HEAT TRANSFER

DPP-29
(04/07/2022)
1. MCQ
The heat transfer process between a body and its ambient is governed by an internal
conductive resistance (ICR) and an external convective resistance (ECR). The body can
be considered to be a lumped heat capacity system if
A. ICR > ECR
B. ICR is marginally smaller than ECR
C. ICR = ECR
D. ICR is negligible.
[GATE-1989-ME]

Answer: D
2. MCQ
Biot number signifies
A. The ratio of heat conducted to heat convected
B. The ratio of heat convected to heat conducted
C. The ratio of external convective resistance to internal conductive resistance
D. The ratio of internal conductive resistance to external convective resistance
[GATE-1991-ME]

Answer: D
3. MCQ
Lumped heat transfer analysis of a solid object suddenly exposed to a fluid medium at
a different temp is valid when.
A. Biot number < 0.1
B. Biot number > 0.1
C. Fourier number < 0.1
D. Fourier number > 0.1
[GATE-2001-ME]

Answer: A
4. MCQ
The value of Biot number is very small (less than 0.01), when
A. The convective resistance of fluid is negligible
B. The conductive resistance of fluid is negligible
C. The conductive resistance of solid is negligible
D. None of the above
[GATE-2002-ME]

Answer: C
5. MCQ
The average heat transfer coefficient on a thin hot vertical plate suspended in still air
can be determined from observations of the change in plate temperature with time as
it cools. Assume the plate temperature to be uniform at any instant of time and
radiation heat exchange with the surroundings is negligible. The ambient temperature
is 25°C, the plate has a total surface area of 0.1 m2 and a mass of 4 kg. The specific
heat of the plate material is 2.5 kJ/kgK. The convective heat transfer coefficient in
W/m2 K, at the instant when the plate temperature is 225°C and the change in plate
dT
temperature with time = −0.02 K/s, is
dt
A. 200 B. 20
C. 15 D. 10
[GATE-2007-ME]

Answer: D
6. MCQ
A Spherical thermocouple junction of diameter 0.706 mm is to be used for the
measurement of temperature of a gas stream. The convective heat transfer coefficient
on the bead surface is 400 W/m2 K. Thermo-physical properties of thermocouple
material are k = 20 W/mK , c = 400 J /kgK and ρ = 8500 kg/m3 . If the
thermocouple initially at 30°C is placed in a hot stream of 300°C, the time taken by
the bead to reach 298°C is
A. 2.35 s B. 4.9 s
C. 14.7 s D. 29.4 s
[GATE-2004-ME]

Answer: B
 HEAT TRANSFER
Self Evaluation Test
(02/07/2022)
 Instructions
 Syllabus: HEAT EXCHANGERS, Duration: 70 Minutes
 This question paper consists of 20 questions of MCQ, MSQ & NAT type.
 Questions from 1 to 10 carries one mark each & questions from 11 to 20
carries two marks each. Total 30 Marks.
 Wrong answers for MCQ will carry 33% negative marks. For 1 Mark
question 𝟏/𝟑 mark will be deducted and for 𝟐 Marks question 𝟐/𝟑 mark
will be deducted.

 There is no negative marks for MSQ & NAT Type questions.

1. NAT
Water enters a multiple – pass shell and tube heat exchanger at 80°C and leaves at
40°C. Air enters at 15°C and leaves at 30°C. The LMTD for this heat exchanger
configuration is _______ °C. (Correct upto two decimal places)
2. MCQ
In a steam condenser, the steam condenses at a temperature of 60°C. The cooling
water enters at 24°C and leaves at 45°C. The surface area of condenser tubes is 30 m2
and the overall heat transfer coefficient for the heat exchanger is 2000 W/m2 °C. The
heat of vaporization of water at 60°C is hfg = 2358 kJ/kg. The rate of condensation of
steam (in kg/s) in the condenser is
A. 0.2 B. 0.4
C. 0.6 D. 0.5

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

3. NAT
Air cp = 1.004 kJ/kg − K enters a cross flow heat exchanger at 20°C at a rate of
4 kg/s. It is heated by hot water (cp = 4.2 kJ/kg-K) entering at 100°C at rate of
1.2 kg/s. The maximum possible heat transfer between the fluid is ______ kW.
(Correct upto two decimal places)

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

4. NAT
Saturated steam at 100°C is condensing on the shell side of a shell and tube heat
exchanger. The cooling water enters the tube at 30°C and leaves at 70°C. Assume it is
parallel flow heat exchanger. The ratio of AMTD to LMTD is _______.
(Round off to two decimal places)

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

5. NAT
A shell and tube heat exchanger is designed for heating water from 25°C to 50°C with
the help of steam Condensing 100°C at atmospheric pressure. The water flows
through the tubes (di = 2.5 cm and do = 2.9 cm and L = 2 m) and the steam
condenses on the outside. The flow rate of water is 500 kg/min and the overall heat
transfer coefficient is 1954.4 W/m2 -K. The required number of tubes is ____. Take
cpc = 4.180 kJ/kg -K. Neglect heat transfer between heat exchanger and surrounding
and neglect all other resistances.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

6. MCQ
Steam condenses in a steam condenser at a temperature of 60°C (hfg =2360 kJ/kg).
The cooling water enters and leaves at 25°C, 45°C respectively. The overall hat transfer
coefficient of heat exchanger is 2010 W/m2 °C . If the surface area of condenser tubes
is 31 m2 then the rate of condensation of system in the condenser is _____ mg/s.
A. 56200 B. 466012
C. 623000 D. 501000

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

7. NAT
In a heat exchanger, the hot liquid enters at a temperature of 180°C and leaves at
160°C. The cooling fluid enters at 30°C and leaves at110°C. The capacity ratio of the
heat exchanger is ______. (Round off to two decimal places).

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

8. NAT
Water at 90°C enters a heat exchanger for heating oil and it leaves at 40°C. The oil
enters at 25°C and leaves at50°C. The effectiveness of heat exchanger is ____ (Round
off to two decimal places). Assume oil having low specific heat and constant flow rate.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

9. MSQ
In a counter flow heat exchanger, hot fluid enters at 180°C and leaves at 118°C. The
cold water enters at 99°C and leaves at 119°C.
A. Capacity rate ratio is 0.29 to 0.34.
B. Capacity rate ratio is 0.42 to 0.44.
C. Effectiveness of heat exchanger is 0.62 to 0.67.
D. Effectiveness of heat exchanger is 0.74 to 0.79.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

10. MCQ
In an oil cooler, oil enters at 165°C. If water is entering at 30°C flows parallel to oil, the
heat capacity ratio of hot fluid to cold fluid is 0.5. The minimum temperature to which
oil could be cooled is ____ °C. Assume it is a parallel flow heat exchanger.
A. 65 B. 80
C. 75 D. 59

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

11. NAT
In a counter flow, concentric tube heat exchanger, water flows through the inner tube
having diameter 30 mm at 30°C. The hot oil enters the annulus having diameter
50 mm at 100 °C and leaves at 60°C. The mass flow rate of the water and the oil are
0.5 kg/s and 0.7 kg/s, respectively. The specific heat of water and oil are 4200 J/kg -K
and 2400 J/kg -K, respectively. If the overall heat transfer coefficient of the heat
exchanger is 300 W/m2 - C, the length of the tube (in m) required to achieve the
desired heat transfer is _______ (Correct upto two decimal places).

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

12. NAT
In a single pass counter flow heat exchanger, water (cp =4.2 kJ/kg - K) enters at 15°C at
a rate of 1.5 kg/s and cools an oil cp = 2.1 kJ/kg − K flowing at a rate of 3 kg/s
from 90°C to 40°C. If the overall heat transfer coefficient is 250 W/m2 °-C, the surface
area required is _______ m2 .

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

13. NAT
A cold fluid flows through a counter flow heat exchanger at 300°C with a flow rate of
2.4 kg/s and is heated to 700°C by passing another fluid (hot fluid) with a flow rate of
2 kg/s at 1000°C. If the temperature of cold fluid is increased to 800°C, keeping all
flow conditions same, then the percentage increase in heat transfer area is _______ %.
Take cpc = 800 J/kg − K and cph = 960 J/kg – K.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

14. MCQ
A heat exchanger is to be designed to condense an organic vapour at a rate of
500 kg/min, it is available at its saturation temperature of 355 K Cooling water at
288 K is available at a flow rate of 60 kg/s. The overall heat transfer coefficient is
475 W/m2 - C° . Latent heat of condensation of the organic vapour is 600 kJ/kg. If
25 mm outer diameter, 2 mm thick and 4.97 m long tubes are available, the required
number of tubes is ______. Take cpc = 4.18 kJ/kg - K.
A. 300 B. 420
C. 370 D. 471

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

15. MSQ
A concentric tube heat exchanger uses water at 15°C to cool ethylene glycol from
100°C to 60°C. The water and glycol flow rates are 0.5 kg/s each. Take cp of glycol =
2637 J/kg -K and cp of water= 4180 J/kg-K.
A. Maximum heat transfer rate is 104.26 kW to 108.26 kW.
B. Parallel flow heat exchanger is preferred.
C. Counter flow heat exchanger is preferred.
D. Effectiveness of heat exchanger is 0.45 to 0.49.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

16. MSQ
Consider the following parallel flow heat exchanger specification.
Cold flow enters at 40°C an Cc = 20000 W/K.
Hot flow enters at 150°C and Ch = 10000 W/K Area of heat exchanger is 30 m2 and
overall heat transfer coefficient is 500 W/m2 -K.
A. Maximum possible heat transfer rate is 676.5 kW to 696.5 kW.
B. Maximum possible heat transfer rate is 1098 kW to 1102 kW.
C. Exit temperature of cold fluid is 68.2°C to 70.2°C
D. Exit temperature of hot fluid is 82.5°C to 86.5°C

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

17. MSQ
A counter flow heat exchanger operates under the following conditions.
I. Fluid A, inlet and outlet temperatures are 80°C and 40°C.
II. Fluid B, inlet and outlet temperatures are 20°C and 40°C.
The heat exchanger is cleaned, causing an increase in overall heat transfer coefficient
by 10% and the inlet temperature of fluid B is changed to30°C. Assume heat transfer
coefficient and capacity rate ratio are unchanged.
A. Exit temperature of hot fluid after cleaning of heat exchanger is 42.5°C to 46.5°C.
B. Exit temperature of hot fluid after cleaning of heat exchanger is 38.1°C to 39.5°C.
C. Exit temperature of cold fluid after cleaning of heat exchanger is 46.1°C to 48.1°C.
D. Exit temperature of cold fluid after cleaning of heat exchanger is 49.5°C to 50.2°C.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

18. MCQ
Consider a counter flow, concentric tube heat exchanger having heat transfer area of
0.5 m2 with hot and cold water inlet temperatures of 180°C and 30°C, respectively.
The flow rates of the hot and cold fluids are 0.01 kg/s and 0.02 kg/s, respectively
Assume the overall heat transfer coefficient is 200 W/m2 C and the specific heat of
water is 4200 J/kg-K. What will be the outlet temperature of the hot fluid? (in °C)
A. 57 B. 62
C. 48 D. 52

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

19. NAT
In a tube type parallel flow heat exchanger, the hot water at 80°C is cooled to 65°C by
cold water entering the heat exchanger at 20°C and leaving at 35°C. If the flow rates
of water are doubled, then the effectiveness of heat exchanger is _____.
(Round off to two decimal places)

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

20. MCQ
In a gas turbine, regenerator is used to preheat the incoming air. Turbine exhaust
temperature is 700 K which the ambient air is at 300 K. It is desired to cool the
exhaust upto 400 K. Overall heat transfer coefficient is 30 W/m2 - K.
cp = 1 kJ/kg - K
Area of heat transfer in heat exchanger, if mass flow rate is 0.1 kg/s
A. 25 m2 B. 30 m2
C. 10 m2 D.15 m2

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

 ANSWER KEYS – Self Evaluation Test (02/07/2022)

1. 35.71 to 36.23 5. 38 to 42 9. A, D 13. 85 to 89 17. A

2. C 6. C 10. C 14. D 18. A

3. 321.26 to 321.30 7. 0.25 to 0.25 11. 70.12 to 70.32 15. B, D 19. 0.141 t

4. 1.04 to 1.08 8. 0.36 to 0.41 12. 50.3 to 50.5 16. B, D 20. C

HEAT TRANSFER
DPP-28
(01/07/2022)
1. CONVENTIONAL
A double pipe counter flow heat exchanger is to be designed to cool 12000 kg/hr of
an oil of specific heat 1.95 kJ/kgK from 85°C to 55°C by water entering the heat
exchange at 30°C and leaving at 45°C. If the OHTC of heat exchanger is 400 W/m2 K.
Calculate the LMTD and the surface area of the heat exchanger.
[GATE-1990: 5M]

Answer: 𝟑𝟏. 𝟗𝟏°𝐂, 𝟏𝟓. 𝟐𝟔 𝐦𝟐

2. CONVENTIONAL
A shell and tube heat exchanger is to be designed for heating pressurized water by
means of hot gases which get cooled. The data are follows:
Temp of water at the inlet = 80°C
Temp of the water at the outlet = 140°C
Temp of hot gasses at the inlet = 340°C
Temp of hot gasses at the outlet = 180°C
Mass flow rate of water = 12 kg/s
Specific heat of water = 4.2 kJ/kgK
OHTC = 30 W/m2 K
Correction factor for LMTD based on counter flow conditions = 0.9
Calculate the tube surface area required in the heat exchanger and the effectiveness
of the heat exchanger.
[GATE-1988: 5 M]

Answer: 776.34 m2 & 0.615

3. NAT
An existing heat exchanger of 20 m2 surface area is to be used to condense low
pressure steam. The cooling medium will be feed water available at 40℃; its flow rate
being 0.9 kg/s. From previous experience, the overall heat transfer coefficient is
estimated at 120 W/m2 K. The steam condensation rate is ____ kg/s. At the
condensing pressure steam has saturation temperature ts = 100℃ and latent heat of
vaporization hfg = 2257 kJ/kg. Pressure that the steam is initially just saturated and that
the condensate leaves the exchanger without sub-cooling, i.e., only the latent heat of
condensing steam is transferred to water.

Answer: 0.0471
4. NAT
A counter – flow concentric tube heat exchanger is used to cool the lubricating oil of a
large industrial gas turbine engine. The oil flows through the tube at 0.19 kg/s (cp =
2.18 kJ/kg K), and the coolant water flows in the annulus in the opposite direction at a
rate of 0.15 kg/s (cp = 4.18 kJ/kg K). The oil enters the tube at 425 K and leaves at 345 K
while the coolant enters at 285 K. The length of the tube must be ______ m to
perform this duty if the heat transfer coefficient from oil to tube surface is 2250 W/m2
K and from tube surface to water is 5650 W/m2 K? The tube has a mean diameter of
12.5 mm and its wall presents negligible resistance to heat transfer.

Answer: 𝟕. 𝟐𝟏
5. MCQ
Water at the rate of 68 kg/min is heated from 35°Cto 75°C by an oil having a specific
heat of 1.9 kJ/kg. °C. The fluids are used in a counterflow double-pipe heat exchanger,
and the oil enters the exchanger at 110°C and leaves at 75°C. The overall heat-
transfer coefficient is 320 W/m2 . °C. The heat-exchanger surface area is _____ m2 .
A. 10.82 B. 15.84
C. 20.82 D. 10.57

Answer: B
6. MCQ
In a counter flow heat exchanger, oil (cp = 3 kJ/kgK) at the rate of 1400 kg/hr is
cooled from 100°C to 30°C by water that enters the exchanger at 20°C at the rate of
1300 kg/hr. The heat transfer area for an overall heat transfer coefficient of
3975 kJ/m2 − hr − K is ____m2 .
A. 4.417 B. 2.417
C. 0.417 D. 3.417

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers Answer: A

HEAT TRANSFER
DPP-27
(30/06/2022)
1. MCQ
In a solar-assisted air-conditioning system, 0.5 kg/s of ambient air at 270 K is to be
preheated by the same amount of air leaving the system at 295 K. If a counterflow
heat exchanger has an area of 30 m2 , and the overall heat transfer coefficient is
estimated to be 25 W/m2 . K, determine the outlet temperature of the preheated air.
Take cp for air as 1000 J/kgK.
A. 280 K B. 285 K
C. 290 K D. 295 K

Answer: B
2. MCQ
A counter flow heat exchanger is used to cool 2000 kg/hr of oil (Cp = 2.5 kJ/kgK)
from 105°C to 30°C by the use of water entering at 15°C. If the overall heat transfer
coefficient is expected to be 1.5 kW/m2 K,The NTU of heat exchanger is ____.
Presume that the exit temperature of the water is not to exceed 80°C.
A. 1.84 B. 2.84
C. 3.84 D. 4.84

Answer: C
3. MSQ
Hot water having specific heat 4200 J/kgK flows through a heat exchanger at the rate
of 4 kg/min with an inlet temperature of 100°C. A cold fluid having a specific heat
2400 J/kgK flows in at a rate of 8 kg/min and with inlet temperature 20°C.
(A) The maximum possible effectiveness for Parallel flow arrangement is 0.533
(B) The maximum possible effectiveness for Parallel flow arrangement is 1
(C) The maximum possible effectiveness for Counter flow arrangement is 0.533
(D) The maximum possible effectiveness for Counter flow arrangement is 1

Answer: A, D
4. CONVENTIONAL
A one shell pass, one tube pass heat exchanger, has counter flow configuration
between the shell side and tube side fluids. The number of tubes within the heat
exchanger is 10 and the tube dimensions are ID = 10 mm, OD = 12 mm and length =
1 m saturated dry steam enters the shell side at flow rate of 2 kg/s with an inlet
temperature of 100°C, while cooling water enters the tube side at flow rate of
10 kg/s with an inlet temp of 25°C. The OHTC based on the outer surface area of the
tubes is 50 W/m2 K. The specific heat of water is 4.18 kJ/kg-K and the latent heat of
steam is 2500 kJ/kg. What is the condition of the steam at the exit.

Answer: Wet Vapour, 0.999725

5. CONVENTIONAL
A counter flow heat exchanger is to heat air entering at 400°C with a flow rate of
6 kg/s by the exhaust gas entering at 800°C with a flow rate of 4 kg/s. The overall
heat transfer coefficient is 100 W/(m2 K) and the outlet temperature of the air is
551.5°C. Specific heat at constant pressure for both air and the exhaust gas can be
taken as 1100 J(kgK). Calculate the heat transfer area needed and the number of
transfer units.
[GATE-1995: 5 M]

Answer: 𝟒𝟕. 𝟗𝟗 𝐦𝟐 , 1.091

6. CONVENTIONAL
A hot fluid at 200°C enters a heat exchanger at a mass flow rate of 104 kg/hr. Its
specific heat is 2000 J/kgK. It is to be cooled by another fluid entering at 25°C with a
mass flow rate 2500 kg/hr and specific heat 400 J/kgK. The overall heat transfer
coefficient based on outside area of 20 m2 is 250 W/m2 K. Find the exit temperature
of the hot fluid when the fluids are in parallel flow.

Answer: 𝟏𝟗𝟏. 𝟔𝟕𝟖 °𝐂

HEAT TRANSFER
DPP-26
(29/06/2022)
1. MCQ
A counter flow heat exchanger is used to cool 2000 kg/hr of oil (Cp = 2.5 kJ/kgK)
from 105°C to 30°C by the use of water entering at 15°C. If the overall heat transfer
coefficient is expected to be 1.5 kW/m2 K,The effectiveness of heat exchanger is ____.
Presume that the exit temperature of the water is not to exceed 80°C.
A. 0.633 B. 0.833
C. 0.533 D. 0.733

Answer: B
2. MSQ
In a certain double pipe heat exchanger hot water flows at a rate of 5000 kg/h and
gets cooled from 95°C to 65°C. At the same time 50000 kg/h of cooling water at 30°C
enters the heat exchanger. The flow conditions are such that overall heat transfer
coefficient remains constant at 2270 W/m2 K. Assuming two streams are in parallel
flow. Assume for the both the streams cp = 4.2 kJ/kgK.
(A) The heat transfer area required is 22.95 m2
(B) The heat transfer area required is 32.95 m2
(C) The effectiveness is 0.461
(D) The effectiveness is 0.661

Answer: C only
3. NAT
A shell and tube heat exchanger is used as a steam condenser. Coolant water enters
the tube at 300 K at a rate of 100 kg/s. The overall heat transfer coefficient is
1500 W/m2 . K, and total heat transfer area is 400 m2 . Steam condenses at a
saturation temperature of 350 K. Assume that the specific heat of coolant water is
4000 J/kg. K. The temperature of the coolant water coming out of the condenser is
____ K (round off to the nearest integer)
[GATE-2021-ME]

Answer: 337 to 341

4. MCQ
In a food processing plant, a brine solution is heated from -12℃ to −6.5℃ in a double
pipe parallel flow heat exchanger by water entering at 35℃ and leaving at 20.5℃ at
the rate of 9 kg/min. Determine the heat exchanger area for an overall heat transfer
coefficient of 860 W/m2 K. For water cp = 4.186 ×103 J/kg K.
A. 0.193 B. 0.293
C. 0.093 D. 0.393

Answer: 𝐁
5. NAT
A tubular heat exchanger is to be designed for cooling oil from a temperature of 80℃
to 30℃ by a large mass of stagnant water which may be assumed to remain constant
at a temperature of 20℃. The heat transfer surface consists of 30 m long straight tube
of 20 mm inside diameter. The oil (specific heat = 2.5 kJ/kg K and specific gravity = 0.8)
flows through the cylindrical tube with an average velocity of 50 cm/s. The overall heat
transfer coefficient for the oil cooler based on inner surface area is ________ kW/m2
K.

