Unit V

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Unit - V

Specific Counselling Skills


Counselling Skills
Meaning
Counselling Skills
Basics of Counselling Skills

• It can be really helpful to talk to someone you know and trust

• You may feel more comfortable

• Confiding in someone who’s removed from your personal situation


and is therefore more objective

• Having a set time and space to talk may help you to work through
the issues concerning you
Counselling Skills
Importance of Counselling Skills

Counselling skills to help them better understand & listen to


clients.

Through active listening, rapport is built, trust forms & the


speaker feels heard understood by the counsellor or listener.
Counselling Skills
Understanding the internal frame of reference

• Frame of reference was first used by Carl Rogers

• He believe that, the state of empathy, or being empathetic, is to


perceive the internal frame of reference of another with
accuracy and with the emotional components and meanings
which pertain thereto as if one were the person.
Counselling Skills
Understanding the internal frame of reference
• By listening carefully to what the client is saying and trying to see
their perceptual world, as they see it. This can be achieved by
doing the following things:
• Be aware that everybody has a unique view of their world and how it
impacts them.
• Don't impose your views or judgments (this may shut the client down).
• Use questions only to clarity your understanding.
• Be patient. Clients may need to build up trust before sharing intimate
details of their life.
• Be genuine and real in the relationship. Don't hide behind a professional
façade.
• Be warm and accepting toward your client.
Counselling Skills
Showing Attention and Interest
• Eye contact

• Body Language

• Gestures

• Facial expressions

• How you speak


Counselling Skills
Paraphrasing and Reflecting Feelings

• Paraphrasing occurs when the counsellor states what the client


has just said, using fewer words but without changing the
meaning of what the client said. When utilizing this skill, you
attempt to feedback the essence of what the person has just
said.
Counselling Skills
Paraphrasing and Reflecting Feelings

• Reflection in counselling is like holding up a mirror: repeating


the clients words back to them exactly as they said them.

• When we use the skill of reflection, we are looking to match the


tone, the feeling of the words and the clients facial expression
or body language as they spoke.
Counselling Skills
Starting & Structuring

• Structuring is the means by which the counselor and client together


define the guidelines that govern the counseling process, possibly
involving such activities as
• informing,
• proposing,
• suggesting,
• recommending,
• negotiating,
• stipulating,
• contracting,
• compromising
Counselling Skills
Asking Questions
• Questioning Effective questioning helps to guide
the counselling conversation and may assist in enriching the client's
story.

• Questioning is useful in the information gathering stage of the


interview.

• It can however be an important skill to use throughout the entire


process.

• “What would you like to talk about today?”


Counselling Skills
Monitoring

• Self-monitoring is a cognitive-behavioral counseling strategy in


which clients keep records of their progress toward achieving
treatment goals over the duration of the counseling intervention
process, including when not engaged in counseling sessions

(Cormier, Nurius, & Osborn, 2013).


Counselling Skills
Offering Challenges & Feedback

• Generally speaking the term confrontation


means challenging another person over a discrepancy or
disagreement.

• However, confrontation as a counselling skill is an attempt by


the counsellor to gently bring about awareness in the client of
something that they may have overlooked or avoided.
Counselling Skills
Offering Challenges & Feedback

• It's no secret that feedback is an important component of


effective learning.

• Feedback improves learner confidence, motivation to learn and


ultimately, a learner's attainment. It's also what your people
want - 65% of employees say they want more feedback.
Counselling Skills
Improving Client’s Self-Talk
• Identify negative self-talk traps. Certain scenarios may increase your self-
doubt and lead to more negative self-talk. ...

• Check in with your feelings. Stop during events or bad days and
evaluate your self-talk. ...

• Find the humor. ...

• Surround yourself with positive people. ...

• Give yourself positive affirmations.


Counselling Skills
Improving Clients Perception

• If counselors are able to suspend their own perceptions and


experiences in order to truly understand the client's life from
[the client's] own perspective, the counselor will find it easier
to identify resources and opportunities.”
Counselling Skills
Training Clients in Relaxation

• Relaxation skills are excellent tools for the treatment


of stress, anxiety, and anger. ... Over time, therapists develop
their own scripts, tips, and tricks for teaching relaxation
skills more effectively.
Counselling Skills
Qualities of a Good Counsellor

Professional Qualities

• He knows the demands & responsibilities of the counselling profession.


