Multiple Choice Questions

die correct option in the following questions.

1, when i # j h A 2 •
L If A = [a;;1 is a square matrix of order 2 such that aij ={O, when i =j , t en ts
[CBSE Sample Paper 2021 (Term-1)]

(a) [! ~] (b) [~ ~] (c) [! ~] (d) [~ ~]

cos a
2. If A= ( . - sin
sma cos a
a], then A+ A'= I, if the value of a is [CBSE 2021-22 (Term-1)]

(d) 3,r
(b) ~
7[
(a) - (c) 7r_
2
6 3

3
•
If [ 2a + b a - lb ] =
Sc - d 4c + 3d
!
4 3
- ], then value of a + b - c + 2d is
11 24
[NCERT Exemplar] [CBSE Sample Paper 2021 (Term-1)] .

(a) 8 (b) 10 (c) 4 (d) - 8

4. Total numbe r of possib le matrices of order 3 x 3 with each entry 2 or Ois

[CBSE 2021-22 (Term-1)]

(a) 9 (b) 27 (c) 81 (d) 512

5. If for a square matrix A, A

2
- 3A + I =0 and A-1 =xA + yl then the value of x + y is
[CBSE 2023 (65/1/1)]

(a) - 2 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) - 3

74 Xam idea Mathe matics-XII

D

6. If [; ~] = p + Q, where Pis a symmetric and Q is a skew symmetric matrix, then Q is equal

to [CBSE 2023 (65/211))

(a)
[s~2 5~2] (b) [s~2 -s;2] (c)
[-5/2
0 5/2]
0 (d) [s\ -5;2]
7. If A=[! ~] and 2A + B is a null matrix, then B is equal to [CBSE 2023 (651111))

(a) [1~ !] (b) r~

- 10 -4
--8] (c) [ 1~ !] (d) l-~~ =!]
8. If A= [o0 1 ~ Then A 2023 is equal to [CBSE 2023 (65/211))
0

(a) [~ ~] (b) [~ 20023] (c) [~ ~] (d) [2023 o

0 2023
l
9. If order of matrix A is 2 x 3, of matrix B is 3 x 2, and of matrix C is 3 x 3, then which one of the
following is not defined. [CBSE 2022 (65/1/4) (Tenn-1))
(a) C (A + B') (b) C (A + B')' (c) BAC (d) CB + A'
10. If A and B are matrices of same order, then (AB' - BA') is a [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) skew-symmetric matrix (b) null matrix
(c) symmetric matrix (d) unit matrix

11. If P is a 3 x 3 matrix such that P' = 2P + I, where P' is the transpose of P, then
[CBSE 2022 (Tenn-1)]

(a) P = I (b) P=-1 (c) P = 21 (d) p =-21 /

12. A matrix A = [aijhx 3 is defined by [CBSE 2021-22 (651214) (Tenn-1)]

-{2i +5,3j , ~ : J~
aii - i -
3i-2j t i >j

The number of elements in A which are more than 5 is

(a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 6

3
13. If A= [ 0 2 ] and kA = [ O a], then the values of k, a and b respectively are
3 -4 2b 24

(a) - 6, - 12, - 18 (b) - 6, - 4, - 9 (c) - 6, 4, 9 (d) - 6, 12, 18

14. If A is square matrix such that A2 = I, then (A-D3 +(A+ D3 -7A is equal to [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) A (b) I -A (c) I+ A (d) 3A

15. If A = I_ : ~ ~ then (A - 21) (A - 31) is equalto [CBSE 2022 (65/1/4) (Term-1))

(a) A (b) I (c) 51 (d) 0

Algebra of Matrices 75
I
16. If A= [
2 -l 3]and B =[! }2], then [NCERT Exempl
lit]
-4 5 1 1 5
(b) only BA is defined
(a) only AB is defined
(d) AB and BA both are not defined.
(c) AB and BA both are defined

17. Given that A= [a -af3 ]

'Y
and A 2 = 31, then
[CBSE Sample Paper 2022 (Ter,n.l)]

(a) 1 + a 2 + J3y = 0 (b) 1 - a

2
- J3y = 0 (c) 3 - a 2 - J3y = 0 (d) 3 + a.2 + J3y = 0
18. If A= l-~ ~] and (31 + 4 A) (31- 4 A)= x2l, then the value(s) of xis/are [CBSE 2023 (651111)]

(a) ±.fi (b) 0 (c) ± 5 (d) 25

19. Given that matrices A and Bare of order 3 x n and m x 5 respectively, then the order of matrix
C =SA+ 3B is [CBSE Sample Paper 2022 (Tenn-1)]
=n

l
(a) 3 x 5 and m (b) 3 x 5 (c) 3 x 3 (d) 5 x 5

20. If A=[; -1
-1
-1 1
1 ,thenA5 -A4 -A3 +A2 isequalto [CBSE 2021-22 (Term-1)]

(a) 2A (b) 3A (c) 4A (d) 0

21. If for a square matrix A, A 2 -A + l = 0, then A-1 equals [CBSE 2023 (65/5/1)]
(a) A (b) A+ I (c) I-A (d) A-I

22. ~£ A=[~ o} 1
B =[x1 o]1 and A =B , then x equals
2
[CBSE 2023 (65/5/1)]

(a) ±1 (b) -1 (c) 1 (d) 2

23. If A= [~ ~] and B = [~ ~], then B'A' is equal to [CBSE 2023 (65/3/2)]

(a) [~ ~] (b) [~ ~] (c) G~] (d) [~ ~]

24. A and Bare skew-symmetric matrices of same order. AB is symmetric, if [CBSE 2023 (65/3/2)]
(a) AB =0 (b) AB =- BA (c) AB =BA (d) BA =O
25. For what value of x e [o, ,r],
2
is A+ A' = ./3 1 , where A= [ co_s x
-smx
sin x] 7
cosx
[CBSE 2023 (65/3/2)]
7[
(a) 3 (b) ~ (c) 0 (d) 7[
6 2.
Answers
1. (d) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (d) 7. (b)
5. (b) 6. (b)
8. (c) 9. (a) 10. (a) 11. (b) 14- (a)
12. (b) 13. (b)
15. (d) 16. (c) 17. (c) 18. (c) 21. (c)
19. (b) 20. (d)
22. (c) 23. (b) 24. (c) 25. (b)

76 Xam idea Mathematics-XII

■ Ob· ective Type Questions
1. Choose and write the correct option in each of the following questions.

