ANUPAMA’S BIOLOGY CLASSES ECOSYSTEM MCQ TEST – 1 Ph.

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Q1) The primary producers of the deep-sea hydrothermal vent ecosystem are
(a) green alage (b) chemosynthetic bacteria (c) blue-green algae (d) coral reefs
Q2) Which one of the following is a characteristic feature of cropland ecosystem?
(a) absence of weeds (b) Ecological succession (c) absence of soil organisms (d) least genetic diversity
Q3) Which one of the following is not a functional unit of an ecosystem?
(a) energy flow (b) decomposition (c) productivity (d) stratification
Q4) Most animal that live in deep oceanic waters are
(a) tertiary consumers (b) detritivores (c) primary consumers (d) secondary consumers.
Q5) Secondary productivity is rate of formation of new organic matter by
(a) consumers (b) decomposers (c) producers (d) parasites.
Q6) Which of the following processes will be most adversely affected if microorganisms are removed from a forest ecosystem?
(a) solar energy fixation and nutrient cycling (b) decomposition of organic matter and photosynthesis (c) nitrogen fixation and
decomposition of organic matter (d) carbon assimilation and nitrogen fixation
Q7) Which one of the following processes during decomposition is correctly described?
(a) catabolism – last step in the decomposition under fully anaerobic condition (b) leaching – water soluble inorganic nutrients rise to the top
layers of soil (c) fragmentation – carried out by organisms such as earthworm (d) humification – leads to the accumulation of a dark
coloured substance humus which undergoes microbial action at a very fast rate.
Q8) The important step in the process of decomposition are
(a) fragmentation and mineralization (b) leaching and catabolism (c) humification and mineralization (d) all of these
Q9) The breakdown of detritus into smaller particles earthworm is a process called
(a) humification (b) fragmentation (c) mineralization (d) catabolism
Q10) The predator food chain is also called
(a) grazing food chain (b) detritus food chain (c) parasitic food chain (d) auxillary food chain
Q11) If 20 J of energy is trapped at producer level, then how much energy will be available to peacock as food in the following chain? Plant →
mice → snake → peacock
(a) 0.02 J (b) 0.002 J (c) 0.2 J (d) 0.0002 J
Q12) Biological equilibrium is found among the
(a) producers and light (b) producers and consumers (c) producers and decomposers (d) producers, consumers and decomposers.
Q13) Identify the possible link ‘’A’’ in the following food chain plant → insect → frog → ‘’A’’ → Eagle
(a) rabbit (b) wolf (c) cobra (d) parrot
Q14) In an ecosystem at a particular time standing crop includes
(a) total living material (b) total detritus (c) both (a) and (b) (d) total nutrients present in the crop.
Q15) The loss of energy as one proceeds from one trophic level to the next higher level is approximately
(a) 30% (b) 40% (c) 60% (d) 90%
Q16) Which of the following ecological pyramids is generally inverted?
(a) pyramid of biomass in a sea (b) pyramid of numbers in grassland (c) pyramid of energy (d) pyramid of biomass in a forest
Q17) What type of ecological pyramid would be obtained with the following data? Secondary consumer: 120g., primary consumer: 60 g,
primary producer: 10 g
(a) inverted pyramid of biomass (b) pyramid of energy (c) upright pyramid of numbers (d) upright pyramid of biomass
Q18) Which one of the following statements for the pyramid of energy is incorrect?
(a) its base is broad (b) it shows energy content of different trophic level organisms (c) it is inverted in shape (d) it is upright in shape.
Q19) Match the following and select the correct option. (A) Earthworm (i) Pioneer species
A B C D (B) Succession (ii) Detritivore
(a) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (C) Ecosystem service (iii) Natality
(b) (iv) (i) (iii) (ii) (D) Population growth (iv) Pollination
(c) (iii) (ii) (iv) (i)
(d) (ii) (i) (iv) (iii)
Q20) Both hydrarch and xerarch successions lead to
(a) medium water conditions (b) xeric conditions (c) highly dry conditions (d) excessive wet conditions.
Q21) In ecological succession the climax community is best recognized by the following state
(a) P = R (b) P > R (c) P < R (d) P ≠ R
Q22) Which of the following statements is incorrect?
(a) oceans contain about 71% of total global carbon (b) Atmosphere contain about 71% of total global carbon (c) carbon constitute about
49% of the dry weight of organisms (d) Approximately 4 x 1013 kg of carbon is fixed in the biosphere through photosynthesis annually.
Q23) Given is a simplified model of phosphorus cycling in a terrestrial ecosystem with four blanks (A-D).
identify the blanks.
A B C D
(a) Rock minerals detritus litter fall producers
(b) litter fall producers Rock minerals detritus
(c) detritus Rock minerals producers litter fall
(d) producers litter fall Rock minerals detritus
Q24) Study the cycle shown below and select the option which gives correct words for all four blanks A, B, C
and D
 A B C D
(a) nitrification ammonification animals plants
(b) denitrification ammonification plants animals
(c) nitrification denitrification animals plants
(d) denitrification nitrification plants Animals
Directions: in the following questions a statement of assertion is followed by a statement of
reason mark the correct choice as:
(a) if both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion
(b) if both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion
(c) if assertion is true but reason is false (d) if both assertion and reason are false.
Q25) Assertion: Net primary productivity is gross primary productivity minus respiration.
Reason: Secondary productivity is produced by heterotrophs.
Q26) Assertion: Oceans are low productivity ecosystems despite occupying about 70% of the
earth’s surface.
Reason: In aquatic ecosystems, productivity is limited by right which decreases with increasing
water depth.
Q27) Assertion: Temperature and soil moisture are the important climatic factors that regulate the
process of decomposition.
Reason: Warm and moist environment favours decomposition whearas low temperature and anaerobiosis inhibit decomposition.
Q28) Assertion: Herbivores are also called as key industry animals because they convert plant matter into animal matter.
Reason: Decomposers play a pivotal role in the ecosystem and they indirectly support the producers
Q29) Assertion: Primary succession occurs over a primarily bare area where there was no living matter from the very beginning
Reason: During primary succession reproductive structures of the previous occupants given rise to a new seral community as soon as the
conditions become favourable
Q30) Assertion: In nature the recycling of carbon is essentially a self regulating feedback system.
Reason: The reservoir pool of carbon consists of free CO2 in the atmosphere.