IME123
IME123
IME123
MICRO-PROJECT REPORT
This is to certify that Mr. Rathod Bajirao Bandu Of Fourth Semester of Diploma in Electrical Engineering
of Institute Shreeyash College Of Engineering And Technology has successfully completed Micro-Project
Work in Course of Industrial Measurement for the academic year 2023-24 as prescribed in the I-Scheme
Curriculum.
Seal of Institute
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Annexure-1
Micro-Project Proposal
• Renewable energy
• Sustainable infrastructure
• Reduced carbon footprint
• Cost-efficiency
• Job creation
• Economic development
• Greenhouse gas reduction
• Air pollution mitigation
• Energy independence
• Increased property values
1. Research and Design: Conduct literature review on piezoelectric materials and road
construction techniques. Design the layout and specifications of the piezoelectric road
segment.
2. Material Acquisition: Procure necessary materials including piezoelectric crystals,
pavement materials, sensors, and energy storage components.
3. Prototype Construction: Build the piezoelectric road prototype according to the design
specifications. Embed piezoelectric crystals beneath the road surface and install sensors for
data collection.
4. Testing and Optimization: Conduct performance tests to assess the electricity generation
efficiency and durability of the prototype. Optimize design and configuration based on test
results.
5. Data Analysis: Analyze data collected during testing phase to evaluate the effectiveness of
the piezoelectric road prototype in generating electricity and its potential applications.
6. Documentation and Reporting: Document the entire process including design,
construction, testing, and analysis. Prepare a comprehensive report summarizing the
findings and outcomes of the micro-project.
Annexure-1
Action Plan
Name of
Sr. Planned Planned Responsible
Details of activity
No. Week Start Finish Team Members
date date
1 1 &2 Discussion & Finalization of 04/04/2024 05/04/2024 All Team Members
Topic
2 3 Preparation of the Abstract 04/04/2024 05/04/2024 All Team Members
3 4 Literature Review 04/04/2024 05/04/2024 All Team Members
4 5 Submission of Microproject 04/04/2024 05/04/2024 All Team Members
Proposal ( Annexure-I)
5 6 Collection of information about 04/04/2024 05/04/2024 All Team Members
Topic
6 7 Collection of relevant content / 04/04/2024 05/04/2024 All Team Members
materials for the execution of
Microproject.
7 8 Discussion and submission of 04/04/2024 05/04/2024 All Team Members
outline of the Microproject.
8 9 Analysis / execution of 04/04/2024 05/04/2024 Bajirao Rathod
Collected data / information and
preparation of Prototypes /
drawings / photos / charts /
graphs / tables / circuits / Models
/ programs etc.
9 10 Completion of Contents of 04/04/2024 05/04/2024 Dinesh Rathod
Project Report
10 11 Completion of Weekly progress 04/04/2024 05/04/2024 Vishwas Yadav
Report
11 12 Completion of Project Report 04/04/2024 05/04/2024 Ritesh Thombare
( Annexure-II)
12 13 Viva voce / Delivery of 04/04/2024 05/04/2024 Bajirao Rathod
Presentation
Resources Required:
Micro-Project Report
Format for Micro-Project Report (Minimum 4 pages)
Title of Micro-Project:-
Rationale:The rationale for piezoelectric roads stems from the urgent need to address energy
consumption, environmental degradation, and infrastructure sustainability in modern
societies. Piezoelectric roads present a groundbreaking solution by capitalizing on the
mechanical energy generated by vehicular movement to produce electricity. This innovative
technology offers several compelling advantages:
a) Understanding of Piezoelectricity
Demonstrated comprehension of piezoelectric effect and its application in energy conversion for
road infrastructure.
Applied principles to design and analyze piezoelectric road systems effectively.
Investigated challenges and opportunities in integrating piezoelectric systems into existing road
networks.
Proposed innovative solutions to enhance the efficiency and durability of piezoelectric road
infrastructure.