(I) The product -b

la b1la -b1
a b a is equal to [CBSE 2023 (65/4/1)I

a2 + b
(a) [ 0
O
a2+b2
2
I l(a +bf 01
(b) (a+bY- 0
a2+ b 01
(c) [a2+ b2 0
2
(d) [ ~ ~]

(ii) If lx:y !1=[! !],thenvalueofyis

(a) 1 (b) 3 (c) 2 (d) 5
2 2
(iii) If A is a square matrix and A = A, then (I+ A) -3A is equal to [CBSE 2023 (65/4/J)]
(a) I (b) A (c) 2A (d) 3 I

(iv) The A= (2 ~3 4], B=mx=[I 2 3) and y= !}then AB+ XY equals

[CBSE 2020 (651411)]
(a) [28] (b) [24] (c) 28 (d) 24

[CBSE 2023 (65/4/1)]

(v) If x[~J+y[~]=[!],then

(a) X =1, y =2 (b) x =2, y =1 (c) X =1, y =- 1 (d) x = 3, y = 2

(vi) If a matrix A = [1 2 3], then the matrix AA' (where A' is the transpose of A) is
[CBSE 2023 (65/411)1
1 0 0 1 2 3
(a) 14 (b) 0 2 0 (c) 2 3 1 (d) [14]
0 0 3 3 1 2
(vii) For any two matrices A and B, we have
(a) AB= BA (b) AB¢ BA (c) AB= 0 (d) None of these
(viii) If a matrix A is both symmetric and skew symmetric, then A is necessarily a
(a) diagonal matrix (b) zero matrix (c) square matrix (d) identity matrix
■ Conceptual Questions

2. For a 2 x 2 matrix, A= [a;j], whose elements are given by a1 = ~, write the value of a12•
1
1 [CBSE Delhi 20tll
3. Write the order of the product matrix. [CBS£ (F) 20111
1
2 [2 3 4]
3
4 From the following matrix equation, find the value of x

;y 3:]
[X = [ -~ : ] [CBSE (f)20101

[CBSE (F) 2(1/JI

 Write a square matrix of order 2, which is both symmetric and skew symmetric. [CBS£ (F) 2010]
(l,
If 01atrix A= [1 2 3], th en write AA', where A' is the transpose of matrix A. [CBS£ Delhi 2009)
0 a -3
If the matrix A= 2 0 -l is skew symmetric, find the values of 'a' and 'b' . [CBSE 2018)
8 b 1 0
2
9, If A is a square matrix such that A = A, then write the value of (J + A)3- 7A. [CBSE (AI) 2014)
10. If a matrix has 5 elements, write
all possible orders it can have. [CBS£ (AI) 2011]

a.. are uiven by a.. = Ii - j I .

11 Write the element a23 of a 3 x 3 matrix A= (a 9..) whose elements
· 9 °- 9 2
[ CBSE Delhi 2015)
12. Write the number of all possible matrices of order 2 x 2 with each entry 1, 2 or 3.
[CBSE Central 2016)
Ven· Short Answer Questions
1

13. Find a matrix A such that 2A - 3B +SC= 0, where B = r-~ ~ ~] and C = [~ ~ -!J.
[CBSE 2019 (651111)]

14. If A = [ ~ ~] and kA = [ib ~:], then find the value ofk, a and b. [CBSE 2019 (65/311))

15. Express A = [ ~ =~] as a sum of a symmetric and a skew-symmetric matrix. [CBS£ 2019 (65/3/1)]

16. Solve the following matrix equation for x: [x 1] [ -~ ~] = 0. [CBS£ Delhi 2014]

17. If 2[! !]+[~ i] = [:O ~] , find (x-y). [CBSE Delhi 2014)

18. IfA=[~ ~]andB=[-~ !],thenfind(3A-B). [CBSE Guwahati 2015]

19. u[~ ~]-[! 2 1 ] =[=: !],thenwritethevalueofx.

[CBSE Delhi 2012)

20. If matrix A = [-~ - ~] and A 2 = AA, then write the value of A. [CBSE (Al) 2013)

2 2
21. If matrix A = [
-2
- 1and A 2 = pA, then write the value of p.
2
[CBSE (Al) 2013)

■ Short Answer Questions

22. Given matrix A = [ ! !], find f(A), if j(x) = 2.x2- 3x + 5.

23. IfA= ~~ :1,thenshowthatA3 -6A 2 +7A+2I=O.

2 0 3

24 · Express the matrix [~ -~ ~ as the sum of a symmetric and a skew symmetric matrix.
4 12
2 01
25
· If A= 2 1 3 , then find the value of A 2 -3A + 21. [CBSE (Al) 2010)
1 -1 0

Algebra of Matrices 99
 2~ Show that the eleme nts along the main diago nal of a skew symm
etric matri x are all zero.
[CBSE Samp le Pape r 20l7\

r If A=\- ~
7 -s
~ ~1 B = {~ ~ ~1C =
or l1 2 or
L~\l ,
3
then calcu late AC, BC and (A + B) C. Also verify that

(A + B) C = AC + BC.
[ CBSE Ajme r 20151
2S A manu factu rer produ ces three produ cts x, y, z whic h he sells
in two mark ets. Annu al sales are
indic ated in the table:
Mark et Produ cts
X y z
I 10,000 2,000 18,00 0
II 6,000 20,000 8,000
If unit sale price of x, y and z are n.so, fl.SO and fl.00 respe
ctive ly, then find the total reven ue in
each mark et, using matri ces.
Answers
.. (i) (a) (ii) (a) (iiz) (a) (iv) (a) (v) (b)
(viz) (d) (viii) (b)
(vz) (d)
1
"'- Ql2 =2 3. 3 X 3 4. X= 1 5. -6
6. [~ ~] 7. [14]
a = -2, b = 3 9. I 10. 1 xS and 1
5x1 11. 2
12 81 13. [ _-8 _3 _5] 14. k=-6 ,a=- 4,b= -9
13 1 9
1
l

l-~ -1
2
+[; -}] 16. X =2 17. 10

2 2 i
18.

