Hipohoiebatkananghihipo

Link :
https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/pamantasan-ng-lungsod-ng-san-pablo/methods-of-research/
group-3-final-thesis-coconut-shell-into-charcoal-briquettes/75747250
Original text :
Coconut is one of the agricultural products that can be found in tropical

countries. The world economy benefits greatly from the coconut industry and
according to Shahbandeh (2023), Philippines was the second-largest producer
of coconuts with around 14.7 million metric tons of the world's production.
Despite the existence of the coconut industry, Nunes et al. (2020) claims that
increased consumption of coconut water and green coconut fruit pulp has led
to an increase in the production of coconut shells. However, after consumption
of the delectable coconut juice or meat, the collected coconut shell is either
wasted or thrown away. Yet what are these coconut shells capable of?
According to Mckeon, J. (2023), “Burning of coconut shells is not only a
waste of natural resources, it also contributes significantly to CO2 & methane
emissions.” In addition, Borel et al. (2021) stated that the logically reason is
that coconut shell biomass are predominantly made up of lignin, cellulose and
hemicelluloses. Due to its unique qualities, which include being a carbon-rich
and environmentally favorable solid fuel compared to other biomass and coal
materials, coconut shell biomass can be used to create alternative forms of
energy Ahdman, R.K. (January, 2021). Therefore, it is perfectly fit to be
activated or carbonized. Activated carbon is often referred to as activated
charcoal. Both words describe charcoal that has been heated again and
oxidized ("activated") to increase porosity. In order to convert a coconut shell
into activated carbon, it must first be converted into charcoal.
According to Rajah Filter Technics (2017), charring or pyrolysis are
other terms for the conversion of coconut shell to charcoal process. In order
for the coconut shells to decompose into charcoal, they must essentially be
heated to extremely high temperatures (between 300 and 500 degrees
Celsius) for a long period of time. The container in which this process takes
place may vary. Byjus (2023), specified that the calorific value of charcoal is
more than wood. Charcoal is more convenient to handle than wood. Charcoal
produces lesser smoke compared to wood. As stated by Charcoal House
(2023) coconut shell-derived activated charcoal is renowned for having a
micropore structure that is ideal for tiny air and gas molecules while coconut
shell coal-based charcoal has larger macro-pores that can hold the larger color
and protein molecules, wood-based charcoal has a more mid-range pore
structure. Instead of using wood, natural materials like coconut shell that are
typically discarded are also possible. This not only aids in waste management
but also lessens the chance of deforestation.
Charcoal are being utilized as a fuel in restaurants and bakeries, grills
may also be found in small businesses and are popular for picnics and trips.
It was said that the Philippines is the second-largest contributors to coconut for about 14.7
metric tons of the worlds production because the Philippines is a tropical country which only
experiences wet and dry season which are suitable for the growing of coconut. Though the
ascending of coconut water and green coconut pulp has led to the ascending of coconut shells
too. After harvesting coconut juice or milk, the coconut shell are either wasted or thrown away
without even knowing its capabilities and other uses of coconut, its biomass are known to be
very useful in being an alternative form of energy. Thus, it would be greater to activate or
carbonize it, this process is called pyrolysis which heats coconut shells in extreme high
temperatures around 300 degrees and increases porosity, which would make it a charcoal.
Coconut shell-deprived activated charcoal have micropore structure thus it is suitable for tiny air
and gas molecule while the coconut shell based has larger macro-pores thus it can hold the
larger color and protein molecule, wood-based charcoal has a more mid-range pore structure.
“Natural materials like coconut shell has a potential in being an alternative for charcoal” means
that it is possible to use other natural materials to transform into charcoal other than wood, it
gives lots of benefits like decreasing the smoke produced which makes it environmentally
friendly. This study promotes the production of coconut shell-based charcoals, by using these
types of charcoals, it gives us benefits like the decreasing of coconut shell waste and the
possibility of deforestation as traditional charcoals are mostly wood-based and is impactful
towards our environment.
Link
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/
366049058_The_Use_of_Saba_Banana_Musa_acuminata_M_balbisiana_Peel_as_a_Charcoal_S
ubstitute/link/63bc00dfa03100368a6632c9/download?
_tp=eyJjb250ZXh0Ijp7ImZpcnN0UGFnZSI6InB1YmxpY2F0aW9uIiwicGFnZSI6InB1YmxpY
2F0aW9uIn19
original text :
The Philippines has historically relied heavily on charcoal to meet its residential and commercial
energy needs. Lump charcoal is expected to produce the most demand in the Philippines’
charcoal market in 2019. However, due to this, the cutting of trees has been a substantial
contributor to climate change. Because of the production and manufacturing of charcoal, a large
number of trees have been cut down, resulting in deforestation and environmental
degradation. Not only is deforestation and environmental degradation a problem, but so are
diseases caused by the smoke used to make charcoal. The green gas houses are another
problem aside from the health and ecological problems, since the smoke emissions from the
production of charcoal are affecting our ozone layer. This is also one of the many negative
effects of the commercial charcoal that we always use. The primary reason for the rise of the
Philippines charcoal industry is because, throughout history, the product has been cheaper than
kerosene and liquefied petroleum gas making an efficient supply for fuel. It has been cheap since
there is abundant availability of low-cost feedstock, such as coconut shells and wood. The use of
charcoal has become a traditional part of the life of the Filipino people. However, there is always
a widespread belief that the manufacturing of charcoal is completely unsustainable, damaging
the environment and the lives of the people. Despite the fact that charcoal production has a
significant financial impact on families’ annual total pay, it has a significant impact on the
climate, such as air pollution, despite refined respiratory medical conditions. As a result,
conscientious organizations and organizers should have focused on the complex impact of
traditional charcoal production on ecological issues and modern medical conditions.
In the Philippines, we are used to using traditional charcoal, which are wood-based briquettes, for many
uses in our daily life activities. Our traditional way of cooking is by using charcoal; however, producing
wood-based charcoal is known to be very unsustainable and has become a pivotal role in environmental
issues like deforestation and climate change, which creates a negative impact on both the environment
and the organisms that surround it. Deforestation and the increase of climate change are not the only
problems that are produced by using charcoal, but so are the diseases caused by the smoke used to
make charcoal. In addition, the increase in greenhouse gases promotes global warming. Banana is said to
be one of the most needed agricultural products in the Philippines, although the banana peels became
waste and were discarded. Many natural wastes have become sources of biomass and are mostly
discarded. Thus, the organizations and organizers should have focused on traditional charcoal’s negative
impact on environmental matters and general medical problems. “Thus, banana peelings has a potential
as an alternative for charcoal, as ------ stated that we can use banana peels to transform and use as a
charcoal to lessen the use of wood that could possibly cause deforestation and climate change.” This
study aims to test and come up with exact measurements to make banana peel-based charcoal
briquettes just like traditional charcoal to reduce the negative impacts of the production of traditional
charcoal briquettes.

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Coconut is one of the agricultural products that can be found in tropical

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