks]
32πR 3
that the volume of this cone is 81 .
Points A , B and T lie on a line on an indoor soccer field. The goal, [AB] , is 2
metres wide. A player situated at point P kicks a ball at the goal. [PT] is
perpendicular to (AB) and is 6 metres from a parallel line through the centre of
[AB] . Let PT be x metros and let α = AP ^ B measured in degrees. Assume that the
ball travels along the floor.

2a. Find the value of α when x = 10. [4 marks]

2
2b. Show that tan α 2x [4 marks]
= x2+35
.

tan
The maximum for tan α gives the maximum for α.

2c. (i) Find dd (tan α). [11 marks]


x

(ii) Hence or otherwise find the value of α such that dd (tan α) = 0.


x
d2
(iii) Find
d x2
(tan α) and hence show that the value of α never exceeds 10°.

⩾ 7∘
2d. Find the set of values of x for which α ⩾ 7∘ . [3 marks]

In triangle ABC, BC = √3cm , AB ^ =


^ C = θ and BCA π
.
3

3a. Show that length AB 3 [4 marks]


= .
√3 cos θ +sin θ

3b. Given that AB has a minimum value, determine the value of θ for which [4 marks]
this occurs.

^ ∘
^R
Consider the triangle PQR where Q P = 30∘ , PQ = (x + 2)cm and
PR = (5 − x)2 cm , where −2 < x < 5.

4a. Show that the area, Acm2 , of the triangle is given by [2 marks]
A = 14 (x3 − 8x2 + 5x + 50).

4b. (i) State ddA . [3 marks]


x

(ii) Verify that ddA


x
= 0 when x = 13 .

2
4c. (i) d 2A 1 [7 marks]
Find
d x2
and hence justify that x= 3
gives the maximum area of
triangle P QR.
(ii) State the maximum area of triangle P QR.
(iii) Find QR when the area of triangle P QR is a maximum.
5. Engineers need to lay pipes to connect two cities A and B that are [15 marks]
separated by a river of width 450 metres as shown in the following
diagram. They plan to lay the pipes under the river from A to X and then under the
ground from X to B. The cost of laying the pipes under the river is five times the
cost of laying the pipes under the ground.
Let EX = x.

Let k be the cost, in dollars per metre, of laying the pipes under the ground.
(a) Show that the total cost C, in dollars, of laying the pipes from A to B is given
by C = 5k√202 500 + x2 + (1000 − x)k.

(b) (i) Find dC


d
.
x
(ii) Hence find the value of x for which the total cost is a minimum,
justifying that this value is a minimum.
(c) Find the minimum total cost in terms of k.
^B
The angle at which the pipes are joined is AX = θ.
(d) Findθ for the value of x calculated in (b).
For safety reasons θ must be at least 120°.
Given this new requirement,
(e) (i) find the new value of x which minimises the total cost;
(ii) find the percentage increase in the minimum total cost.

© International Baccalaureate Organization 2020


International Baccalaureate® - Baccalauréat International® - Bachillerato Internacional®

Printed for ACS Athens

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