0
l: ~1
1 3
19. X =: 13

2 2
2 A.=6 22 [16 14]
21. p = 4
· 21 37 24. 2 -1 l + -1 0
1
-2
2
i l 2 -3 1
0
2 2 2 2

2
I 31 -1
-3
-4 I
-3 -1
2 0
2h I : f 46,000 ; II : f53,000
27.
AC =lr~t =l!J(A
BC + B)C = l ~l
 ·
Questions for Practice
ns
• ~f ul tip le Ch oic e Qu es tio ns.
th e co rre ct op tio n in ea ch of the fo llo wi ng qu es tio
1· Ch oose and write

[CBSE 2023 (65/5/I)]

( 1) If ;: : :;
1 4 1
= 0, then the ,·alue of a is

(c) 3 (d) 4
(a) 1 (b) 2
en (A B- 1 = r 1

If
(ir) A, Ba re no n-s ing ula
1
r sq ua re matrices
(b) A- 1g-1
of the sa me
(c) BA-l
or de r, th
(d ) AB
(a) A - B
[CBSE Sa mp le Paper 202JJ

(iit) If A =[: ~ j be such that K 1

=kA, then k equals
1 (c) -1 9 (d) -1
(b) 19
(a) 19 19

ics - XI/
13 8 Ya m idea Ma th em at
 (iv) If [ta~e -t~nel[_ t~e ta~er =[: -:] ,then

(a) a = 1, b = l (b) a = cos 20, b = sin 20

(c) a= sin 20, b = cos 20 (d) none of these

(P) If A is a square matrix of order 3, such that A(adj A)= 10 [, then Iadj A I is equal to
[CBSE 2020 (65/511)]
(a) 1 (b) 10 (c) 100 (d) 101
(v1) If A satisfies the equation x3- sx2 + 4x + "- = o, then A- 1 exists if
(a) "- ;t 1 (b) "- ;t 2 (c) "- ;e -1 (d) all of them

(vii) Lf A is a square matrix of order 3 and IA I =5, then Iadj A I =

(a) 20 (b) 10 (c) 0 (d) 100

■ Conceptual Questions

2. If A;1 is the cofactor of the element aii of the determinant

2 -3 5
6 0 4 , then write the value of a32 • A32• [CBSE (AI) 2013]
1 5 -7
cos e sine]
3. If A= [ .
-Sm
e cos e
, then for any natural number n, find the value of det (A") .
[CBSE Ajmer 2015)

4. Find the cofactors of all the elements of [: -; ] . [CBSE 2020 (65/5/3)]

5. Write the adjoint of the matrix [ ! ~l ]. [CBSE (AI) 2010]

6. If A is a square matrix of order 3 such that Iadj A I= 64, find IA I-

7. If A=[; !] and B= [~ ~] then find adj (AB).
8. Find IABl,if A=[~ -; JandB = [~ ~] - [CBSE 2019 (65/212)]

9. Let A be a square matrix of order 3 x 3. Write the value of I2A I, where IA I =4.
[CBSE Delhi 2012)
10. A is a square matrix with IA I=4. Then find the value of IA.(adj A) 1- [CBSE 2019 (65/4/3)]

1 [CBSE 2020 (65/5/1)]

11. For A=[: ~}writeA- .

1 Very Short Answer Questions

12. Find the equation of line Joining (3, 1) and (9, 3) using determinant.
l3. Using co-factors of elements of third column,

] X yz
evaluate D.. = 1 y zx .
1 z xy

Determinants 139
 1
1 1f A = l!}1, 2
1 1
show that A- = A •
19
1 SolYe the following system of equations by matrix method:
3x + y = 19
3x - y = 23
■ ~ho· ,\nc.we Questions
1~ Show that the points A (a, b + c), B (b, c + a), C (c, a + b) are collinear.
1- A typist charges t 145 for typing 10 English and 3 Hindi pages, while charges for typing 3 En U
and 10 Hindi pages are f 180. Using matrices, find the charges of typing one English and\;~
Hindi page separately. [CBSE (North) 20
161
1:-. If A, Bare square matrices of the same order, then prove that adj (AB)= (adj B) (adj A).

11. Let A =[: ~}B = l-~ ~1- Then compute AB. Hence, solve the following system of equations:

2x + y =4, 3x + 2y =1. [CBSE Sample Paper 20161

20. Let A= l~ ;1 l~!],

and B =
1 1
verify that (ABr = B- K 1.

0 2 -3
21 Without using properties of determinant prove that -2 0 4 = 0.
3 -4 0
1+ X 1 1
22. Without using properties of determinant prove that 1 1 + y 1 = xyz + xy + yz + zx.
1 1 1 +z
■ Long Answer Questions

23. li A = [~ -~
1 1 -2
~1 find K1. Use it to solve the system of equations:

2x - 3y + 5z = 11
3x + 2y - 4z = - 5
x+y-2z=-3 [CBSE 2018]

24. U A = ! ~ ~1-
3 1 1
Find K1. Hence, solve the system of equations

X + y + Z = 6, X + 2z = 7, 3x + y + Z = 12 . [CBSE 2019 (65/1/l)I

25. Using matrix, solve the following system of equations:
2x - 3y + Sz =11, 3x + 2y-4z =- 5, x + y- 2z = -3 [CBSE Delhi z()(J9]

26. Find the adjoint of the matrix A = [-~ -~

2 2
=~1 and hence, show that A.(adj A) = IA IJ3,
- l [CBSE Allahabad 20151

27. Find the inverse of matrix A = [-I~ -~ -~

-2 2
and hence show that K'. ,i = /.
·20151
[CBSE Chennat

1 An 'il'::im ir!P.a l'!:'lathematics-XII

 28 Using matrices, solve the following system of linear equations: [ CBSE (F) 2009]
3x - 2y + 3z = 8
2.x+ y - z =l
4x - 3y + 2z = 4

29 . Using matrices, solve the following system of equations: [CBSE (Al) 20111
X + 2y + Z = 7

X + 3z = 11
and 2x - 3y = 1

3o. Using matrices, solve the following system of equations: [CBSE (F) 2012)
x - y +z =4
2x+ y - 3z = 0
x+ y +z=2
31. Using matrices, solve the following system of equations: [CBSE (Al) 2012)
2x + 3y + 3z = 5
x -2y + z =-4
3x -y - 2z = 3
32. Using matrices, solve the following system of equations: [CBSE (Al) 2012]
x+ y- z=3
2x + 3y + z = 10
3x -y -7z = 1

