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Chapter 2 Minimal

This document discusses quadratic polynomials and their properties. It defines quadratic polynomials, gives their general form, and discusses the relationships between the coefficients and zeroes of quadratic polynomials. It provides example problems and solutions for finding quadratic polynomials based on given properties of their zeroes. It also provides multiple choice practice questions related to properties of quadratic polynomials.

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76 views4 pages

Chapter 2 Minimal

This document discusses quadratic polynomials and their properties. It defines quadratic polynomials, gives their general form, and discusses the relationships between the coefficients and zeroes of quadratic polynomials. It provides example problems and solutions for finding quadratic polynomials based on given properties of their zeroes. It also provides multiple choice practice questions related to properties of quadratic polynomials.

Uploaded by

hackerboy99356
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER – 2

POLYNOMIALS
QUADRATIC POLYNOMIAL
Relationship between zeroes and coefficients
General form of Quadratic polynomial: ax2 + bx + c, a ≠ 0
Coefficient of x b
Sum of zeroes (   )   2
= 
Coefficient of x a
Constant term c
Product of zeroes ( )  =
Coefficient of x 2 a

IMPORTANT QUESTIONS
Find a quadratic polynomial, the sum and product of whose zeroes are – 3 and 2, respectively.
Solution: Here, α + β = – 3 and αβ = 2
We know that quadratic polynomial is given by p(x) = x2 – (α + β)x + αβ
= x2 – (–3)x + 2 = x2 + 3x + 2
Hence, required quadratic polynomial is x2 + 3x + 2

Find a quadratic polynomial, whose zeroes are – 3 and 2.


Solution: Here, α = – 3 and β = 2.
Now, α + β = – 3 + 2 = – 1 and αβ = (– 3)(2) = – 6
We know that quadratic polynomial is given by p(x) = x2 – (α + β)x + αβ
= x2 – (–1)x + (– 6) = x2 + x – 6
Hence, required quadratic polynomial is x2 + x – 6

Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x2 – 2x – 8 and verify the relationship between the
zeroes and the coefficients.
Solution: Here, p(x) = x2 – 2x – 8 = 0
x2 – 4x + 2x – 8 = 0  x(x – 4) + 2(x – 4) = 0  (x – 4)(x + 2) = 0
 x = 4, –2
Now, a = 1, b = –2, c = –8,  = 4,  = –2
b (2) b
Sum of zeroes,     4  (2)  2 and  2    
a 1 a
c 8 c
Product of zeroes,   4(2)  8 and   8   .
a 1 a
Hence verified.

Questions for practice


1. Find a quadratic polynomial, the sum and product of whose zeroes are – 5 and 3, respectively.
2. Find a quadratic polynomial, whose zeroes are – 4 and 1, respectively.
3
3. Find a quadratic polynomial, the sum and product of whose zeroes are 2 and  ,
2
respectively. Also find its zeroes.
4. For each of the following, find a quadratic polynomial whose sum and product respectively of
the zeroes are as given. Also find the zeroes of these polynomials by factorisation.
8 4 21 5 3 1
(i ) , (ii ) , (iii)  2 3, 9 (iv) ,
3 3 8 16 2 5 2
2
5. Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x + 7x + 10, and verify the relationship between the
zeroes and the coefficients.
6. Find the zeroes of the polynomial x2 – 3 and verify the relationship between the zeroes and the
coefficients.
7. Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 6x2 – 3 – 7x and verify the relationship between the
zeroes and the coefficients.
8. Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 3x2 – x – 4 and verify the relationship between the
zeroes and the coefficients.
1
9. Find the zeroes of the polynomial x2 + x – 2, and verify the relation between the coefficients
6
and the zeroes of the polynomial.
10. Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 4x2 – 4x + 1 and verify the relationship between the
zeroes and the coefficients.
11. If  and  are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial f(x) = x2 – 3x – 2, then find a quadratic
1 1
polynomial whose zeroes are and .
2   2  
12. If  and  are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial f(x) = 2x2 – 5x + 7, then find a quadratic
polynomial whose zeroes are 2  3 and 2  3 .
13. If  and  are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial f(x) = x2 – 1, then find a quadratic
2 2
polynomial whose zeroes are and .
 