Answer: 0.2987
6. NAT
In a counter flow heat exchanger, oil (cp = 3 kJ/kg K) at the rate of 1400 kg/hr is cooled
from 100℃ to 30℃ by water that enters the exchanger at 20℃ at the rate of 1300
kg/hr. The heat exchanger area for an overall heat transfer coefficient of 3975 kJ/m2-
hr-K is ________ m2.

Answer: 4.3 to 4.5

7. MCQ
A counter-flow double pipe heat exchanger using superheated steam is used to hot
water at the rate of 10500 kg/h. The steam enters the heat exchanger at 180°C and
leaves at 130°C. The inlet and exit temperatures of water are 30°C and 80°C
respectively. If overall heat transfer coefficient from steam to water is 814 W/m2 °C,
The percentage increase in area if the fluid flows were parallel is _____%
A. 9.87 B. 7.89
C. 6.89 D. 1.95

Answer: A
HEAT TRANSFER
DPP-25
(28/06/2022)
MCQ
In a heat exchanger, it is observed that ∆T1 = ∆T2 , where ∆T1 is the temperature
difference between the two single phase fluid streams at one end and ∆T2 is the
temperature difference at the other end. This heat exchanger is
A. a condenser
B. an evaporator
C. a counter flow heat exchanger
D. a parallel flow heat exchanger
[GATE-2014-ME]

Answer: C
MCQ
In a counter flow heat exchanger, hot fluid enters at 60°C and cold fluid leaves at
30°C. Mass flow rate of the hot fluid is 1 kg/s and that the cold fluid is 2 kg/s.
Specific heat of the hot fluid is 10 kJ/kg K and that of the cold fluid is 5 kJ/kg K. The
Log Mean Temperature Difference (LMTD) for the heat exchanger in °C is
A. 15 B. 30
C. 35 D. 45
[GATE-2007-ME]

Answer: B
MCQ
Cold water flowing at 0.1 kg/s is heated from 20°C to 70°C in a counter flow type heat
exchanger by a hot water stream flowing at 0.1 kg/s and entering at 90°C. The specific
heat of water is 4200 J/kg K and density is 1000 kg/m3 . If the overall heat transfer
coefficient U for the heat exchanger is 2000 W/(m2 K) the required heat exchanger
area (in m2 ) is
A. 0.052 B. 0.525
C. 0.151 D. 0.202
[GATE-2011-ME]

Answer: B
MCQ
In a condenser of a power plant, the steam condenses at a temperature of 60°C. The
cooling water enters at 30°C & leaves at 45°C. The logarithmic mean temperature
difference (LMTD) of the condenser is.
A. 16.2°C B. 21.6°C
C. 30°C D. 37.5°C
[GATE-2011-ME]

Answer: B
HEAT TRANSFER
DPP-24
(27/06/2022)
MCQ
For the same inlet and exit temps of the hot and cold fluids, the log mean temperature
difference (LMTD) is
A. Greater for parallel flow heat exchanger than the counter flow heat exchanger
B. Greater for counter flow heat exchanger than the parallel flow heat exchanger
C. Same for both parallel and counter flow heat exchangers
D. Depending on the properties of fluid
[GATE-2002-ME]

Answer: B
MCQ
Air enters a counter flow HE at 70°C and leaves at 40°C. Water enters at 30°C and
leaves at 50°C, the LMTD in degree °C is
A. 5.65 B. 14.43
C. 19.52 D. 20.17
[GATE-2000-ME]

Answer: B
MCQ
In a counter flow heat exchanger, for the hot fluid the heat capacity = 2 kJ/kg. K,
mass flow rate = 5 kg/s, inlet temperature = 150°C, outlet temperature = 100°C.
For the cold fluid, heat capacity = 4 kJ/kg. K, mass flow rate = 10 kg/s, inlet
temperature = 20°C . Neglecting heat transfer to the surroundings, the outlet
temperature of the cold fluid in °C is
A. 7.5 B. 32.5
C. 45.5 D. 70.0
[GATE-2003-ME]

Answer: B
NAT
Hot and cold fluids enter a parallel flow double tube heat exchanger at 100°C and
15°C, respectively. The heat capacity rates of hot and cold fluids are Ch = 2000 W/K
and Cc = 1200 W/K, respectively. If the outlet temperature of the cold fluid is 45°C,
the log mean temperature difference (LMTD) of the heat exchanger is _____ K (round
off to two decimal places).
[GATE-2019-ME]

Answer: 57.00 to 58.00

NAT
A double pipe counter flow heat exchanger transfers heat between two water streams.
Tube side water at 19 litre/s is heated from 10°C to 38°C. Shell side water at 25 litre/s
is entering at 46°C. Assume constant properties of water, density is 1000 kg/m3 and
specific heat is 4186 J/kg.K. The LMTD (in °C) is _________
[GATE-2014-ME]

Answer: 10.8 to 11.2

HEAT TRANSFER
QUIZ 2
1. NAT
A spherical vessel of 1.5 m inner diameter and 60 mm thick has its inner and outer
surfaces maintained at a temperature difference of 250°C. If thermal conductivity of
the material is 0.080 W/m°C, the rate of heat leakage is ____W. (correct upto two
decimal places).

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

2. MCQ
A spherical ball having 10 mm diameter is covered by 1 mm thick plastic insulation
k = 0.15 W/m-K. The ball is exposed to a medium with a combined convection and
radiation heat transfer coefficient of 20 W/m2 -K. Due to addition of plastic insulation,
the heat loss from the ball to surroundings will
A. increase
B. decrease
C. increase to a maximum and then decrease
D. decrease to a minimum and then increase

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

3. NAT
A hollow sphere has inner and outer surface areas of 2 m2 and 8 m2 respectively. For
a given temperature difference across the surfaces, the heat flow is to be calculated
considering the material of the sphere as a plane wall of the same thickness. The
equivalent mean area normal to the direction of heat flow is ____m2 .

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

4. MCQ
The temperature profile at the surface x = 0 for a one-dimensional system shown
below.

The boundary condition at the surface x = 0 is that of

A. constant surface temperature
B. Finite heat Flux
C. Adiabatic surface
D. Convection surface condition

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

5. MCQ
A concrete slab of 120 cm thick having k = 1.15 W/m-K, both side surfaces are
maintained at 20°C. A 80 W/m3 of chemical energy is released at the time of curing.
The maximum thickness of the concrete without causing the temperature gradient to
exceed 98.5°C/m anywhere in the slab is _____ m. Assume 1-D(x-direction) Steady
state heat conduction with heat generation through the slab having constant
properties (Neglect negative sign)
A. 2.83
B. 2.04
C. 1.94
D. 3.02

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

6. NAT
The volumetric heat liberation rate of nuclear fuel rod of 10 mm diameter is 3.88 ×
108 W/m3 . Thermal conductivity of the rod is 58 W/m - K. If the maximum
temperature of the rod is 400°C, then the surface temperature is _____°C. (Round off
to one decimal place). Assume 1-D(radial direction) Steady state heat conduction with
uniform heat generation through the cylinder having constant properties.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

7. MSQ
300 amps current passes through a stainless steel wire of 2.5 mm diameter and k =
20 W/m-°C. The electrical resistance of the wire is 0.285 Ω and length of the wire is
2 m. The wire is submerged in a fluid maintained at 50°C and convective heat transfer
coefficient at the wire surface is 4 kW/m2 -°C. Assume 1-D (radial direction) steady
state heat conduction with volumetric heat generation through wire having constant
properties, wire is submerged in convective environment.
A. The volumetric heat generation rate is 24.1 ×
108 W/m3 to 26.9 × 108 W/m3 .
B. The volumetric heat generation rate is 12.6 ×
1010 W/m3 to 26.9 × 108 W/m3 .
C. The steady state temperature at centre is 504.2°C to
513.2°C.
D. The steady state temperature at centre is 452.8°C to
457.8°C.
Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers
8. NAT
An insulated spherical container is used to store liquid nitrogen. It has 0.5 m outer
diameter, 12 cm thickness of insulation. The thermal conductivity k is varies with
temperature as shown below
k T = 0.028(1 + 5 × 10−3 Tm )
T +T
Here Tm = i o (in °C). The surface temperature of the sphere is 90 K and the
2
outside surface is maintained at 20°C. The steady state heat transfer rate (magnitude)
is ____W. Assume 1-D (radial direction) steady state heat conduction without heat
generation in a hollow spherical shell having variable thermal conductivity.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

9. MSQ
Consider a homogeneous spherical piece of radioactive material of radius ro =
0.04 m. It is generating a volumetric heat of q = 5 × 107 W/m3 at constant rate. The
heat generated is dissipated to the environment steadily. The outer surface of the
sphere is maintained at a uniform temperature of 110°C and the thermal conductivity
of the sphere is k = 15 W/m-K. Assume steady 1-D, radial direction heat conduction
through sphere with volumetric heat generation having constant properties.
A. The governing differential equation is
1 d dT q
× r2 + =0
r2 dr dr k
B. The governing differential equation is
1 d dT q
× r + =0
r2 dr dr k
C. Temperature at the centre of sphere is 767.2°C to 770.2°C.
D. Temperature at the centre of sphere 997.5°C to 999.7°C.
Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers
10. MSQ
Radioactive wastes (k r = 20 W/m- K) are stored in a spherical stainless steel
container (k ss = 15 W/m-K) of inner and outer radii equal to R i = 0.5 m and R o =
0.6 m. Heat is generated volumetrically within the wastes at a uniform rate of q =
105 W/m3 , and the outer surface of the container is exposed to a water flow with h =
1000 W/m2 -K and T∞ = 25°C. Assume 1-D (radial direction) steady state heat
conduction with volumetric heat generation through sphere having constant
properties.
A. The steady-state outer surface temperature is 34.5°C to 39.6°C.
B. The steady-state outer surface temperature is 31.2°C to 32.1°C.
C. The steady-state inner surface temperature is 128.6°C to 131.4°C.
D. The steady-state inner surface temperature is 110.2°C to 111.2°C

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

11. MCQ
The steady-state temperature distribution in a one-dimensional wall of thermal
conductivity k and thickness L is of the form T = ax 3 + bx 2 + cx + d. The heat
generation rate per unit volume in the wall is (in W m3 )
A. k(6ax + 3b) B. −k(6ax + 3b)
C. – k 6ax + 2b D. k 3ax + 3b

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

12. MSQ
Consider the steady-state temperature distribution within a composite wall composed
of Material A & Material B. Consider the following two cases.

Continue…

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

 I. Linear temperature distribution exist in both materials in Case 1.
II. Non-linear temperature distribution exist in both materials in case 2.
Assume 1-D (x-direction), steady state heat conduction with heat generation
through the composite wall having constant properties. Neglect contact resistance.
A. For Case I, the temperature gradient is constant in Material B only.
B. For Case I, thermal conductivity of each material not vary significantly with
temperature.
C. For Case II, Material A, thermal conductivity increases with increasing material
temperature.
D. For Case II, Material B, the temperature gradient is smaller at lower
temperatures.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

13. NAT
Consider a large plane wall of thickness L = 0.05 m. The wall surface at x = 0 is
insulated. At x = L, the surface is maintained at a temperature of 30°C. The thermal
conductivity of the wall is k = 30 W/m-K. The volumetric heat generation rate in the
wall is
q = qo e−0.5x/L W/m3 , where q o = 8 × 106 W/m3 . The temperature at the insulated
surface is _____°C (Round off to one decimal place). Assume 1-D(x-direction) and
steady state heat transfer with constant thermal conductivity, heat generation varies
with location in the x-direction.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

 ANSWER KEYS (QUIZ)
1. 2544.66 to 2544.72 8. 10.85 to 12.25

2. C 9. A, D

3. 4 to 4 10. A, C

4. C 11. C

5. A 12. B, C, D

6. 357.2 to 359.2 13. 312.4 to 316.4

7. A, C
 ESE/CSE/IFS CONVENTIONAL
QUESTIONS
FINS

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

1. NAT
With usual notations, develop an expression for the efficiency of a fin of uniform cross-
section when the heat loss from the tip is considered negligible
[CSE-2005-ME-30 M]

𝐭𝐚𝐧𝐡 𝐦𝐋
Answer: 𝛈𝐟𝐢𝐧 =
𝐦𝐋

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

2. NAT
The temperature of a gas flowing through a pipe was measured by a mercury-in-glass
thermometer, dipped in an oil-filled steel tube welded radially to the pipeline. The
thermometer indicates a temperature lower than the gas temperature. How large is
the error in the temperature measurement if the thermometer reads 85°C and the
temperature of the pipe wall is 40°C? The steel tube is 125 mm long and has
1.5 mm thick wall. The thermal conductivity of this tube material is 56 W/m-K and the
local heat transfer coefficient between the gas and the tube is 23.5 W/m2 -K. In what
way the thermometric error can be reduced?
[CSE-2006-ME-30 M]
Answer: Error = 𝟏𝟒. 𝟒𝟖°𝐂
To reduce error, 𝛉𝐋 should be minimum,
(i) increase 𝐡
(ii) reduce 𝐤
(iii) long width in wall, product may be placed obliquely to produce longer Insertion.
Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers
3. NAT
A very long AISI 316 stainless steel (k = 14 W/m-K) rod 5 mm in diameter has one
end maintained at 100°C. The surface of the rod is exposed to ambient air at 30°C
with average convective heat transfer coefficient of 50 W/m2 -K. Neglecting radiation
heat transfer, estimate how long the rod must be to treat it as “infinitely long” to yield
a reasonable accurate estimation of heat loss. If the rod is made of copper k =
350 W/m-K, will the length be different? How much will it be and why? Compare the
heat transfer rates for both the rods. The analysis may be based on fin tip heat loss
alone.
[CSE-2012-ME-12 M]

Answer: 𝟓. 𝟎𝟗𝟏𝟓 𝐖
Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers
4. NAT
Two long slender rods A and B, made of different materials having same diameter of
12 mm and length 1 m, are attached to a surface maintained at a temperature of
100°C. The surfaces of the rods are exposed to ambient still air at 20°C. By traversing
along the length of the rods with a temperature sensor, it is found that the surface
temperatures of rods A and B are equal at positions 15 cm and 7.5 cm respectively
away from the base surface. If material of A is carbon steel with thermal conductivity
60 W/m-K, what is the thermal conductivity of rod B? List the assumptions made.
Assume that the average convection coefficient air is 5 W/m2 -K. Find the ratio of the
rate of heat transfer for rods A and B.
[CSE-2014-ME-20 M]

𝐤𝐀
Answer: =𝟐
𝐤𝐁
Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers
HEAT TRANSFER
DPP-23
(25/06/2022)
1. NAT
Area of cross – section of a fin is 5 cm2 and total area of the fin is 100 cm2 . If the
efficiency of the fin is 40% , the effectiveness will be ______ (Round off to nearest
integer).

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

2. MSQ
Consider the following arrangement of insulated tip fins
I. 10 fins of 5 cm length
II. 5 fins of 10 cm length
Assume the following data:
Diameter of fin = 10 mm
Thermal conductivity = 45 W/ m - K
Heat transfer coefficient = 95 W/m2 -K. Assume negligible heat loss from fin tip.
A. ηfin I > ηfin II .
B. Qfin I < Qfin II .
C. Small number of large fins should be installed on a surface to increase the heat
transfer rate.
D. large number of short fins should be installed on a surface to increase the heat
transfer rate.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

3. MSQ
A longitudinal copper fin (k = 380 W/m-K) 6 cm long and 5 mm diameter is exposed to
air stream at 20°C. The convective heat transfer coefficient is 20 W/m2 -K. The fin
base temperature is 150°C. Neglect the heat loss from the end surface.
A. Heat transfer rate from the fin is 3.12 W to 3.64 W.
B. Heat transfer rate from the fin 2.28 W to 2.39 W.
C. Fin efficiency is 92% to 98%.
D. Fin efficiency is 83% to 88%.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

4. NAT
An aluminium heat sink for electronic components has a base width 50 mm and length
70 mm. There are 8 aluminium fins ( k = 180 W/m-K )of height 12 mm and
thickness 3 mm. Fins are cooled by air at 25°C with a convective heat transfer
coefficient of 10 W/m2 -K. Assume the heat transfer coefficient is uniform all along the
fin and the tip. The total heat dissipation rate from the whole sink (fins with
convection heat transfer from tip + un-finned area) for a base temperature of 50°C is
________ W (Round off to 3 decimal places).
3 mm

N=8 12 mm

50 mm
Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers
 ANSWER KEYS – (DPP )
1. 𝟕. 𝟗 𝐭𝐨 𝟖. 𝟏 5. 𝟒. 𝟐𝟔𝟒 𝐭𝐨 𝟒. 𝟒𝟔𝟒

2. A, D

3. B, C

4. 𝟒. 𝟐𝟔𝟒 𝐭𝐨 𝟒. 𝟒𝟔𝟒
HEAT TRANSFER
DPP-22
(24/06/2022)
1. MSQ
Three rods (A, B, C) each of 10 mm diameter is protrude from a steam bath at 100°C
to a length of 25 cm into a temperature at 20°C. The temperatures at the other ends
of the three rods are TA = 26.76°C , TB = 32°C , TC = 36.93°C . Assume h =
23 W m2 -K in each case. Neglect the heat loss from the tips.
A. Thermal conductivity of rod A k A = 47.26 W m-K to 49.26 W/m-K.
B. Thermal conductivity of rod B k B = 88.1 W m-K to 89.1 W/m-K.
C. Thermal conductivity of rod C k C = 115.1 W m-K to 115.9 W/m-K.
D. Thermal conductivity of rod D k A = 57.0 W m-K to 58.0 W/m-K.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

2. MSQ
A stainless steel fin (k = 20 W m-K) having a diameter of 20 mm and a length of
0.1 m is attached to a wall at 300°C. The ambient temperature is 50°C and the heat
transfer coefficient is 10 W m2 -K. Assume the fin tip is insulated.
A. Rate of heat transfer from the fin is 11.23 W to 12.06 W.
B. Rate of heat transfer from the fin is 14.12 W to 14.72 W.
C. Temperature at the fin tip is 160°C to 16.2°C.
D. Temperature at the fin tip is 210°C to 214°C.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

3. NAT
A copper fin (k = 396 W m-K) of 0.25 cm in diameter protrudes from a wall at 95°C
into ambient air at 25°C. The convective heat transfer coefficient is 10 W m2 -K.
Consider following cases.
I. For infinitely long fin, the heat loss rate is Q1 (in W).
II. The fin is 2.5 cm long and the coefficient at the end is the same as around the
circumference, the heat loss rate is Q 2 (in W).
Q1
The ratio of is _____. (round off to two decimal places)
Q2

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

4. MCQ
A steel rod of 15 cm diameter, 90 cm long and having k = 40 W m-K, attached to its
wall dissipates heat at the rate of 45 W with convective heat transfer coefficient h =
15 W m2 -K. Take T∞ = 30°C, the wall temperature (in °C). Assume fin having
convection heat transfer from tip.
A. 134.65
B. 112.26
C. 122.74
D. 97.36

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

5. NAT
A cylindrical fin is 3 mm in diameter and 3 cm long. It is made of copper having k =
2
350 W m-K. Take h = 10 W m -K, and final and initial temperatures of fin are Tf =
20°C, T1 = 120°C respectively. The temperature at the fin tip is _____°C. (Round off to
one decimal place). Assume heat loss from the fin tip is negligible.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

 ANSWER KEYS – (DPP )
1. B, C, D 5. 𝟏𝟏𝟖. 𝟎 to 𝟏𝟏𝟖. 𝟗

2. A, D

3. 𝟔. 𝟏𝟎 to 𝟔. 𝟐𝟎

4. A
HEAT TRANSFER
DPP-21
(23/06/2022)
Consider an insulated tip iron fin of length 50 mm width 100 mm and thickness 5 mm
mounted on the base wall. Assume k = 210 kJ/mh°C for the material of the fin and
the temperature at the base of the fin as 80°C. If the atmosphere temperature is
20°C & h = 42 kJ/m2 h°C, then
A. Find out the rate of heat dissipation from fin in kJ/h.
B. Determine the temperature at tip of the fin in °C.