33. If A= [!2 :1 ~21 find A-1 • [CBSE Sample Paper 2021]

0 -1 1 j
Hence solve the system of equations:
x-2y = 10
2x-y-z=8
-2y+z = 7

34. Evaluate the product AB, where [CBSE Sample Paper 2021]
1 -1 0 2 2 -4
A = 2 3 4 and B = - 4 2 -4
0 1 2 2 -1 5
Hence solve the system of linear equations
x-y=3
2x+3y+4z=17
y +2z=7

Answers
1. (1) (d} (ii) (c) (iit) (b) (iv) (b) (v) (c) (vr) (d) (vii) (b)

2. 110
3. 1 4. C11 = 3, C21 = 2, C12 = -4, C22 = 1 5. [! ~]
6, ± 8
7. [~ ~] 8. 0 9. 32 10. 4" [-1 4]
ll. -1 3

Determinants 141
 15. x = 7, y = -2 17. ? 10 and~ 15 respec tively
1-" x - 3Y = 0 13 (x - y) (y - z) (z - x)
0 1 -2
23. A-1 = -2 9 - 23; x= J, y=2, z=3
1 AB=[~ ~tx=7 , y=-10 -1 5 - 13

-2 0 2
25. X = 1, y =2, Z =3
24 A
-1
= -41 5 -2 -1 ; X = 3, y = 1, Z = 2
1 2 -1

26. adj A = ~ 3 ~
-3 6 6
27. A- = ~ ~ ~lJ
1

~ ~ 3
0 1 3

28. X = 1, y = 2, Z =3
29. x = 2, y = l , z = 3
30. X = 2, y = _ 1, z= l 31. X = 1, y = 2, Z = - 1

32. X = 3, y = 1, z = 1 33. A- 1 = -; -:
2 1 3
tj
X = 0, Y = -5, Z = -3

6
34. 0 6 0
0 OJ
10 0 6
x=2, y=-1, z=4

Ill
 Question~,.~for. ~
■ Ob jec tive Typ e Qu esti ons
in each of the foll ow ing que stio ns.
1. Choose and write the correct opt ion
function?
of the foll owi ng can be a dis con tinu ous
2
(r) Uf(x) = 2r and g(x) = ~ + 1, the n whi ch
g(x)
(c) f(x) . g(x) (d) f (x)
(a) /(x) + g(x) (b) /(x) - g(x)

wh ere the fun ctio n/ giv en by f(x) = 12.x -11 sin x is diff ere ntia ble equals
(it) The set of poi nts
[NCERT Exemplar]
(d) non e of the se
(a) R (b) R-{~} (c) (0, oo)

(iii) Let ft.x)= Icos x j • Then,

(a) /is everywhere differentiable.
erentiable at x = mt, n e z.
(b) /is everywhere continuous but not diff
erentiable at x = (2n + 1) ; , n e z.
(c) /is everywhere continuous but not diff
(d) non e of these.
. equal to
. ) If y -- A e-sx + B e-sx, then -d2y2 IS [CBSE 2020 (65/5/1)1
(zv
dx
(a) 25 y (b) 5 y (c) -25 y (d) 15 y

(v) The derivative of x2 w.r .t xis

(a) ?- 1 (b) 2? log x (c) 2? (1 + log x) (d) 2x2(1 - log x)

(vi) Iff'(l ) =2 and Y =f (log el), then :: at x = e is

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) e

1BB Y;i, n idea Mdtltcmatics-Xll

 ►

C eptunl (' ,~ liow

• ,inl ff( ) - lsin;' x, xt- O . ti

2 I x - k, x = ' is con n uous at x =0, then write the value of k.
0
Determine the va lue of 'k' for which the following function is continuous at x = 3:
(x + 3) 2 - 36

.i. If
f(x) =

x
!
x- 3 ' x 13
k,
x]
2
dy
x=3

y= [sin 2 +cos 2 , find dx atx = ; .

[CBS£ W) 20171

. d dy if = tan-1[1 + tanxl
5· Fm dx ' Y 1 - tanx fx E
[-..!4'4..!]·
b. If y = log (I), then find :~ . [CBSE 2019 (651413)1
■ Verv Slnrt \n. i•o Qucrtions
"' Find kifJ(x) is continuous at x = 0.
sinx if
f (x) = - X - + COSX, 0
X -:f:.

l k, if x = 0
8. Examine the continuity at the indicated point.
f(x) = Ix I+ Ix-1 I at x = 1
9 lf f(x) = Icos x- sin x I, findJ'(1t/6).
d2y
10. If y = 5 cos x - 3 sin x, prove that - +y = 0 .
dx 2
2
11. Find : at t = rr when x = lO(t - sin t) and y = 12 (1 - cos t). [CBSE (F) 2017)
3

12. Find :~ at x = l , y =: if sin y+ cosxy =K.

2
[CBSE Delhi 2017]

.. ■ Short Answer Ques tions

l
3x-2, O<x~l
13. Show that the function 1' defined by f(x) = 2x2 - x,
l < x ~ 2 is continuous at x = 2, but not
differentiable. Sx - 4, x>2 [CBSE Delhi 2010]
14. For what value of k is the following function continuous at x = - ~ ? [CBSE Sample Paper 2017]
v'3 Sin X + COS X ..J. __!
rr ,X r-6
f(x) = x+6
7[

15. D;.cuss the di/ferentiab:ty of th:~~:on /(x) = l2x - l,

3-6x,x~ -
x< i x ~
at = .
2 [CBSE Sample Paper 2017]
16. Show that the function/ given by

-1 l
e½ - 1 , if x I 0
f(x) = e½ + 1

is discontinuous at x = 0.
if X = 0
[CBSE (East) 2016]

Cont inuit y and Different iability 189

 l' · f 1's d ef'med by
Find the values of n and b, if the funchOn [CBSE (F) 20l~
. _{x2 + 3x + n, x~1
f(x) - bx+2, x>1
is differentiable at x = 1.
ll" Let f(x) = x - Ix-l- I, x E [-1, l ]. Find the point of discontinuity, (if any), of this function on H, l].
[CBSE Bhubaneshwar
20151
1<. Show that the function f(x) = Ix_ 1 \ + Ix+ 11 , for all x E R, but is not differentiab le at the points
x =_1 and x =1. [CBSE Allahabad 20lS]

