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14 views35 pages120 C++ Toughts
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5/0122, 2:57 PM “Top 120+ G++ Interview Questions and Answers in 2022 | Great Learning
Githeburses ~ FReecouRSES ~ —INTERVIEWQUESTIONS ~ CAREER —VISUALSTORIES,
2022
y Great Learning Team ~ Jon 6.2021
(CH programming is a general purpose programming language that was created by
Bjarne Stroustrup. Itis essential to know C++ if you want to work in the software
development domain. ++ is an extension of C programming language. The first set,
of questions and answers are curated for freshers and talks about the basic C+
questions. The blog will cover C++ Interview Questions for advanced levels, CH
programming interview questions, and more, These questions cover all the basics of
C+ and will help showcase your expertise in the subject. The questions are divided
into groups as follows.
+ Basic C++ Interview Questions
+ Advanced C++ interview Questions
+ C++ Programming Interview Questions
+ OOPS Interview Questions C++
Basic C++ Interview Questions
1, What is C++?
As an extension of the C language, C++ was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup as a
general purpose cross-platform language which gives programmers a high level of
control over system resources and memory.
2. What is namespace in C++?
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YIPEoGases ~ FREECOURSES ~ INTERVIEW QUESTIONS ~ CAREER Y _VISUALSTORIES Q
then hon . .
picture, A namespace defines a scope and difforentiates functions, classes, variables
ote, with the same name available in different libraries. The namespace starts with
the keyword "namespace". The syntax for the same is as follows:
| namespace namespace_nane {
2 // code declarations
3}
3. How to input string in C++?
There are three ways to input a string, using cin, get, and gotline, All three methods
‘are mentioned in the sample program below.
1] #include
2| using namespace std;
4| ant main()
5
6 char s[10];
7
8 cout << "Enter a string:
9 cin >> str;
1e
1 cout << "\n€nter another string: "
2 cin.get(s, 10);
B
14 getline(cin, str);
15
16 return 05
7) >
4. What is operator overloading in C++?
Operator overloading in C+ is an overloaded declaration is a declaration in the
‘samo scope of function or operator declared with the same name more than once.
5. How to learn C++?
C++ is a programming language which is an extension of ©. Thus, one should prefer
toloarn C first i's not necessary), After learning C, then understand the basic
difference between ¢ and C++. Implement allthe basic programs you learnt in C in
C+ also. Then dive into the OOP concept of C+, Do as many hands-on as possible
to understand basic 00Ps, and then dive into advanced lovel OOPS, When all the
basics are clear, builel «smell game to understand the structure and remain
concepts if any, By following ail these steps one can learn C+
6. What is the
ference between C and C++?
The difference between c and c++ is that C+ is a object-oriented language, which
means that it has all the features of C as well as its own thing that is the concept of
OOP. C+ has many functionalities of OOP that are missing from ¢ such as
encapsulation, abstraction, classes, objects, ete.
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GLULCOURSES ~ FREECOURSES v INTERVIEWQUESTIONS ~ CAREER Y VISUAL STORIES Q
Cisaprercuue vienou poy Gre wun eee EIKoe
language. programming language.
C does not support data hiding, (C+ support data hiding.
Cisa subset of C++ CH is a suporset of C.
C doost not support Function and C++ support Function and operator
operator overloading overloading
Funetions can not be defined inside Functions can be defined inside
structuros. structures.
7. How to reverse a string in C++?
To reverse a string, a sample code is mentioned below.
1 | #includectostream>
2| #includecstring.h>
3 | using nanespace std;
a) ine main ()
5| ¢
6 char n[5@], ts
7
8
9
int i, 35
cout << "Enter a string : "3
gets(n);
20 i= strlen(n) - 25
uu for (j= 0; 4
2
3 int fun (T a,T b)
4 {
5 return (a+b);
6 x
7
8 int main(){
9 cout<(11,22)5
18 y
9. Whatis ut
1g namespace std in C++?