Answer: 24.75 𝐤𝐉/𝐡 & 74.21°𝐂

Insulated tip Aluminium fins (wider & thinner) of rectangular profile are attached on a
plane wall with 5 mm spacing. The fins have thickness t = 1 mm, length L = 10 mm,
and the thermal conductivity, k=200 W/mK. The wall is maintained at a temperature
200°C, and the fins dissipate heat by convection into the ambient air at 40°C, with
heat transfer coefficient h = 50 W/m2 K. Determine the heat dissipation rate per unit
width in W/m.

Answer: 157.38 W/m

HEAT TRANSFER
DPP-20
(22/06/2022)
MCQ
Two rods, one of length L and the other of length 2L are made of the same material
and have the same diameter. The two ends of the longer rod are maintained at 100°C.
One end of the shorter rod is maintained at 100°C while the other end is insulated.
Both the rods are exposed to the same environment at 40°C. The temp at the
insulated end of the shorter rod is measured to be 55°C. The temp at the midpoint of
the longer rod would.
A. 40°C B. 50°C
C. 55°C D. 100°C
[GATE-1992-ME]

Answer: C
MSQ
A longitudinal copper fin (k = 380 W/m°C) 600 mm long and 5 mm diameter exposed
to air stream at 20°C. The convective heat transfer coefficient is 20 W/m2 °C. If the fin
is having insulated tip & base temperature 150°C,
(A) The heat dissipation rate is 6.29 kJ/h
(B) The heat dissipation rate is 22.64 kJ/h
(C) The efficiency of the fin is 66.25%
(D) The efficiency of the fin is 25.66%

Answer: B & D
MCQ
One end of the long rod 35 mm in diameter, is inserted into a furnace with the other
end projecting in the outside air having heat transfer coefficient of 65 W/m2 °C and
temperature 25°C and thermal conductivity of the fin material is 51.2 W/m°C, the
effectiveness of the fin was found that 9.5. If the heat transfer coefficient of the air to
which the fin is exposed is reduced to 25 W/m2 °C, then the effectiveness of the fin
(assuming long fin) is
A. 24.7 B. 13.6
C. 15.32 D. 234

Answer: C
MCQ
A steel rod, 15 cm dia, 90 cm long, k = 40 W/mK, attached to a base wall dissipates
heat at the rate of 45 W to surrounding having h = 15 W/m2 K. & temperature 30°C
The temperature of the base wall, if heat dissipation is also through tip of the fin is
_____ °C.
A. 20.13 B. 30.13
C. 50.13 D. 60.13

Answer: C
HEAT TRANSFER
DPP-19
(21/06/2022)
MCQ
An infinitely long pin fin, attached to an isothermal hot surface, transfers heat at a
steady rate of Q1 to the ambient air. If the thermal conductivity of the fin material is
doubled, while keeping everything else constant, the rate of steady-state heat transfer
from the fin becomes Q2 . The Q2 /Q1 is
A. 2 B. 2
C. 1/ 2 D. 1/2
[GATE-2021-ME]

Answer: A
MCQ
A fin has 5 mm diameter and 100 mm length. The thermal conductivity of fin material
is 400 Wm−1 K −1 . One end of the fin maintained at 1300 C and its remaining surface is
exposed to ambient air at 300 C. If the convective heat transfer coefficient is
40 Wm−2 K −1 , the heat loss (in W) from the fin is
A. 0.08 B. 5.0
C. 7.0 D. 7.8
[GATE-2010-ME]

Answer: B
A motor body is 360 mm in diameter (outside) and 240 mm long. Its surface
temperature should not exceed 55°C when dissipating 340 W. Longitudinal fins of 15
mm thickness and 40 mm height are proposed. The convection coefficient is
40 W/m2 °C. Determine the number of fins required. Atmospheric temperature is
30°C. Thermal conductivity = 40 W/m°C.
A. 6 B. 16
C. 26 D. 20

Answer: B
A carbon steel (k = 54 W/m°C) rod with a cross-section of an equilateral triangle
(each side 5 mm) is 80 mm long. It is attached to a plane wall which is maintained at a
temperature of 400°C. The surrounding environment is at 50°C and unit surface
conductance is 90 W/m2 °C. The heat dissipated by the rod is ________ W.
A. 48.06 B. 8.46
C. 9.82 D. 2.98

Answer: C
HEAT TRANSFER
DPP-18
(20/06/2022)
1. NAT
One end of a long rod is inserted into a furnace, other end projects into ambient air.
Under steady state the temperature of the rod is measured at two points 75 mm apart
and found to be 125°C and 88.5°C respectively, the ambient temperature is 20°C. The
diameter of the rod is 25 mm. If the convective heat transfer coefficient is 23.36 W/
m2 -K, then the thermal conductivity of the rod material is ______ W/m-K (Round off
to 2 decimal places) Assume 1-D (x-direction) steady state heat conduction without
heat generation through the infinitely long fin having constant properties.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

2. MCQ
Consider two long rods of the same diameter. One is brass (k b =85 W/m-K) and the
other of copper (k c =375 W/m-K) have one of their ends inserted in a furnace and the
other ends exposed to the same atmosphere. At a distance of 105 mm away from the
furnace the temperature of the brass rod is 120°C. For the brass rod the required
distance from the furnace end, to attain the same temperature 120°C , is _______
(in mm). Assume 1-D (x-direction) steady state heat conduction without heat
generation through the infinitely long fin having constant properties. Both rods are
exposed to same environment.
A. 192.4 B. 201.2
C. 188.6 D. 220.5

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

3. NAT
One end of a long rod is inserted into a furnace, other end projects into ambient air.
Under steady state, the temperature of the rod is measured at two points 10 cm apart
and found to be 125°C and 91°C respectively, the ambient temperature is 28°C. The
diameter of the rod is 2 cm and k rod = 161 W/m -K. The convective heat transfer
coefficient is ______W/m2 -K. (Round off to one decimal place). Assume 1-D (x-
direction) steady state heat conduction without heat generation through the infinitely
long fin having constant properties.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

4. MCQ
A long slender bar has one of its end in a furnace and has reached a steady – state
condition. The temperature at 25 cm from the furnace was found to be T. If now the
heat transfer coefficient is increased to ′n′ times such that the same temperature is
now found at a location of 15 cm, then the value of nn is ______ .
A. 36.32 B. 25
C. 17.08 D. 15.49

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

5. MCQ
A long rod of 12 mm square section made of low carbon steel protrudes into air at
35°C from a furnace wall at 200°C. The convective heat transfer coefficient is
22 W/m2 – K, and k rod = 51.9 W/m-K. The location from the wall at which the
temperature will be 60°C is (in mm) Assume 1-D (x −direction) steady state heat
conduction without heat generation through the infinitely long fin having constant
properties.
A. 159 B. 140
C. 122 D. 150

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

 ANSWER KEYS – (DPP )
1. 𝟏𝟏𝟒. 𝟐 𝐭𝐨 𝟏𝟏𝟓. 𝟗 5. A

2. D

3. 𝟏𝟒. 𝟖 𝐭𝐨 𝟏𝟓. 𝟐

4. C
 ESE/CSE/IFS CONVENTIONAL
QUESTIONS
CONDUCTION (CYLINDRICAL &
SPHERICAL COORDINATES)

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

1. A steel pipe having internal diameter of 2 cm, outer diameter of 2.4 cm and
thermal conductivity of steel of 54 W m-K carries hot water at 95°C. Heat transfer
coefficient between the inner surface of steel pipe and the hot water is 600 W m2 −K
An asbestos insulation with thermal conductivity of 0.2 W m −K and thickness 2 cm is
put on the steel pipe. Heat is lost from the outer surface of the asbestos insulated pipe
to the surrounding air at 30°C, heat transfer coefficient for the outer surface of the
insulation being 8 W m2 −K.
Determine: (i) The rate of heat transfer per meter length of the pipe.
(ii) Determine the temperature at the inner, outer surfaces of the steel pipe and the
outer surface of the insulation.
(iii) What do you understand by the term “critical radius of insulation”? What is the
value of critical radius in the above question? What is the rate of heat loss, if
thickness of insulation were to correspond to critical radius? Comment on the
results.
[ESE, 10 marks: 2011]
Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers
 Answer:
(i) 𝟒𝟓. 𝟓 𝐖/𝐦
(ii) 𝐓𝟏 = 𝟗𝟑. 𝟖°𝐂
𝐓𝟐 = 𝟗𝟑. 𝟕𝟕𝟔°𝐂
𝐓𝟑 = 𝟓𝟖. 𝟑°𝐂
(iii) 𝟐. 𝟓𝐜𝐦, 𝟒𝟔. 𝟐 𝐖/𝐦.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

2. Consider a solid sphere of radius R, the surface of which is maintained at t s. If the
sphere has a uniform internal heat generation rate of q per unit volume, derive
expressions for the temperature distribution in the sphere and the temperature at the
sphere center. Take the thermal conductivity to be constant.

[ESE, 15 marks : 2013]

Answer:
𝐪𝐑𝟐 𝐫 𝟐
𝐓= 𝟏− + 𝐭𝐬
𝟔𝐤 𝐑

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

3. A copper wire of 5.2 mm diameter is insulated with a layer of PVC of thermal
conductivity 0.43 W m −K. The wire carries current and its temperature is 60°C. Film
coefficient on the air side is 11.35 W m2 −K. Calculate the critical thickness of
insulation. Also calculate the heat loss from the wire with the critical thickness of
insulation. Find the heat transfer for insulation thickness of 20 mm and 60 mm.
Ambient air temperature is 30°C.

[ESE, 10 marks: 2015]

Answer:
𝟑𝟓. 𝟐𝟖 𝐦𝐦, 𝟐𝟐. 𝟎𝟐𝟔 𝐖, 𝟐𝟏. 𝟏𝟏 𝐖, 𝟐𝟏. 𝟒𝟏 𝐖

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

4. Liquid nitrogen is stored in a spherical thin walled metallic container at 77 K
temperature. The container is of 1.0 metre diameter and is covered with evacuated
silica powder. The insulation is 20 mm thick and the outer surface is exposed to the
surrounding air at 300 K. The convective heat transfer coefficient of the exposed
surface is 25 W m2 −K. The density and latent heat of vaporization of the liquid
nitrogen are 804 kg m3 and 2 × 105 J∕kg respectively. Determine the rate of heat
transfer to the liquid nitrogen and the rate of liquid boil-off. The thermal conductivity
(k) of evacuated silica powder is 0.0017 W mK. Neglect the thermal resistance of the
metallic container.
[ESE, 10 marks : 2016]

Answer: 𝟑. 𝟎𝟖𝟔 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟒 𝐤𝐠/𝐬.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

5. The fuel rod of a nuclear reactor is lagged with a tight fitting cladding material to
prevent oxidation of the surface of the fuel rod by direct contact with the coolant. The
heat generation occurs only in the fuel rod according to the following relation: qg =
r2
qO 1 − . Under steady state conditions, heat generated in the fuel rod is
R2
conducted through the cladding material and then dissipated to the coolant flowing
around the cladding by convection. Assuming that there is no contact resistance
between the fuel rod and cladding, derive an expression for the heat flux through the
fuel rod and cladding material.
[ESE, 12 marks : 2019]

𝐪𝟎 𝐑 𝐪𝟎 𝐑𝟐
Answer: ;
𝟒 𝟒𝐫

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

6. A hollow sphere of inside radius 3 cm and outside radius 5 cm is electrically heated
at inner surface at a constant rate of heat flux of 105 W m2 . The outer surface of the
sphere dissipates heat to the surrounding air at 40°C. Assuming k = 15 W m − K for
the sphere material and h = 400 W m2 −K, calculate the inner and outer surface
temperatures of the sphere.

[ESE, 12 marks : 2020]

𝐀𝐧𝐬𝐰𝐞𝐫: 𝐓𝒐 = 𝟏𝟑𝟎 °𝐂 , 𝐓𝐢 = 𝟐𝟏𝟎°𝐂

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers
7. A small hemispherical oven is built of two insulating material. The inner layer is of
fire brick, 125 mm thick and outer layer is of 85% magnesia, 40 mm thick. The inner
surface of the oven is at 800°C and the heat transfer coefficient for the outer surface
is 10 W m2 −K. The room temperature is 20°C. Calculate the heat loss through
hemisphere with the inside radius is 0.6 m. The thermal conductivities of fire brick
85% magnesia are 0.31 and 0.05 W m −K respectively. Also calculate the
temperature at contact between insulating materials and at the outer surface.

[CSE (Mains), 2003 : 20 Marks]

Answer: 𝐐 = 𝟏. 𝟗𝟐𝟗 𝐤𝐖, 𝐓𝐂 = 𝟕𝟖𝟖. 𝟑𝟏 𝐊

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers
8. The thermal conductivity of a hollow sphere of inside radius (R i ) and outside radius
(R 0 ) is given by
T − Ti
k = k i + (k o − k i )
T0 −Ti
Where, Ti =Inner surface temperature and To =Outside surface temperature Prove
that:
(i) The heat flow rate is given by
ki +ko Ti −T0
Q = 4πR i R 0
2 R0 −Ri
(ii) Also determine the heat loss from a spherical shell whose Di = 2.5 m and covered
with 30 cm of insulation. The thermal conductivity of insulation is 0.3 W m −K and
0.2 W m −K at inner and outer surface temperatures of 150°C and −15°C
respectively.
[CSE (Mains), 2009 : 20 Marks]

Answer: (ii) 𝟑𝟑𝟒𝟕. 𝟕𝟔 𝐖.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers
9. The volumetric heat generation rate in a cylindrical nuclear reactor fuel rod of
5 cm diameter is 5 × 107 W m3 . Under steady state operating condition, the
temperature distribution in the rod is T = 800 − 4.167 × 105 r 2 . Density, specific het
and thermal conductivity of rod material are 1100 kg m3 , 800 J/ kg −K and
30 W m −K respectively.
(i) What are the rates of heat transfer per unit length of the rod at the centre line (axis)
and at the rod surface?
(ii) If the reactor power level is suddenly increased to 108 W m3 , what are the initial
time rate of change of temperature at the centre line and at the surface?

[CSE (Mains), 2012 : 20 Marks]

Answer:
(i) Zero, 𝟎. 𝟗𝟖𝟏𝟖 × 𝟏𝟎𝟓 𝐖/𝐦
(ii) 56.82 K/s.
Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers
10. The outer and inner surfaces of a thick hollow cylinder have areas 1.25 m2 and
0.25 m2 respectively. The thickness of the cylinder is 10 cm and the thermal
conductivity of the cylinder is 50 W m −K. Find the radial heat transfer through the
cylinder for 100°C temperature difference at the surfaces. Derive the formula used.

[CSE (Mains), 2014 : 10 Marks]

𝐓𝐢 −𝐓𝒐
Answer: 𝐐 = 𝟏 𝒓𝒐
; 𝟑𝟏. 𝟎𝟔𝟕 𝐤𝐖.
𝟐𝛑𝒌𝐋
𝐥𝐧 𝒓𝐢

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

11. A steam pipe (inner diameter = 150 mm and outer diameter = 160 mm) having thermal
conductivity 58 W m −K is covered with two layers of insulation of thicknesses 30 mm and
50 mm respectively and thermal conductivities 0.18 W m −K and 0.09 W m −K respectively.
The temperature of inner surface of the steam pipe is 320°C and that of the outer surface of the
insulation layers is 40°C.
(i) Determine the quantity of heat lost per metre length of the steam pipe and layer contact
temperature.
(ii) If the condition of the steam is dry and saturated, find the quality of the steam coming out of
one metre pipe assuming that the quantity of steam flowing is 0.32 kg/min.
[Use the data: At 320°C Saturation temperature hf = 1463 kJ/kg, hfg = 1240 kJ/kg, hg =
2703 kJ/kg]
[CSE (Mains), 2014 : 10 Marks]

Answer:
(i) 𝟐𝟗𝟔 . 𝟒𝟗 𝐖, (ii) 𝟎. 𝟗𝟓𝟓
Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers
12. Heat is generated uniformly in uranium (k = 29.5 W/m-K) rods of 5 cm diameter
at the rate of 7.5 × 107 W/m3 . Cooling water at 120°C is circulated in the annulus
around the rods with heat transfer coefficient of 55 kW/m2 -K. Find the maximum
temperature of the fuel rods.

[CSE (Mains), 2018 : 10 Marks]

Answer: 𝟖𝟎𝟕. 𝟐𝟖𝟓 𝐊

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

13. A 1 mm diameter electric wire is covered with 2 mm thick layer of insulation
{ k = 0.5 W m −K). Air surrounding the wire is at 25°C and h = 10 W m2 −K. The
wire temperature is 100°C. Find the rate of heat dissipation from the insulated wire
per unit length. Also, find the maximum value of heat dissipation per unit length for
the corresponding critical thickness of insulation.

[CSE (Mains), 2019 : 10 Marks]

Answer: 𝟏𝟎. 𝟗𝟎𝟑 𝐖/𝐦 ; 𝟒𝟐. 𝟎𝟑𝟔 𝐖/𝐦.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

14. A 3 cm outer diameter steam pipe is to be covered with two layers of insulations,
each having a thickness of 2.5 cm. The average thermal conductivity of one material is
5 times that of the other. Determine the percent change in heat transfer if better
insulating material is next to pipe than when it is in the outer layer. Assume that the
outside and inside surface temperatures of the composite insulation are fixed.

[IFS (Mains), 2001 , 2017 : 20 Marks]

Answer: 𝟓𝟖. 𝟏𝟑 %
Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers
15. A steel pipe 120 mm diameter and 5 mm wall thickness, carrying steam at 300°C
is insulated with 45 mm of glass wool followed by 50 mm of asbestos felt. The
ambient temperature is 25°C. The heat transfer coefficients at the inside and outside
surfaces are 650 and 20 W m2 −Krespectively. The thermal conductivities of steel,
glass, wool and asbestos felt are 55 W m −K , 0.09 W m −K and
0.06 W m −Krespectively. Calculate the rate of heat loss per unit length of pipe and
the temperature of the outside surface.

[IFS (Mains), 2001 : 20 Marks]

Answer: 𝟏𝟑𝟗. 𝟎𝟎𝟖𝟗 𝐖, 𝟑𝟏. 𝟗𝟏𝟒°𝐂.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

16. A steam pipe 75 mm OD and 30 m long conveys 1000 kg of steam/hour at a
pressure of 2MN/m2 . The steam enters the pipe with a dryness fraction of 0.98 and is
to leave the other end of the pipe with a minimum dryness fraction of 0.96. This is to
be accomplished by suitably insulating the pipe, the thermal conductivity of insulating
material being 0.19 W m −K. Neglecting the temperature drop along the steam pipe,
determine the minimum thickness of insulation required to meet the necessary
conditions. Take the temperature of outside surface of insulation as 27°C. For steam at
2 MN/m2 , t s = 212.4°C and hfg = 1888.6 kJ/kg .
[IFS (Mains), 2004 : 10 Marks]

Answer: 𝟑𝟑. 𝟏𝟏 𝐦𝐦
Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers
17. The inner surface at r = a and the outer surface at r = b of a hollow cylinder are
maintained at uniform temperatures of T1 and T2 respectively. The thermal
conductivity k of the solid is constant. Develop an expression for the one-dimensional
steady – state temperature distribution T(r) in the cylinder. Also, develop an
expression for the radial heat flow rate Q through the cylinder over a length H.

[IFS (Mains), 2007 : 10 Marks]

Answer:
𝐥𝐧 𝐫/𝐛
𝐭 = 𝐓𝟐 + 𝐓𝟏 − 𝐓𝟐
𝐥𝐧 𝐚/𝐛
𝟐𝛑𝐤𝐇 𝐓𝟏 − 𝐓𝟐
𝐐=
𝐥𝐧 𝐛/𝐚
Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers
18. Discuss the nature of variation of heat losses from the outer surface of an
insulated pipe with increase in thickness of insulation to the surrounding.
What do you understand by the term ‘critical radius’? Determine the value of critical
radius, if outside heat transfer coefficient from the surface to the surrounding is
15 W/m2 - K and thermal conductivity of insulating material is 0.6 W/m-K.