21 If y = Jx2 + 1 -log(½+ j 1 + : 2 ) , then find ~~ . [CBSE Delhi 2008]

dy 1
21 If x j l+y+y JI +x=O, - l< x< l,x:f=y, then prove that dx = (l+x) 2 - [CBSE (F) 20U]
22. Differentiate the following function with respect to x : (xrsr + (sin x)tan x [CBSE Delhi 2009]
dy y(x-1)
r, If Xlj = e<r-y) then show that - = -"-'---'- . [CBSE (F) 2017]
' dx x(y+ 1)
x a dy x
2 If x _ y = log x _ Y' then prove that dx = 2 -y · [CBSE Guwahati 2015]
dy
2-,. Let y = (log x) x + xxcosx, then find dx . [CBSE Sample Paper 2016)
~
2b If f(x) = v x- -t- 1 ; g(x) = -x+l
- and h(x) = 2x- 3, then find f[h'lg'(x))]. [CBSE Allahabad 2015)
2
X +l

2?. If y = x3 (cos xY + sin- 1 fx , find ;~. [CBSE 2020 (65/3/1)]

111. Differentiate (sin 2x) x + sin-1 ./3x with respect to x. [CBSE (South) 2016]

2.
. d dy
Fm dx
if = . _1 [6x-4 ~ ]
y sm
5 . [CBSE (North) 2016]

1 1
JO If y=sin-1 (6x/1-9x2),- r,:;- <x < r,:;- then find ddy [CBSE Delhi 20171
3v2 3v2 x·
-1( 2r+ i ) . dy
31. If y = cos + r , then find dx . [CBSE (F) 2010]
1 4

32 . . -1(./1+?-
Differentiate tan
+ +
~) . ~ ~ w1th respect to cos-1 x2. [CBSE (South) 2016 2019(65/4/1)]
V1 X- V1 - x- I

33 1[./1+?-1]
Differentiate tan- x with respect to x. [CBSE (Al) 201ll

34 Differentiate tan-1 b with respect to sin-1(2x/1 - x2). [CBSE Del1ri 2014]

3r _ -1(h-t7+
If y - tan
v
~
v
) 2< ~
2
1 +x -
r;---I_ ,
1 - x2
.
x - ] , then find -dy .
dx
[CBSE Delhi 20lSl

:16 Differentia te tan- 1 ( ri+;- l) w.r. t. sin- 1 ~x 2 , if x E (- 1, 1).

1
[CBSE (F) 20l 6l

190 ' 1111rJ 1-1 tl1rn1 1t1c XII

 11

3 If x'"l = (x +yr+ , prove that ::; = o.

[CBSE D elhi 20171

7{ X) dy d2
:ii' lf y == log tan ( 4 + 2 , show that d = sec x. Also find the value of y at X=
7{
.
X dx2 4
1 [CBSE (F) 2010]
3'l. If x = tan (-a log y), show that:
[CBSE (Al) 2011]
2
2
dy dy
(l+x )- + (2x- a)- =0
2
dx dx
d2y
40 If y = t! (sin x + cos x), then show that - -2 + 2y = o . id [CB SE (AI) 2009]
· dx 2 dx
aros- 1x d2Y dy
41 If y = e , -1 :5 x :51, show that (1- x2)- - x- _ a2 y = o. [CBSE (F) 2012]
dx 2 dx
2
42. If (ax+ b)eYlx = x, then show that x3 dx a
( y) = (x dd~ -y)2 .
2 [ CBSE Ajmer 2015]

43. If eY (x + 1) = 1, then show that ::; = ( :~

d2y
r [CBSE (AI) 2017]

-1-1. If x = a(0 - sin 0), y = a(1 + cos 0), then find - .

[CBSE D elhi 2011]
dx 2
d2 y dy
45. If y = 2cos (log x) + 3sin (log x), prove that x 2 - + x dx + y = 0 . [CBSE (Central) 2016]
2
dx
d2y
-16. If x = a(cos 2t + 2t sin 2t) and y = a(sin 2t- 2t cos 2t), then find - • [CBSE (Ajmer) 2015]
dx 2
Answers
1. (r) (d) (i1) (b) (iii) (c) (iv) (a) (v) (c) (vt) (d)

2 k=1 3. k = 12
/3
4. 2 5. 1 6. 1 7. k =2

8. Discontirtuous 2/3 7t
9. - ; (1 + /3) 11. 12.
5 4(/2- 1)
H. k=2 . 15. Not differentiable 17. a= 3, b = 5
2

l
2x - X , -15 X <0
18. No point of discontinuity. [Hint: f(x) = 0, x=0
. x 2, 0<X5 1

20. ~ 22 xcosx( co:x -sin x log x )+ (sin x)tanx[l + sec2 xlog sin x]

2-t. Hint:
x: y = log a - log (x - y) then differentiate.

h
1
(log xf {- - + log (log
log x
x)}+ xxcosY lcos x + cosx(logx) - xsin x logx}
26 2/s . . f ' [f1' 1o
lt>'(x)}) = / '[11•{-x2-2.x+l}]
· s ; Hint:Atfirst findf'(x),g'(x)andh '(x)andthenfmd x2+1 ·

Continuity and Differentiability 191

 2· x 3 (cosxV[;-xtanx+log(cosx)]+ ✓l 2
2 x-x
2 ~• (sm ,,.,)X {2x co t 2x + Jog (sin 2-r)} + -----::=:::;:===::::;:-
" ~ 3 2
29
2 l3x - 9x
2
✓1-4x2
6 1 1
30
. _!_
32. 33. 34
11-9x 2 2 2(1 + x 2) 2

3~ Z= /i7; [Hint At first simplify y = tan_, (1 1/)

+ by multiplying with / 1 + x 2 + ./i"=-;:,_

Then let x2 = sin 0 and then solve.]

3b. _!_ 38. /2
4

42. Hint: eyl x = x

a.x + b
=> }!_ = lo ( x ) =>
x g nx + b Y
= lo ( X
g ax + b
)x
44. - cot
e sec 3 2t
2 46. 'hit

111
- - - --
·~Questions
·-
for Practice -
:~:\•
■ Objecth e Type Questions
1 Choose and write the correct option in each of the following questions.

