Sample Problem:

1. A fan draws 1.42 m3 per second of air at a static pressure of 2.54 cm

of water through a duct 300 mm diameter and discharges it through a
duct of 275 mm diameter. Determine the static fan efficiency if total
fan mechanical is 70% and air is measured at 25 0C and 760 mmHg.
Given:
>
˛
Q = 1.42
hw = 2.54 cm

¸
d = 300
mm d =
275 mm ξm
= 70%
T = 25 0C
P = 760 mmHg

Required:
ξs = ?

Solution:

 0Rpt
 0 (0.:8xı0kkı.3,:r;)(:;+:x3)k
np ˛ 
 0ı.ı8ex:xe;ı n
ℍ¸ 0ℍ ,
• Solving for Static Head:

¸ℍ 0(:.;eı˛ .ı8¸ex1o:1ox˛ e˛;)ı( k0 00˛k>)

ℍ¸ 0:ı.e39;30::˛ ˛ >
•


v¸0a 0 ˛ ı.e: ¸ )
Solving for Vs and V d:

˛ >
¸ a(300˛˛¸ 1˛
1ooo˛˛ 
˛
¸v 0:0.088890;9,
 
v 0 A 0 ˛ ı.e: ¸ )
˛ >
 a(:x;˛˛¸ 1ooo˛˛
1˛ 

Solving for v0:3.90xee00; , ˛

ℍ¸
•

h:

0v : (_)v
 ¸
(:3.90xee00; ) _(:0.088890;9 )
˛ ˛ 
ℍ0 :(9.8ı
¸ ¸2)
ℍ¸ ℍ0ℍ
08.¸;¸6:80ıee˛
¸ +ℍ ¸

:ı.eℍ3093;03.00:0::+383.ı;666:˛80ıee˛
Solving for

ℍ0
•

η T : ,t 0ƘBpℍ
((ı.ı8ex:xe;ı˛
Bp00.x0x3exBe k>)(9.
0.x00
 ¸
, 00 .
,¸ 0 ((ı.ı8ex:xe;ı˛; 00 : ı 6 8 : 3 ¸ı00
¸ 0 ; 0 .0 : ı x % k>)(9.8
,0.x0x3exeı;;
¸
n
Sample problem:

A fan delivers 4.7 m3/s at a static pressure of 5.08 cm of water when

operating at a speed of 400 rpm. The power input required is 2.963 kW. If
7.05 m3/s are desired in the same fan and installation, find the pressure in cm
of
water.
Given:
Q1 = 4.7 m3/s

h1 = 5.08 cm of water

N1 = 400 rpm

Pi = 2.963 kW

Q2 = 7.05 m3/s

Required:

h2= ?

Solution:

• Solving for
N2:

1 0  1
 v
e.x e00
0 v˛¸ , ˛ >
x.0;
v0600 ,˛˛¸> 
1 0( 1)
ℍ v
• Solving for
h2:

;.08˛˛ e0 0,˛ 
ℍ 0ℍı.e03˛(6˛0 0,  ˛)
o f w ta re
PROBLEM:

A blower operating at 1500 rpm compresses air from 68¹F and 14.7
psia to 10 psig. The desired flow is 1350 cfm and at this point, brake
horsepower is 80 hp. Determine the over-all blower efficiency at design point
if

k=1.3395.

GIVEN:

N= 1500 rpm

T1= 68¹F

P1= 14.7 psia

P2= 10

psig v=

1350cfm

BP= 80 hp

k=

1.3395

REQUIRED:

Overall blower efficiency, ł

SOLUTION:

w0e8
Solving for work using isentropic compression

w0 n_n ı(p1v1)
w0 ı.339; 1
lb̧ı:!˛ı3;0 . 0 : 9 ı 0
)(ıe.x 
,x

( ) [(
ı.339;[_(ı0  ,ı!e; x ℍ .x
w0:6eı6.0ı08ı
lb_ ,x¸ ıℍta_ ,v
Sol
vin
g

, ;0 ¸
for
ove
rall
blo
wer
effi
ciency

ı¸ ˛!˛)¸
60,
 BrP0 w
ł


w
 0 BrP ¸ı00%
ł

 0e80.6:089.0ℍı 306;3x8ℍ8:×%ı0%
ł
PROBLEM:

A 50 kW motor is used to drive a fan that has a total head of 110 m. If

fan efficiency is 70%, what is the maximum capacity of the fan?