[IFS (Mains), 2008 : 10 Marks]

Answer: 𝟒 𝐜𝐦.
Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers
19. For some high degree of research work in the field of medicine, liquid nitrogen is
stored in a spherical thin-walled metallic container at 100 K. The container has a
diameter of 0.8 m and is covered with an evacuated reflective insulation composed of
silica powder (k = 0.0017 W/m-K). The insulation is 35 mm thick and the outer
surface is exposed to ambient air at 30°C. The convective heat transfer coefficient
between ambient air and insulation is 20 W/m2 -K. The latent heat of vaporization and
the density of liquid nitrogen are 200 kJ/kg and 805 kg/m3 respectively. Work out
the following:
(i) Sketch the system and thermal circuit, and write the assumptions made
(ii) The rate of heat transfer to the liquid nitrogen
(iii) The rate of liquid boil – off and the loss per day
[IFS (Mains), 2009 : 20 Marks]
Answer:
(ii) 𝟐𝟏. 𝟓𝟏𝟏 𝐖
(iii) 𝟎. 𝟑𝟖𝟕𝟐 𝐤𝐠/𝐡𝐫 ; 𝟗. 𝟐𝟗𝟐𝟖 𝐤𝐠/𝐝𝐚𝐲
Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers
20. The inner and outer surfaces of a spherical container are maintained at
temperatures of T1 = 200°C and T2 = 80°C, respectively. The container is having the
following dimensions:
Inner radius = 8 cm, outer radius = 10 cm. The thermal conductivity of the container
material is 45W/m−K. Obtain a general relation for the temperature distribution
inside the container under steady conditions and also, determine the rate of heat loss
from the container.

[IFS (Mains), 2020 : 8 Marks]

Answer:
𝟔𝟎𝟎 𝐫 − 𝟎. 𝟎𝟖
𝐓𝐫 = 𝟐𝟎𝟎 −
𝐫
𝐐 = 𝟐𝟕. 𝟏𝟒𝟑 𝐤𝐖
Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers
21. A 66 kV transmission line carrying a current of 900 ampere and having a diameter
of 10 mm is laid in a convective environment of 10 W/m2 -K and 35°C. The thermal
conductivity and electrical resistivity of the line material are 380 W/m -K and 1.75 ×
10−6 Ω-cm. Calculate the following:
(i) The heat generation per unit volume
(ii) The surface temperature of the line
(iii) The maximum temperature in the line

[IFS (Mains), 2006 : 10 Marks]

Answer:
𝐌𝐖
(i) 𝟐. 𝟐𝟗𝟖 𝟑
𝐦
(ii) 𝟔𝟎𝟗. 𝟒𝟗°𝐂
(iii) 𝟔𝟎𝟗. 𝟓𝟑°𝐂
Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers
22. Using an appropriate form of heat conduction equation for steady radial
conduction in a solid cylinder of radius R, with uniform heat generation per unit
volume, q′′′
g and with the surface temperature maintained at t s , derive an expression
for the temperature distribution in the cylinder in the following form:
q′′′
0 R
2 r 2
t = ts + 1−
4k R
where, k is thermal conductivity of the cylinder material, t is the temperature at a
radial distance, r from the centre line. If the solid cylinder is kept in a convective
environment with average heat transfer coefficient. h and ambient temperature, t a ,
show that the temperature distribution can be expressed in the following form
q′′′
0 R q′′′
0 R
2 r 2
t = ta + + 1−
2h 4k R

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

 (or)
Derive an expression for the temperature distribution for the case of a homogeneous
cylinder with uniformly distributed heat source of strength q′′ W/m3 and hence show
T−T r 2
that =1− where TW is the surface temperature and TC is the centre
TC −TW R
temperature for a one dimensional steady state conduction.

[IFS (Mains), 2006 : 20 Marks]

[IFS (Mains), 2015 : 15 Marks]

Answer:
𝐪′′′
𝟎 𝐑 𝐪′′′
𝟎 𝐑
𝟐 𝐫 𝟐
𝐭 = 𝐭𝐚 + + 𝟏−
𝟐𝐡 𝟒𝐤 𝐑

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

23. A copper wire having a diameter of 2 mm is exposed to a convection environment
with heat transfer coefficient, h = 5000 W/m2 -K and environment temperature.
T∞ = 100°C. What current must be passed through the wire to produce a centre
temperature of 150°C? Specific electrical resistance of copper is 1.67 μΩ cm. Thermal
conductivity of copper is 386 W/m-K.

[IFS (Mains), 2016 : 10 Marks]

Answer: 𝟓𝟒𝟏. 𝟖𝟓𝟒 𝐚𝐦𝐩

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

HEAT TRANSFER
ASSIGNMENT
(18/06/2022)
MCQ
A steam pipe 10 cm outside diameter is covered with two layers of insulation, each
having a thickness of 2.5 cm. The average thermal conductivity of one material is 3
times that of other and the surface temperatures of the insulated steam pipe are
fixed. Earlier the inferior insulation was applied first followed by better insulation. If
we change the position of insulations i.e., better insulation applied first followed by
inferior insulation, The decrease in heat flow rate results from this arrangement is
______ %.
A. 10.53 B. 15.67
C. 19.65 D. 21.53

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers Answer: B

MCQ
A plane wall of thickness 0.1 m and thermal conductivity 25 W/mK having uniform
volumetric heat generation of 0.3 MW/m3 is insulated on one side while the other
side is exposed to a fluid at 92°C. The convection heat transfer coefficient between the
wall and the fluid is 500 W/m2 K . The maximum temperature in the wall is
___________K. Assume 1-D (x-direction), Steady State heat conduction
A. 465 B. 485
C. 445 D. 212

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers Answer: B

MCQ
A 3.2 mm diameter stainless steel wire 30 cm long has a voltage of 10V impressed on
it. The outer surface temperature of the wire is maintained at 93°C. The temperature
at the center of wire is ____ °C.
Take resistivity of wire as 70μΩ cm and k = 22.5 W/mK.
A. 123.09°C B. 183.28°C
C. 138.14°C D. 273.56°C

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers Answer: C

NAT
In a cylindrical fuel rod of a nuclear reactor heat is generated internally according to
the equation
r 2
q =C 1−
R
Where q is the local rate of heat generation per unit volume at radius r, R is the
outside radius, and C is the rate of heat generation per unit volume at the centre line.
The temperature drop from the centre line to the surface for a 2.5 cm outer diameter
rod having k = 25 W/mK, if the rate of heat removal from the surface is 1650 kW/
m2 _________℃

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 Answer: 617 to 620

NAT
A pipeline having inner and outer diameters are 160 mm and 170 mm respectively.
The pipe is covered with a layer of insulation 100 mm thickness. The thermal
conductivity of the insulated material varies with temperature as follows
k = 0.062 1 + 0.000363T W/m°C
Pipe outer surface is maintained at 300°C and the outer insulation layer at 50°C. The
rate of heat loss per meter is ____W/m. Assuming 1 − dimensional steady state heat
conduction in radial direction without heat generation having variable thermal
conductivity

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 Answer: 132 to 134

NAT
The Uranium fuel rods used for graphite moderated reactor having the diameter of
5 cm. The fuel rods are jacketed by an annulus in which the water is flowing. Assuming
the following data. Average temperature of water = 150°C. Heat transfer coefficient
on the surface of the rod = 50 × 103 W/m2 K. k uranium = 25 W/m2 k
Uniform volumetric heat generating rate = 8 × 107 W/m3
The maximum temperature of the fuel is _____°C. Assuming 1 − D (radial direction)
steady state heat conduction with uniform heat generation through the solid cylinder
having constant properties.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 Answer: 668 to 672

12. MSQ
A steam pipe of 5 cm inside diameter and 6.5 cm outside diameter is insulated with a
2.75 cm radial thickness of high temperature insulation (k = 1.1 W/m. K). The surface
heat transfer coefficient for inside and outside surfaces are 4650 W/m2 . K and
11.5 W/m2 . K , respectively. The thermal conductivity of the pipe material is
45 W/m. K. If the steam temperature is 200°C and ambient air temperature is 25°C.
Assuming 1 − D (radial direction) steady state heat conduction without heat
generation having constant properties.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers Continued

A. Overall heat transfer coefficient based on inner radius is 19.85 W/m2 K to
19.95 W/m2 K
B. Overall heat transfer coefficient based on inner radius is 22.35 W/m2 K to
22.85 W/m2 K
C. Overall heat transfer coefficient based on outer radius is 7.21 W/m2 K to 7.25 W/
m2 K
D. Overall heat transfer coefficient based on outer radius is 8.25 W/m2 K to
8.35 W/m2 K

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers Answer: A, D

9. NAT
An electric cable of 20 mm diameter is insulated with rubber, it is exposed to
atmosphere at 30°C. Thermal conductivity of rubber insulation is k = 0.175 W/mK.
The cable surface temperature with and without insulation is maintained at 70°C.
Take heat transfer coefficient is 9.3 W/m2 . K . If most economical thickness is
provided, then the percentage increase in current carrying capacity is _____. (round
off to two decimal places). Assuming 1 − D steady state heat conduction in radial
direction without heat generation in the hollow cylinder having constant properties.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 Answer: 7.31 to 7.41

10. MSQ
A refrigerant suction line having outer diameter 30 mm . It is required to be thermally
insulated. The outside air film coefficient of heat transfer is 12 W/m2 °C. The thermal
conductivity of insulation is 0.3 W/m°C. Assuming 1 − D steady state heat conduction
in radial direction without heat generation in the hollow cylinder having constant
properties.
A. Addition of insulation will be effective
B. Addition of insulation will not be effective
C. To reduce heat transfer, the maximum value of thermal conductivity is 0.16 W/m°C
to 0.20 W/m°C
D. To reduce heat transfer, the maximum value of thermal conductivity is 0.25 W/m°C
to 0.27 W/m°C

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers Answer: B, C

11. NAT
A hot pipe of 0.6 m diameter is covered with an insulating material to a thickness of
12 cm. Thermal conductivity of the insulating material varies as k = 0.0545(1 +
28.4 × 10−4 T). Here T is in °C and k is in W/mK. The pipe surface is maintained at
300°C and the outside insulation temperature is 60°C. If the length of the pipe is 5 m,
then the rate of conduction is ____kW (round off to 2 decimal places) Assuming 1 −
dimensional steady state heat conduction in radial direction without heat generation.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 Answer: 1.81 to 1.87

MCQ
A large plane wall, 50 cm thick and 10 m2 area is subjected to 1-D (x - direction),
unsteady state heat conduction. At certain time instant, the temperature distribution
is expressed by
T = 90 − 50x + 15x 2 + 30x 3 − 10x 4
Where T is the temperature in ℃ and x is the distance measured from left face in
meters.
Take k wall = 7 W/m K, and α = 0.02 m2 /h
Using above data, at the same instant rate of temperature change at 30 cm from the
left face.

A. 73.2 °C/h B. 1.464 °C/h

C. 1.464 °C/sec D. 1.22 °C/h

Answer: B
MCQ
A plane wall of thickness 100 mm, is having uniform heat generation of 1000 W/m3
and is convectively cooled at left & right sides by a convective environment having
temperature of 20°C. If the steady state temperature distribution within the wall
Tx = a L2 − x 2 + b, where a = 10°C/m2 and b = 30°C & x is in m measured from
centerline. The thermal conductivity of the wall is __________ W/mK and
W
approximate value of convective heat transfer coefficient in 2 is ____________
m K
respectively.
A. 5, 50 B. 50, 5
C. 10, 100 D. 100, 10

Answer: B
HEAT TRANSFER
DPP-17
(18/06/2022)
2. MCQ
A material having thermal conductivity k 2 insulates a spherical object of diameter D.
The heat transfer coefficient between the insulating object and environment is ho . The
critical thickness of insulation for maximum heat transfer rate is
2k2 2k2 D
A. B. −
ho ho 2
k2 2k2
C. D. −D
2 ho ho

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers Answer: B

3. NAT
A hollow sphere of inner and outer diameters are 50 mm and 100 mm respectively. A
40 W heater is placed inside. Under steady state conditions, the temperature at
32 mm and 40 mm radii in hollow sphere are found to be 100°C and 70°C
respectively. If the surrounding air is at 30°C, then the convective heat transfer
coefficient over the surface is ___W/m2 k. Assume 1 − D (radial direction) steady
state heat conduction with constant properties.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 Answer: 79.2 to 79.9

4. MSQ
A vertical kiln has a hemispherical dome (d = 7 m) at its top. The dome is made from
30 cm thick layer of chrome brick (k = 1.16 W/mk). During an operation, its inside
surface temperature is 900°C and outer surface is exposed to surrounding air at 30°C
with heat transfer coefficient of 15 W/m2 k. Assume 1 − D (radial direction) steady
state heat conduction without heat generation through solid sphere having constant
properties.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

A. The outside surface temperature of dome is 195.87°C to 197.25°C
B. The outside surface temperature of dome is 211.52°C to 212.52°C
C. Conduction heat loss rate from hemisphere dome is 194.51 kW to 194.95 kW
D. Conduction heat loss rate from hemisphere dome is 226.92 kW to 227.92 kW

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers Answer: A, D

NAT
A hollow sphere (k = 30 W/mK) of inner radius 6 cm and outside radius 8 cm has a
heat generation rate of 4 × 106 W/m3. The inside surface is insulated, and heat is
removed by convection over the outside surface by a fluid at 100℃ with heat transfer
coefficient 300 W/m2K. The temperature at the outside surface of the sphere is
_________ ℃.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for Answer: 303 to 308
4. MCQ
Consider a rod of uniform thermal conductivity whose one end (x = 0) is insulated
and the other end (x = L) is exposed to flow of air at temperature T∞ with convective
heat transfer coefficient h. The cylindrical surface of the rod is insulated so that the
heat transfer is strictly along the axis of the rod. The rate of internal heat generation
per unit volume inside the rod is given as
2πx
q = cos
L
The steady state temperature at the mid-location of the rod is given as TA . What will
be the temperature at the same location, if the convective heat transfer coefficient
increases to 2h?
qL
A. TA + B. 2TA
2h
qL qL
C. TA D. TA 1 − + T
4πh 4πh ∞

[GATE-2022-ME]
Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers Answer: C
HEAT TRANSFER
DPP-16
(17/06/2022)
1. NAT
Heat is generated uniformly in a long solid cylindrical rod (diameter = 10 mm) at the
rate of 4 × 107 W/m3 . The thermal conductivity of the rod material is 25 W/m. K.
Under steady state conditions, the temperature difference between the centre and the
surface of the rod is _________°C.
[GATE-2017-ME]

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 Answer: 10 to 10

2. MSQ
The fuel element of a nuclear reactor is made from a mixture of uniform carbide and
graphite in the form of a cylindrical rod with a diameter of 12 mm. The uniform
volumetric heat generation rate is 3.88 × 108 W/m3 , k rod = 58 W/m°C . The
maximum temperature of the rod is limited to 2000°C. Assuming 1 − D (radial
direction) steady state heat conduction with uniform heat generation through the
solid cylinder having constant properties.
A. The surface temperature is 1902°C to 1904°C
B. The surface temperature is 1938°C to 1942°C
C. The rate of heat flow from the surface is 1.13 MW/m2 to 1.19 MW/m2
D. The rate of heat flow from the surface is 1.82 MW/m2 to 1.86 MW/m2

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers Answer: B, C

3. MSQ
A solid cylinder of 100 mm in diameter generating a volumetric heat rate of 7 ×
106 W/m3 uniformly. The surface temperature of solid cylinder is maintained at
100°C. Take k = 190 W/mk. Assuming 1 − D (radial direction) steady state heat
conduction with uniform heat generation through the solid cylinder having constant
properties.
Take solid cylinder having same boundary conduction throughout the surface.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers Continued

A. Temperature at the centre of the cylinder is 121.05°C to 125.05°C.
B. Temperature at a distance of 25 mm from the centre is 102.8°C to 104.8°C.
C. Temperature gradient at a radius of 25 mm is 458.65°C/m to 464.65°C/m.
D. Heat flux at outer surface is 173 kW/m2 to 177 kW/m2 .

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers Answer: A, C, D

4. NAT
The metal rolls of 25 mm diameter having k = 1 W/m°C are heated with the help of
microwave heating. The maximum temperature of the rolls is maintained at 100°C and
surrounding temperature is at 30°C. The heat transfer coefficient on the surface of the
metal roll is 20 W/m2 °C. The required volumetric heat generation rate in the
microwave is ___kW/m3 (round off to two decimal places). Assuming 1 − D (radial
direction) steady state heat conduction with uniform heat generation through the
solid cylinder having constant properties.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 Answer: 198.92 to 199.42

5. NAT
An uninsulated cylindrical wire of radius 1.0 mm produces electric heating at the rate
of 50 W/m. The temperature of the surface of the wire is 75°C when placed in air at
25°C. When the wire is coated with PVC of thickness 1.0 mm, the temperature of the
surface of the wire reduces to 55°C.
Assume that the heat generation rate from the wire and the convective heat transfer
coefficient are same for both uninsulated wire and the coated wire. The thermal
conductivity of PVC is ___W/m. K (round off to two decimal places).
[GATE-2021-ME]

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 Answer: 0.10 to 0.12

6. MSQ
A hollow sphere of inside and outside radii are 30 mm and 50 mm respectively. It is
heated at its inner surface at a constant heat conduction rate of 105 W/m2 . The outer
surface is exposed to a fluid at 30°C, with heat transfer coefficient of 170 W/m2 K.
The thermal conductivity of the material is 20 W/mK. Assume 1 − D (radial direction)
steady state heat conduction without heat generation.
A. The inner surface temperature is 320.51°C to 321.51°C
B. The outer surface temperature is 240.85°C to 242.85°C
C. The inner surface temperature is 300.5°C to 302.5°C
D. The outer surface temperature is 211.56°C to 212.56°C

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers Answer: B, C

HEAT TRANSFER
DPP-15
(16/06/2022)
1. MCQ
For a current carrying wire of 20 mm diameter (k = 0.5 W/mK) exposed to air (h =
20 W/m2 K), maximum heat dissipation occurs when thickness of insulation is
A. 30 mm B. 25 mm
C. 20 mm D. 15 mm
[GATE-1993-ME]

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers Answer: D

2. MCQ
It is proposed to coat a 1 mm dia wire with enamel paint (k = 0.1 W/mK) to increase
heat transfer with air. If the air side heat transfer coefficient is 100 W/m2 K, the
optimum thickness of enamel paint should be
A. 0.25 mm B. 0.5 mm
C. 1 mm D. 2 mm
[GATE-1999-ME]

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers Answer: B

3. NAT
If a foam insulation is added to a 4 cm outer diameter pipe as shown in the figure, the
critical radius of insulation (in cm) is __________

[GATE-2015-ME]

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers Answer: 4.9 to 5.1
4. MCQ
With an increase in the thickness of insulation around a circular pipe, heat loss to
surroundings due to
A. convection increases, while that due to conduction decreases
B. convection decreases, while that due to conduction increases
C. convection and conduction decreases
D. convection and conduction increases
[GATE-2006-ME]

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers Answer: A

5. MCQ
A plastic sleeve of outer radius r0 = 1 mm covers a wire (radius r = 0.5 mm) carrying
electric current. Thermal conductivity of the plastic is 0.15 W/m-K. The heat transfer
coefficient on the outer surface of the sleeve exposed to air is 25 W/m2 − K. Due to
the addition of the plastic cover, the heat transfer from the wire to the ambient will
A. increase B. remains the same
C. decrease D. be zero
[GATE-2016-ME]

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers Answer: A

7. MCQ
A pipe of 25 mm outer diameter carries steam. The heat transfer coefficient between
the cylinder and surrounding is 5 W/m2 K. It is proposed to reduce the heat loss from
the pipe by adding insulation having a thermal conductivity of 0.05 W/mK. Which one
of the following statements is TRUE?
A. The outer radius of the pipe is equal to the critical radius
B. The outer radius of the pipe is less than the critical radius
C. Adding the insulation will reduce the heat loss
D. Adding the insulation will increase the heat loss
[GATE-2011-ME]

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers Answer: C

8. MCQ
rc = Critical radius and R 2 = outer radius of inner cylinder. Indicate the correct one
List-I List-II
P. rc > R 2 (i) Pipes carrying steam
Q. rc < R 2 (ii) Heat flow rate increases, reaches to maximum and then
reduces.
(iii) Electrical current carrying wires
(iv) Always decrease the heat flow rate
P Q
A. (ii)(iv) (i)(iii)
B. (ii); (iii) (i), (iv)
C. (i), (iv) (ii)(iii)
D. (i)(ii) (iii)(iv)

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers Answer: B

9. MCQ
A cylindrical pipe of outer diameter is 220 mm. The pipe at outer surface is covered
with a material (k = 2.8 W/mK). Thermal conductivity of pipe is 8 W/mK and
convection coefficient of outer fluid is 22 W/m2 K. Addition of the cover material to
the outer surface of pipe results.
A. always increase the heat flow rate
B. always decrease the heat flow rate
C. increase the heat flow rate to a maximum value and then it will reduces
D. Decrease the heat flow rate to a minimum value and then

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers Answer: C

10. MSQ
An electrical wire, 2 mm in diameter is covered with a 2.5 mm thick layer of plastic
insulation (k = 0.5 W/m. K) to reduce the heat loss. Heat is dissipated from the outer
surface of insulation to surrounding air at 25°C by convection with heat transfer
coefficient of 10 W/m2 . K. The wire is maintained at constant temperature of 120°C.
Assuming 1 − D steady state heat conduction in radial direction without heat
generation in the hollow cylinder having constant properties.
A. Heat dissipation rate from the insulated wire with insulation is 19.0 W/m to
19.4 W/m.
B. Critical thickness of insulation is 48 mm to 50 mm
C. Critical thickness of insulation is 51 mm to 53 mm
D. Maximum heat dissipation rate is 60.28 W/m to 60.98 W/m

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers Answer: A, B, D

INTERVIEW QUESTION
Why there is no critical thickness concept for plane wall ?