(1) The rate of change in volume of sphare wrt r when radius is ( ~) is

(a) 7t (b) 21t (c) 41t (d) none of these

(i1) The sides of an equilater~ tri~gle ar~ increasing at the rate of 2 cm/sec. The rate at Which
the area increases, when side 1s 10 cm lS •

(a) 10 en?/ s (b) ./3 cm

2
/ s (c) 10./3 cm / s
2
(d)
1
J cm 2
/ s

(iii) The maximum value of slope of the curve y = -x3 + 3x2 + 12.x - 5 is [CBSE 2020 (651311)]

(a) 15 (b) 12 (c) 9 (d) 0

(iv) If the function.f(x) = U-kx + 5 is increasing on [1, 2], then k lies in the interval
(a) (-oo, 4) (b) (4, oo) (c) (- oo, 8) (d) (8, oo)

(v) The function/(x) =tf

(a) has no maximum value (b) has a maximum value
(c) has a stationary point (d) None of these
(v1) The stationary points of sin x in [O, 1t] is

(a) 0 (b) ~ (c) 7t (d) none of these

2

(vii) For which value of a is the function.f(x) = ax2 + 2 decreasing in [1, 2]?
(a) (1, 2) (b) [1, 2] (c) (--<XJ, 0) (d) none of these

(viii) The rate of change in area of square w.r.t. side when side is 1 unit is

(a) 1 unit2 / sec (b) Jh unit2 / sec (c) 2 unit2 / sec (d) none of these

■ Conceptual Questions
2. If the rate of change of volume of a sphere is equal to the rate of change of its radius, find the
radius of the sphere.
3. Find the interval in which the function/ given by f(x) = 7 - 4x- x2 is strictly increasing.
[ CBSE 2020 (65/3/l)l
4. It is given that at x = 1 the function x4 - 62.x2 +ax+ 9 attains the maximum value on the interval
[O, 2]. Find the value of a.
■ Very Short Ans wer Ques tions
5. The contentment obtained after eating x-units of a new dish at a trial function is given by
function C(x} = x3 + 6.x2 + Sx + 3. If the marginal contentment is defined as rate of change of enl
:i
with respect to the number of units consumed at an instant, then find the marginal conten~ 1
13
when three units of dish are consumed. (CBS£ (F) 2

236 Xam idea Mc1thematics--XII

 6• Prove that the function f(x) = tan x - 4x is strictly decreasmg
· on (-~, ~) .
3 3
~ Prove thatf(x) = sin x + ./3 cos x has maximum value at x = ~
6'
8. Show that the function/ defined by f(x ) = (x -1) ~ + 1 is an increasing function for all x > 0.
[CBSE 2020 (65/4/1)]
1
Short Answer Questions

9. Let 'a' be a real num~er such that the function J(x) = ax?- + 6x - 15, x e R is increasing in (-oo, : )
and decreasing in ( 4, 00 ) . Find the point where the function g(x) = ax2 - 6x + 15, xElR has local
maxima.

10. Find the intervals in which the function f(x) = 3x4 - 4x3 _ 12.x2 + 5 is
(a) strictly increasing (b) strictly decreasing. [CBSE Delhi 2014]
11. Prove that the semi-vertical angle of the right circular cone of given volume and least curved
1
surface area is cot- .fi. • [CBSE Delhi 2014]
u. Find all the points of local maxima and local minima of the function

f(x) = - !
x
4
- Bx
3
- ~ x2 + 105
■ Long Answer Questions
13. Find the dimensions of the rectangle of perimeter 36 cm which will sweep out a volume as large
as possible, when revolved about one of its side. Also, find the maximum volume.
[CBSE 2020 (65/411)]
14. Show that a right circular cylinder of the given volume open at the top has minimum total surface
area, provided its height is equal to the radius of the base. [CBSE (F) 2014]
15. The volume of a sphere is increasing at the rate of 3 cubic centimeter per second. Find the rate of
increase of its surface area, when the radius is 2 cm. [CBSE Delhi 2017)
16. Find the local maxima and local minima, of the function f(x) = sin x - cos x, 0 < x < 21t, Also find
the local maximum and local minimum values. [CBSE Delhi 2015)
17. Find the absolute maximum and absolute minimum values of the function f given by
f(x) = cos2 x + sin x, x e [O, 1t]. [CBSE Guwahati 2015)
18. Determine the intervals in which the function J(x) = x4- 8.x3 + '21.r- 24x + 21 is strictly increasing
or strictly decreasing. [CBSE (South) 2016)

19. A manufacturer can sell x items at a price of , ( 5 - ~) each. The cost price of x items is
1
' (f + 500). Find the number of items he should sell to earn maximum profit. [CBSE (AI) 2009)

20- A wire of length 34 mis to be cut into two pieces. One of the pieces is to be made into
a square
and the other into a rectangle whose length is twice its breadth. What should be the lengths of the
two pieces, so that the combined area of the square and the rectangle is minimum?
[CBSE (F) 2017)

Application of Derivatives 237

 21 Show that the rectangle o f maximum perimeter which can be inscribed in a circle of radius r is th
square of side r Ii . (CBSE Delhi 2011]e
22 Show that the rectang le of maximum area that can be inscribed in a circle is a square .
[CBS£ Delhi 2008, 20ll]

Answers
I. (z) (a) (ii) (c) (iiz) (a) (iv) (a) (v) (a) (vi) (b)
(viz) (c) (viiz) (a)
1
3. (- oo, -2) 4. a = 120 5. 68 units 9
-3 69)
2 c units ( 4'4
2 v' 7t: ·

10. (a) (-1, 0) u (2, oo) (b) (- oo, -1) u (0, 2) 12. Local maxima at 0, - 5; and local minima at -3

13. Length = 12 cm, breadth = 6 cm and maximum volume= 864n cm

3
15. 3 cm 2 /sec

l 6. Local maximum value = Ii, local minimum value = - Ii

17. A bsolute maximum value = ! at x = : and
5
6
,r , absolute minimum value= 1 a t x = 0, ; and rr

lb. (1, 2) u (3, oo); (- oo, 1) u (2, 3) 19. 240 items 20: 16 m , 18 m

Ill
 . ,

Questions for Practice . · : ~. \ ..

