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Assignment 2 Solution Heat Transfer

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Kingsley Cassity
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22 views6 pages

Assignment 2 Solution Heat Transfer

Uploaded by

Kingsley Cassity
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Solutions – Assignment 2

Q1. A steam pipe of 0.12-m outside diameter is insulated with a


layer of calcium silicate. If the insulation is 20 mm thick and its
inner and outer surfaces are maintained at Ts,1 = 800 K and Ts,2 =
490 K, respectively, the heat loss per unit length (q W/m) of the
pipe is, given thermal conductivity of calcium silicate is 0.089
W/m.K:
Sol 1.

Heat rate per unit length for cylindrical surface can be written as
Eq.1
2 k (Ts ,1  Ts ,2 )
q' 
r  (1)
ln  2 
 r1 
Substitute values of temperature and r1 and r2 in Eq. 1 as shown
in figure, to get heat loss per unit length of pipe.
q' = 603 W/m
Q2. A thin electrical heater is wrapped around the outer surface of
a long cylindrical tube whose inner surface is maintained at a
temperature of 5˚C. The tube wall has inner and outer radii of 25
and 75 mm, respectively, and a thermal conductivity of 10 W/m.K.
The thermal contact resistance between the heater and the outer
surface of the tube (per unit length of the tube) is 0.01 m.K/W.
The outer surface of the heater is exposed to a fluid with T =
10˚C and a convection coefficient of h = 100 W/m2.K. The heater
power per unit length of tube (W/m) required to maintain the
heater at To = 25˚C is:
Sol 2.
Energy balance at control surface about heater can be written as
Eq. 2
q '  qa ' qb ' (2)

Putting qa’ and qb’ we get Eq. 3 as:

q' 
(To  Ti ) T  T 
 o
r  1 / h Do
ln  2  (3)
 r1   R '
2 k
t ,c

Substitute Temperature and radius values in Eq. 3 as shown in


Figure to get heater power per unit length.
q' = 1434.85 W/m

Q3. A 0.20-m-diameter, thin-walled steel pipe is used to transport


saturated steam at a pressure of 20 bars in a room for which the
air temperature is 25˚C and the convection heat transfer
coefficient at the outer surface of the pipe is 20 W/m2.K. The heat
loss per unit length from the bare pipe (no insulation), assuming
steel to have an emissivity of 0.8, and the steam-side convection
resistance may be neglected:
Sol 3. Heat loss due to radiation and convection (without
insulation) can be written as Eq.4

q '   D (Ts4  Tsurr


4
)  h( D)(Ts  T ) (4)
Substitute all values in Eq. 4 to get heat loss per unit length.
q' = 3727 W/m
Q4. A plane wall of thickness 0.1 m and thermal conductivity 25
W/m.K having uniform volumetric heat generation of 0.3 MW/m3
is insulated on one side, while the other side is exposed to a fluid
at 92˚C. The convection heat transfer coefficient between the wall
and the fluid is 500 W/m2.K. The maximum temperature in the
wall is:
Sol 4.

Maximum temperature will be at the inner wall surface and can be


written as Eq.5:
.
To  Ts  q L2 / 2k (5)
The unknown outer surface temperature (Ts) in above equation
can be get by Eq.6 as:
.
Ts  T  q L / h (6)
Substitute values in Eq.6 to get Ts and then in Eq. 5 to get To.
To = 212˚C
Q5. Steam flowing through a long, thin-walled pipe maintains the
pipe wall at a uniform temperature of 500 K. The pipe is covered
with an insulation blanket comprised of two different materials, A
and B. The interface between the two materials may be assumed
to have an infinite contact resistance, and the entire outer surface
is exposed to air for which T = 300 K and h = 25 W/m2.K. The
total heat loss from the pipe (W/m) for prescribed conditions is:

Sol 5.
In the above shown thermal circuit, resistances can be written as
Eq. 7, 8, 9:
R 'conv , A  R 'conv , B  1/  r2 h (7)

r 
ln  2 
  1
r
R 'cond , A (8)
 kA

r 
ln  2 
  1
r
R 'cond , B (9)
 kB
Also, Requiv. is given by Eq. 10 as:

R equiv   R 'cond , A  R 'conv , A    R 'cond , B  R 'conv, A  


1 1

  (10)

Substitute all values in Eq. 7 to Eq. 9 and get Requiv. from Eq. 10
to estimate total heat loss from Eq. 11 as:

q '  (Ts ,1  T ) / R equiv (11)

q' = 1040 W/m

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