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

• The existence of critical thickness concept requires that the area of
outer isothermal surface should change on changing thickness of
outer body.

• In case of plane wall, area of outer isothermal surface doesn't change

on increasing the thickness of outer plane wall, hence there is no
concept for of critical thickness for plane wall.

• The total thermal resistance of plane wall always increases on

increasing the thickness of outer plane wall, leading to decrease in
heat flow rate (always).

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

HEAT TRANSFER
DPP-14
(15/06/2022)
1. MCQ
A stainless-steel tube (k s = 19 W/mK) of 2 cm ID and 5 cm OD in insulated with 3 cm
thick asbestos (k a = 0.2 W/mK). If the temperature difference between the inner
most and outermost surfaces is 600°C, the heat transfer rate per unit length is
A. 0.94 W/m B. 9.44 W/m
C. 944.72 W/m D. 9447.21 W/m
[GATE-2004-ME]

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers Answer: C

2. MCQ
Two insulating material of thermal conductivity k and 2k are available for lagging a
pipe carrying a hot fluid. If the radial thickness of each material is same
A. Material with higher thermal conductivity should be used for inner layer and one
with lower thermal conductivity for the outer
B. Material with lower thermal conductivity should be used for inner layer and one
with higher thermal conductivity for the outer
C. It is immaterial in which sequence the insulating material are used
D. It is not possible to judge unless numerical values of dimension are given
[GATE-1994-ME]

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers Answer: B

3. MCQ
A standard cast iron pipe (inner diameter = 50 mm and outer diameter =
55 mm, k pipe = 20 W/m°C ) is insulated with insulation (k = 0.02 W/m°C ).
Temperature at the interface between the pipe and insulation is 300°C. The allowable
heat loss through the pipe is 600 W/m length of pipe and for the safety, the
temperature of the outside surface of insulation must not exceed 100°C. Assuming 1-
D (r-direction) steady state heat conduction without heat generation the required
thickness of insulation is ____(mm)
A. 1.8 B. 0.9
C. 1.5 D. 1.2

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers Answer: D

4. NAT
A thick-walled tube of stainless steel with 20 mm inner diameter and 40 mm outer
diameter is covered with a 30 mm layer of asbestos insulation (k = 0.2 W/m°C). If
the inside wall temperature of the pipe is maintained at 600°C and the outside surface
of insulation is at 1000°C, then the rate of heat transfer per meter length is
____W/m. (round off to one decimal place). Neglect the resistance offered by
stainless steel. Assume 1-D (r-direction) steady state heat conduction without heat
generation.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 Answer: 𝟓𝟒𝟒. 𝟔 𝐭𝐨 𝟓𝟓𝟒. 𝟔

5. NAT
A steel pipe with 50 mm outer diameter is covered with a 6.4 mm asbestos insulation
[k = 0.166 W/mK] followed by a 25 mm layer of fiber-glass insulation [k =
0.0485 W/mK]. The pipe outer wall temperature is 393 K and the outside surface
temperature of fiber-glass insulation is 311 K. The interface temperature between the
asbestos and fiber-glass is ____°C. (round off to one decimal place). Assume 1-D (r-
direction) steady state heat conduction without heat generation.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 Answer: 𝟏𝟏𝟏. 𝟑 𝐭𝐨 𝟏𝟏𝟏. 𝟗

6. MCQ
A steam pipe 10 cm outside diameter is covered with two layers of insulation, each
having a thickness of 2.5 cm. The average thermal conductivity of one material is 3
times that of other and the surface temperatures of the insulated steam pipe are
fixed. Earlier the inferior insulation was applied first followed by better insulation. If
we change the position of insulations i.e. better insulation applied first followed by
inferior insulation, The decrease in heat flow rate results from this arrangement is
______ %.
A. 10.53 B. 15.67
C. 19.65 D. 21.53

Answer: B
HEAT TRANSFER
DPP-13
(14/06/2022)
1. NAT
Consider a long cylindrical tube of inner and outer radii, 10 cm and 20 cm respectively.
The value of thermal conductivity is k = 50 W/mK. If the inner surface is heated
uniformly at constant rate of 1.16 × 105 W/m2 and outer surface is maintained at
30°C, then the inner surface temperature is ______°C. (Round off to one decimal
place). Assuming one dimensional steady state heat conduction in the radial direction.
(without heat generation) having constant properties. Take length of cylinder = 1 m.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 Answer: 𝟏𝟖𝟗. 𝟖 𝐭𝐨 𝟏𝟗𝟏. 𝟖

2. MCQ
Consider a cylindrical cement tube of radii 0.05 cm and 1.0 cm has a wire embedded
into it along its axis. A current of 5 ampere is flow into the wire to maintain a steady
temperature difference of 120°C between the inner and outer surfaces. Take
resistance of wire equal to 0.1 ohm per cm of length. The thermal conductivity of the
cement is _______ (in W/m − °C). For cement assume one dimensional steady state
heat conduction in the radial direction without heat generation having constant
properties.
A. 1.24 B. 1.68
C. 0.74 D. 0.99

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers Answer: D

3. MSQ
Consider a hollow cylinder with inner and outer radii are 30 mm, 50 mm respectively.
It is heated at the inner surface at a rate of 105 W/m2 and dissipated heat by
convection from outer surface into a fluid at 80°C with heat transfer coefficient of
400 W/m2 K. Take L = 1 m, thermal conductivity of the material is constant at
15 W/mK. Assuming one dimensional steady state heat conduction in radial direction
with constant properties without heat generation.
A. Inner surface temperature of cylinder is 272°C to 274°C
B. Inner surface temperature of cylinder is 330°C to 334°C
C. Outer surface temperature of cylinder is 229°C to 231°C
D. Outer surface temperature of cylinder is 196°C to 198°C

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers Answer: B, C

4. MSQ
A pipe (k = 180 W/m°C) having inner and outer diameter 80 mm and 100 mm
respectively is located in a space at 25°C. Hot gases at temperature 160°C flow
through the pipe. Neglecting thermal convection resistance & assuming one
dimensional steady state heat conduction in radial direction with constant properties.
without heat generation.
A. Rate of heat loss per unit length is 682.2 kW/m to 686.2 kW/m.
B. Temperature at midpoint of inner and outer surfaces is 84.7°C to 90.7°C.
C. Thermal resistance of the pipe upto midplane measured from inner surface is
0.212 × 10−4 °C/W to 0.214 × 10−4 °C/W.
D. Equivalent log mean area is 0.26 m2 to 0.31 m2 .

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers Answer: A, B, D

5. MCQ
A hollow cylinder has length L, inner radius r1 , outer radius r2 , and thermal
conductivity k. The thermal resistance of the cylinder for radial conduction is
In(r2 /r1 ) In(r1 /r2 )
A. B.
2πkL 2πkL
2πkL 2πkL
C. D.
In(r2 /r1 ) In(r1 /r2 )
[GATE-2016-ME]

Answer: A
 HEAT TRANSFER
MY 10 NEW QUESTIONS
1. MSQ
The steady-state temperature distribution in a composite plane wall of three different
materials, each of constant thermal conductivity, is shown.

Assume 1-D(x −direction), heat conduction through composite wall having constant
properties.
A. q 2 ≠ 0, q3 ≠ 0, q4 = 0
B. q2 > q3 > q4
C. k A < k B < k C
D. k A < k B > k C
Answer: A, D
2. NAT
The composite wall of an oven consists of three
materials, two of which are of known thermal
conductivity, k A = 20 W/m. K and k C = 50 W/m.-
K and known thickness, LA = 0.30 m and LC =
0.15 m. The third material, B, which is sandwiched
between materials A and C, is of known thickness,
LB = 0.15 m, but unknown thermal conductivity
k B . Under steady-state operating conditions,
measurements reveal an outer surface temperature
of T2 = 20°C, an inner surface temperature of T1 =
600°C , and an oven air temperature of T∞ =
800°C. The inside convection coefficient h is known
to be 25 W/m2 -K. The value of k B ___________
W/ m-K .
Answer: 1.49 to 1.57
3. MCQ
1 1
A conical section of circular cross section having diameter D = ax , where a = 0.4 m .
2 2

The small end is located at x1 = 24 mm and the large end is located at x2 = 124 mm.
The end temperatures of small end and large end are T1 = 600 K, T2 = 400 K
respectively. The lateral surface of the conical section is well insulted. Take k =
236 W/m-K. The heat transfer rate (in kW) through the conical section is _____.
Assume 1-D (x-direction) steady state heat conduction without heat generation
through variable area having constant properties.
A. 3.021 B. 3.611
C. 4.624 D. 4.129

Answer: B
4. MSQ
Consider steady one-dimensional heat flow in a plane wall of 0.1 m thickness with a
uniform volumetric heat generation of 0.3 MW/m3 is insulated on one side. The other
side of the wall is exposed to a fluid at 92°C. The convective heat transfer coefficient
between the wall and the fluid is 500 W/m2 -K. Thermal conductivity of the plane wall
is 25 W/m-K.
A. Heat Flux convected to the fluid is 19 kW/m2 to 21 kW/m2 .
B. Heat Flux convected to the fluid is 29 kW/m2 to 31 kW/m2 .
C. Minimum temperature in the wall is 151°C to 153°C.
D. Maximum temperature in the wall is 211°C to 213°C.

Answer: B, C & D
5. MSQ
The exposed surface (x = 0) of a plane wall of thermal conductivity k is subjected to
microwave radiation, causes volumetric heating to vary as
x
q x = q 0 1 − , Where q 0 W/m3 is a constant. The right face (x = L) is perfectly
L
insulated, and the exposed surface is maintained at a constant temperature T0 .
Assume 1-D (x-direction) steady state heat conduction with non-uniform heat
generation through plane wall having constant properties.
A. Maximum temperature occurs at left face (x = 0).
B. Maximum temperature occurs at right face (x = L).
qo L q x2 x3
C. Temperature distribution is given by T = To + x− − .
2k k 2 6L
q L 2
D. Maximum temperature at x = L is T = To + o .
6k

Answer: B, C & D
6. NAT
Consider steady state heat conduction through a plane wall without heat generation
produces a convex temperature distribution. The mid point temperature (ΔT) is higher
than expected for a linear temperature distribution. Assume the thermal conductivity
has a linear dependence on temperature, k = k 0 1 + βT , where β is a constant, β
can be expressed interms of ΔT, T1 and T2 . If T1 = 500 K, T2 = 300 K and ΔT = 10 K,
then the value of β is ____. (round off to nearest integer)

Answer: 0.01
7. CONVENTIONAL
A nuclear fuel element of thickness 2L is covered with a steel cladding of thickness b.
Heat generated within the nuclear fuel at a rate q is removed by a fluid at T∞ , which
adjoins one surface and is characterized by a convection coefficient h. The other
surface is well insulated, and the fuel and steel have thermal conduction of k f and k s ,
respectively.
The temperature distribution T(x) in the nuclear fuel element in terms
of q, k f , L, b, k s , h and T∞ .
Answer: 𝟐. 𝟏𝟐 𝐖
Answer:𝟏𝟒𝟎°𝐂 & 𝟏𝟎𝟓°𝐂
Answer: 𝟏𝟐𝟕𝟎. 𝟒𝟖 𝐖/𝐦𝟐
HEAT TRANSFER
ASSIGNMENT
(13/06/2022)
1. NAT
A plane wall of thickness 0.15 m and area 4 m2 . The thermal conductivity of plane
K
wall k = 0.04 W/m-K. Thermal conduction resistance is ______ . (round off to two
W
decimal places).

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

1. NAT
A plane wall of thickness 0.15 m and area 4 m2 . The thermal conductivity of plane
K
wall k = 0.04 W/m-K. Thermal conduction resistance is ______ . (round off to two
W
decimal places).

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

2. MCQ
A homogeneous slab with its two faces maintained at uniform temperatures of 40°C
and 20°C respectively. The thickness of the slab is 80 mm and thermal conductivity
k = 0.20 W/m-K. The heat transfer rate per unit area is (in W/m2 ). Assume 1-D ( x-
direction), steady state heat conduction without heat generation through the slab
having Constant properties.
A. 50 B. 60
C. 55 D. 40

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

3. NAT
A concrete wall of 150 mm Thickness, thermal conductivity k = 0.8 W/m-°C. It is
exposed to air at 60°C on one side and to air at 20°C on the opposite side. The average
convective heat transfer coefficients are 40 W /m2 -°C on the 60°C side and 10 W/m2 -
°C on the 20°C side. The heat transfer rate per unit surface area of the wall is _____
W/m2 . (Round off to nearest integer). Assume 1-D (x-direction), steady state heat
conduction without heat generation through the wall having constant properties.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

4. NAT
A wooden slab of 50 mm Thickness. The inner and outer surface temperatures are
40°C and 20°C respectively. A steady state heat flux is generated through the slab is
40 W/m2 , then the thermal conductivity of the slab is _______ W/m-K. (round off to
nearest integer) Assume 1-D (x-direction), steady state heat conduction without heat
generation through the slab having constant properties.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

5. MCQ
Brass and steel sheets are in contact, each of 1cm thickness. The outer surface of brass
kb
is at 100°C and that of steel is at O°C. The ratio of thermal conductivities = 2, the
ks
interface temperature of the sheets is (in °C). Assume 1-D ( x- direction), steady state
heat conduction without heat generation through the sheets having constant
properties.
A. 70.6 B. 66.7
C. 54.2 D. 59.3

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

6. NAT
A composite wall of an oven consists of three materials, two of them are of known
thermal conductivity, k A = 20 W m − K and k C = 50 W m − K and known
thickness LA = 0.3 m and LC = 0.15 m. The third material B, is sandwiched between
material A and C is of known thickness, LB = 0.15 m. Under steady state operating
conditions, the measurement reveals an outer surface temperature of material C is
20°C and inner surface of A is 600°C. The heat transfer rate per unit area in the slab
is 5000 W m2 . The thermal conductivity of the material B is __________ W m − K
(round off to two decimal places). Assume 1-D (x-direction), steady state heat
conduction without heat generation through the slab having constant properties.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

7. MSQ
The wall of a cold storage consists of three layers. An outer layer of ordinary bricks,
25 cm thick, a middle layer of cork, 10 cm thick, and an inner layer of cement, 6 cm
thick. k brick = 0.7 W m − K , k cork = 0.043 W m − K and
k cement = 0.72 W m − K. The temperature of the outer surface of the wall is 30°C
and that of inner is −15°C. Assume 1-D (x-direction), steady state heat conduction
without heat generation through the wall having constant properties.
A. Temperature at interface between brick and cork layers is 23.05°C to 25.05°C.
B. Temperature at interface between brick and cork layers is 19.15°C to 20.65°C.
C. Temperature at interface between cork and cement layers is −16.25°C to
− 12.25°C.
D. Temperature at interface between cork and cement layers is −18.2°C to −15.2°C.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

8. NAT
A square plate heater (15 cm × 15 cm) is inserted between two slabs. Slab A is 2 cm
thick (k = 50 W/m-K) and slab B is 1 cm thick (k = 0.2 W/m-K). The outside heat
transfer coefficient on both sides of A and B are 200 W/m2 -K and 50 W/m2 -K,
respectively. The temperature of surrounding air is 25°C. If the rating of the heater is
1 kW, then the maximum temperature of the system is _____ °C (round off to two
decimal places). Assume 1-D (x-direction), steady state heat conduction without heat
generation through the plate having constant properties.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

9. NAT
Two large aluminium plates (k = 240 W m − K), each 1 cm thick are placed in
contact under pressure of 1 bar in air (k = 0.026 W m − K) and contact resistance
of 2.75 × 10−4 m2 K/W. The temperature at inside and outside surfaces are 400°C
and 150°C. The heat transfer rate per unit area is _____ × 104 W/m2 . (round off to
two decimal places). Assume 1-D (x-direction), steady state heat conduction without
heat generation through the plates having constant properties.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

10. NAT
Consider steady-state heat conduction across the thickness in a plane composite wall
(as shown in the figure) exposed to convection conditions on both sides.

Given: hi = 20 W m2 K ; ho = 50 W m2 K ;
T∞,i = 20°C, T∞,o = −2°C
k1 = 20 W m − K ; k 2 = 50 W m − K ;
L1 = 0.30 m and L2 = 0.15 m
Assuming negligible contact resistance between the wall surfaces, the interface
temperature, T (in °C), of the two walls will be _____. (Assume 1-D(x-direction),
steady state heat conduction without heat generation through plane walls in series
having constant properties and convective environment on both sides)

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

11. NAT
Three rods of same dimensional have thermal conductivity 3 k, 2 k and k. They are
arranged as shown in the figure below. Then, the temperature of the junction in steady
R
state is °C, the value of R is
3

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

12. MCQ
Statement 1: Equivalent thermal conductivity of two rods of same physical dimensions
and having same thermal conductivity (k) connected to each other in parallel
combination is equal to k.
Statement 2: Equivalent thermal conductivity of two rods of same physical dimensions
and having same thermal conductivity (k), connected to each other in series
combination is equal to k.
A. Statement 1 is true but statement 2 is false.
B. Statement 2 is true but statement 1 is false.
C. Both statement 1 and statement 2 are true.
D. Both statement 1 and statement 2 are false.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

13. MCQ
Two conductors having same width and length, thickness l1 and l2 and thermal
conductivity k1 and k 2 are placed one above the other. Find the equivalent thermal
conductivity?
l1 + l2 (k1 l2 + k2 l1 )
A.
2(k1 + k2 )
(l1 − l2 )(k1 l2 +k2 l1 )
B.
2(k1 + k2 )
k1 l1 +k2 l2
C.
l1 +l2
k1 +k2
D.
l1 + l2

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

14. NAT
A Furnace wall is made of 20 cm of magnesite brick and
20 cm of common brick. The magnesite brick is exposed
to hot gases at 1355°C and common brick outer surface
is exposed to 45°C room air. The convective heat transfer
coefficients towards gas side and air side are
34 W m2 − °C , 20 W m2 − °C respectively. Take
k mb = 3.8 W m − K and k cb = 0.66 W m − K .
Assume 1-D(x-direction), steady state heat conduction
without heat generation through plane walls in series
having constant properties and convective environment
on both sides, neglect Radiation effects. The common
brick subjected to maximum temperature (in
°C) is _________ (round off to nearest integer).

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

15. MSQ
A rod of variable cross-sectional area Ax = Ao eax where Ao and a are constants. The
lateral surface of the rod is well insulated. The surfaces at x = 0 and x = L are kept at
constant temperatures of T1 and T2 respectively. Assume 1-D(x-direction), steady state
heat conduction without heat generation through variable area having constant
properties. ax
Ax = Ao e T1 > T2
C

Q T1 T2 Q

x=0
C
x x=L
L
Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers
 T1 − T 1 −e−ax
A. The temperature distribution in the rod is = .
T1 − T2 1 −e−aL

T1 − T2 1 −e−ax
B. The temperature distribution in the rod is = .
T − T1 1 −e−aL

KaAo
C. The rate of heat transfer through the rod is Q = T1 − T2
1 −e−aL

KaAo
D. The rate of heat transfer through the rod is Q = (T1 − T2 )
1 −eaL

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

16. NAT
A Furnace wall of variable thermal conductivity k = a + bT 2 W m − °C, here a =
0.3 and b = 5 × 10−6 . Assume 1-D(x-direction) steady state heat conduction without
heat generation through wall having variable thermal conductivity. The rate of heat
loss per m2 surface area of Furnace wall is _____ W m2 .