Using namespace std in C++ tells the compiler that you will be making use of the
name space called ‘std’. The ‘std’ namespace contains all the features of the
standard library. You need te put this statement at the start of all your C+ codes if
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YOUGLSUeses ~ FREECOURSES ~ INTERVIEWQUESTIONS CAREER Y _VISUALSTORIES Q
standare
10. How to download turbo C++ for windows 10?
To download turbo c++ follow the steps mentioned below:
Step-t Download turbo C++ from http:/uwu:turboc8. com/p/downloadhtm|
Step-2: Extract Turbo.0:3.2zip filo,
Step-3: Run sotup.oxe filo.
tep-4 Follow the instructions mentioned
Tl. How to paste in turbo C++?
Paste in turbo C++ can be done by two techniques:
1 Shifttinsert
2. Open the file in notepad with cpp extension. Make the changes and save it. After
saving the file, you can open it from the Turbo C+ application file menu from where
you stored the opp file.
12. What is pointer in C++?
Pointers in C+ are a data type that store the memory address of another variable.
For eg,
1] char *str = "Hi, How are you?";
2 Here the pointer variable *str points to the string
3
4 or
5
6 int age;
7 int *int_value;
8
9 *int_value = &age;
1e
n coute<"Enter your age please:”
2 cin>>ages
2B
14 cout<<"\n Your age is:"<<*int_value;
15
16 // this will print your age as the variable is pointin
>
function in C++?
A function in C+ is a block of code that can be referenced from anywhere in the
system and that serves a specific purpose.
int fun(){
int a= 11;
return 11;
}
int main(){
int b = fun();
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T4uMideses » FREECOURSES ~ INTERVIEWQUESTIONS ~ CAREER Y _VISUALSTORIES Q
Destructors in c++ are special function/methods that are used to remove memory
allocation for objects. They are called usually when the scope of an object ends. eg.
when a function ends you can call a destructor. They are of the same name as the
~0:
class ~ syntax
15. Who invented C++?
Bjarne Stroustrup invented C+ in 1985.
16. How to convert integer to string in C++?
There are 2 approaches to convert integer variables to string. Both the approaches
with a sample code are mentioned below.
3] Approach-2
2| #includeciostrean>
5 | #includecstring>
4 | Using nanespace std;
5) void main()
6] ¢
7 int
8 string
9 cout << 55
20| 3
a
12 | Approach-2
14) #includeciostream>
45 | #include
16 | include
17 | using namespace std;
38] int main()
39) ¢
2e int n = 175
21
2 // declaring output string stream
23 ostringstream st;
24
25 // Sending @ nunber as a stream into output str
26 s<< nj
27 7/ the str() converts number into string
28 string fin = s.ste();
29 // Displaying the string
30 cout << fin;
31 return 0;
32| }
17. What is function overloading in C++?
Function Overloading happens in C+ when two or more functions share the same
name. They can be differentiated on the basis of the type of data they are passing as
parameters or even the number of parameters they are passing. eg. int fun(char «):
& int fun(int b); & void fun(int a, int b)
18. What is stl in C++?
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STA WSueses ~ FREECOURSES ~ INTERVIEWQUESTIONS ~ CAREER Y _VISUALSTORIES
of temple
code,
1 | queuecint> 95
2
3 For (k=053k<10;k++)
4 t
5 @.push(k) ;
6
cmd?
19. How to run C++ program
1] verify gcc installtion using the command:
2 $ gcc -v
3
4| then go to your working directory or folder where your code is:
5 $ cd
6
7| then build the file containing your ¢ code as such:
8 $ gcc main. cpp
9
28 or
a
2 $ gH -0 main main.cpp
B
14 | then run the executable generated in your system:
35 $ main.exe
20. What is type casting in C++?
Type casting in Cis used to change the data type. They are of two types: Implicit
Type Conversion: It is automatic, Explicit Type Conversion: Itis user-defined,
21. How to use string in C++?
Astring is a sequence of characters. In C+, string is a data type as well as a header
file. This header file consists of powerful functions of string manipulation. A variable of
string is declared as follows:
string st
fell
‘And to use string one needs to include the header file.