GIVEN:

BP= 50
kW HT=
110m

Ōf= 70%

REQUIRED:

Maximum capacity of the fan, Q

SOLUTION:

TAP
For the total air power,
TAP

TAPł 00(łB,)P(BP)
,
(0.x03;nw
TAP0TAP 0)(;0nw)

T AP 0   r
Using the density of a ri at 21. 2 °C ,

T

2 0 
= 1.2 0 029845 kg/m3

0 kTArP T
0:x.0:
ı .
0 ˛ ˛: 0 00: 9 8e; 3;0> 00w
(9.8ı ¸ 2) 80:e;e ˛
 
, (ıı0˛)
A fan described in a manufacturer's table is rated to deliver 500 m3/min at a

6;ℏ
static pressure (gage) of 254 cm when running at 250 rpm and requiring 3.6

:ı ℏ
kW. If the fan speed i s changed to 305 rpm and air handled were at
instead of standard , find the power in kW.

Given:

r 1
0:3;00;,p`
t1 0:ıℏ
t06;ℏ
Required:

p
Solution :

1 0( 1)  :ıℏ
At 305 rpm and ;

p3 .6lw r :;0,p`
0(
p 30;,p` )
p06.;3x0;:8lw
6;ℏ
At

0p
305 rpm and ;

p
p 10Zpt,Rt 1

10 1 
вp  0T1
p

p
6.;3x0 ; :8LW0 6 ;
p  : ı +:x3K
p0;.6860x;;ı:LW
The volume of flow of air delivered by fan is 20 m3/sec and 180 mm water
gage. The density of air is 1.185 kg/m3 and the motor power needed to drive
the fan is 44 kW. What is the efficiency?

10ı80 ``
Given:

0 2 0 m3/sec

mp00ı.eıe8;LWLn,`
p

,)
Required:

Fan efficiency (

ℍ¸ 00.ı8`(1.18эl,>
1oool , >
Solution:
  )

ℍ¸ 0ı;ı.898x3e:`

Solving for Air Power;

a:, pgwk,0,q1 `,

a:,ppgwwkk,03(;ı.3ı8ı;6LWn,` ×0.0098ı×:00

× ı;ı.898x3e:`)
,0 m3ag:t,gıp,6gpwgwk,
,0 ;e.3elwlw
,00.80:6363636 ×ı00%
,080.:6363636%
A fan whose static efficiency is 40% has a capacity of 60,000 ft3/hr at 60°F
and barometer of 30 in Hg and gives a static pressure of 2 in of water
column on full delivery. What size of electric motor should be used to drive
the fan?

¸0e0%
Given:

060,000 , x 
T 060◦f
ℍ ,
Pℍ 00:!3˛0!
v˛
˛rr
Required:

Solution:

ℍ Ƙ
ℍ¸ 0 Ƙ  1 , v

(:!˛¸ 1  ! ˛) ¸ℍ 0 Ƙ
(6:.e 
t a> )
,v
ı0.ℍ¸ e0 t a2
, v
Ƙ
A!,P, 0 Ƙℍ
,v>1n 1o.alvь2
A!,P, 0
A!,P, 00.3ı;ı;ı;ı;:ℍ
Ƙ(60,000 n,o)1o
Tℍ
, , , , , ıℍ˛x,(,x˛, )
Air is flowing in a duct with velocity of 7.62 m/s and static pressure of 2.16
cm of water gauge. The duct diameter is 1.22 m, the barometric pressure
99.4 kPa and the gage fluid temperature and air temperature are 30°C.
What is the total pressure against which the fan will operate in cm of water?

