Republic of the Philippines

NORTHERN ILOILO STATE UNIVERSITY

Main Campus, Estancia, Iloilo

MODULE
IN
PED 102
(THE TEACHING PROFESSION)

Prepared by:

DR. GILDA E. DEGUMA

First Semester 2022-2023
for
(BSEd II-B, BSEd II-C, BSEd II-D)

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 INTRODUCTION TO THE LEARNERS

Hello future teachers! One of the basic skills that you have to master as future
teacher is the knowledge of the importance of your roles as teachers in the community.

Course Description: This subject prepares you, Teacher Education students, to develop and
enhance your global skills and perspectives in your teaching approaches being key players in
ensuring high quality education, skills and career preparedness for all young people. This also
provides you, being future teachers, a walkthrough of the process of OBE which will better
equip you with teaching designs, learning activities and varied forms of assessment for your
global learners.

Time Frame: 1.5 hours

Pre-requisite:

Program Objectives (CMO 74, Series of 2017

In consonance with the mission statement of the Teacher Education Department,

its Bachelor in Secondary Education (BSED) and Bachelor in Elementary Education
(BEED) programs are designed to:

1. Provide quality instruction to produce teachers with sufficient knowledge and

skills necessary for immediate and gainful employment and to make them
competent professionals;
2. Expose students to varied learning activities and experiences that will enhance
their critical thinking so that they will be able to do their work well;
3. Involve students in research, extension, and production activities that will make
them knowledgeable, useful and productive citizens;
4. Instill in students values to make them better persons.

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 MODULE 1 LESSON 1:
THE TEACHING PROFESSION

 INTRODUCTION:

This lesson dwells on teaching as a profession. It will start with a discussion of

the elements of a profession followed by an analysis of teaching to determine if it has all
the elements of a profession. It ends with a presentation of the historical development of
teaching as a profession in the Philippines.

It also discusses teaching as a vocation and mission. It describes teaching as a

mission not just a job. It also explains teaching as a vocation and a special calling.

 LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

At the end of this lesson, you must have:

1. analyzed the meaning of the word “professional”

2. presented the elements of a profession using a graphic organizer
3. explained the elements of a profession by way of an acrostic

 LEARNING OUTCOMES:
1. explain the meaning of teaching profession
2. read a research study related to teaching as a profession and filled out the
matrix given with the correct answer
3. trace the historical development of teaching as a profession in the Philippines

 ACTIVITY: READ THESE

A. TEACHING AS A PROFESSION
Read the following instances when the word “professional” is used.
Explain what the word ‘professional” means in each case.
1. One night, cellphones were stolen right from your home while you were
asleep. There was no indication of forced entry, so you claimed that
the manner by which your cellphone was stolen was highly
professional.
2. She is highly professional in her ways. She deals with everyone
including her daughter – employee professionally.
3. After his oath taking as a professional teacher, he was congratulated
and was told “now you are truly a professional”.

Analysis:
What does the word “professional” mean as used in the instances given
above? Write your answers on the blanks provided.

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 1. ______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

 ABSTRACTION: Add All That You Know

In the words “professional manner”, the word “professional” implies one

who possesses skills and competence or expertise. In short, a professional is is
one who conforms to the technical or ethical standards of a profession. The two
elements of a profession are competence and a Code of Ethics.

The other elements of a profession are:

1. Initial Professional Education – Professionals generally begin their

professional lives by completing a university program in their chosen
fields – teacher education, engineering, nursing, accountancy. This
means long and arduous years of preparation. Take note this is just
initial, which means only the beginning because a professional is
expected to learn endlessly.
2. Accreditation – University programs are approved by regulatory body
like the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) in the Philippines to
ensure that graduates from these recognized programs start their
professional lives with competence.
3. Licensing – Licensing is mandatory, not voluntary and is administered
by a government authority is the Professional Regulation Commission
(PRC).
4. Professional Development – This is an ongoing professional education
that maintains or improves professionals’ knowledge and skills after
they begin professional practice. In the Philippines this is Continuing
Professional Development mandated by RA 10912, otherwise known
as the CPD Act of 2016.
5. Professional Societies - Professionals see themselves as part of a
community of like-minded individuals who put their professional
standards above the individual self-interest or the employer’s self-
interest. These professional societies put dedication to the public
interest and commitment to moral and ethical values. Professional
societies define certification criteria, manage certification programs,
establish accreditation standards and define a code of ethics and
disciplinary action for violations of that code.