// Include the string Library
include
// Create a string
string str= "Hello";
ariable
22. How to input string in C++ with spaces?
The code to input a string in C++ with spaces is as follows:
include
include
using namespace std;
int main()
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6
ALL COURSES ¥ FREECOURSES ¥ —INTERVIEWQUESTIONS ~ CAREER Y VISUAL STORIES. Q
8
9 cout << “Enter the sentence";
10 getline(cin, 5);
11 cout << str}
2 return 0;
Bl
23. What is stream in C++?
Stroam refors to a stream of characters to be transforred between program throad
and ifo.
24. What is the difference between structure and class in
C++?
The difference between structure and class is as follows:
= By default, the data members of class are private whereas data members of
structure are public.
= While implementing inhoritance, the access specifior for struct is public whereas
for class its private.
~ Structures do not have data hiding features whereas class does.
= Structures contain only data members whereas class contains data members as
well as member functions.
= In structure, data members are not initialized with a value whereas in class, data
members can be initialised,
~ Structures are stored as stack in memory whereas class is stored as heap in
memory.
25. How to clear screen in C++?
One can clear screen using ~ clrser() or system(‘clear")
26. Who developed C++?
Bjarne Stroustrup in 1998 at Boll Labs developed the lanuage C++.
27. How to compile and run C program in notepad++
To compile and run ¢ program in notopad++ follow the stops montioned below:
‘Step-: Download and install notepad+
‘Step-2: Download and install MinGw gee along with gcc.
‘Step-3: Configure notepad+ for gee. This step can be further divided into two sub-
steps. A: Create C compiler tool in Notepad++
B: Creating C execution tool
‘Step-4: Execute C program in Notepad++
28. How many keywords in C++?
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THEIR
MUCCOURses ~ —FREECOURSES ~ INTERVIEWQUESTIONS ~ CAREER _VISUALSTORIES
overload
29. What
iostream in C++?
Itis a header file that includes basic objects such as cin, cout, cer, clog.
30, How to give space in C++?
In C+ programming, the space can be given using the following code.
cout «**;
31. How to dynamically allocate a 2d array in C++ ?
There are several methods by which one can allocate memory to 2D array
dynamically one of which is as follows,
2] include
2) int main()
5
a] ‘ant row = 2, col = 25
5 int* a new int[row * col];
é
7) ane 4, 3, court = 8;
| for Ses d < rons i++)
9 for (j = @; j < col; j++)
Pr) sav dcol + 3) 2 countes;
u
12 for (i i< row; it+)
B for (j= 0; 4 < cols j+#)
14 printf("Ad ", *(a + i*col + j))3
15
16 delete[ ] a;
y| return 0:
18} }
32. How to use goto statement in C++?
Goto statement provided unconditional jump in the code. The syntax is: goto label;
1| label: statements
2
3| #include
4| using namespace std;
6 | void main () {
7 float d, avg, add = 0.0;
8 int 3, 5
9 cin >} nj
10
ett for(j = 1; j <= nj +43)
2 {
3 cout << “Enter nunber” << 15
aa cin >> 45
a5
36 if(d < 0.0)
v7 {
38 goto jump;
29 }
20 addt= 4;
a }
22
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23
25 -
21}
33. What is function overriding in C++?
3
AWLCOURSES ~ FREECOURSES ~ —INTERVIEWQUESTIONS ~ CAREER ~
“Top 120+ G++ Interview Questions and Answers in 2022 | Great Learning
VISUAL STORIES
When a function with same name is present in both parent and child class then it is
called function overriding.
1] include
2| using namespace std;
3| class parent {
4| public:
5 void display(){
6 cout<<"Parent Class";
7 y
8) hs
9| class child: public parent{
36 | public:
n void display() {
2 cout<<"Child Class";
B }
34a] 3
15 | int main() ¢
16 child 0 = parent();
v7 o.display();
18 return @;
a9| 3
34. Which operator cannot be overloaded in C++?
‘Some of the operators that cannot be overloaded are as follows:
= Dot operator-*:
= Scope resolution operator
= "sizeof operator
= Pointer to member operator- “*"
35. How to copy and paste in turbo C++ ?
Pross Ctrl + Insert to copy.