14. If  and  are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial f(x) = x2 – 2x + 3, then find a quadratic
polynomial whose zeroes are   2 and   2
15. If  and  are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial f(x) = x2 – 2x + 3, then find a quadratic
 1  1
polynomial whose zeroes are and .
 1  1
16. If  and  are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial f(x) = 2x2 + 5x + k such that
21
 2   2    , find the value of k.
4
17. If  and  are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial f(x) = kx2 + 4x + 4 such that  2   2  24 ,
find the value of k.
18. If  and  are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial f(x) = 4x2 – 5x – 1, then find the value of
(i)   (ii) 2   2 (iii) 4   4 (iv) 2   2 
1 1 1 1 1 1
(v )  (vi )    (vii )  (viii) 3   3
     
  2 2   1 1 
(ix)  ( x)    2 
( xi)   3
        
1 1 2 2
( xii ) 4  3   3  4 ( xiii)   2 ( xiv) 2  2
   
MCQ QUESTIONS (1 mark)

1. The value of k for which (–4) is a zero of the polynomial x2 – x – (2k +2) is
(a) 3 (b) 9 (c) 6 (d) –1

2. If the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial ax2 + bx + c, c  0 are equal,


then
(a) c and a have opposite sign (b) c and b have opposite sign
(c) c and a have the same sign (d) c and b have the same sign

3. The number of zeroes of the polynomial from the graph is


(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3

4. If one of the zero of the quadratic polynomial x2 +3x + k is 2, then the value of k is
(a) 10 (b) –10 (c) 5 (d) –5

5. A quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are –3 and 4 is


(a) x2 – x +12 (b) x2 +x + 12 (c) 2x2 + 2x – 24. (d) none of the above.

6. If the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x2 + (a + 1) x + b are 2 and –3, then


(a) a = –7, b = –1 (b) a = 5, b = –1 (c) a = 2, b = – 6 (d) a = 0, b = – 6

7. The number of polynomials having zeroes as –2 and 5 is


(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) more than 3

8. Given that one of the zeroes of the cubic polynomial ax3 + bx2 + cx + d is zero, the product
of the other two zeroes is
c c b
(a)  (b) (c) 0 (d) 
a a a

9. If one of the zeroes of the cubic polynomial x3 + ax2 + bx + c is –1, then the product of the
other two zeroes is
(a) b – a + 1 (b) b – a – 1 (c) a – b + 1 (d) a – b –1

10. The relationship between the zeroes and coefficients of the quadratic polynomial ax2 + bx + c
is
c b c b
(a)  +  = (b)  +  = (c)  +  = (d)  +  =
a a a a

11. The zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x2 + 99x + 127 are


(a) both positive (b) both negative (c) one positive and one negative (d) both equal

12. The zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x2 + kx + k, k ≠ 0,


(a) cannot both be positive (b) cannot both be negative
(c) are always unequal (d) are always equal

13. If the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial ax2 + bx + c, c ≠ 0 are equal, then
(a) c and a have opposite signs (b) c and b have opposite signs
(c) c and a have the same sign (d) c and b have the same sign

14. If one of the zeroes of a quadratic polynomial of the form x2+ax + b is the negative of the
other, then it
(a) has no linear term and the constant term is negative.
(b) has no linear term and the constant term is positive.
(c) can have a linear term but the constant term is negative.
(d) can have a linear term but the constant term is positive.

15. The zeroes of the polynomial x2 + 7x + 10 are


(a) 2 and 5 (b) –2 and 5 (c) –2 and –5 (d) 2 and –5

16. The relationship between the zeroes and coefficients of the quadratic polynomial ax2 + bx + c
c b c b
is (a) . = (b)  . = (c)  . = (d)  . =
a a a a

17. The zeroes of the polynomial x2 – 3 are


(a) 2 and 5 (b) –2 and 5 (c) –2 and –5 (d) none of the above

18. A quadratic polynomial whose sum and product of zeroes are –3 and 2 is
(a) x2 – 3x +2 (b) x2 + 3x + 2 (c) x2 + 2x – 3. (d) x2 + 2x + 3.

19. If one of the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial (k–1) x2 + k x + 1 is –3, then the value of k is
4 4 2 2
(a) (b)  (c) (d) 
3 3 3 3

20. The zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x2 + kx + k, k  0 ,


(a) cannot both be positive (b) cannot both be negative
(c) are always unequal (d) are always equal

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