■ Objective Type Questions

1. Choose and write the correct option in each of the following questions.
9
(i) f : dx is equal to [NCERT Exemplar]
(4.x + 1) 6
5 5
1 )-
(a) fx 1 )-
( 4 + x2 +C (b) ; ( 4 + x 2 +C
5 5
1 )- 1 )-
(c) l~x ( x2 + 4 +C (d) 110 ( x2 + 4 + C
X
(ii) The integral of f Ixx+l dx is equal to

(a ) 2[ x f - ;+/r-logl(/r +l)l]+c (b) xf +~ -/r +log(/r+l) +C

(c) Ix - log (/x + 1) + C (d) None of these
(iii) f ex [f(x) + f' (x)]dx = ex sinx + C thenf(x) is equal to
(a) sin x (b) - sin x (c) cos x - sin x (d) sin x + cos x
a.fx
(iv) f Ix dx is
(a) a.fx log a+ C (b) 'hl.fx logea+ C (c) 'hl.fx log10 a+ C

288 lam idea Mathematics-XII

 ►

\
3
3cos(log x)
(r) -~ x dx is equal to

(a) sin (log 3) (b) cos (log 3) (c) 1 (d) 7t

4
-I
-1 tan x d: .
(m) .b ~ r is equa1to
l + .r
2 7t2
(a) 1 (b) ~ (c) 32 (d) none of these

Conceptual Questions
1

2.. Write the antiderivative of ( 3/ x + l ). [CBSE Delhi 2014]

2
3. If f(ax+ b) dx = J(x) + C, find f(x) . [CBSE (F) 20101

3x2
.t If J(eu + bx)dx = 4e4x +
2 , find the values of a and b. [ CBSE (AI) 2008]
dx
:,. Evaluate: Jsm. 2 xcos 2 x [CBSE (F) 2014]

1
6. Evaluate: Jcos- (sinx}dx [CBSE Delhi 2014]

dx
7. Evaluate: J~ [CBSE (AI) 2011]

dx
8. Write the value of JX 2 + 16 . [CBSE Delhi 2011]

I 9. If J3x2 dx = 8,
0
:r
write the value of 'a'. [CBSE (F) 2012, 2014]

10. If J(x) = Jt sin t dt, then write the value off' (x) . [CBSE (AI) 2014]
0
7£/ 4
11. Evaluate: J tan x dx [CBSE (F) 2014]
0
i
e2 d
ll. Evaluate: J - x_ [CBSE (AI) 2014]
e x 1ogx

I Very Short Answer Questions

13. Given Je:r (tan x + 1) sec x dx = e:rf(x) + C [ CBSE (AI) 2012]

Write J(x) satisfying the above.

14. If J( x ;i
1
)e:rdx = J(x)e:r + C, find the value of f(x) . [CBSE (F) 2012]

15. Find: J x dx [CBSE Bhubneshwar 2015]

1 + xtanx
(x + 3)e:r [CBSE Punchkula 2015]
16. Evaluate: J dx
(x + 5) 3

17, Evaluate: J cos/x

Ix dx
xsin-1 x ICBSE (AI) 2012, (F) 2016]
l8. Evaluate: J ~ dx
1-x

lntegr als 289

 1< Showthat (;n(Jtan .l +Jcot x c/x) = /21t. [CBS£ (Al) 20081

+ cosx)
11 4
2l' Evaluate: f ( sin .r
- -- - dx [CBSE (Ajmer) 2
3 + sin2x
0141
0
71
21 E,·aluate: J(J ( 5 Sin
. X + 3 COS X ) dx [CBSE Bl,ubneshwar 2
0151
o smx + COS X
11./2 sin l
2
22 faaluate: f . dx [CBSE Patna 20H]
0 2smx + 2cosr
:li 2
23. Evaluate: f et (sinx - cos x) dx [CBSE Delhi 201 41
0
s d
2-1 Write the value of the following integral -rc/ 2 sm x x • f n/ 2 .
[CBSE (AI) 20101

■ Short Answer Questions

ex
25. Find : f Je2x _ 4ex _ 5 dx [CBSE 2023 (65/3/2))

26. Ev aluate: Jx sin- 1 x dx [CBSE (AI) 2009; Chennai 2015)

dx
27. Evaluate: f [CBSE (AI) 2013]
x (x 5 + 3)
28. Evaluate: f x2 • cos- 1x dx [ CBSE (F) 2009I
dx
29. Evaluate: J ( 3 ) [CBSE (AI) 2013)
XX +8
3x+S
30. Evaluate: f Jx2 _Bx+ 7 dx [CBSE (F) 2011)

1- x 2
31. Evaluate: f x(I - 2x) dx [CBSE Delhi 2010, (F) 2013)
(x + 2)
32. Evaluate: f J(x _ 2)(x _ 3) dx [CBSE (AI) 2010)

33. Evaluate the following indefinite integral: fJ. 2 sin4> . d4> [CBSE Sample Paper 2016]
sm 4> + 2 cos 4> + 3
x2
34. Find: f X4 +x2 -2 dx [CBSE (Central) 2016]

x 2 +x+1
35. Find: f (x2 + l )(x + 2) dx (CBSE (North) 20161

. (x2+ I )(x2 +4)

36. Fmd: f (X 2 +3 )( X2 -5 ) dx [CBSE (F) 2016]

2x2+3
37. Evaluate: f x2 +Sx+ 6 dx [CBSE (F) 2013I

38. Evaluate: Je2x.sin(3x+l)dx [CBSE(F)2015]

1-cosx
39. Evaluate: f ( ) dx [CBSE Chennai 20151
COS X 1 + COS X

sin 2x
40. Find: f (sin2 x + 1)( sin2 x + 3 / x [CBSE 2019 (65/J/1)]

290 /Jrn idea Mnlhcrnatics-XII

,......