Press Shift + Insert to paste.
36. Why C++?
The use of C+ is varied such as
= Itis used in developing graphic user interface based applications ike adobe
photoshop.
= Itis used in developing games as it overrides the complexity of 3D games.
= There are many animated softwares developed in C++
Most of the compilers are written in C+.
Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox otc. web browser are developed using C++
There are many more such uses that make C++ a desired language.
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Bool is a data type in C++ which takes two values- True and False. Syntaxis as follows:
bool bi
true;
A sample code is as follows:
1] #includeciostream>
2| using namespace std;
3 | int main()
4
5 int a= 60, b= 70;
6 bool c, dj
7 c= ass b; // false
8
9 c= ac bs // true
10
11 cout <
38. What is exception in C++?
Runtime aisnormal conditions that occur in the program are called exceptions. These
are of 2 typos:
= synchronous
~ Asynchronous
CH has 3 specific keywords for handling these exceptions:
-0y
~eateh
= throw
39. How to set decimal places in C++?
For limiting the decimal places in C++ there are five functions :tloor(), ceil, trunc0,
round() and setprecision() Out of these five, only setprecision() function is used for
sotting the decimal places to put as output All the functions are mentioned in the
following sample code.
1 #includecbits/stdct+.h>
2| using namespace std;
3
4| ant main()
6 float a =2.33333;
7 cout << floor(a) << endl;
8 cout << ceil(a) << endl;
9 cout << trunc(a) << endl;
10 cout << round(a) << endl;
11 cout << setprecision(2) <«< aj
2 return 0;
2B
40. How to get absolute value in C++?
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ingtesb,
‘AiLEdUnses ~ FREECOURSES ~ INTERVIEW QUESTIONS ~ CAREER VISUAL STORIES Q
ofthe int
~abs()
~labs()
= llabs()
The syntax for all the functions is same ~ function name(integer value)
The difference lies in the range for integer value being passed as an argument. For
abs() its type int in C++. For labs) its type long int in C++ and for llabs() its long long
intin +4,
‘Sample code for the illustrating the three functions is as follows:
1] #include
2| #include
3
4| using namespace std;
5
6 | int main()
7
8 int a, b, ¢5
9
1e a = abs(22);
n b= labs (123435SL);
2 c= Labs (1234863552LL) ;
3 cout << a;
14 cout << b;
15 cout<< c3
16 return 0;
v7) >
41. What is the difference between C++ and Java?
The difference between c++ and java are as follows:
— C++ supports goto statements whereas Java does not
~ C++ is majorly used in system programming whereas Java is majorly used in
application programming
~ C++ supports multiple inheritance whereas Java does not support multiple
inheritance
— C++ supports operator overloading whereas Java does not support operator
overloading.
~ C++ has pointers which can bo used in the program whereas Java has pointers but
internally
~ C++ uses a compiler only whereas Java uses both compiler and interpreter.
~ C++ has both call by volue and call by reference whereas Java supports only call
by value
— C++ supports structures and joins whereas Java does not support structure and
joins
— Java supports unsigned right shift operator (>>) whereas C++ does not.
~ C++ is intoractive with hardware wheroas Java is not that interactive with
hardware,
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4PxWGinses ~ FREECOURSES ~ INTERVIEW QUESTIONS ~ CAREER ~ _VISUALSTORIES
The strings in C++ can be concatenated in two ways- one considering them string
objects and second concatenating them C style strings.