4.0 Literature Review:-
As an AI language model, I don't have direct access to external sources or databases, including specific
literature or resources. However, I can suggest the types of sources typically relevant for a literature
review on piezoelectric roads:
Scientific Journals: Academic journals in engineering, materials science, renewable energy, and
transportation often publish research articles on piezoelectric materials, energy harvesting
technologies, and infrastructure innovations.
Conference Proceedings: Proceedings from conferences and symposiums related to civil
engineering, transportation engineering, and sustainable infrastructure may contain research
findings and case studies on piezoelectric road projects.
Government Reports: Reports from government agencies, such as transportation departments or
environmental agencies, might provide information on initiatives, regulations, and funding
related to sustainable transportation infrastructure.
Industry Publications: Magazines, newsletters, and websites focusing on engineering,
infrastructure development, and renewable energy may feature articles, interviews, and case
studies relevant to piezoelectric road technologies.
Books and Monographs: Textbooks, reference books, and monographs on topics like energy
harvesting, smart infrastructure, and sustainable transportation systems may provide background
information and theoretical frameworks for understanding piezoelectric road projects.
Patents: Patent databases can offer insights into innovative technologies and designs related to
piezoelectric roads, potentially revealing new developments and intellectual property in the field.
Academic Theses and Dissertations: Graduate theses and dissertations in relevant fields may
contain original research, methodologies, and findings related to piezoelectric road technologies
and their applications.
The main object is to investigate the role of PMPG, MEMS power generation in piezoelectric network for smart
roads. The remainder of the paper is arranged as follows. Section-2 provides the origin of piezoelectric effect in
crystal. The detail of the proposed technique has been discussed in section-4. Simulation parameters and results
have been given in section-5. Based upon the simulation results, conclusions have been drawn and some
recommendations for future work have been proposed in section-6.
ORIGIN OF PIEZOELECTRIC EFFECT IN CRYSTAL
The origin of the piezoelectric effect was, in general, clear from the very beginning. The displacement of ions
from their equilibrium positions caused by a mechanical stress in crystals that lack a centre of symmetry must
result in the generation of an electric moment, i.e., in electric polarization. Attempts to calculate the piezo
constants of a crystal based on this model were first undertaken by the brothers Curie as
Figure 1. Origin of piezoelectric effect and polarization
We assume that some crystals have spontaneous polarization. Thus, only some crystals like pyroelectric crystals
that have an unique polar axis, along which the spontaneous polarization exists, are considered. These are the
crystals of classes 6mm, 4mm, mm2, 6, 4, 3m, 3, 2, m, and 1. For reasons that are obvious, crystals of class 1 will
not be considered further. The special polar axis—crystallophysical axis X3—coincides with the axes L6, L4, L3,
and L2 of the crystals or lies in the unique plane P (class “m”). Thus, all considered crystals have spontaneous
polarization Ps = P3. We believe that the piezoelectric effect in pyroelectric crystals arises as a result of changes
in their spontaneous polarization under external effects (electric fields, mechanical stresses). Moreover, we
believe this mechanism can be regarded as the governing factor. Let us demonstrate, in general terms, that the
piezoelectric effect in these crystals is really a result of changes in Ps caused by the applied electric field or
mechanical stress [3]. For example, if one starts to deform such a crystal, its constituent particles will be slightly
displaced from their equilibrium positions as shown in following Figure 2.
Accordingly, this results in the displacement of the electric centres of positive and negative charges of an
elementary cell from equilibrium positions, i.e., the spontaneous polarization of the crystal changes. Generally,
this change will have the components along all three axes of ΔPs = (ΔP1, ΔP2, ΔP3) [4]. Let us suppose that a
first approximation, ΔPs = (ΔP1, ΔP2, ΔP3) is proportional to the mechanical stresses causing it, i.e., ΔPi = dikl
Tkl where Tkl represents the mechanical stress and dikl represents the piezoelectric modules. If one accepts their
values in the absence of mechanical stresses or an electric field as a reference point for the polarization state and
for the electric induction, then ΔPi or ΔDi can just be substituted by Pi or Di, and the piezoelectric effect
equations keep their conventional form.