,,r
Evaluate: f (/ cotx + J tan x)dx
41
n X
fCBS£ (Al) 2014; Pntna 20151
-17, Evaluate: J1 + sinx dx [CBS£ Dr/1,i 2010 )
4

43
Evaluate: J(I x I+ I x - 2 I+ I x - 4 I)dx
0 ICBSE Defir/ 201JI
n xsinx
44, Evaluate: O
J 1 + 3 COS2 X dx [CBSE (East) 20'161

45, Evaluate the following definite integral: [CBS£ Sample Paper 20161
n 2x(1 + sinx)

-n
f -1 -- 2
+ cos x
-dx
2
7f./ 2.r( 1-sinl.t )
46.
Evaluate: J
-• 12
e 1 _ cos 2x dx fCBS£ G11wal1ati 20151

4''. Evaluate: -0rn/2 1og sm

. x dx

1
Long Answer Questions
sinx - xcosx
•0
'W ,
Evaluate: J x (x + smx
. ) dx [CBSE Ajmer 20151
1
49. Find: J dx
4
x(x - 1)
rc/2
so. Evaluate: J log(sin x) dx
0
n /3 dx
51. Evaluate: J
rc/
.footx
1 + cotx
[CBSE Dellii 2014)
6

1f./ 4 dx
52. Find: f
O
3
COS X
j
2sin2x
[CBSE Allahabad 2015)

Answers
1. (i) (d) (i,) (a) (iii) (a) (iv) (d) (v) (a) (vi) (c)

(ax+ bf
2. 2x312 + 2.fx + C 3. 4. a can't be determined, b = 3
3a
2
5. tan x - l / tan x + C 6. 1CX - 2X + C 7. sm
. -1 x + C 8· .!..t -1 ~ + C
4 an 4
2
1 13. f(x) = sec x
12. log 2
9. a= 2 10. X sin X 11.
2 Iog2
1 16. eX. 1 +C 17. 2sin/x + C
14. f (x) = - 15. log Icos x + x sin x I+C (x+S) 2
X
7t
1 21. 21t 22. 4 23. 1
18. x -/l-x2sin-1x+ C 20.
4 1og3

26· -x2 sin-1 x- .!_sin-1 x + !_/1- x2 + C

2 4 4
3
xJ
28. 3cos-1 x - 1)1 - x2 + !(1- x2)3/ 2 + C 29. 1 log
24
Ix3x+ 8 I+ C
3 9
Integrals 291
 2
30. 3/x - 8x +7+17 log I (x-4)+/x2 -8x+7 l+C
31. ~x+log Ix 1-!log I2x- 1 l+C 32. /x2 -Sx+6+ ~logl(x- ~ ) + ~J+c
cos q> - 1 )
33. -sm
. -1 (
/5 +C 34. 3
Ii tan-1Ii
( ~ )6log
+ 1 -1~/+
x+1 c

3 1 1
35. slog I x+2 l+slog I x 2 +1 l+5tan-1x+C

36. ~ (10 - 4x - 3x2)312 + 2 11 (x ~ 2 1 1

+ )/10 - 4x - 3x + ; sin- [ k (x + ~)] + C

37. 2x + 11 log Ix+ 2 I -21 log Ix+ 3 I+ C

2eh . sin (3x + 1) 3e2x. cos (3x + 1) C X
38· 39. logl sec x+ tanxl-2tan
13 - 13 + 2 +c
40. ~ log(sin2x + 1)- ~ log (sin2x + 3) + C 41. Ii sin-1 (sinx - cos x) + C
/37!2 err./2 7!
42. rr. 43. 20 44. 45. 1? 46. -2- 47. -
9 2 Iog 2
48. log Ix I- log Ix + sin x I+ C [Hmt: Wnte
. . Jsinx - xcosx J(x + sinx) - x(l + cosx)
( . ) dx = . dx]
x x+smx x(x+smx)
1 x 4 -1 rr. rr.
49. Iog x 4 + C 50. - Iog2 51.
4 2 12
6 . irr./4
52. s;Hint:
dx
cos3xl2sin2x
1 krr./4
=2
dx
cos3x/sinx .cos2x
1
=2
r/2 dx
cos4x l tanx . Thenputtanx=t
cosx

111
 ~ .
,:, ,. 'f't nP 0 1 P •!

, ot
(hoose and write the correct option in each of the folJowing questions.
(i) The area bounded by the curve Y =x Ix I, x-axis and the ordinates x =- 1 and x = 1 is given
by
(a) Osq. units (b) 1sq. unit (c) ~ sq. unit (d) ! sq. units

(iz) The area bounded by the curve y = Isin x I, x-axis and ordinates x =n and x = 101t is equal to

(a) 8 sq. units (b) 10 sq. units (c) 18 sq. units (d) 20 sq. units

(iii) The area of the region bounded by the parabola y2 = x and the straight line 2y =xis

(a)
4
3
.
sq. uruts (b) 1 sq. unit (c) ~ sq. unit (d) 1 sq. unit

(iv) The area of the region enclosed by the parabola x2 =y and the line y =x + 2 is

(a) 9 sq. uru'ts (b) 4 sq. units (c) 2 sq. units (d) None of these
I: 2
·,! (v) Area lying in the first quadrant and bounded by the circle x2 + y2 = 4 and the lines x =
0 and

I l x=2is

(a) " sq. units

•I 1 \'en•Short Answer Quec;tions

(b) ; sq. units (c) ; sq. units (d) ~ sq. units

' 2. Find the area bounded by the curve y =x2, x =2, x =3 and x-axis.

.I
I
3. Calculate the area under the curve y =2/x included between the lines x =0 and x =1.
I
' t Find the area under the curve y =Ix - 1 between the lines x =1 and x =5.

! ■ Long Answer Question s

I 5. Find the area bounded by the lines y = 4x + 5, y = 5 - x and 4y = x + 5. [NCERT Exemplar]

I 6. Find the area bounded by the curve x2 = 4y and the straight line x = 4y - 2.
[CBSE Dellii 2010, 2013]

7 Using integratio n, find the area of the region {(x, y)I: 9x2 + y2 ~ 36 and 3x + y ~ 6. [CBSE (F) 2009]

3. Find the area of the region {(x, y): x2 .S: y ~ x) .

J Find the area of the region bounded by the curve !

2
y = x and the line 3x - 2y + 12 = 0.
10· Using integratio n, find the area of the triangle ABC, where A is (2, 3), Bis (4, 7) and C is (6, 2).

1J Make a rough sketch of the region given below and find its area, using integratio n:
l(x, y): 0 ~ y _s; x2 + 3; 0 _s; y ~ 2x + 3, 0 < x .s: 3}
12
Using integratio n, find the area of the triangle ABC, whose vertices have coordinat es

A (2, 0), B (4, 5) and C (6, 3). [CBSE (F) 2012J

/\pplic,1 ti o11 01 l11 te9ruls 315