0x.6: ˛,
Given:

ℍ 0:.ı6˛˛
0ı.::˛
Pv˛ 099.enP
T 030◦c

ℍ
R equire

d:

 
Solution:

ℍ¸ 0 :  ˛ 
ℍ¸ 0 ( x . 6 : ¸ )
:(9.8ı ¸˛2)
¸ℍ 0:.9;9ee9;eı˛
Ƙ0Rpt
k , )(30+:x3K)
Ƙ0(0.:8x k99.enp
r
›Ƙ0l¸ı!.˛ıe3,0e,ıxℍı3 ¸˛nl ˛!x¸ℍʉ!˛
 x,˛,,˛˛, x,
ℍ¸ ı.0:ıe.30eı9;9ee9;ı 3 e3ı ˛
( k k>
ı000 ˛> ) ˛
ℍℍ¸ 00.03.338:38:xxx:x:;; 88¸ı˛˛0_,˛
, xx, ,
¸
ℍ0ℍ ¸ +ℍ ¸
ℍ0:.ıe968˛:˛x +:0;6.33˛8˛:x,x:;;x8,˛
1. Air enters a fan through a duct at a velocity of 6.3 m/s and an inlet

static pressure of 2.5 cm of water less than atmospheric pressure.

The air leaves the fan through duct at a velocity of 11.25 m/s and a

discharge static pressure of 7.62 cm of water above the atmospheric

pressure. If the specific weight of the air is 1.20 kg/m3 and the fan

delivers 9.45 m3/sec, what is the fan efficiency when the power input to

the fan is 13.75 kW at the coupling?

GIVEN:

¸¸ 06.3 , ˛
¸ 0ıı.:; ˛,

¸ℍ
ℍ0:.; ˛˛0ıı.:; ˛˛
0ı.:0 n
˛
˛
09.e; ,
REQUIRED:

Fan Efficiency

ℍ0ℍ ¸ +ℍ ¸
SOLUTION:

ℍ0( P  _ P ¸ )+( ¸  _ ¸¸

)
0. 0 x6: ˛ _ ( _ 0.
ℍ0[ ı.: 0 k> ](ı000)+[ 0 : ; ˛) ( ı :
. : ;
 ˛
¸ ) 
_( 6. 3 ˛
¸ ) 
]
˛ :(9.8ı ¸2)
˛

ℍ 0 8 8 . x6 0ı 8;
A6 3,! ˛   , 0 
ℍ
n 
A!,, 0(ı.:0 ˛  ¸ 0.0098ı)(9.e; , ) ˛ 
(88.x6ı08;63˛)
A!,, 09.8xe:6:ex;nw
A!,,
ff˛ c,˛,c!˛iv,!,ı3!˛.x˛;˛n!w
¸˛0˛¸90.8xe:6P: ex;nw f˛
c,,!˛!˛˛¸0xı.8ı:8ı8%
2. A fan is listed as having the following performance with standard air:

Volume Discharge - 120 m3/s

Speed ‟ 7 rps

Static Pressure ‟ 310 mm water

gage Brake Power Required ‟ 620

kW

The system duct will remain the same and the fan will discharge the same volume of

120 m3/s of air at 93oC and a barometric pressure of 735 mm Hg when its speed is 7

rps. Find the brake power input and the static pressure required.

REQUIRED:

Brake power input

Static pressure

SOLUTION:

For standard air, 0ı.: ˛ k>

Solving for the density at 93oC and 735 mm Hg

x3;0RTP ˛˛ r (1 о 1 .  э k  )
0.0:8kx , х d(93+:x3
о˛˛ k 
)
k_r
00.93:883e:;6 n
˛


  !
Using Fan Laws:
 B,n,!˛x0( k 0. 9 3: 8 83e : ; 6 ˛ > )(6:0nw)
ı.:0 ˛>
B,n,!˛x0e8ı.989x699nw
›xx!˛, , , 0(0.9!,3:)(›8x83ex!˛ : ;6 ˛k, ,>, )
›xx!˛, , , 0( k  )(3ı0˛˛)
ı.:0 ˛>
›xx!˛, , , 0:e0.99e88e9˛˛
At 1.2 kg/m3 air density, a fan develops a brake power of 100kW. If it operates at

98Kpa and 32oC with the same speed, what is the new brake power of the fan?

Given: w1=1.2 kg/m3

BP1=100kW

P=98Kpa

T=32oC

Required: BP2

Solution:

Solving for the new air density,

P 98Kpa
w2  

RT (0.287 kJ / kg - K) (32 +
273)K
w  1.1195kg / m3
2
Solving for the new brake power of the fan,
 BP2 
w2
BP1 w1
BP2 3


1.1195kg / m
100kW 3
1.2kg / m
BP2  93.29kW

A fan has a suction pressure of 30mm water vacuum with air velocity of 3m/sec. The

discharge has 150mm of water gage and discharge velocity of 7m/sec. Determine the

total head of fan if air density is 1.2 kg/m 3.