• He knows the aims & objectives of counselling
• He is aware of the steps & techniques involved in the counselling
process
• He has the best interest of the counselee in mind & receives the trust of
the counselee
• He is confident & well versed in the methods & approaches of
counselling
Counselling Skills
Qualities of a Good Counsellor

Personal Qualities

• The counsellor respects the clients individuality & dignity.


• He knows the psychology of each client, how they think and behave
• He is kind & sympathetic to clients problems & anxieties.
• He is gentle, especially when sorting out corrective measures.
• He is dignified & manners, speech & appearance
• He is in control of his emotions especially of anger, impatience &
frustrations
• He is able to use humour & laughter in counselling, laugh with clients,
not laugh at them or them at him.
Counselling Skills
Qualities of a Good Counsellor

Communication Skills

• Effective counsellors should have excellent communication skills.

• Counsellors need to have a natural ability to listen and be clearly explain


their ideas and thoughts to others
Counselling Skills
Qualities of a Good Counsellor

Acceptance

• The ability to relate to clients with an open, non-judgmental attitude

• Accepting the client for who she is & in her current situation

• Counsellors need to be able to convey acceptance to their clients with


warmth & understanding.
Counselling Skills
Qualities of a Good Counsellor

Empathy

• Counsellors must be able to display empathy, the ability to feel what


another person is feeling

• Empathy means that you are truly able to imagine what it’s like to stand
in someone else’s shoes.

• Compassion & empathy help your clients feel understood & heard.
Counselling Skills
Qualities of a Good Counsellor

Problem Solving

• It’s not up to a counsellor to solve her clients problems no matter how


much she might want to help

• Counsellors must have excellent problem-solving skills to be able to help


their clients identify & make changes to negative thought patterns &
other harmful behaviours.
Counselling Skills
Qualities of a Good Counsellor

Rapport-Building Skills

• Counsellors must possess a strong set of IPR skills to help establish


rapport with clients & develop strong relationships

• Counsellors need to be able to place all of their focus on what their


clients are saying & avoid being distracted by their own personal
problems or concerns when they are in a session
Counselling Skills
Qualities of a Good Counsellor

Flexibility

• Flexibility in counselling is defined as the ability to adapt & change the


way you respond to meet your clients needs.

• You don’t stay rigid & stick to a predetermined treatment path when your
clients require a different approach.

• Being flexible is one of the most important attributes of a professional


counsellor.
Counselling Skills
Qualities of a Good Counsellor

Self-Awareness

• Self awareness is the ability to look within & identify your own unmet
psychological needs & desires.

• Such as a need for intimacy or the desire to be professionally competent

• This ability prevents your issues from affecting or conflicting with those
of your clients.
• Self-awareness has a major impact on a counsellor’s effectiveness.
Counselling Skills
Qualities of a Good Counsellor

Multicultural Competency

• Counsellors help ppl from all walks of life

• Multicultural competency means that you try to relate to & understand


your clients regardless of their race, ethnicity, religious or political beliefs
or socioeconomic background.
Counselling Skills
Qualities of a Good Counsellor
Human Skills

• Counselling effectiveness is measured by outcomes, so skills are required that


facilitate clients improve their lives through changes in their thought processes
& behaviour.

• A skilled counsellor can identify negative thinking patterns & enable the clients
to replace them with positive ones.
• The process involves goal setting & creating appropriate action plans with the
client

• The counsellor needs to be able to challenge, reassure & motivate the client,
especially when the client is resistant or finds it difficult to face painful
memories.
• By using the voice to relax the client, the counsellor enables him to face
challenges more effectively.
Counselling Skills
Qualities of a Good Counsellor
Practice Management Skills

• Whether running her own practice or simply managing her workload as an employee,
the counsellor needs to possess a number of organizational skills including prioritizing
& timekeeping

• Failure to be organized can result in the counsellor herself appearing unprofessional


& potentially have catastrophic outcomes for the clients & the practice.

• Good record-keeping is particularly important, because all records must be treated


confidentially & the counsellor will be responsible for effective note-taking during the
session
• Conducting the session in a professional manner involves a number of skills, including
the ability to adhere to a timescale & avoiding disclosing personal information.
• It is essential the counsellor learns to control her own emotional involvement during
difficulty sessions, which may raise personal issues of her own.
Thank You

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