T1 = 300°C
T2 = 30°C
20 cm

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

17. NAT
A truncated solid cone is fully insulated along the circumference. The area along the x-
π
axis (along the centre) is given A = × 0.5 2 × x. where x is local diameter of the
4
cone. The diameters of the two faces of cone are 7.5 cm and 22.5 cm respectively. The
temperatures at 7.5 cm and 22.5 cm are 300°C, 50°C respectively. Thermal
conductivity of the Cone material is given by k = 0.5 1 + 0.005 T W/m. K T in °C .
The rate of heat flow through the given solid is ______ W. Assume 1-D (x-direction),
steady state heat conduction without heat generation through the solid having
variable area, Variable properties.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

18. NAT
The cross-sectional area of solid cone varies as A = 0.196x (x is in m and A is in m2 ).
The given solid between x = 2.5 cm and 12.5 cm Conducts heat along the x-direction.
The outer surface of the given solid is fully insulated. The surface at x = 2.5 cm is
maintained at 600°C and the surface at x = 12.5 cm is maintained at 400°C. Thermal
conductivity k = 210 W/m-K. The heat flow rate through the solid is (in W) is ______.
Assume 1-D (x-direction), steady state heat conduction without heat generation
through variable area having constant properties.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

19. NAT
A structural support having a shape of truncated Cone of 20cm length and its cross –
π
sectional area Varies with x as A = x 3 . The Thermal conductivity of its material
4
changes with respect to temperature as k = 14.695 1 + 1.02 × 10−3 T W/m -°C. (T
is in degrees Celsius). The two ends of the given structure is maintained at 400°C and
150°C. The lateral surface is fully insulated. The steady state heat flow rate through
the given structure is _____ W . Assume 1 - D(x − direction), steady state heat
conduction without heat generation through the truncated Cone having variable area,
Variable properties.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

20. NAT
Consider steady 1 − D heat flow in a plate of 20 mm thickness with a uniform
volumetric heat generation rate of 80 MW/m3 . The left and right faces are kept at
constant temperatures of 160°C and 120°C respectively. The plate has a constant
thermal conductivity of 200 W/m-K. The rate of heat transfer at the plate centre is
_______ MW/m2 .

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

21. MCQ
An electric current of 34,000 A flows along a flat steel plate 12.5 mm thick and
100 mm wide. The temperature of one surface of the plate is 82°C and that of the
other is 95°C. Assume 1 − D (x −direction) steady state heat conduction with uniform
heat generation through the plate having constant properties. The maximum
temperature within the plate (in °C). The properties of steel are resistivity = 12 ×
10−6 Ω cm and k = 52.4 W/m - K, the end effects along the short sides of the plate is
neglected.
A. 116.42 B. 132.29
C. 108.78 D. 121.92

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

22. MCQ
An electric current of 40000 A flows along a flat plate of 15 mm thick and 120 mm
wide. The temperature of one surface of the plate is maintained at 100°C and that of
other is 120°C. The resistivity and thermal conductivity of steel are 12 × 10−6 Ω cm
and k = 45 W/m − K respectively. Assume 1 − D (x −direction) Steady state heat
conduction with uniform heat generation through the plate having constant
properties. Take L = 1 m.
A. Temperature distribution in the plate is −658436.2 x 2 + 11210x + 100.
B. Temperature distribution in the plate is −462814.4 x 2 + 10212x + 100.
C. Total heat generated per meter depth of the plate is 105.25 kW to 107.45 kW.
D. Total heat generated per meter depth of the plate is 120.64 kW to 121.65 kW.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

23. NAT
A rectangular copper bar 80 mm × 6 mm in cross-section k = 370 W/m − K is
insulated at top, bottom and left faces. A current of 8000 A is passed through the
conductor, the bare face has a constant temperature of 50°C. The resistivity of the
material is 2 × 10−8 Ω m. The temperature at the centre of the bar is _______°C.
Assume 1 − D (x-direction) steady state heat conduction with uniform heat generation
through the bar having constant properties.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

24. MCQ
A plate having a thickness of 4 mm has an internal heat generation of 200 MW/m3
and a thermal conductivity of 25 W/m-K. One side of the plate is insulated and the
other side is maintained at 100° C. The maximum temperature in the plate (in °C ) is.
Assume 1-D (x – direction) steady state heat conduction with uniform heat generation
through plate having constant properties.
A. 152 B. 164
C. 170 D. 146

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

25. NAT
A slab of 25 mm thick having k = 1 W/m°C is heated with the help of microwave
heating for roasting the slab. The centre temperature of the slab is maintained at
100°C, surrounding temperature is 30°C. The heat transfer coefficient on the surface
of the slab is 20 W/m2 - °C. The micro – wave heating capacity is ______kW/m3 .
Assume the slab (1-D) is self heat generating under steady state condition in heat
generating under steady state condition in axial direction with constant properties and
exposed to atmospheric conditions.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

26. MSQ
A small dam idealized to be an extensive plate of 4 m thickness is to be completely
poured in a short interval of time. The hydration of concrete results in the equivalent
of a source strength of 80 W/m3 . The cross section of dam is 100 m wide and 40 m
high, both surfaces of dam are maintained at 25°C. Thermal conductivity k =
1.2 W/m-K. Assume 1-D (x-direction) steady state heat conduction with uniform heat
generation through dam having constant properties and same boundary conditions.
A. The Maximum temperature in the Concrete wall is 156.5 °C to 160.5 °C.
B. The Maximum temperature in the Concrete Wall is 164.2 °C to 166.4 °C.
C. Heat generated in the dam is 1275 kW to 1285 kW.
D. Heat generated in the dam is 1164 kW to 1169 kW.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

27. NAT
A low electrical conductive fluid at 40°C is heated by an iron plate 12 mm thick and
75 mm wide. The volumetric heat is generated uniformly at a rate of 5 × 106 W/m3
by passing electric current through it. Thermal conductivity of the plate is 20 W/m-K.
If the temperature of the plate is maintained at 200°C, then the required heat transfer
coefficient is ______ W/m2 –K. Assume 1-D (x – direction) steady state heat
conduction with uniform heat generation through plate having constant properties,
same boundary condition.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

28. Conventional
An electric resistance heater is embedded in a long cylinder of diameter 30 mm. When
water with a temperature of 25°C and velocity of 1 m/s flows crosswise over the
cylinder, the power per unit length required to maintain the surface at a uniform
temperature of 90°C is 28 kW/m. When air, also at 25°C, but with a velocity of
10 m/s is flowing, the power per unit length required to maintain the same surface
temperature is 400 W/m. Calculate and compare the convection coefficients for the
flows of water and air.

Answer: 𝟕𝟎 𝐖/𝐦𝟐 - 𝐊 , 𝟔𝟓 𝐖/𝐦𝟐 - 𝐊

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

29. Conventional
Determine the heat transfer by convection over a surface of 0.5 m2 if the surface is at
160°C and fluid is at 40°C. The value of convective heat transfer coefficient is
25 W/m2 K. If the fluid has a thermal conductivity of 1 W/m − K calculate
temperature gradient at surface.

Answer: 𝟏. 𝟓 𝐤𝐖, −𝟑𝟎𝟎𝟎°𝐂 /𝐦

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

30. Conventional
Forced air flows over a convective heat exchanger in a room heater resulting in an
average convective heat transfer coefficient, h = 800 W/m2 °C . The surface
temperature of the heat exchanger may be considered constant at 75°C. The air being
at 25°C. Determine the heat exchanger surface area required for 20 MJ/h of heating.

Answer: 𝟎. 𝟏𝟑𝟗 𝐦𝟐
Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers
 ANSWER KEYS – (DPP)
1. 𝟎. 𝟗𝟑𝟎 𝐭𝐨 𝟎. 𝟗𝟒𝟎 11. 199 to 201 21. D
2. A 12. C 22. A, C
3. 𝟏𝟐𝟕 𝐭𝐨 𝟏𝟐𝟗 13. C 23. 49.2 to 51.2
4. 0.1 to 0.1 14. 1105 to 1110 24. B
5. B 15. A, C 25. 99.05 to 100.25
6. 1.49 to 1.55 16. 629.12 to 635.25 26. A, C
7. A, C 17. 416 to 421 27. 191.5 to 197.5
8. 242.25 to 249.65 18. 5112.64 to 5115.26 28. Conventional
9. 2.45 to 2.96 19. 49 to 53 29. Conventional
10. 3.71 to 3.79 20. 0.39 to 0.41 30. Conventional
 ESE/CSE/IFS CONVENTIONAL
QUESTIONS
CONDUCTION (PLANE WALL
WITH HEAT GENERATION)

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

CONVENTIONAL
A plane wall 90 mm thick (k = 0.18 W/m0 C) is insulated on one side while the other
side is exposed to environmental at 80°C. The rate of heat generation within the wall
is 1.3 × 105 W/m3 . If the convective heat transfer coefficient between the wall and
the environment (h) is 520 W/m2 °C, determine the maximum temperature in the
wall. Derive the expression used, starting from the steady state one dimensional heat
conduction with heat generating equation.
[CSE-2015-ME-10 M]

𝐪
Answer: 𝐓 = 𝐓𝐰 + 𝟐𝐤
( L2 - x2)

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 𝐓𝐦 = 𝟑𝟎𝟐𝟕. 𝟓°𝐂

HEAT TRANSFER
DPP-12
(10/06/2022)
1. NAT
Consider a slab (concrete) of 1.2 m thickness with thermal conductivity of 1.48 W/
m − °C. The both sides of the slab is maintained at a temperature of 20°C. During its
curing, 80 W/m3 of chemical energy is released uniformly. Assume that the
temperature does not vary with time. The maximum temperature of the concrete slab
is ____°C. Assume 1-D heat conduction and uniform volumetric heat generation.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 Answer: 28.65 to 31.65

2. MSQ
A slab of thickness L = 160 mm with thermal conductivity 180 W/m°C. The both sides
of the slab is maintained at a temperature of 120°C. The rate of heat generation
through the slab is 1.2 × 106 W/m3 . Assume 1-Dimensional steady state heat
conduction with uniform volumetric heat generation through the slab.
A. The maximum temperature of the slab is 139.62°C to 142.62°C.
3L
B. The temperature at x = m from left face is 126.2°C to 128.2°C.
4
L
C. The heat conduction rate per unit area at x = m from left face is 46 kW/m2 to
4
50 kW/m .2

L
D. The magnitude of temperature gradient at x = m from the right face is 30.4°C/m
2
to 536.4°C/m.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers Answer: A, C

3. MSQ
Consider steady one-dimensional heat flow in a plane wall of 12 cm thickness with
uniform heat generation of 106 W/m3 . The left and right faces are kept at constant
temperature of 150°C. The plane wall has a thermal conductivity of 200 W/m − °C
A. Heat conduction rate per unit area at a distance of 3 cm from left face of the wall is
29992 W/m2 to 30008 W/m2 .
B. Heat conduction rate per unit area at a distance of 3 cm from left face of the wall is
32205 W/m2 to 32210 W/m2 .
C. The maximum temperature of the wall is 168°C to 172°C.
D. The maximum temperature of the wall is 157°C to 161°C.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers Answer: A, D

4. MCQ
Consider a concrete slab having thermal conductivity of 1.48 W/m°C. The both sides
of the slab is maintained at same temperature. During its operation, 80 W/m3 of
chemical energy is released uniformly. The maximum permissible thickness of the slab
without exceeding the temperature gradient of magnitude 98.5°C/m during the
concrete pouring is ____cm. Assume 1 − dimensional steady state heat conduction
with uniform volumetric heat generation.
A. 321.26 B. 294.26
C. 255.82 D. 364.45

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers Answer: D

5. CONVENTIONAL
A conical section fabricated from pyroceram material ( k= 3.46 W/m. K). It is of
circular cross section (shown below) with the diameter D = ax, here a = 0.25. The
small end is at x1 = 50 mm and the large end at x2 = 250 mm . The end
temperatures are T1 = 400 K and T2 = 600 K. The lateral surface is well insulated.

Calculate the heat conduction rate.

𝐀𝐧𝐬𝐰𝐞𝐫 ∶ 𝟐. 𝟏𝟐 𝐖
6. CONVENTIONAL
A plane wall is a composite of two materials, A and B. The wall of material A has
uniform heat generation q = 1.5 × 106 W/m3 , k A = 75 W/m. K, and thickness LA =
50 mm. The wall material B has no generation with k B = 150 W/m. K and thickness
LB = 20 mm. The inner surface of material A is well insulated, while the outer surface
of material B is cooled by a water stream with T∞ = 30°C and h = 1000 W/m2 . K.
Determine the maximum & minimum temperature for composite plane wall.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 𝟏𝟒𝟎°𝐂 & 𝟏𝟎𝟓°𝐂

7. CONVENTIONAL
The rear window of an automobile is defogged by attaching a thin, transparent, film-
type heating element to its inner surface. By electrically heating this element, a
uniform heat flux may be established at the inner surface.
For 4-mm-thick window glass, determine the electrical power required per unit
window area to maintain an inner surface temperature of 15°C when the interior air
temperature and convection coefficient are T∞,i = 25°C and hi = 10 W/m2 . K ,
respectively. The exterior (ambient) air temperature and convection coefficient are
T∞,o = −10°C and ho = 65 W/m2 . K, respectively. Take k = 1.4 W/mK.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers 𝟏𝟐𝟕𝟎. 𝟒𝟖 𝐖/𝐦𝟐
HEAT TRANSFER
DPP-11
(09/06/2022)
1. MCQ
Consider one – dimensional steady state heat conduction along x – axis (0 ≤ x ≤ L),
through a plane wall with the boundary surfaces (x = 0 and x = L) maintained at
temperature of 0°C and 100°C. Heat is generated uniformly throughout the wall.
Choose the CORRECT statement
A. The direction of heat transfer will be from the surface at 100°C to the surface of
0°C.
B. The maximum temperature inside the wall must be greater than 100°C
C. The temperature distribution is linear within the wall
D. The temperature distribution is symmetric about the mid plane of the wall
[GATE-ME-13:1M]

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

Common data Questions
Consider steady one – dimensional heat flow in a plate of 20 mm thickness with a
uniform heat generation of 80 MW/m3. The left and right faces are kept at constant
temperatures of 160°C and 120°C respectively. The plate has a constant thermal
conductivity of 200 W/mK.

2. MCQ
The location of maximum temperature within the plate from its left face is
A. 15 mm B. 10 mm
C. 5 mm D. 0 mm
[GATE-ME-07:2M]

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

3. MCQ
The maximum temperature within the plate in °C is
A. 160 B. 165
C. 175 D. 250
[GATE-ME-07:2M]

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

4. MSQ
1. Consider 1-D (x-direction) steady state heat conduction in a plane wall of 10 cm
thickness with uniform heat generation of 8 × 106 W/m3 . The left and right faces are
kept at constant temperatures of 180°C and 120°C respectively. The plane wall has a
constant thermal conductivity of 45 W/mK
A. The location of maximum temperature within the plane wall from its left face is
44.625 mm to 48.625 mm.
B. The maximum temperature within the wall is 401.6°C to 405.6°C.
C. The magnitude of heat conduction rate per unit area at left face is 371.0 kW/m2
to 375 kW/m2
D. The magnitude of heat flow rate per unit area at right face is 425 kW/m2 to
429 kW/m2

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

ANSWER KEYS – DPP-11 (09/06/2022)
1. B

2. C

3. B

4. A,C, D
 ESE/CSE/IFS CONVENTIONAL
QUESTIONS
CONDUCTION (PLANE WALL
WITHOUT HEAT GENERATION)

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

1. CONVENTIONAL
The diagram shows a truncated conical section fabricated from a material of thermal
conductivity k. The circular cross-section of the conical section has the diameter D =
ax, where a is a constant and x is the axial distance of the section from the apex of the
cone. The temperature at the two faces of the conical section (at distance x1 and x2
from the apex) are respectively T1 and T2 while the lateral surface of the truncated
cone is thermally insulated.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers (Cont …)

(i) Derive an expression for the temperature distribution T(x) in symbolic form
assuming one dimensional steady-state condition. Sketch the temperature
distribution.
(ii) Calculate the heat rate qx through the cone in x-direction.
[CSE-2007-ME-20+40 M]

𝐓𝟏 𝐱𝟏 𝐱−𝐱 𝟐 +𝐓𝟐 𝐱𝟐 (𝐱𝟏 −𝐱)

Answer: (i) 𝐓 =
𝐱(𝐱𝟏 −𝐱 𝟐 )
𝐓𝟏 −𝐓𝟐
(ii) 𝟒 𝟏 𝟏
𝟐 −
Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 𝛑𝐚 𝐤 𝐱𝟏 𝐱𝟐
2. CONVENTIONAL
Consider a large plane wall of thickness L = 0.3 m , thermal conductivity k =
2.5 W/mK, and surface area A = 12 m2 . The left side of the wall at x = 0 is subjected
to a net heat flux of q = 700 W/m2 while the temperature at that surface is
maintained at T1 = 80°C. Assuming constant thermal conductivity and no heat
generation in the wall:
(i) express the differential equation and boundary condition for steady, one-
dimensional heat conduction through the wall.
(ii) Obtain a relation for the variation of temperature in the wall by solving the
differential equation.
(iii) evaluate the temperature of the right surface of the wall.
[CSE-2008-ME-20 M]

𝐝𝟐 𝐓
Answer: (i) =𝟎
𝐝𝐱 𝟐
(ii) 𝐓 = 𝟑𝟓𝟑 − 𝟐𝟖𝟎 𝐱
Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 (iii) 𝟐𝟔𝟗 𝐊
3. CONVENTIONAL
A plane wall of thickness of 0.2 m and k = 1.2 W/m − K has a surface area of 15 m2 ,
the left and right sides of the wall are maintained at 120°C and 50°C respectively.
Using the basic differential equation for heat conduction, determine the variation of
temperature within the wall and the temperature at 0.13 m from the left. Also find
the rate of conduction through the wall under steady-state conditions.
[CSE-2018-ME-10 M]

Answer: 𝐓 = −𝟑𝟓𝟎𝐱 + 𝟑𝟗𝟑

𝐓𝟎.𝟏𝟑 = 𝟑𝟒𝟕. 𝟓 𝐊
Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers 𝐐𝐱 = 𝟔𝟑𝟎𝟎 𝐖
4. CONVENTIONAL
A furnace wall consists of 200 mm inner layer of refractory brick (k = 1.52 W/m −
K), 8 mm thick steel plate (K = 0.138 W/m − K) and outer layer of 100 mm thick
insulation brick (K = 0.138 W/m − K). The inner wall of the furnace is maintained at
1150°C, while the outer wall of the insulation brick is at 40°C. Calculate the heat
transfer through the wall. What is the temperature at the junction of steel plate and
outer insulation brick wall?
[CSE-2019-ME-10 M]

Answer: (I) 𝐪 = 𝟏𝟐𝟗𝟔. 𝟏𝟑 𝐖/𝐦𝟐

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 (II) 𝐓𝐢 = 𝟗𝟕𝟗. 𝟐𝟐𝟔°𝐂
5. CONVENTIONAL
A mild steel of wall thickness 10 mm contains water at 90°C when the atmospheric
temperature is 15°C. The thermal conductivity of mild steel is 50 W/mK and the heat
transfer coefficient for the inside and outside of the tank are 2800 W/m2 K and
11 W/m2 K respectively. Calculate:
(i) the rate of heat loss per unit area of tank surface
(ii) the temperature of the outside surface of the tank.
[IFS-2012-ME-10 M]

Answer: (i) 𝐪 = 𝟖𝟏𝟗. 𝟗𝟕𝟒 𝐖/𝐦𝟐

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 (ii) 𝐓𝟐 = 𝟖𝟗. 𝟓𝟒𝟑°𝐂
6. CONVENTIONAL
An iron plate of thickness L and thermal conductivity k is subjected to a constant heat
flux q0 W/m2 at the boundary surface at x = 0. From the other boundary surface at
x = L, the heat is dissipated by convection into a fluid at temperature T with a heat
transfer coefficient h. Develop the expressions for the surface temperatures T1 and T2
at the surfaces x = 0 and x = L, respectively. For the following data, calculate the
surface temperatures T1 and T2 if L = 2 cm, k = 20 W/m°C, q0 = 105 W/m2 , T =
50°C and h = 500 W/m2 °C.
[ESE-2003-ME-15 M]

𝐪𝟎
Answer: (i) 𝐓𝟐 = 𝐓 + ;
𝐡
𝟏 𝐋
(ii) 𝐓𝟏 +𝐪𝟎 + ;
𝐡 𝐊
Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 (iii) 𝟐𝟓𝟎°𝐂.
7. CONVENTIONAL
The temperature distribution across a wall, having thickness of 1 m, at an instant of
time is given as: T x = 900 − 300x − 50x 2 where T is in degree Celsius and x is in
metres. The uniform heat generation of 1000 W/m3 is present in the wall of area
10 m2 having density ρ = 1600 kg/m3 , thermal conductivity k = 40 W/mK and
specific heat C = 4kJ/kgK. Determine (i) the rate of heat transfer entering the wall
and leaving the wall. (ii) the rate change of internal energy of the wall. (iii) the time
rate of temperature change at x = 0 and at x = 0.5 m.
[IFS-2017-ME-20 M]

Answer: (i) 𝟏𝟔𝟎 𝐤𝐖; (ii) −𝟑𝟎 𝐤𝐖

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 (iii) −𝟒. 𝟔𝟖𝟕𝟓 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟒 °𝐂/𝐬
8. CONVENTIONAL
Heat is transferred along the axis of a truncated conical cylinder of length l, radius r1 at
the shorter end and radius r2 at the bigger end. The circumference of the cylinder is
completely insulated. Develop an expression to calculate heat transfer along the axis
of cylinder. Assume no variation of conductivity with temperature.
[CSE-2002-ME-20 M]

𝐓𝟏 −𝐓𝟐
Answer: 𝐐 = 𝐥
𝛑𝐤𝐫𝟏 𝐫𝟐

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

9. CONVENTIONAL
A fluid at a temperature T∞1 , with a heat transfer coefficient h1 flows on one side of a
slab at x = 0 and another fluid at a temperature T∞2 with a heat transfer coefficient
h2 flows on the other side of the slab at x = L. Both the fluids flow in opposite
directions. Develop an expression for the heat flow Q through an area ′A′ of the slab.
Calculate the heat transfer rate through an area of one square metre of the slab for
the following data: T∞1 = 150°C, h1 = 300 W/m2 K, T∞2 = 50°C, h2 = 600 W/
m2 K, thickness of slab = 5 cm and k = 20 W/mK.
[CSE-2004-ME-30
M]

𝐓∞𝟐 −𝐓∞𝟏
Answer: 𝐐 = 𝟏 𝐱 𝟏
, 𝟏𝟑. 𝟑𝟑 𝐤𝐖/𝐦𝟐
+ +
𝐡𝟏 𝐀 𝐤𝐀 𝐡𝟐 𝐀

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

HEAT TRANSFER
DPP-10
(08/06/2022)
1. CONVENTIONAL
A metal piece of length 60 cm has a cross-section corresponding to a sector of a circle
of radius 10 cm and included angle 60°. Its ends are maintained at temperature of
125℃ and 25℃, and the thermal conductivity of the material has a linear variation
with temperature in degree Celsius
k = (100 – 0.01T) W/m -℃
Find the heat flow rate through the metallic piece. Presume uni-directional heat
conduction, i.e., neglect any variation of temperature in the θ and r-directions.

