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Lesson6 Network Switch

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18 views39 pages

Lesson6 Network Switch

Uploaded by

alumnospaul897
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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LESSON 5

NETWORK SWITCH
• IS A COMMAND LINE INTERPRETER
APPLICATION AVAILABLE IN MOST
WINDOWS OPERATING SYSTEMS.
• IT'S USED TO EXECUTE ENTERED
COMMAND COMMANDS
PROMPT • IS OFFICIALLY CALLED WINDOWS
C P
OMMAND ROCESSOR

• COMMAND SHELL OR CMD


PROMPT, OR EVEN BY ITS FILENAME,
CMD.EXE.
WINDOS LOGO + R AND TYPE CMD
NETWORK
DIAGNOSTIC
COMMAND
IPCONFIG
• IS A CONSOLE COMMAND WHICH CAN BE ISSUED TO THE
COMMAND LINE INTERPRETER (OR COMMAND PROMPT)
TO DISPLAY THE NETWORK SETTINGS CURRENTLY ASSIGNED
TO ANY OR ALL NETWORK ADAPTERS IN THE MACHINE.
THIS COMMAND CAN BE UTILISED TO VERIFY A NETWORK
CONNECTION AS WELL AS TO VERIFY YOUR NETWORK
SETTINGS.
NETSTAT
• DISPLAYS ACTIVE TCP CONNECTIONS, PORTS ON WHICH
THE COMPUTER IS LISTENING, ETHERNET STATISTICS, THE IP
ROUTING TABLE, IPV4 STATISTICS (FOR THE IP, ICMP,
TCP, AND UDP PROTOCOLS), AND IPV6 STATISTICS (FOR
THE IPV6, ICMPV6, TCP OVER IPV6, AND UDP OVER
IPV6 PROTOCOLS). USED WITHOUT PARAMETERS, NETSTAT
DISPLAYS ACTIVE TCP CONNECTIONS.
TRACERT
• THE COMMAND USED TO VISUALLY SEE A NETWORK
PACKET BEING SENT AND RECEIVED AND THE AMOUNT OF
HOPS REQUIRED FOR THAT PACKET TO GET TO ITS
DESTINATION.
• USERS WITH MICROSOFT WINDOWS 2000 AND
WINDOWS XP WHO NEED ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
NETWORK LATENCY AND NETWORK LOSS SHOULD ALSO
CONSIDER USING THE PATHPING COMMAND.
PING
• HELPS IN DETERMINING TCP/IP NETWORKS IP ADDRESS
AS WELL AS DETERMINE ISSUES WITH THE NETWORK AND
ASSISTS IN RESOLVING THEM.
PATHPING
• PROVIDES INFORMATION ABOUT NETWORK LATENCY AND
NETWORK LOSS AT INTERMEDIATE HOPS BETWEEN A
SOURCE AND DESTINATION.
• PATHPING SENDS MULTIPLE ECHO REQUEST MESSAGES TO
EACH ROUTER BETWEEN A SOURCE AND DESTINATION
OVER A PERIOD OF TIME AND THEN COMPUTES RESULTS
BASED ON THE PACKETS RETURNED FROM EACH ROUTER.
ARP
• DISPLAYS, ADDS, AND REMOVES ARP INFORMATION
FROM NETWORK DEVICES.
NSLOOKUP
• DISPLAYS INFORMATION THAT YOU CAN USE TO
DIAGNOSE DOMAIN NAME SYSTEM (DNS)
INFRASTRUCTURE. BEFORE USING THIS TOOL, YOU SHOULD
BE FAMILIAR WITH HOW DNS WORKS.
• THE NSLOOKUP COMMAND-LINE TOOL IS AVAILABLE
ONLY IF YOU HAVE INSTALLED THE TCP/IP PROTOCOL.
NBTSTAT
• MS-DOS UTILITY THAT DISPLAYS PROTOCOL STATISTICS
AND CURRENT TCP/IP CONNECTIONS USING NBT.
GETMAC
• DOS COMMAND USED TO SHOW BOTH LOCAL AND REMOTE MAC ADDRESSES.
WHEN RUN WITH NO PARAMETERS (IE. GETMAC) IT DISPLAYS MAC ADDRESSES
FOR THE LOCAL SYSTEM.