PIEZOELECTRICITY AND POWER GENERATION USING TRANSVERSE MODE THIN FILM PZT
AND MEMS, PMPG
As piezoelectric effect converts mechanical strain into electric current or voltage and generates electric energy
from weight, motion, vibration and temperature changes. Considering piezoelectric effect in thin film lead
zirconate titanate, Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT), MEMS power generating device is developed [5]. It is designed to
resonate at specific frequencies from an external vibration energy source, thereby creating electrical energy via
the piezoelectric effect using electromechanical damped mass
Sr. Name of
No. Resource/Material Specifications Qty Remarks
Type: Lead Zirconate [Insert Essential for energy harvesting from
1 Piezoelectric Crystals Titanate (PZT) Quantity] mechanical stress.
[Insert Provides structural support and surface for
2 Pavement Materials Asphalt Concrete Mix Quantity] embedding piezoelectric crystals.
[Insert Detects mechanical stress and vehicle
3 Sensors Type: Strain Gauges Quantity] movement for data collection.
Type: Lithium-ion [Insert Stores harvested electricity for later use or
4 Energy Storage System Batteries Quantity] distribution.
Facilitates electrical connections between
Type: Copper Wiring, [Insert piezoelectric crystals, sensors, and energy
5 Wiring and Connectors Connectors Quantity] storage system.
6 Protective Coating Type: Epoxy Resin [Insert Protects piezoelectric crystals and wiring from
Sr. Name of
No. Resource/Material Specifications Qty Remarks
Coating Quantity] environmental factors.
• Technical Skills: Participants may develop skills related to engineering, materials science, and
electronics through the design, construction, and testing of piezoelectric road prototypes.
• Data Analysis: They may gain proficiency in collecting, analyzing, and interpreting data related to
traffic patterns, energy generation, and environmental impact.
• Problem-Solving: Participants can enhance their ability to identify and address technical challenges
associated with implementing piezoelectric roads, such as optimizing energy conversion efficiency
and durability.
• Project Management: In planning and executing the micro-project, individuals may learn project
management skills, including task organization, resource allocation, and time management.
• Communication Skills: Collaborating with team members and stakeholders involves effective
communication, including conveying technical concepts to non-technical audiences and presenting
findings convincingly.
• Critical Thinking: Engaging in the evaluation of the feasibility, efficiency, and sustainability of
piezoelectric roads can foster critical thinking skills, enabling individuals to assess complex problems
and propose innovative solutions.
• Interdisciplinary Understanding: Piezoelectric roads involve elements from various disciplines,
such as engineering, physics, environmental science, and economics. Participants can gain an
interdisciplinary understanding of these topics and their interconnectedness.
• Innovation and Creativity: Exploring novel applications of piezoelectric technology and addressing
real-world challenges encourages creativity and innovation among participants.
• Environmental Awareness: Through studying the environmental impact of piezoelectric roads,
individuals may develop a deeper understanding of sustainable infrastructure and its role in
addressing environmental issues.
• Professional Development: Participation in the micro-project can contribute to the professional
development of individuals by providing hands-on experience, networking opportunities, and
potential pathways for future research or employment in related fields.
9.0 Applications of this Micro-Project:- (In about 30 to 50 words)
The micro-project on piezoelectric roads offers applications in sustainable infrastructure, energy
harvesting, and transportation. It aims to generate electricity from vehicle movement, potentially
powering streetlights, traffic signals, and electric vehicle charging stations, while also reducing carbon
emissions and promoting renewable energy integration into urban environments.
Annexure-IV
MICRO-PROJECT EVOLUTION SHEET
(A) (B)
Process and Product Individual Presentation/ Total Marks
Assessment (6 marks) Viva (4 marks) 10
Dated Signature:-__________________