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Lab 2

The document describes an experiment to test Newton's second law of motion. The experiment varies both the net force applied and the mass to determine the effects on acceleration. It provides the objectives, equipment, theory background, and procedures to collect data and analyze the results to evaluate how acceleration is affected by changes in net force and mass.

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mo2419270
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22 views

Lab 2

The document describes an experiment to test Newton's second law of motion. The experiment varies both the net force applied and the mass to determine the effects on acceleration. It provides the objectives, equipment, theory background, and procedures to collect data and analyze the results to evaluate how acceleration is affected by changes in net force and mass.

Uploaded by

mo2419270
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment # 3

Newton’s second law

Objectives

1. To find out what happens to object acceleration when the net force applied to the
object increases and the mass of the system is constant.
2. To find out what happens to object acceleration when the net force applied to the
object stays constant and the mass of the system is changed.

Equipment list

1. Pasco interface.
2. Motion sensor.
3. Dynamic Track.
4. Cart.
5. Masses and hanger set.
6. String.

Theory background

Newton’s first law of motion states that if no net force acts on an object, then the velocity
of the object remains unchanged.
One of the important equation in physics is (a= F/m), also known as Newton’s second
law of motion.
Newton’s second law describes the behavior of everything that changes its motion due to
a net force.
As long as a net force acts, the velocity of an object changes – in other words, its
accelerates. If more force is applied the greater force produces a greater acceleration.
Often several forces act on an object simultaneously. In such cases it is the net force, or
the vector sum of all the forces acting
Newton’s Second Law: state that the acceleration is proportional to the net force acting
on the object.
Newton’s Second Law also states that the acceleration is inversely proportional to the
mass.
Mathematically (∑⃗
F = ma⃗ ), where m: total mass of the system.

In our experiment the system is as shown, so if one apply Newton’s second law on the
system, the acceleration of the system "M total"

a= mg / ( m + M' )

In this experiment the symbol:


"M" represents the total mass of the system.
(M total= M' + m)
"M' " represents the cart mass.
"m" represents the hanger and weights mass.
Newton’s second law
Name: _________________. Student#:_________________.

Group #: (___). Date: ________________.

Data table:
Part 1 : Constant Mass (Note : M’=500 g)
a(m/s2) mg(N) m(g) M(g)
50 M’+40
60 M’+30
70 M’+20
80 M’+10

Part 2 : Constant Force (Note : M’=500 g)

a(m/s2) mg(N) m(g) M(g) 1/(M + m)(kg-


1
)
50 M’
50 M’+10
50 M’+20
50 M’+30

Calculations
Part One (Constant mass)
 Draw using Excel (a) versus (mg) and draw the best line
 Find the slope of the graph, what is it mean, and what is it’s unit.

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
_____
 Experimental value of total mass =

 Find the % error of total mass for the measured value.

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
______
 What is your conclusion about the way in which acceleration depends on the
magnitude of the hanging mass?

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
______

Part Two (Constant Force)


 Draw using excel (a) versus [1/(m +M) ]and draw the best line
 Find the slope of the graph; what does it mean, and what its unit is.

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
______

 Experimental value of constant force =

 Find the % error of constant force for the measured value.

__________________________________________________________________
__

 What is your conclusion about the way in which acceleration depends on the
magnitude of the added mass?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
_____

Questions
1. What happens to an object when you apply a net force to it?

2. What happens to the motion of an object if it has a constant mass but you change
the magnitude of a net force on it?

3. What happens to object acceleration if the net force applied to the object is kept
constant but the object mass increases?

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