1] #include
2| using namespace std;
3
4| ant main()
5) ¢
6 string s1, s_2, fin;
7 cout << Enter string";
8 getline (cin, s_1);
9 cout << “enter string
2e getline (cin, s 2);
11 fine s1+ 2;
2 cout << fins
B
14 char str1(s0], str2[se], fin[100];
1s
16 cout << “Enter string";
v7 cin.getline(str1, 52);
18
19 cout << “Enter string";
20 cin.getline(str2, 58)
21
2 streat(stri, str2);
23
24 cout << "str = " << sted << endl
25 cout << "str2 =" << stra;
26
27 return 0;
28| +
43. How to convert char to int in C++ ?
There are three methods for converting char variable to int type variable, These are
as follows: ~ atoi()
=sscant()
~typecasting
‘A sample code depicting all three functions are as follows:
1 | #includecstdio.h>
2| #includecstdlib. b>
3] int main() {
4) "char *s
s| char
| int a,b,c5
7
| — sscant(s, fa); // Using sscant
| — printe("a : xd", a)3
10
a] b= atoi(s);_// Using atoi()
32] printf("b : xa", b);
3
14] c= (int)(a)3 // Using typecasting
a5] printf("e : a", cs
a6
37] return 05
38] }
44. How to generate random numbers in C++ with a range?
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nat
UGNEEBGrses ~ FREECOURSES ~ INTERVIEW QUESTIONS ~ CAREER» _VISUALSTORIES
1 #include
2| #include
3| int main()
4
5 int max=10@, mi
6 int range ='max - min'+ 1;
7 for (i=mins icmax;ir+)
8 {
9 int num = rand() % range + min;
18 cout<
#include
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int 323.456;
int x = abs(a);
cout << x;
return @;
48. How to exit from turbo C++?
To exit Turbo C++, use the Quit option under the File Menu, or press Alt + X.
49. What
erator in C++?
Any object which has an ability to iterate through elements of the range it has been
pointing to is called iterator.
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is called a scope resolution operator which is used to access global variables with
the same name as of local variables, for defining functions outside the class, for
accessing static variables, and for referring to a class inside of another class.
51. What is enum in C++?
‘enum is abbreviation of Enumeration which assigns names to integer constant to
make a program easy to read, Syntax for the same:
enum enum_name{const, const2,
52. What is endl in C++?
Endlis a predefined object of ostream class to insert a new line characters,
53. How to save a file in C++?
When you have written code in the file (notepad).save the fle as “hellopp: if you
want to write in a fle using C++ code, you can do it using iostream and fstream,
libraries in C+.
1] #include
2| include
3| using namespace std;
4
5
int main () {
6| — ofstrean #ile_name;
7| file_name.open (“sanple.txt");
a| file-namece "write in the file";
9 | File_name.close();
1e| _ return 9;
ul)
54. Which operators can be overloaded in C++?
List of operators that can be overloaded are:
=.=, [].0,.->* new, new [] delete , delete []
55. How to include all libraries in C++?
The library in e+ is used to include all the libraries
56. How to maximize turbo C++ window?
Aittnter is the keyboard shortcut used to maximize (full screen) turbo C++
57. What is an expression in C++?
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AMUEBGRsEs ~ FREE COURSES ¥ INTERVIEW QUESTIONS » CAREER ¥
types of
~ Constant expressions: 89 +10/40
Integral expressions:x*y
~ Floating expressions: 1789
~ Relational expressions: ae=b
~ Logical expressions: a> b &&a==7
~ Pointer exprossions: “ptr
= Bitwise expressions: p «5
58. How to write a class in C++?
VISUAL STORIES
Aclass in C++ is the building block that leads to Object-Oriented programming and
is a user-defined data type which holds data and functions. The syntax to write a
class in C++ is as follows:
Class (keyword) Class_Name (this is user defined)
Access specifier: // private, public, protected
ts 1/Class enc
For example:
class Sample
{
JI Access specifier
private:
// Data Menbers
string s3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
8 11 Menber Functions()
10 void printname()
1 {
2
B y
14
cout << 53
59. Which is the best C++ compiler?
There are several good compilers for C++ such as:
~Minew /@cc
Borland o++
-Devc++
- Embracadero
-Clang
= Visual C++
= Intel C+
- Code Block
Data menbers //int, char, float, double etc. variables to be used
Member function() { } // Methods to access data menbers
CC and clang are great compilers if the programmer's target more portability with
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Intel and
60. How to use strcmp function in C++?
stremp(/function is an in-built function of
2| #includecstring.h>
3] int main()
4a) ¢
5 JJ z has greater ASCII value than g
6 char a[] = "zf2";
7 char b[] = “gfe”;
8
9 int r= stremp(a, b)5
1e
n if (r==0)
2 printf("Strings are equal");
2B else
14 printf("Strings are unequal");
15
16 printf("Kd" 7);
7
18 return 0;