Answer : 86.51 W
2. CONVENTIONAL
Let us consider a circular conical rod with diameter at any section given by d = ax
where x is the distance measured from the apex of the cone and a is a certain
numerical constant. It may be presumed that there is no internal heat generation,
steady state conditions prevail and that the lateral surface is well insulated. Calculate
heat flow rate if the smaller end located at x1 = 60 mm has a temperature 650 K and
the larger end at x2 = 300 mm has a temperature of 450 K. The parameter a equals
0.20 and the material of the conical rod has an average thermal conductivity
k = 3.45 W/m-K.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers Answer: 1.62 W
3. CONVENTIONAL
A homogeneous plane wall of area A and thickness L has left and right faces
maintained at temperatures of 0℃ and 40℃ respectively. Assume 1-D (x-direction)
steady state heat conduction without heat generation & constant properties of plane
wall.
(a). Determine the temperature at the centre of the wall.

(b). How much material must be added and to which side of the wall if the
temperature at the centre is to be raised by 5℃?

(c). How much material must be removed and from which side of the wall if the
temperature at the centre line of the wall is to be lowered by 5 ℃?

Express your answers in terms of L.

Presume that surface temperatures remain same before and after the alterations
𝐋 𝐋
Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 Answer : (a) 20℃ , (b) , (c)
𝟑 𝟓
HEAT TRANSFER
DPP-9
(07/06/2022)
1. MCQ
In a composite slab, the temperature at the interface (Tinter ) between two materials is
equal to the average of the temperature at the two ends. Assuming steady one-
dimensional heat conduction, which of the following statements is true about the
respective thermal conductivities?
A. 2k1 = k 2 B. k1 = k 2
C. 2k1 = 3k 2 D. k1 = 2k 2
[GATE-2006-ME]

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

2. NAT
Heat transfer through a composite wall is shown in figure. Both the sections of the wall
have equal thickness (l). The conductivity of one section is k and that of the other is
2k. The left face of the wall is at 600 K and the right face is at 300 K.

The interface temperature Ti (in K) of the composite wall is __________

[GATE-2014-ME]

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10

3. MCQ
Consider steady state heat conduction across the thickness in a plane composite wall
(as shown in the figure) exposed to convection conditions on both sides.
Given: hi = 20 W/m2 K ; h0 = 50 W/m2 K ; T∞,i = 20°C ; T∞,0 = −2°C ; k1 =
20 W/mK; k 2 = 50 W/mK; L1 = 0.30 m, L2 = 0.15 m.
Assuming negligible contact resistance between the wall surfaces, the interface
temperature, T (in °C), of the two walls will be
A. – 0.50 B. 2.75
C. 3.75 D. 4.50
[GATE-2009-ME]

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

4. CONVENTIONAL
The walls of house in cold region comprise three layers
15 cm outer brick work (k = 0.75 W/m-K)
1.25 cm inner wooden paneling (k = 0.2 W/m-K)
7.5 cm intermediate layer of insulating material
The insulation layer is stated to offer resistance twice the thermal resistance of brick
work. If the inside and outside temperatures of the composite wall are 20℃ and -15℃
respectively, determine the rate of heat loss per unit area of the wall and the thermal
conductivity of the insulating material.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 Answer: 52.83 W & 0.1875 W/m-K
5. CONVENTIONAL
An exterior wall of a house may be approximated by 10 cm layer of common brick (k =
0.75 W/m-K) followed by 4 cm layer of gypsum plaster (k = 0.5 W/m-K). What
thickness of loosely packed rock wool insulation (k = 0.065 W/m-K) should be added to
reduce the heat loss or gain through the wall by 75%?
Assume same temperatures are maintained on extreme faces & 1-D (x-direction)
steady state heat conduction without heat generation.

Answer: 4.153 cm
ANSWER KEYS – DPP-9 (07/06/2022)
1. D

2. 399 to 401

3. C
HEAT TRANSFER
DPP-8
(06/06/2022)
1. MCQ
The temperature variation under steady heat conduction across a composite slab of
two materials with thermal conductivities k1 and k 2 is shown in figure then, which
one of the following statements holds?

A. k1 > k 2 B. k1 = k 2
C. k1 = 0 D. k1 < k 2
[GATE-1998-ME]

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

2. MCQ
Heat flows through a composite slab, as shown below. The depth of the slab is 1 m.
The k values are in W/mK. The overall thermal resistance in K/W is

A. 17.2 B. 21.9
C. 28.6 D. 39.2
[GATE-2005-ME]

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

3. NAT
In a furnace, the inner and outer sides of the brick wall (k1 = 2.5 W/m. K) are
maintained at 1100℃ and 700℃, respectively as shown in figure

The brick wall is covered by an insulating material of thermal conductivity k 2 . The

th
thickness of the insulation is 1/4 of the thickness of the brick wall. The outer surface
of the insulation is at 200℃. The heat flux through the composite wall is 2500 W/m2 .
The value of k 2 is ________W/m. K (round off to one decimal place).
[GATE-2020-ME]
Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10
4. MCQ
A well machined steel plate of thickness L is kept such that the wall temperature
are Th and Tc as shown in the figure below. A smooth copper plate of the same
thickness L is now attached to the steel plate without any gap as indicated in the
figure below. The temperature at the interface is Ti . The temperatures of the outer
walls are still the same as Th and Tc . The heat transfer rates are q1 and q2 per unit
area in the two cases respectively in the direction shown. Which of the following
statements is correct?
A. Th > Ti > Tc and q1 < q2
B. Th < Ti < Tc and q1 = q2
C. Th = (Ti + Tc )/2 and q1 > q2
D. Ti < (Th + Tc )/2 and q1 > q2
[GATE-2005-ME]

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

5. NAT
An exterior wall of a house consists of a 10.16 cm layer of common brick having
thermal conductivity 0.7 W/m − K. It is followed by a 3.8 cm layer of gypsum plaster
with thermal conductivity of 0.48 W/m. K. To reduce the heat loss through the wall a
loosely packed Rockwool insulation with thermal conductivity 0.065 W/m − K is
provided. Assume it is 1 − Dimensional (x-direction) steady state heat conduction. If
the heat loss rate per unit area through the wall is reduced by 80%, then the required
thickness of insulation is _____cm.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10

6. NAT
A reactor’s wall, 320 mm thick, is made up of an inner layer of fire brick with k =
0.84 W/m − °C is covered with a layer of insulation (k = 0.16 W/m − °C). The
reactor’s wall outermost surface temperature is 25°C, as shown in figure. The
insulating material has a maximum temperature of 1200°C. 1-D (x-direction) steady
state heat conduction the ratio of LB to LA is _____. (Round off to two decimal places)

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10

7. NAT
A material P of thickness 1 mm is sandwiched between two steel slabs, as shown in
the figure below. A heat flux 10 kW/m2 is supplied to one of the steel slabs as shown.
The boundary temperatures of the slabs are indicated in the figure. Assume thermal
conductivity of the steel is 10 W/mK. Considering one dimensional steady state heat
conduction for the configuration, the thermal conductivity (k, in W/mK) of material P
is __________
[GATE-2014-ME]
ANSWER KEYS – DPP-8 (06/06/2022)
1. A 5. 5.80 to 5.86

2. C 6. 1.74 to 1.84

3. 0.5 to 0.5 7. 0.09 to 0.11

4. D
HEAT TRANSFER
QUIZ - 1
(05/06/2022)
1. NAT
The thermo physical properties of air at 70°C are density ρ = 1.12 kg m3 , cp =
1.007 kJ/kg-K. Thermal conductivity k = 0.032 W m − K and Dynamic Viscosity =
18.92 × 10−6 N − s m2 . The Prandtl number of air at 70°C is _____.
(Round off to 4 decimal places)

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

2. MCQ
For a composite wall made of three layers of different materials, the wall thickness and
the temperatures at various wall faces are as shown below, the correct statements
is/are

A. Material A has the highest value of thermal conductivity.

B. Material B has the lowest value of thermal conductivity.
C. Material C has the highest value of thermal conductivity.
D. Heat generation takes places at the interface of walls A and B.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

3. NAT
The concrete slab of a basement is 13 m long, 10 m wide and 0.30 m thick. During the
winter, temperatures are nominally 17°C and 10°C at the top and bottom surfaces
respectively. If the concrete has a thermal conductivity of 1.4 W m − K , the rate of
heat loss through the slab is _____ kW (round off to 2 decimal places). Assume steady
state 1-D (x-direction), heat conduction without heat generation through the slab
having constant properties.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

4. NAT
A concrete wall of 150 mm thickness, thermal conductivity k = 0.8 W m − °C . It is
exposed to air at 60°C on one side and to air at 20°C on the opposite side. The
average convective heat transfer coefficients are 40 W m2 − °C on the 60°C side and
10 W/m2 − °C on the 20°C side. The heat transfer rate per unit surface area of the
wall is _____ W m2 . (round off to nearest integer). Assume 1-D (x-direction), steady
state heat conduction without het generation through the wall having constant
properties.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

5. MSQ
Three rods of same metal and of same cross-sectional area are joined to form sides of
an isosceles triangle ABC and right angled at B. The points A and B are maintained at
temperatures T and ( 2) T respectively. In steady state, the temperature of point C is
Tc . Assuming only conduction takes place, Tc /T is
1 3
A. B.
2 2–1 2+1
1 1
C. D.
3 2–1 2+1

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

6. MSQ
A 6 m long uninsulated steel pipe of an AC (air conditioner) passes across a room with
a constant temperature 20°C. Outer diameter of steel pipe is 30 cm and surface
temperature is about 110°C. Convective heat transfer coefficient for air is about
2 J m−2 °C−1 s −1 . The heat transfer rate from the pipe into the room.
A. 2.8 × 10−4 Jh−1 B. 1.7 × 10−6 Jh−1
C. 2.2 × 10−4 Jh−1 D. 3.4 × 10−4 Jh−1

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

7. MSQ
The heat flux is applied to one face of a plane wall is q = 25 W/m2 . The opposite face
is exposed to air at temperature of 30°C, with a convection heat transfer coefficient of
25 W/m2 − K. The surface temperature of the wall exposed to air is measured and
found to be 50°C. Assume one-dimensional conduction without internal energy
generation. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
A. The system is under steady state condition.
B. The system is under unsteady state condition.
C. The temperature of the wall is increasing with time.
D. The temperature of the wall is decreasing with time.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

8. MSQ
A 1 − D plane wall of thickness 2L = 80 mm experiences uniform volumetric heat
generation of q = 1000 W/m3 and is convectively cooled at x = ±40 mm by an
ambient fluid characterized by T∞ = 30°C. The temperature distribution within the
wall is T x = a L2 − x 2 + b . Here a = 15°C/m2 , b = 40°C . Assume 1 − D ( x
direction), steady state heat conduction without heat generation through the wall
having constant properties. Neglect radiation effects.
A. Thermal conductivity is 32.6 W/m-°C to 33.5 W/m-°C.
B. Thermal conductivity is 26.4 W/m-°C to 27.2 W/m-°C.
C. Convective heat transfer coefficient is 6.1 W/m2 -°C to 6.7 W/m2 -°C.
D. Convective heat transfer coefficient is 3.9 W/m2 -°C to 4.3 W/m2 -°C.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

9. MCQ
A plane wall at 120 mm thickness with thermal conductivity k = 120 W/m − K.
Steady-state conditions are known to exist with T1 = 500 K and T2 = 700 K. Assume
1 − D(x −direction), steady state heat conduction without heat generation through
the wall having constant properties.
Match the following:

Codes:
P Q R
A. (b) (ii) (a) (i) (c) (iii)
B. (c) (iii) (a) (ii) (b) (i)
C. (b) (ii) (c) (iii) (a) (i)
D. (a) (iii) (b) (ii) (c) (i) Continue…

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers
10. MCQ
At a given instant of time, the temperature distribution within an infinite
homogeneous body is given by the function
T x, y, z = x 2 − 2y 2 + z 2 − xy + 2yz
Assume constant properties of infinite medium without internal heat generation.
𝜕T
A. = 2α
𝜕t
𝜕T
B. = 1.4α
𝜕t
C. At everywhere temperature is independent of time.
D. At everywhere temperature is dependent of time.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

11. NAT
The temperature distribution across a plane wall of thickness 2L = 60 mm, at a
certain instant of time is given as T x = a + bx + cx 2 where T is in degrees celcius
and x is in meters, while a = 86.0°C, b = −200°C/m, c = −2 × 104 °C/m2 . Steady
state heat conduction with uniform volumetric heat generation rate present in the
wall having constant properties ρ = 2600 kg/m3 , cp = 800 J/kg − K, k = 5 W/m −
K. If the source of the heat generation rate is suddenly deactivated then the rate of
change of energy stored (magnitude) in the wall is _____× 105 W/m3 (round off to
nearest integer)

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

12. MCQ
The temperature of the two outer surfaces of a composite slab, consisting of two
materials having coefficients of thermal conductivity k and 2k and thickness x and 4x,
respectively, are T2 and T1 (T2 > T1 ). The rate of heat transfer through the slab, in a
A T2 −T1 k
steady state is f, with f equal to
x
A. 2/3
B. 1/2
C. 1
D. 1/3

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

13. MCQ
A wall of thickness 5 mm is heated by a hot gas flowing along the wall. The gas is at a
temperature of 3000 K, and the convective heat transfer coefficient is 160 W/m2 K.
The wall thermal conductivity is 40 W/mK. If the colder side of the wall is held at
500 K, Assuming 1-D, steady state heat conduction the temperature of the side
exposed to the hot gas is __________.
A. 549.02°C B. 549.02 K
C. 276.02 K D. 562.25 K

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

ANSWER KEYS – (DPP) – 05/06/2022
1. 5904 to 0.5994 8. A, D

2. B, C 9. C

3. 4.0 to 4.5 10. C

4. 127 to 129 11. 1.8 to 2.2

5. B 12. D

6. A 13. B

7. B, D
 HEAT TRANSFER
SELF EVALUATION TEST
(04/06/2022)
 Instructions
 Syllabus: Upto plane wall without heat generation.
 This question paper consists of 13 questions of MCQ, MSQ & NAT.
 Questions from 1 to 6 carries one mark each & questions from 7 to 13
carries two marks each. Total 20 Marks.
 Wrong answers for MCQ will carry 33% negative marks. For 1 Mark
question 1/3 mark will be deducted and for 2 Marks question 2/3
mark will be deducted.
 There is no negative marks for MSQ & NAT Type questions.
1. MCQ
For 1 − D (x-direction), steady state heat conduction without heat generation through
a plane wall with constant thermal conductivity, temperature distribution within the
wall will be proportional to
A. x B. x 2
C. independent of x D. both A and B are possible
Here ′x′ is the distance from one of the ends of the wall.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers Answer: A

2. NAT
A plane wall of 1 m thickness is made of material having thermal conductivity of
28 W/mk. The temperature distribution along the thickness of plane wall is given by
T x = 100 − 150x + 20x 2 (x is measured from left face in m and T in k). The rate of
heat transfer per unit area at x = 1 m is _____W/m2 . Assume one dimensional steady
state heat conduction.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 Answer: 3076 to 3084

3. NAT
A freezer assumes the shape of a cubical cavity of 2 m side. Its inner and outer surface
temperatures are −10°C and 35°C respectively. The bottom of the chamber is ideally
insulated. A Styrofoam insulation (k = 0.03 W/mk) is employed on the outer surfaces
of remaining 5 faces. If the heat leakage needs to be restricted to 500 W, then the
minimum thickness of insulation required is ____mm (round off to one decimal place).
Assuming one dimensional steady state heat conduction without heat generation
having constant properties.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 Answer: 53.9 to 54.1

4. NAT
A square chip of width 5 mm on a side and is mounted in a
substrate, so chips side and back surfaces are well
insulated except from surface. The front surface is
exposed to the flow of a coolant at 15°C. The chip
temperature must not exceed to 85°C . Assume one
dimensional steady state operating conditions, the chip is
at a uniform temperature and neglect heat transfer from
sides and bottom. Consider the following two cases
I. If the coolant is air with h = 200 W/m2 − k , the
maximum allowable chip power is PI (Watts).
II. If the coolant is dielectric liquid with h = 3000 W/
m2 k, the maximum allowable chip power is PII (Watts).
PII
The ratio of is _______ (round off to one decimal
PI
place).
Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 Answer: 14.9 to 15.1
5. NAT
A plate is 1.5 m high, 0.6 m wide and 0.15 m thick. One side of the plate is maintained
at a constant temperature of 850 K, other side is maintained at 350 K. The thermal
conductivity of the plate can be assumed to vary linearly with temperature k T =
k 0 (1 + βT), here k 0 = 25 W/m. k and β = 8.7 × 10−4 k −1 . Assume steady one-
dimensional heat transfer and neglect the edge effects. The rate of heat conduction
through the plate is ____kW. (round off to one dimensional place)

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 Answer: 113.95 to 114.85

6. NAT
Temperature distribution at certain instant of time across a wall of thickness 1 m is
given by T x = 100 + 200x − 500x 2 . The wall has a constant volumetric heat
generation rate of 1000 W/m3 . Density of wall material is 1600 kg/m3 , thermal
conductivity is 45 W/m°C and specific heat of material is 4 kJ/kg°C. The magnitude of
time rate of change of temperature is ____× 10−6 °C/s. (Round off to two decimal
places). Assume 1-Dimensional heat conduction with uniform heat generation.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 Answer: 𝟔𝟖𝟕𝟏. 𝟖𝟔 𝐭𝐨 𝟔𝟖𝟕𝟕. 𝟖𝟔

7. MCQ
A steady-state, one-dimensional heat conduction through the symmetric shape is
shown below.

If there is no internal heat generation, what will be the expression for the thermal
conductivity k(x) for these conditions: A x = 1 − x , T x = 300 1 − 2x − x 3 and
Q = 6000 W, where A is in square meters, T in kelvins and x in meters?
−20 20
A. k x = 2 B. k x = 2
1−x 2+3x 1−x 2+3x
20 20
C. k x = D. k x =
1+x 2−3x2 1+x 2−3x2
Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers Answer: B
8. NAT
Consider a plate 2 cm thickness, 10 cm wide is used to heat a fluid on both faces at
30°C. The uniform volumetric heat generation rate inside the plate is 7 × 106 W/m3 .
The thermal conductivity of the plate is 26 W/m°C. If the maximum temperature of
the plate is maintained at 180°C and both faces are at same temperature, then the
average heat transfer coefficient is ____W/m2 °C. (Round off to one decimal place).
Assume 1 − Dimensional steady state heat conduction with uniform heat generation.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 Answer: 512.4 to 513.4

9. NAT
Consider a large plane wall of thickness 0.3 m, thermal conductivity k = 2.5 W/mk
and surface area is 12 m2 . The left side of the wall (at x = 0) is subjected to a net
heat flux of q = 700 W/m2 . The left side surface is maintained at 80°C. The
magnitude of temperature at the right face of the wall (at x = L) is _____°C.
Assuming one dimensional steady state heat conduction without heat generation
having constant properties.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 Answer: 3.8 to 4.2

10. NAT
A stainless steel plate (k = 20 W/mk) of 1 cm thickness with uniform volumetric heat
generation rate is 500 MW/m3 . Left & Right faces of the plate are maintained at
100°C and 200°C respectively. The temperature at mid plane is _____°C. Assume 1 −
D (x-direction) steady state heat conduction with uniform volumetric heat generation
having constant properties.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 Answer: 460.5 to 464.5

11. MSQ
1 − D (x − direction) steady state heat conduction temperature distribution in a plane
wall with 50 mm thickness is T °C = a + bx 2 , where 𝑥 is measured from left face.
Here a = 200°C, b = −2000°C/m2 and x is measured in meters. Thermal conductivity
of the wall is k = 50 W/mk. Assume constant properties and uniform volumetric heat
generation rate.
A. Uniform volumetric heat generation rate 210 kW/m3 to 212 kW/m3
B. Uniform volumetric heat generation rate 198 kW/m3 to 202 kW/m3
C. Heat flux at x = L is 9 kW/m2 to 11 kW/m2
D. Heat flux at x = L is 8.0 kW/m2 to 8.5 kW/m2

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers Answer: B, C

12. MCQ
Two plates of equal thickness (t) and cross-sectional area, are joined together to form
a composite as shown in the figure. If the thermal conductivities of the plates are k
and 2k then, the effective thermal conductivity of the composite is

A. 3k/2 B/ 4k/3
C. 3k/4 D. 2k/3
Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers Answer: B
13. MCQ
For the composite wall shown below (Case 1), the steady state interface temperature
is 180°C. If the thickness of layer P is doubled (Case 2), then the rate of heat transfer
(assuming 1 − D conduction) is reduced by

A. 20% B. 40%
C. 50% D. 70%
Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers Answer: B
HEAT TRANSFER
DPP-7
(03/06/2022)
1. MCQ
The ratio of heat flux conducted for two plane walls having constant properties,
thickness ratio of 1 ∶ 2 and thermal conductivity ratio of 3 ∶ 1 for the same
temperature difference on the two sides is ________ (Assume 1-D, Steady State heat
conduction without heat generation )
A. 5 ∶ 1 B. 6 ∶ 1
C. 2 ∶ 3 D. 3 ∶ 2

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

2. NAT
A stagnant liquid film of 0.4 mm thickness is held between two parallel plates. The top
plate is maintained at 40°C and the bottom plate is maintained at 30°C. If the thermal
conductivity of the liquid is 0.14 W/mK, then the steady state heat flux conducted (in
W/m2 ) assuming one-dimensional heat transfer, is _____.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10

3. NAT
A rod of 3 cm diameter and 20 cm length is maintained at 100℃ at one end and 10℃
at the other end. Under these temperature conditions heat conduction rate is 6 W. If
curved surface of the rod is completely insulated, Thermal conductivity of the rod
material is ________ Wm−1 K −1 .