• WHEN RUN WITH THE /S PARAMETER (EG. GETMAC /S \\FOO) IT DISPLAYS MAC
ADDRESSES FOR THE REMOTE COMPUTER. WHEN THE /V PARAMETER IS USED, IT
ALSO DISPLAYS THE ASSOCIATED CONNECTION NAME AND NETWORK ADAPTER
NAME.

• INCLUDED WITH WINDOWS XP, WINDOWS 2003 SERVER, AND WINDOWS 2000
RESOURCE KIT.
FIND ALL ACTIVE/USED IP
• THERE IS A REALLY NEAT WAY THAT YOU CAN QUITE EASILY FIND ALL ACTIVE/USED
IP ADDRESSES ON YOUR NETWORK WITHOUT THE NEED FOR ANY THIRD PARTY
APPLICATIONS OR WORSE, PINGING EACH IP A DDRESS INDIVIDUALLY.

• OPEN THE COMMAND PROMPT AND TYPE IN THE FOLLOWING:


FOR /L %I IN (1,1,254) DO PING -N 1 192.168.10.%I | FIND /I
"REPLY">>C:\IPADDRESSES.TXT
CHANGE 192.168.10 TO MATCH YOU OWN NETWORK.
NETSH
• ONE COMMON WAY OF USING NETSH IS TO RESET THE
TCP/IP IN WINDOWS 2K/XP
• TYPE THIS IN RUN OR DOS WINDOW – "NETSH INT IP
RESET"
• IN WINDOWS XP YOU CAN RUN A GRAPHICAL
DIAGNOSTICS BY TYPING "NETSH DIAG GUI" INTO THE RUN
DIALOGUE BOX. (THIS MAY TAKE A LITTLE TIME TO
STARTUP)
TELNET
• IS SOFTWARE THAT ALLOWS USERS TO REMOTELY ACCESS
ANOTHER COMPUTER SUCH AS A SERVER, NETWORK
DEVICE, OR OTHER COMPUTER. WITH TELNET USERS CAN
CONNECT TO A DEVICE OR COMPUTER, MANAGE A
NETWORK DEVICE, SETUP A DEVICE, TRANSFER FILES, ETC.
FTP
• IS SHORT FOR FILE TRANSFER PROTOCOL, THIS PAGE
CONTAINS ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE FTP
COMMAND AND HELP USING THAT COMMAND IN UNIX
AND MS-DOS (WINDOWS).
ROUTE
• THE FUNCTION AND SYNTAX OF THE WINDOWS ROUTE
COMMAND IS SIMILAR TO THE UNIX OR LINUX ROUTE
COMMAND. USE THE COMMAND TO MANUALLY
CONFIGURE THE ROUTES IN THE ROUTING TABLE.
• IS A SYSTEM DESIGNED TO PREVENT
UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS TO OR FROM
A PRIVATE NETWORK. YOU CAN
IMPLEMENT A FIREWALL IN EITHER
HARDWARE OR SOFTWARE FORM, OR
FIREWALL A COMBINATION OF BOTH.

• PREVENT UNAUTHORIZED INTERNET


USERS FROM ACCESSING PRIVATE
NETWORKS CONNECTED TO THE
INTERNET, ESPECIALLY INTRANETS.
• A NETWORK SWITCH (ALSO
CALLED SWITCHING HUB,
BRIDGING HUB, OFFICIALLY MAC
BRIDGE) IS NETWORKING

SWITCH
HARDWARE THAT CONNECTS
DEVICES ON A COMPUTER
NETWORK BY USING PACKET
SWITCHING TO RECEIVE, AND
FORWARD DATA TO THE
DESTINATION DEVICE.

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