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 6. Code of Ethics – Each profession has a code of ethics to ensure that
its practitioners behave responsibly. The code states what
professionals should do. Professionals can be ejected from their
professional societies or lose their licenses to practice for violating the
code of ethics. The teaching profession is governed by the Code of
Ethics foe Professional Teachers. Violation of the Code of Ethics for
professional teachers is one of the grounds for the revocation of the
professional teacher’s Certificate of Registration and suspension from
the practice of the teaching profession.

 APPLICATION: Apply what you have learned

1. By the use of a graphic organizer, present the elements of a profession.
2. By way of an acrostic, explain the elements of a profession.
P–
R–
O–
F–
E–
S–
S–
I–
O–
N–

 SUMMARY

Teaching is a profession. It requires:

1. long years of initial professional education;

2. attainment of a college/university degree recognized by a regulatory body,
CHED;
3. a licensure examination called the Licensure Examination for Teachers (LET);
4. Continuing Professional Development, and;
5. adherence to the Code of ethics for Professional Teachers

 ASSESSMENT
1. Based on the elements of a profession given in this Module, can the taxi driver
be considered a professional? - Analysis
a. No, because driving is not a college/university degree
b. Yes, because there is such a term professional driver
c. It depends on the technical and ethical competence of the taxi driver
d. Yes, if the taxi driver is competent and honest

2. Which are the elements of a profession like teaching? – Analysis

I. Long years of professional education

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 II. Passing the competency-based examination to obtain a diploma from TESDA
III.Continuing Professional Development
IV. Adherence to a Code of Ethics for the professional group
a. I, II, and III
b. II, III, and IV
c. I, III, and IV
d. I, II, and IV

 ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY (TO DO)

Read a research related to teaching as a profession and fill out the matrix given
below.

Problem Research Methodology

Source:
(bibliography entry
format)

Findings Conclusions

B. THE HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF TEACHING AS A PROFESSION IN

THE PHILIPPINES

ACTIVITY: Let’s Do These

Let’s find out how much you know about the history of teaching in the
country. Write TRUE for statements that are correct and FALSE for statements
that are not correct on the blanks provided.
__________ 1. As early as the Spanish period, teaching was considered as a
profession.
__________ 2. It was the Americans who elevated teaching in the Philippines as
a profession.
__________ 3. Teaching was elevated to a profession only in 1994 with the
passage of RA 7836.

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 __________ 4. There is no other legal document that professionalized teaching
other than The Teacher’s Professionalization Act of 1994.

 ABSTRACTION:
All the True-False items above are false. The first legal document that
professionalized teaching was Presidential Decree 1006 issued by then
President Ferdinand E. Marcos. It was only in 1976 with PD 1006 known as the
Decree Professionalizing Teaching that teachers in the Philippines became
professionalized. The need to professionalize teaching was felt “to insure that in
the immediacy and urgency of teacher recruitment, qualitative requirements are
not overlooked…” and “although teaching requires a number of years of
collegiate study, it is the only course that is not considered a profession” (PD
1006). Furthermore …”in recognition of the vital role of teachers in nation-
building and as an incentive to raise the morale of teachers, it is imperative that
they be considered as professionals and teaching be recognized as a
profession.” (PD 1006)
Then in 1994, RA 7836, otherwise known as the Philippine Teachers
Professionalism Act of 1994, was passed to… “promote quality education by
proper supervision and regulation of the licensure examination and
professionalization of the practice of the teaching profession.” (Section 2)
During the pre-Hispanic period, there was no established formal schooling
in the country. So there was no formal preparation for teachers, too. The fathers
and mothers and tribal leaders served as teachers at home and in the
community.
During the Spanish period and by virtue of Educational Decree of 1863,
free public school system was established. There was one school for boys and
another school for girls in every municipality. The Spanish missionaries served
as teachers. The same Decree provided for a normal school run by Jesuits to
educate male teachers in Manila. Normal schools for women were not
established until 1875. So it was the Spaniards who started training teachers in
normal schools.
Paz Ramos, once Dean of the College of Education of the University of
the Philippines, Diliman, claims:
The foundations of teacher education in the Philippines were laid by the
Spanish government during the mid-eighteenth century. It is said to have begun
on August 4, 1765, when King Charles of Spain issued a Royal Decree requiring
each village to have a “maestro”. On November 28, 1772, another Royal Decree
specified the qualifications of teachers. However, it was not until 1863 that there
was a specific attempt to systematize and update the education of Filipino
teachers.
At the end of Spanish rule, schools during the Spanish era were closed for
a time by Aguinaldo’s government. So there was no teacher preparation that took
place.
During the American regime, American soldiers served as the first
teachers. In 1901, the Philippine Commission enacted into law Act 74 which