Given: hw1= 30mm =

.03m vs= 3m/sec

hw2= 150mm = .15m

vd= 7m/sec

da= 1.2 kg/m3

Required: Total head of fan

Solution:

Solving for static head,

hs  (hw2 hw1 )dw

da
(0.15m ( 0.03m))1000kg / m3
 

hs 

1.2kg / m3
hs  150m
 2 2
νd νs
hν


2g


(7m / sec)2 (3m / sec) 2



hν 

2(9.81m / sec2 )
hν  2.038m

Solving for the total head of fan,

f  f + f
s v

f  150` + 2.038`

f  152.038`

1. A certain fan delivers 340 m3/min of air at a static pressure of 25.4 mm of water

gage when operating at a speed of 400 rpm and requires an input of 3 kW. If in

the

same installation 425 m3/min of air are desired, what will be the new static

pressure in terms of mm of water and Fan power required?

Given:

q1103e0`0:,`;.:em``,nenk
,1(,)
rbp 100e300LW,p`
1
q0e:;`,`:m
Required:
1,(,) emdвp
Solution:

a.)
,(,)
From
sgı v :m n rg , 1
F a n L a w s for Variable Motor Speed, Constant fan size and air density

1 0 1 emd 1 0( 1 )
  
q,gwk¸em,r kw,:tk1:te, r  0(  )
11 q1
1,(,) q 
 (q 1 ) 
1,1(,)0( e: ; `,`:m)
:;.e`` 3e0`,`:m

1¸2(sgıtv,:m)n0rg,9в.6p8sc,
b. )

From Fan Laws for Variable Motor Speed, Constant fan size and air density

1 0 1 emd 1 0( 1 )
  
r kw,вp:tk:te,r,  0(  )
q,gwk¸em,
вp1 q 1
в3 LPW 0(3ee:0;`,`:m)
bP20c.8c9sclw
Sample Problem:

1. Find the air horsepower of an industrial fan that delivers  of air through

900˛˛
ı.ı8 ı:00˛˛ by outlet. Static Pressure is
ı:x˛˛ :; ˛ ,
of water g a ge an d air

n,˛ 0:;˛,,
density is

.
Given:

A 00.9˛¸ ı.:˛
P¸ 0ı:x˛˛

0
Require
ı. ı 8 n  , ˛
d : A i r P o w

e r ni Hp

Solution:

¸0a ;
¸0 о.9˛э˛¸>1,.¸˛
¸0:3.ıe8ıe8ı; ˛,,
ℍ¸ 0 
¸ 2
; ℍ¸ 0  (9 . 8 1 ˛ , ¸ 2)
(.1 а 8 1 а 8 1 э ˛ ,¸) 2

ℍ¸ 0:x.3ı0xe::e˛
n>n˛>
¸ℍ 00.ı:x˛ (1о.1о8о )
ℍ¸
;

ℍ 0ı0x.6:xı 86˛
0ℍ ( ) ¸
  ¸

ℍ0ℍ ¸ + ℍ¸ ; ℍ0ı0x.6:xıı86˛+
 :x.3ı0xe::e˛ ℍ0ı3e.93x8609˛
A!,P,0 6ℍ
 A!,P,0(ı.ı8 )(0.0098ı)(:; )(ı3e.93x8609˛)
k˛ ˛¸ >
A!,P,039.0;03e::6 Kw¸ o.хadr (
a!,p
1n ) ,0c2.a6o29
2. The total head of fan is ::;˛ and has a static pressure of :;0˛˛ of water

gage,

ℍ0::;˛
?

Given:
what is the velocity of air flowing if density
of air is
ı.ı;n,˛ 

P¸ 0:;0˛˛
 0 ı .ı ; n ,˛
Require d

: V e ol c ti y

Solution:

ℍ¸ 0ℍ(¸)
n >
ℍ¸ 00.:;˛ 1.1(эn˛ ˛ )
1ooo 
>
ℍ¸ 0:ıx.39ı30e3˛
ℍ0ℍ ¸ + ℍ¸
::;0:ıx.39ı30e3˛+ ℍ¸
ℍ¸ 0x.60869;x˛
¸ℍ 0¸2
¸2
012.2181262s /