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    Basic Analytical Chemistry

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    vstxlla
    The document provides an introduction to analytical chemistry including defining analytical chemistry, qualitative vs quantitative analysis, the role of analytical chemistry, important chemical concepts, errors and precision vs accuracy in chemical analyses, and classifying quantitative analytical methods.

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    Basic Analytical Chemistry

    Uploaded by

    vstxlla
    14 views11 pages
    The document provides an introduction to analytical chemistry including defining analytical chemistry, qualitative vs quantitative analysis, the role of analytical chemistry, important chemical concepts, errors and precision vs accuracy in chemical analyses, and classifying quantitative analytical methods.

    Original Title

    2. Basic Analytical Chemistry

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    The document provides an introduction to analytical chemistry including defining analytical chemistry, qualitative vs quantitative analysis, the role of analytical chemistry, important chemical concepts, errors and precision vs accuracy in chemical analyses, and classifying quantitative analytical methods.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    14 views11 pages

    Basic Analytical Chemistry

    Uploaded by

    vstxlla
    The document provides an introduction to analytical chemistry including defining analytical chemistry, qualitative vs quantitative analysis, the role of analytical chemistry, important chemical concepts, errors and precision vs accuracy in chemical analyses, and classifying quantitative analytical methods.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 11

    INTRODUCTION

    TO
    ANALYTICAL
    CHEMISTRY

    1-1
    WHAT IS Analytical chemistry is a measurement
    science consisting of a set of powerful
    ANALYTICAL ideas and methods that are useful in
    CHEMISTRY? all fields of science and medicine.

    1-2
    QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS VS.
    QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS

    Qualitative Quantitative
    analysis analysis
    reveals the indicates the
    identity of amount of
    the elements each
    and substance in a
    compounds in sample.
    a sample.

    1-3
    • Analytical chemistry is applied
    throughout industry, medicine, and
    all the sciences.

    • Quantitative analytical
    measurements also play a vital
    THE ROLE OF role in chemistry, biochemistry,
    ANALYTICAL biology, geology, physics, and the
    other sciences.
    CHEMISTRY
    • Many scientists devote much time in
    the laboratory gathering
    quantitative information about
    systems that are important and
    interesting to them.

    1-4
    THE ROLE OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY

    1-5
    IMPORTANT CHEMICAL
    CONCEPTS
    1-6
    ERRORS, RANDOM ERRORS, AND
    STATISTICAL
    DATA IN CHEMICAL ANALYSES
    Impossible: The analytical results are free of
    errors or uncertainties.
    Possible: Minimize these errors and estimate their
    size with acceptable accuracy.
    Statistical calculations for use to judge the quality
    of experimental measurements are many.

    3-7
    PRECISION VS. ACCURACY
    Precision describes the reproducibility of
    measurements; the closeness of results to each
    other.
    Precision is determined by repeating the
    measurement on replicate samples.
    Accuracy indicates the closeness of the
    measurement to its true or accepted value and is
    expressed by the error.

    3-8
    Accuracy measures
    agreement between a
    FIGURE 2 result and its true value.
    Precision describes the
    agreement among
    several results that have
    been obtained in the
    same way.

    Figure 2. Illustration of accuracy and precision using the pattern of darts on a


    dartboard 3-9
    CLASSIFYING QUANTITATIVE
    ANALYTICAL METHODS
    We classify analytical methods according
    to the nature of this final measurement.
    1. Gravimetric methods determine the mass of the
    analyte or some compound chemically related to it.

    2. Volumetric method determines the volume of a


    solution containing sufficient reagent to react
    completely with the analyte.

    1-10
    CLASSIFYING QUANTITATIVE
    ANALYTICAL METHODS (CONT.)

    3. Electroanalytical methods involve the 4. Spectroscopic methods are based on


    measurement of such electrical properties as measurement of the interaction between
    voltage, current, resistance, and quantity of electromagnetic radiation and analyte atoms
    electrical charge. or molecules or on the production of such
    radiation by analytes.

    1-11

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