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 created the Department of Public Instruction, laid the foundations of the public
school system and offered free primary education for Filipinos.
There was a shortage of teachers. The Philippine Commission authorized
the Secretary of Public Instruction to bring the Philippines 600 teachers from
USA. They were the Thomasites. Due to urgent need for teachers, the
Americans gave bright young Filipino students opportunity to take up higher
education in American colleges and universities financed by the Philippine
Government. They were the pensionados.
Act 74 of 1901 also provided for the establishment of Philippine Normal
School (PNS) in Manila. The Philippine Normal School formally opened in
September 1901, as an institution for the training of teachers. For more than two
decades, PNS offered a two-year general secondary education program. In
1928, it became a junior college offering a two-year program to graduates of
secondary schools. In 1949, the Philippine Normal School, renamed Philippine
Normal College, offered the four-year Bachelor of Science in Elementary
Education. Other four year teacher education courses followed after. This means
that the present four-year preparation for the professional teacher began as a
two-year program only. Teacher preparation became four years only in 1949 and
thereafter.

 APPLICATION: Let’s Apply What You Learned

Present the historical development of teacher preparation and professionalization
in the Philippines from pre-Hispanic Philippines to 1996 through a graphic
organizer.

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  SUMMARY:
Teaching became a profession in 1976 with PD 1006. The requirement of a
licensure examination for teachers that puts teaching at par with the other
professions was enacted only in 1994 with the passing of RA 7836, otherwise known
as The Teacher’s Professionalization Act.
There was no formal preparation for teaches during the pre-Hispanic times. The
formal training of teachers began during the Spanish period when men were trained
as maestros by The Jesuits. A few years later maestras were also trained. In 1901, a
two-year preparation for teachers was given by Philippine Normal School. Then the
two years became four years since the two-year academic preparation was seen
inadequate. To ensure quality teachers and to make teaching at par with other
professions, in addition to a four-year teacher education course, passing a licensure
examination was made mandatory by RA 7836.

 ASSESSMENT:
Select the correct answer from the choices given.

1. In the Philippines, there was no teacher preparation since the Spanish

regime. Is the statement CORRECT?
a. No c. There was but informal
b. Yes d. there was but for men only

2. Which is the first legal document that professionalized teaching in the

Philippines?
a. RA 7836 c. RA 9192
b. PD 1006 d. RA 8981

3. Did teacher preparation in the Philippines begin with 4 years?

a. Yes c. No
b. Yes, 4 years informal d. No, it began with 1 year

 ENRICHMENT
Answer the following questions:

1. Research and read RA 9293, An Act Amending Certain Sections of RA7836

and answer this question: What provisions in RA 9293 contribute to ensure
that teachers fielded are quality teachers? Discuss.

REFERENCES:

1. Bilbao, P.P.; Corpuz, B.B.; Llagas, A.T.; and Salandanan G.G.. (2018) The
Teaching Profession 4th Edition. Lorimar Publishing, Inc. Quezon City, metro
Manila, Philippines.
2. Jao, A. M. (2017) The Teaching Profession. Jimczyville Publications, Malabon
City, Metro manila, Philippines.

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 3. Pawilen, G.T. (2019) The Teaching Profession (Passion and Mission) 2nd
Edition. Rex Bookstore, Inc. Manila, Philippines.
4. Sarandi D.a. and Babao, M.R. (2019)Teaching Profession in the 20th
Century. Mindshapers Co. Inc. Recoletos St., Manila, Philippines

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