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10

4. MCQ
A masonry wall with thermal conductivity 0.75 W/m − K, the heat rate through the
wall is equal to 80% of the heat rate through the composite structural wall having
thermal conductivity of 0.25 W/mK. The thickness of the composite structure wall is
100 mm. Assume it is one dimensional steady state heat conduction and both walls
subjected to same surface temperatures. The thickness of masonry wall is in mm
A. 375 B. 315
C. 296 D. 329

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

5. NAT
The bottom face of a horizontal slab of thickness 6 mm is maintained at 300°C. The
top face of exposed to a flowing gas at 30°C. The thermal conductivity of the slab is
1.5 Wm−1 K −1 and the convective heat transfer coefficient is 30 Wm−2 K −1 . At steady
state, the temperature (in °C) of top face is _____ (Nearest integer).

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10

6. NAT
The rear window of an automobiles is defogged by passing warm air over its inner
surface. The warm air has a temperature of 40°C and corresponding convection
coefficient is 30 W/m2 K. The outside ambient is at −10°C and corresponding
convection coefficient is 65 W/m2 K. If the glass is 4 mm thick and has a thermal
conductivity of 1.4 W/mK, then the outer surface temperature (round off to 1
decimal place) is ____°C.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10

7. MSQ
A large window glass 0.5 cm thick (k = 0.78 W/m − K) is exposed to warm air at
25°C, over its inner surface with convection coefficient of 15 W/m2 − K. The outside
air is at −15°C with convection coefficient of 50 W/m2 − K. Assume one dimensional
steady state heat flow with constant properties. Take heat transfer area = 1 m2 .
A. Heat flow rate per unit area through the glass is 521.61 W/m2 to 524.61 W/m2
B. Heat flow rate per unit area through the glass is 427.81 W/m2 to 431.81 W/m2
C. Temperature at the outer surface is −6.75°C to − 6.25°C
D. Temperature at the inner surface is −5.85°C to − 5.25°C

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

8. NAT
A horizontal plate of 600 mm × 900 mm × 30 mm is maintained at 300°C. The air at
30°C flows steadily over the plate. The convective heat transfer coefficient of the plate
is 22 W/m2 − K and 250 W heat is lost from the plate by radiation. The plate has
thermal conductivity is 30 W/m − K. Assuming 1-D, Steady State heat conduction
without heat generation for the plate the bottom surface temperature of the plate is
____°C (Round off to two decimal place)

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10

9. MCQ
W
A brick wall k = 0.9 of thickness 0.18 m separates the warm air in a room from
m.K
the cold ambient air. On a particular winter day, the outside air temperature is −5°C
and the room needs to be maintained at 27°C. The heat transfer coefficient associated
W
with outside air is 20 2 . Neglecting the convective resistance of the air inside the
m K
W
room, the heat loss, in 2 , is
m
A. 88 B. 110
C. 128 D. 160
[GATE-2015-ME]
ANSWER KEYS – DPP-7 (03/06/2022)
1. B 5. 269 to 273

2. 3495 to 3505 6. 4.7 to 5.1

3. 17.87 to 19.87 7. B, C

8. 306.05 to 306.92
4. A
9. C
HEAT TRANSFER
DPP-6
(02/06/2022)
1. MCQ (E)
Match the following heat conduction equations (constant properties) with correct one.
List-I List-II
q
P. 𝛻 2 T + = 0 (i) Fourier-Biot equation
k
2
Q. 𝛻 T = 0 (ii) Diffusion equation
q 1 𝜕T
R. 𝛻 2 T + = (iii) Laplace equation
k α 𝜕𝑡
1 𝜕T
S. 𝛻 2 T = (iv) Poisson’s equation
α 𝜕t
P Q R S
A. (ii) (iii) (iv) (i)
B. (iv) (i) (iii) (ii)
C. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
D. (iv) (iii) (i) (ii)

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

2. MCQ (E)
A large concrete slab 1 m thick has one dimensional temperature distribution:
T = 4 − 10x + 20x 2 + 10x 3 , where T is temperature and x is distance from one face
towards other face of wall. If the slab material has thermal diffusivity of 2 ×
10−3 m2 /hr, what is the rate of change of temperature at the other face of the wall ?
Assume no generation within plane wall.
A. 0.1°C/h B. 0.2°C/h
C. 0.3°C/h D. 0.4°C/h
3. MCQ (M)
At certain time instant the temperature distribution across a large concrete slab 500
mm thick heated from one side as measured by thermocouples approximates to the
following relation:
T = 120 − 100x + 24x 2 + 40x 3 − 30x 4
(Where T is in °C and x is in meters measured from left face)
Considering an area of 4 m2 , thermal diffusivity 1.77 × 10−3 m2 /h, the max rate of
change of temperature with time in the slab is
A. 0.333 °C/h B. 0.08496 °C/h
C. 0.13806 °C/h D. 0.155 °C/h

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

4. CONVENTIONAL
The temperature distribution across a plane wall 1m thick at a certain instant of time
is given as T = a + bx + cx 2 where T is in degrees Celsius and x is in meters, while
a = 100°C , b = 200°C/m and c = −500°C/m2 steady state heat conduction with
uniform heat generation is present in the wall of area 10 m2 having the properties ρ =
1600 kg/m3 , k = 40 W/m-K and cp = 4 kJ/kg - K .
1. Determine the magnitude of the rate of heat transfer at the left face of the wall
(x = 0). At this face whether the heat is entering or leaving the wall?
2. Determine the rate of heat generation within the plane wall.
3. Determine the Location of maximum temperature.
4. Determine the average temperature of the wall so that we can assume β = 0.
5. If suddenly, the uniform heat generation rate get quadrupled, Determine the rate
of change of temperature at mid plane (x = 0.5 m).

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

ANSWER KEYS – DPP-6 (02/06/2022)
1. D
4. Answers
1) 𝐐𝐋 = −𝟖𝟎 𝐤𝐖, Heat is leaving
2. B from the left face.
2) 𝐐𝐠 = 𝟒𝟎𝟎 𝐤𝐖
3) 𝐱 = 𝟎. 𝟐 𝐦
3. D
4) 𝐓𝐚𝐯𝐠 = 𝟑𝟑. 𝟑𝟒°𝐂
𝛛𝐓
5) 𝛛𝐭
= 𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟖𝟕𝟓°𝐂/𝐬
HEAT TRANSFER
DPP-5
(01/06/2022)
1. MCQ
According to the boundary conditions for heat transfer at the surface (x = 0) . Match
the correct one
List-I List-II
𝜕T
P. Constant surface temperature (i) −k = h T∞ − T 0, t
𝜕x x=0
𝜕T
Q. Constant surface heat flux (ii) =0
𝜕x x=0
R. Adiabatic surface (iii) Ts = T(0, t)
𝜕T
S. Convective surface condition (iv) qx = −k
𝜕x x=0
P Q R S
A. (ii) (iv) (iii) (i)
B. (iii) (i) (ii) (iv)
C. (ii) (i) (iii) (iv)
D. (iii) (iv) (ii) (i)
Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers
2. MCQ
The ratio of momentum diffusivity (υ) to thermal diffusivity (α), is called
A. Prandtl number B. Nusselt number
C. Biot number D. Lewis number
[GATE-2015-ME]

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

3. MCQ
The properties of mercury at 300 K are: Density = 13529 kg/m3 , cP = 0.1393 kJ/kg-
K, dynamic viscosity = 0.1523 × 10−2 Ns/m2 and thermal conductivity = 8.540 W/
mK. The Prandtl number of the mercury at 300 K is
A. 0.0248 B. 2.48
C. 24.8 D. 248
[GATE-2002-ME]

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

4. NAT
The free convection heat transfer coefficient on a thin hot vertical plate 0.3 m × 0.3 m
with a mass of 3.75 kg and a specific heat of 2770 J/kgK is suspended in still air can
be obtained from observations of the change in plate temperature with time as it
cools. If the plate temperature is 225°C and the change in plate temperature with
dT
time is −0.022 K/s, then the convection heat transfer coefficient is ____W/
dt
m2 − K. Take the ambient air temperature is 25°C. Assume the plate is isothermal and
radiation exchange with its surroundings is negligible. (round off to one decimal place).

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10

5. NAT
Three slabs are joined together as shown in the figure. There is no thermal contact
resistance at the interfaces. The center slab experiences a non-uniform internal heat
generation with an average value equal to 10000 Wm−3 , while the left and right
slabs have no internal heat generation. All slabs have thickness equal to 1 m and
thermal conductivity of each slab is equal to 5 Wm−1 K −1 . The two extreme faces are
exposed to fluid with heat transfer coefficient 100 Wm−2 K −1 and bulk temperature
30°C as shown. The heat transfer in the slabs is assumed to be one dimensional and
steady, and all properties are constant. If the left extreme face temperature T1 is
measured to be 100°C, the right extreme face temperature T2 is _____°C.
[GATE-ME-19:2M]

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

6. MCQ
Steady two – dimensional heat conduction takes place in the body shown in the figure
below. The normal temperature gradients over surface P and Q can be considered to
𝜕T
be uniform. The temperature gradient at surface Q is equal to 10 K/m. Surface P
𝜕x
and Q are maintained at constant temperatures as shown in the figure, while the
remaining part of the boundary is insulated. The body has a constant thermal
𝜕T 𝜕T
conductivity of 0.1 W/mK. The values of and at surface P are
𝜕y 𝜕x
𝜕T 𝜕T
A. = 20 K/m, = 0 K/m
𝜕x 𝜕y
𝜕T 𝜕T
B. = 0 K/m, = 10 K/m
𝜕x 𝜕y
𝜕T 𝜕T
C. = 10 K/m, = 10 K/m
𝜕x 𝜕y
𝜕T 𝜕T
D. = 0 K/m, = 20 K/m
𝜕x 𝜕y
[GATE-2008-ME]
ANSWER KEYS – DPP-5 (01/06/2022)
1. D 5. 60 to 60

2. A 6. D

3. A

4. 𝟔. 𝟏 𝐭𝐨 𝟔. 𝟓
HEAT TRANSFER
DPP-4
(31/05/2022)
1. MCQ
Match the following heat transfer processes with correct mechanisms and rate equations.
Mode Mechanisms Rate equation
𝜕T
P: Radiation (i) Diffusion of energy due (a) qx = −k 𝜕x
to random molecular motion
Q: Conduction (ii) Diffusion of energy due to (b) q e = σT 4
random molecular motion
plus energy transfer due to
bulk motion
R: Convection (iii) Energy transfer by (c) q = h Ts − T∞
electromagnetic waves

A. R, (iii), (c) Q, (i), (b) P, (ii), (a)

B. P, (i), (a) R, (ii), (b) Q, (iii), (c)
C. P, (iii), (b) Q, (i), (a) R, (ii), (c)
D. P, (ii), (c) Q, (i), (b) R, (iii), (a)
2. NAT
A blackbody at 30°C is heated to 100°C. Take Stefan Boltzmann’s constant is 5.67 ×
10−8 W/m2 . K 4 . Assume there is no heat loss by conduction and convection. The
increase in emissive power of the black body is ________ W/m2 . (Round off to two
decimal place)

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10

3. MCQ
Heat being transferred convectively from a cylindrical nuclear reactor fuel rod of
50 mm diameter to water at 75°C, under steady state condition, the rate of heat
generation within the fuel element is 50 × 106 W/m3 and the convective heat
transfer coefficient is 1 kW/m2 K, the outer surface temperature of the fuel element
would be
A. 700°C B. 625°C
C. 360°C D. 400°C
[GATE-2007-ME]

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

4. NAT
A 2 m long, 0.3 cm diameter electrical wire extends across a room at 15°C is shown in
figure. Heat is generated in the wire as a result of resistance heating, and the surface
temperature of the wire is measured to be 152°C in steady operation. The voltage
drop and electric current through the wire are measured to be 60 V and 1.5 A
respectively. The convection heat transfer coefficient for heat transfer from an
electrically heated wire to air is ____ W/m2 − K. (Round off to one decimal place)
Assume all the heat loss from the wire by convection only. Neglect heat transfer by
radiation.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10

5. MSQ
A cartridge electrical heater of cylinder shape with length L = 200 mm and the outer
diameter D = 20 mm. Under steady-state operating conditions the heater dissipates
2 kW, submerged in a water flow at 20°C and provides a convective heat transfer
coefficient of h = 5000 W/m2 − K. The water flow is accidentally terminated, and the
heater continues to operate, due to termination of water flow the heater surface is
exposed to air at 20°C and provides a convective heat transfer coefficient of h =
50 W/m2 − K. Assume all of the electrical power is transferred to the fluid by
convection and neglect heat transfer from ends.
A. Heater surface temperature in water is 31.8°C to 32.8°C
B. Heater surface temperature in water is 51.2°C to 52.2°C
C. Heater surface temperature in air (after termination of water
flow) is 3194°C to 3198°C
D. Heater surface temperature in air (after termination of water
flow) is 3200°C to 3208°C
Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers
ANSWER KEYS – DPP-4 (31/05/2022)
1. C 5. B, D

2. 619.05 to 620.05

3. A

4. 34.4 to 35.2
HEAT TRANSFER
DPP-3
(30/05/2022)
1. MSQ
Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
A. In a stationary fluid, conduction heat transfer takes place due to random molecular
motion.
B. In a metal, conduction heat transfer takes place due to lattice vibrational waves &
free electrons.
C. The transfer of energy via thermal radiation doesn’t require any material medium.
D. In a non-metal, conduction heat transfer takes place due to movement of free
electrons only.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

2. MCQ
Match the property with their units
Property Units
A. Bulk modulus 1. W/s
B. Thermal conductivity 2. N/m2
C. Heat transfer coefficient 3. N/m3
D. Heat flow rate 4. W
5. W/mK
6. W/m2 K
Codes:
A B C D
A. 1 2 6 5
B. 2 5 6 4
C. 2 6 4 1
D. 1 5 3 2 [GATE-1991-ME]
Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers
3. MCQ
A coolant fluid at 30°C flows over a heated flat plate maintained at constant
temperature of 100°C. The boundary layer temperature distribution at a given
location on the plate may be approximated as T = 30 + 70 exp(−y) where y (in m) is
the distance normal to the plate and T is in °C. If thermal conductivity of the fluid is
1.0 W/mK, the local convective heat transfer coefficient (in W/m2 K) at that location
will be
A. 0.2 B. 1
C. 5 D. 10
[GATE-2009-ME]

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

4. NAT
Hot air flows under steady state conditions at 150°C over a flat plate maintained at
50°C. The plate area is 2 m2 . Assume the heat is transferred by forced convection only.
The heat transfer coefficient is 75 W/m2 − K. The heat transfer rate through the plate
is ____ KW. (Round off to one decimal place).

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10

5. MCQ
A hot plate is exposed to an environment at 100°C. The temperature profile of the
environment fluid is given as
T °C = 60 + 40y + 0.1 y 2 . The thermal conductivity of the plate material is
40 W/m − K. The heat transfer coefficient is ___ W/m2 − K. Assume steady state
conditions.
A. 30 B. 40
C. 35 D. 42

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

ANSWER KEYS – DPP-3 (30/05/2022)
1. A, B, C 5. B

2. B

3. B

4. 14.9 to 15.1
HEAT TRANSFER
DPP-2
(29/05/2022)
1. MCQ (E)
As the temperature increases, the thermal conductivity of a gas
A. Increases
B. decreases
C. remains constant
D. increases up to a certain temperature and then decreases
[GATE-2014-ME]

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

2. MCQ (E)
Thermal conductivity is lowest for
A. wood B. Air
C. water at 100°C D. Steam at 1 bar
[GATE-1990-ME]

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

3. MCQ (E)
In descending order of magnitude, the thermal conductivity of
A. Pure iron
B. Liquid water
C. Saturated water vapour
D. Pure aluminum can be arranged as
A. ABCD B. BCAD
C. DABC D. DCBA
[GATE-2001-ME]

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

4. MSQ (E)
Which of the following statement(s) is/are true?
A. Materials of low thermal conductivities are bad thermal insulators.
B. Materials of high thermal conductivities are bad thermal insulators.
C. Materials of low thermal conductivities are good thermal insulators.
D. Materials of high thermal conductivities are good thermal insulators.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

ANSWER KEYS – DPP-2 (29/05/2022)
1. A

2. D

3. C

4. B, C
HEAT TRANSFER
DPP-1
(27/05/2022)
1. MSQ (E)
Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
A. For Non-metals the temperature coefficient of thermal conductivity is positive.
B. For metals, the increase in temperature results in decrease of thermal conductivity.
C. For Non-metals, the increase in temperature results in decrease of thermal
conductivity.
D. The increase in temperature results the increase in thermal conductivity of an
imaginary metal having zero temperature coefficient of thermal conductivity.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

2. MCQ (E)
Which one of the following is the unit of the thermal conductivity?
A. Js −1 mK B. Js −1 m−1 K −1
C. Js m−1 K −1 D. Js mK −1

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

3. MCQ (E)
The essential condition for the transfer of heat from one body to another is
A. both bodies must be in physical contact.
B. heat content of one body must be more than that of the other.
C. one of the bodies must have a high value of thermal conductivity.
D. there must exist a temperature difference between the bodies.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

4. MSQ (E)
According to Fourier’s law of heat conduction, the heat flow rate in n-direction is
A. directly proportional to the thermal conductivity in n-direction.
B. directly proportional to the area of isothermal surface normal to heat flow direction.
C. independent of the material of the body.
D. independent of the temperature gradient in the heat flow direction.

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

5. MCQ (M)
Heat flux vector is represented by q = q x i + q y j + q z k . For homogeneous, isotropic
and imaginary material having α = 0, the correct expression of heat flux vector using
Fourier's law of heat conduction is given by
A. q = −kA∇2 T B. q = −k∇2 T
C. q = −kA∇T D. q = −k∇T

Daily Practice Problems & Assignment by NEGI10 for #NEGIsoldiers

ANSWER KEYS – DPP-1 (27/05/2022)
1. A, B 5. D

2. B

3. D

4. A, B