19| 3
61. How to write to a file in C++?
A filo is read in c++ using a fstroam header file,
1| include
2| include
3| using nanespace std;
4) ant main()
5| ¢
6 ofstream fout;
? string rs
8
9 fout .open("test.txt");
20
ett while (fout) {
2 getline(cin, r)3
3 if (r )
14 break;
a5 fout << Line << endl;
36 }
v7 fout..close();
38
9 ifstrean fin;
20 Fin.open("test txt");
a while (Fin) (
22 getline(fin, Line);
2B cout << line << endl
24 d
25 Fin.close()3
26 return 8;
27| }
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62x Wlnses ~ FREECOURSES ~ INTERVIEW QUESTIONS ~ CAREER ~ VISUAL STORIES
Stringstream is a class in c++ which associates a string object with a stream allowing
to read from the string as if it were a stream. Syntax s as follows:
stringstroam string_namo(str):
Basic operations are as follows:
clear()
str
63. Why namespace std is used in C++?
Ifthe program does not have using namespace std; then when you write cout «; you
would have to put std:cout <; same for other functions such as cin, endl ete.
64. How to write hello world in C++?
Hello world in 0+ is as follows:
1| #include
2| int main()
3
4| * std::cout << "Hello, World!
5 | return @;
oly
65. How to calculate length of a string in C++?
The length of a string can be caloulated by using in-built functions such as length0,
sizeQ, strlen() and also by loops (while and for)
1 | #includeciostrean>
2| #includecestring>
3| using namespace std;
4) main() ¢
5 string s = “Hi T am Mr x";
6 char are] = "Hi I an Me x
7 cout << s.Length();
8 cout << s.size();
9 cout <
2| #includecvector>
3| using namespace std;
4| int main()
s| ¢
6 | vector vec_1;
7| vec_1.push_back("sample code");
8 | vec“t.push_back("change example");
9| for(vector : :iterator isvec_1.begin();i
20 | coutec*i;
u1| return 03
2] ¥
fec_l.end();++4)
75. What is vector in C++?
A sequence of containers to store elements, a vectors a template class of C+.
Vectors are used when managing ever-changing data elements. The syntax of
creating vector.
vector «type> variable (number of elements)
For example:
vector rooms (9);
76. What is scope resolution operator in C++?
Scope resolution operator in c++ is denoted by double colon (;). It can be used:
= when there is a local variable with same name as of global variable
= When a function has to be defined outside a class
When class's static variables needs to be accessed
When a class inside another class has to be referred
= In case of multiple Inheritance:
77. What are character constants in C++?
Character constant are members of the character set in which a program is written
which is surrounded by single quotation mars ()
78. What are templates in C++?
A feature that allows functions and classes to operate with generic types that means
function or class can work on different data types without being rewritten is called
template.
hitpsslwwn-mygreatlearning comvbloglepp-ntervew-questions! 20135 5/0122, 2:57 PM “Top 120+ G++ Interview Questions and Answers in 2022 | Great Learning
TGutdGeses ~ FREECOURSES ~ INTERVIEWQUESTIONS CAREER Y _VISUALSTORIES Q
2 | “include vec{ 1,9,4,3,2,8,5,7}5
é
7 sort(vec.begin(), vec.end());
8
5| for (auto x : vy
2 cout << x
Ft
32| return 03
ay
u
77. What is pure virtual function in C++?
A pure virtual function is a type of virtual function which does not have
implementation, but is only declared. itis declared by assigning 0 in declaration.
‘syntax for the same is as follows:
class Test
{
// data members of class
public:
virtual void show() = @:
/* Other menbers */
us
78. How to use map in C++?
Associative containers storing a combination of a key value or mapped value is
called Maps. Syntax map
2| #include
3| #include
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